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Field Trip: Bartlett's Forest, Bankside Road, Silverdale*. 16/07/05

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Field Trip: Bartlett's Forest, Bankside Road, Silverdale*. 16/07/05 Pseudopanax lessonii Carex inversa Lepidosperma australe Pseudopanax crassifolius x P. Carex lambertiana Lepidosperma laterale lessonii Carex lessoniana Microlaena avenacea Ranunculus amphitrichus Carex maorica Microlaena stipoides Ranunculus reflexus Carex solandri Oplismenus hirtellus Ranunculus urvilleanus Carex virgata Petalochilus chlorostylus Rhabdothamnus solandri Collospermum hastatum Phormium tenax Rubus australis Cordyline australis Poa anceps Rubus cissoides Cordyline pumilio Pterostylis agathicola Schefflera digitata Corybas trilobus Pterostylis banksii Solanum americanum Corybas oblongus Pterostylis brumalis Sophora chathamica Cyperus ustulatus Pterostylis graminea Streblus heterophyllus Cyrtostylis oblonga Pterostylis trullifolia Syzygium maire Dianella nigra Rhopalostylis sapida Vitex lucens Drymoanthus adversus Ripogonum scandens Wahlenbergia violacea Earina mucronata Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Weinmannia silvicola Eleocharis acuta Schoenus tendo Epilobium pallidiflorum Schoenus maschalinus Monocotyledons Freycinetia banksii Thelymitra aemula Acianthus sinclairii Gahnia lacera Thelymitra longifolia Astelia grandis Gahnia pauciflora Typha orientalis Astelia solandri Gahnia setifolia Uncinia banksii Astelia trinervia Gahnia xanthocarpa Uncinia uncinata Baumea rubiginosa Isachne globosa Uncinia zotovii Baumea tenax Isolepis cernua Winika cunninghamii Bulbophyllum pygmaeum Isolepis prolifer Carex dissita Isolepis reticularis Carex flagellifera Juncus edgariae Acknowledgements To the Landowners and Pam and Dave Hubbard for allowing our group to visit this remnant. Thanks to Tawharanui Regional Park Staff (Colin, Maurice, Rob especially) for their help and support throughout. Ewen Cameron and Maureen Young for help with collating this article. References Auckland Regional Council (1992) Tawharanui Regional Park Management Plan., 1 edition. Auckland Regional Council, Auckland. Keen, A. C. (2003) Spatial and Temporal patterns of succession in freshwater wetlands on Tawharanui Peninsula. Unpublished M.Sc. thesis, University of Auckland. Marshall, F. (2002) First Auckland Regional Authority farm manager at Tawharanui. Mitchell, N.D.; Campbell G.H.; Cutting M.L.; Ayres B.D.; Hilton M.; Slaven D. (1992) Rodney Ecological District – Survey report for the Protected Natural Areas programme 1983-84 Auckland, Department of Conservation. Murdoch, G.J. (1991) A history of the human occupation of the Tawharanui Regional Park (Draft Only) Auckland, Auckland Regional Council - Regional Planning Department. Myers, S.; Jamieson A. (2003) Ecological report on Hubbard's Bush, Tawharanui Peninsula. Auckland, Auckland Regional Council. * Field Trip: Bartlett’s Forest, Bankside Road, Silverdale . 16/07/05 Mike Wilcox The Bot Soc had a well-attended trip to this property MacArthur, John Millett, Cara Nicholson, Douglas on 16 July 2005. Those who came were: Enid Asquith, Nicholson, Ros Nicholson, Isis Oliver, Colleen Pilcher, Paul Asquith, Vera Bartlett, Ross Beever, Daphne Helen Preston-Jones, Juliet Richmond, Caren Blackshaw, Quentin Blackshaw, Jim Budd, Ewen Shrubshall, Collin Smith, Jean Smith, Alison Wesley, Cameron, Lisa Clapperton, Bruce Clunie, Leonie Clunie, Mike Wilcox, Maureen Young. Nigel Clunie, Brian Cumber, Alan Esler, Sarah Gibbs, Leslie Haines, Ken Haydock, Chris Inglis, Alistair * This paper is dedicated to the memory of Frank W. Bartlett (1896-1979). 56 Fig. 1: Enjoying lunch Bartlett’s Forest of approx. 7 ha lies adjacent to a Nematoceras triloba (syn. Corybas trilobus), mangrove-lined tributary (Kauri Creek) of the Orewa Orthoceras novae-zeelandiae, Petalochilis alatus (syn. River. It is part of the property originally known as Caladenia carnea var. exigua, Caladenia alata), “Bankside”, first occupied by John and Martha Blake in Petalochilus bartlettii (syn. Caladenia carnea var. 1860, early settlers of the Wade (Silverdale) district. bartlettii, Caladenia bartlettii), Plumatochilos Henry William Bartlett married Caroline Blake and tasmanicum (syn. Pterostylis tasmanica), Prasophyllum moved to the property in 1908. Their son Frank colensoi, Pterostylis graminea, Singularybas oblongus Bartlett (1896-1979) returned to live there in 1919 (syn. Corybas oblongus), Thelymitra carnea, after war service in France, and the "Bankside" house Thelymitra aff. ixioides, Thelymitra longifolia, is presently occupied by daughter Vera Bartlett. Since Thelymitra pulchella and Thelymitra tholiformis. 