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National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy

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National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy NATIONAL NEAR-EARTH OBJECT PREPAREDNESS STRATEGY PRODUCT OF THE INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP FOR DETECTING AND MITIGATING THE IMPACT OF EARTH-BOUND NEAR- EARTH OBJECTS (NEOS) (DAMIEN) OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL DECEMBER 2016 About the National Science and Technology Council The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) is the principal means by which the Executive Branch coordinates science and technology policy across the diverse entities that make up the Federal research and development (R&D) enterprise. One of the NSTC’s primary objectives is establishing clear national goals for Federal science and technology investments. The NSTC prepares R&D packages aimed at accomplishing multiple national goals. The NSTC’s work is organized under five committees: Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability; Homeland and National Security; Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education; Science; and Technology. Each of these committees oversees subcommittees and working groups that are focused on different aspects of science and technology. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/nstc. About the Office of Science and Technology Policy The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) was established by the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976. OSTP’s responsibilities include advising the President in policy formulation and budget development on questions in which science and technology are important elements; articulating the President’s science and technology policy and programs; and fostering strong partnerships among Federal, state, and local governments, and the scientific communities in industry and academia. The Director of OSTP also serves as Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and manages the NSTC. More information is available at www.whitehouse.gov/ostp. About the DAMIEN IWG The DAMIEN IWG was convened in January 2016 to consider options to mitigate impacts from NEOs, including detection, characterization, trajectory determination, impact analysis; senior U.S. decision making, international cooperation and communications; long-term and short-term mitigation options, as well as quantification of success and risks from different mitigation options; public outreach, and disaster planning, operations, and recovery. The IWG’s primary goal was to provide focused input, via this National Strategy, into the National Planning Framework called for by the Presidential Policy Directive 8 (PPD-8): National Preparedness (2011). About this Document This document was developed by the Interagency Working Group (IWG) for Detecting and Mitigating the Impact of Earth-bound Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) (DAMIEN). The Strategy seeks to improve our Nation's preparedness to address the hazard of near-Earth object (NEO) impacts by enhancing the integration of existing national and international assets and adding important capabilities that are currently lacking. The Strategy builds on efforts at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to better detect and characterize the NEO population as well as recent efforts at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to prepare for and respond to a NEO impact. The document was published by OSTP. Acknowledgements The DAMIEN IWG would like to acknowledge the staff of the Science and Technology Policy Institute, particularly the efforts of Drs. Bhavya Lal and Benjamin Corbin, and Alyssa Picard. iii Copyright Information This document is a work of the United States Government and is in the public domain (see 17 U.S.C. §105). Subject to the stipulations below, it may be distributed and copied with acknowledgement to OSTP. Copyrights to graphics included in this document are reserved by the original copyright holders or their assignees and are used here under the government’s license and by permission. Requests to use any images must be made to the provider identified in the image credits or to OSTP if no provider is identified. Printed in the United States of America, December 2016. iv Report prepared by NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND AND NATIONAL SECURITY INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP FOR THE DETECTING AND MITIGATING THE IMPACTS OF EARTH-BOUND NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS (DAMIEN) NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL Chair Staff John P. Holdren Afua Bruce Assistant to the President for Science Executive Director and Technology and Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND AND NATIONAL SECURITY Chairs Steve Fetter Staff Associate Director for National Security and Tod Companion International Affairs Department of Homeland Security Office of Science and Technology Policy Reggie Brothers Under Secretary for Science and Technology Department of Homeland Security Stephen Welby Principal Deputy, Assistant Secretary of Defense Research Engineering Department of Defense v DAMIEN MEMBERSHIP Chairs Staff Fred L. Kennedy Victoria Pidgeon Friedensen Senior Policy Advisor for National Security, Space Program Executive, Planetary Defense and Aviation National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Science and Technology Policy Lindley N. Johnson Planetary Defense Officer National Aeronautics and Space Administration James D. Applegate Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey Thomas Breslin Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency Yousaf Butt Department of State Amber Charlesworth Department of State Tod Companion Department of Homeland Security Kenneth Davidian Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration Alvin Drew National Aeronautics and Space Administration Meredith Drosback Executive Office of the President, Office of Science and Technology Policy Jay Falker National Aeronautics and Space Administration Steven Fetter Executive Office of the President, Office of Science and Technology Policy Gerald Fraser National Institute of Standards and Technology Alistair D. Funge U.S. Air Force Strategic Command Kevin Greenaugh Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Ralph Guame National Science Foundation Robert Hanrahan Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Kenneth D. Hodgkins Department of State David Hoppler Department of State Dana Johnson Department of State Leviticus A. Lewis Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency Celinda Marsh Executive Office of the President, Office of Management and Budget Lindsay Millard Department of Defense, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Paul Miller Department of Energy, Lawrence Livermore National Labs Mark Mullholland Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency Timothy Newman Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey Damon Penn Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency Audrey Schaffer Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense Donley Silbaugh Office of the Director of National Intelligence Michael Simpson Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration James Ulvestad National Science Foundation Steve Welby Department of Defense, Office of the Secretary of Defense Damon Wells Office of the Director of National Intelligence vi National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy Table of Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Authority for Creation of the National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy .............................. 5 Implementation of the National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy........................................ 6 Strategic Goals .......................................................................................................................................... 7 Enhance NEO Detection, Tracking, and Characterization Capabilities ................................................. 7 Develop Methods for NEO Deflection and Disruption .......................................................................... 8 Improve Modeling, Predictions, and Information Integration ............................................................. 9 Develop Emergency Procedures for NEO Impact Scenarios ............................................................... 10 Establish NEO Impact Response and Recovery Procedures ............................................................. 111 Leverage and Support International Cooperation .............................................................................. 12 Establish Coordination and Communications Protocols and Thresholds for Taking Action ............. 133 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................... 15 Glossary ....................................................................................................................................................... 16 References .................................................................................................................................................. 18 Abbreviations .............................................................................................................................................. 19 vii National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy Executive Summary The National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy (Strategy) and the forthcoming National Near- Earth Object Preparedness
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