Stencil Guard Spaces” Will Be
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TITLE of Project: I Can Be Warhol OBJECTIVES: The student Will Be Able To: 1. understand that silkscreen prints are printing from MEDIUM: silkscreen or serigraph materials a positive image. 2. successfully plan a print that communicates the BIG IDEA: Collaboration value of simple objects in the world. 3. persuade the viewer to the artist’s point of view as ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How can silkscreen to the importance of the simple objects. printmaking represent society while developing 4. successfully execute the steps in a reduction relief teamwork among artists? printmaking technique (linoleum block). MATERIALS: photo of group of 3 students in 5. define shapes and color harmony within a print. horizontal format, “stamp” image of photo, 6. use negative as well as positive shapes effectively printable transparencies, silkscreen, squeegee, in their prints. silkscreen ink, tracing paper, photo emulsion silk, 7. formulate and share responses to classmates' photo emulsion, 250W light bulb, 8X10 glass, artwork. masking tape, small scraps of mat board, 8. understand and use art vocabulary & concepts. printmaking paper 9X12” STUDIO PROCEDURES: 1. Pick 2 other art students to be in a group of 3. Pose RELATED HISTORIC together and photograph a close-up of your group ARTWORK: with mostly heads showing – horizontal format. From Marilyn (Follow separate instructions for photo prep.) Print this as an 8 X 10 on paper and then again on printable Andy Warhol, 1967, transparency film. Silkscreen/Serigraph 2. Using a sheet of tracing paper placed over the printed image on paper, trace the part of the design that will be one color, making sure you draw in stencil TEKS: All levels of Art, Grades K-12, require guards if your color shape is trapped within a part printmaking in the TEKS. It is located in Section 2: you plan to cut out. It helps to first mark on your Creative expression. The student communicates design where the “stencil guard spaces” will be. ideas through original artworks using a variety of These spaces hold your stencil together without the media with appropriate skills. The student inside parts of your stencil falling off (like the inside expresses thoughts and ideas creatively while challenging the imagination, fostering reflective thinking, and developing disciplined effort and Stencil guard progressive problem-solving skills. spaces SAMPLE OF A ARTWORK: small triangular space of the “A”). Trace all of the Sample Artwork: tracing paper stencils – one piece of tracing paper for each color you will use (you must use at least 3 Us by Ayako, Ivana, colors). and Melani 3. Using an Xacto knife and working on top of a (students at cardboard mat (to keep from cutting the table), cut Marshall HS, 2004) out the area that you want to be inked (make sure you do not cut away your stencil guard spaces). Do DISCUSSION: Go through history and rationale this for each piece of tracing paper…one per color. for Printmaking. Students could watch a video on 4. Get your numbered silkscreen, squeegee, and Warhol’s silkscreen process: backing board making sure the numbers match. With the “right side” of the stencil placed next to the https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNM04- underneath side of the silk part of the screen and mhMgo&list=PL_CXyOtx7w0rZEwhrVllkNK8lUTDP9oLi lining up the pencil drawn boundary of the stencil with the black rectangle drawn on the screen, use tape to tape it to the underneath side. Use rolled up pieces of tape to secure “flopping” areas of the the correct print signing method shown below: stencil to the silk so that they do not move around. 14. After all prints have dried sign them using a 5. Tape completely around all open areas of the pencil and the guide here. The “fraction” part on the outside edge of the stencil to keep ink from leaking left communicates the limit of the edition of prints. outside the design area of your print paper. This sample 1/10 means this is the first print out of an 6. Make sure your print paper lines up with your edition of 10 good prints. stencil when you place it within the L-shaped masking 15. Take part in class critique. Self-evaluate artwork, tape guides which are on the backing board. This is photograph best print and place in digital portfolio. how you register your prints (see vocabulary). CLEAN UP Each person must: 7. Choose one color of ink or mix your own color (mix 1. Carefully remove paper stencil from the silkscreen only what you will use for the 4 prints), and using a frame and throw in the trash without getting ink on plastic spoon, spoon the ink into the top of the anything. silkscreen in a long string along the top edge. 2. Take squeegee and frame to the sink and carefully 8. Using the squeegee held at a 45 degree angle, and thoroughly clean all ink off of all the surfaces. press down with steady pressure and pull the ink Make sure the water is