2000 much of the land, including the forest, has been Korthalsella (on manuka), and also Schizaea fistulosa owned by Cabra Developments Ltd of Orewa. were recorded during a Bot Soc trip to the site in 1966 (Horsman 1966). Botanists T.L. Lancaster, H.H. Allan, The property is botanically significant for two reasons. Lucy Cranwell, Lucy Moore, Arthur Healy, Bruce Irwin In the 1920s to 1940s, Frank Bartlett (Bartlett 1948) and Alan Esler also visited several times or were in undertook detailed botanical studies of his land, much contact with Frank Bartlett about plant identifications of which at that time was still largely gumland scrub. (Godley 1995). Orchid specialist Dan Hatch was a regular visitor, and together they collected and recorded the rich native Mention should be made of the several unique flora of the area. adventive plant records in Flora Volume IV, recorded from Silverdale (by F. W. Bartlett, “Bankside”). Several Some plants of particular note then found there were of these were weeds which came up in ground Phylloglossum drummondii, Lycopodiella lateralis, topdressed with Seychelles guano, namely Corunastylis pumila (syn. Prasophyllum pumilum), Achyranthes velutina, Alternanthera pungens, Corybas cheesemanii, Cyrtostylis oblonga, Diplodium Euphorbia hirta, Linaria repens, Moenchia erecta, alobulum (syn. Pterostylis alobula), Gastrodia aff. Phyllanthus amarus Physalis pubescens and sesamoides, Linguella puberula (syn. Pterostylis nana), Stachytarpheta Xadulteriana (Webb et al. 1988). Nematoceras macrantha (syn. Corybas macranthus), 57 Fig. 2 Dan Hatch (left) and Frank Bartlett (right) at “Bankside”, 1949 Fig. 3: Our group at the old shed (built in 1955) at “Bankside”. That’s Alan Esler in front with the stick. Beside him on the right are Colleen Pilcher and Quentin Blackshaw, and on the left Vera Bartlett, Collin Smith, Daphne Blackshaw, and Jean Smith. 58 Planted and regenerated exotic trees are the other (Pomaderris kumeraho), Juncus usitatus, Gahnia outstanding feature of the property, an earlier account xanthocarpa, Baumea tenax, and with Carex virgata of which followed the New Zealand Farm Forestry and Cyperus ustulatus on the stream bank. Association’s visit there on 6 April 1961 (Anon. 1961). Trees in the original (1860) planting appear to have consisted of Eucalyptus pilularis, E. amplifolia, Allocasuarina littoralis, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia armata, and Hakea acicularis. All the original plantings had gone by 1961. Later plantings, possibly dating from c. 1880, were Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus haemastoma, E. saligna, E. globulus, E. obliqua, Cupressus macrocarpa, C. lusitanica, Pinus radiata, P. pinaster and P. pinea (Anon. 1961). In about 1925 several more eucalypts were planted for trial. Today the eucalypts to be seen are E. saligna, E. botryoides, E. haemastoma (E. racemosa according to Ian Brooker – see Wilcox 1998), E. nitens, E. fraxinoides, E. microcorys, E. robusta, E. amplifolia, E. globoidea, E. sieberi, E. propinqua, E. sideroxylon, E. bosistoana and Corymbia haematoxylon. Gums felled in 2000 included E. paniculata and E. oreades. Frank Bartlett and his sons Bob and the late Ken, helped by Collin Smith, regularly felled and milled eucalypts, macrocarpa and blackwoods as they matured, practising the selection system of silviculture which allowed natural regeneration to rapidly occupy the gaps created by felling of individual trees. Timber of “Bankside” Eucalyptus pilularis and E. saligna became sought after, the E. saligna in particular having a very good reputation for its wavy, attractive grain, ease of sawing, and stability in use. It became known as the “Bartlett’s strain” (Wilcox et al 1980; Wilcox 1998). Over the years Frank Bartlett hosted scores of visitors Fig 4: Frank Bartlett, 1979, aged 82 years – mainly farm foresters and botanists – impressed with the amazing mixed forest of mainly Australian timber Although the forest was formerly fenced off from trees. stock, cattle have been free to browse in recent years and have undoubtedly reduced the fern and shrub During our visit we explored the two main blocks of understorey (Jean Smith, pers. comm.). forest. The first was dominated by tall Eucalyptus saligna, with a sprinkling of E. pilularis, some kanuka The second block of forest had a greater diversity of (Kunzea ericoides), and a small area of kauri rickers trees with Eucalyptus pilularis the dominant over most (Agathis australis) with associated tanekaha of the area, but with sizeable stands of mature (Phyllocladus trichomanoides). blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon) and cabbage gum (Eucalyptus amplifolia). The main understorey shrubs were Myrsine australis, Coprosma lucida and Leptocophylla juniperina, and in Other tall trees noted were Acacia mearnsii, Callitris places there was an herbaceous ground cover of rhomboidea, Cupressus lusitanica, Cryptomeria Nertera dichondrifolia, Centella uniflora and japonica, Eucalyptus botryoides, E. globoidea, E. Oplismenus hirtellus. The orchid Corybas cheesemanii microcorys, E. punctata, E. robusta, E. sideroxylon, was discovered in the leaf litter,
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