not turned on too strong or it down along the surface of the silk, pressing the ink will splash the ink all over you and the surface of the through the silk in the open areas where the stencil cabinet and wall. Lift up the silkscreen frame and allows it to go through. view it in the light. This will enable you to see if any 9. Using the squeegee, scoop the excess ink up at the ink is still stuck in the holes of the fabric. Keep bottom edge and place it back at the top edge. cleaning (rub the surface carefully with your hands or 10. Lift the screen up and carefully pull out the print sponge) until there is no ink in the holes. Lean the paper, making sure you get no “stray” ink onto the screen and squeegee up next to the wall in the drying outside edges of your print. If you have printed it space (make sure there are newspapers spread on correctly, the color should be in solid areas with no the surface of the cabinet) to let them dry. white paper showing through the color. Clean the 3. Throw all newspapers and scrap papers away that screen and squeegee thoroughly and let it dry before are at your table. applying another color. 4. Clean the surface of the table with a DAMP sponge. 11. Repeat steps 3-5 and 7-10 for your remaining 2 5. Dry the table. colors. Always make sure your registration stays the 6. Dry all water off the floor. same so tape down each new stencil carefully so that 7. Make sure all prints are stored on the drying rack. the registration will be accurate. RELATES TO OTHER CONTENT AREAS: 12. Prepare a loose silk with photosensitive emulsion Math: measuring; engineering involved in a by drizzling a line of photo emulsion around the edge detailed process and using a scrap of mat board to smooth it evenly over the surface of the silk (work together). Hang the Science: the composition of printmaking inks and silk to dry in a dark place. chemicals and their reaction to each other 13. After the photo emulsioned silk is dry, place the VOCABULARY: transparency of your high contrast photo on top of Color Wheel: a circle with different colored sections the prepared silk. Place glass on top to make a tight used to show the relationship between colors and the fit between the photo & the silk. Expose it to the essential elements of mixing color 250W light bulb 14 inches above the surface for 15 Color Scheme: the combination of colors on the color minutes. Using warm wheel implemented by artists, designers, and water, rinse away illustrators the open area not Color Theory: the science and art of color; how we changed by the light perceive color, how we mix color, and the visual bulb. Let the screen effects of specific color combinations dry. Analogous Colors: 3 colors side by side on the color 14. Using black ink, wheel – mimicking the color schemes found in nature squeegee this image Triadic Colors: 3 colors spaced evenly around the onto all 4 copies of color wheels – when linked with a line the lines form the stencil inked a triangle prints. Sign it using Silkscreen (Serigraph): a stencil process in which coloring matter is forced onto the material to be printed through the meshes of a silk or organdy screen so prepared as to have pervious printing areas and impervious nonprinting areas Silkscreen frame: a frame (made of wood or other sturdy substance) with a thin piece of silk or synthetic silk stretched across it Squeegee: a T-shaped tool with a blade of rubber, etc. set across the handle, used to remove liquid from a surface or apply ink Silkscreen Photographic: this printing process uses a light sensitive emulsion applied directly to the silkscreen in order to expose a film positive of the image using a light source Multilayer Silkscreen: the use of multiple cut stencils or photographic silkscreen used with open silkscreens to create a multilayered silkscreen print Stencil: a thin sheet , as of paper or metal, perforated or cut through in such a way that when ink, paint, etc. is applied to the sheet, the patterns, designs, letters, etc. are marked on the surface beneath Film positive: a clear film used for exposing an image onto a silkscreen. The most common types of media used for film positives are inkjet film and vellum paper Register: making sure each color placed on the print lines up with the color already on there Edition: a specified number of prints of the same image PRODUCTION DATES: 2 Days – Cut all stencils, mix & label first color 1 Day (after 1st 2 Days) – Print Color #1 (afterwards 2 students clean while 1 mixes new color) 1 Day (after 1st 3 Days) – Print Color #2 (afterwards, 2 students clean while 1 mixes new color) 1 Day (after 1st 4 Days) – Print Color #3 (2 students clean while 1 prepares photo screen) 2 Days (after 1st 5 Days) – 2 art histories while exposing photo screens st 2 Days (after 1 7 Days) – Print black photo emulsion screen, Prints DUE Silkscreen Photo Instructions The goal is to make a horizontal photograph of you and 2 other classmates and turn it into a stamp-like black and white image.