What Can We Learn About Bromus Genus Preserved in ”Alexandru Beldie” Herbarium?
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Invasive Weeds of the Appalachian Region
$10 $10 PB1785 PB1785 Invasive Weeds Invasive Weeds of the of the Appalachian Appalachian Region Region i TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments……………………………………...i How to use this guide…………………………………ii IPM decision aid………………………………………..1 Invasive weeds Grasses …………………………………………..5 Broadleaves…………………………………….18 Vines………………………………………………35 Shrubs/trees……………………………………48 Parasitic plants………………………………..70 Herbicide chart………………………………………….72 Bibliography……………………………………………..73 Index………………………………………………………..76 AUTHORS Rebecca M. Koepke-Hill, Extension Assistant, The University of Tennessee Gregory R. Armel, Assistant Professor, Extension Specialist for Invasive Weeds, The University of Tennessee Robert J. Richardson, Assistant Professor and Extension Weed Specialist, North Caro- lina State University G. Neil Rhodes, Jr., Professor and Extension Weed Specialist, The University of Ten- nessee ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank all the individuals and organizations who have contributed their time, advice, financial support, and photos to the crea- tion of this guide. We would like to specifically thank the USDA, CSREES, and The Southern Region IPM Center for their extensive support of this pro- ject. COVER PHOTO CREDITS ii 1. Wavyleaf basketgrass - Geoffery Mason 2. Bamboo - Shawn Askew 3. Giant hogweed - Antonio DiTommaso 4. Japanese barberry - Leslie Merhoff 5. Mimosa - Becky Koepke-Hill 6. Periwinkle - Dan Tenaglia 7. Porcelainberry - Randy Prostak 8. Cogongrass - James Miller 9. Kudzu - Shawn Askew Photo credit note: Numbers in parenthesis following photo captions refer to the num- bered photographer list on the back cover. HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE Tabs: Blank tabs can be found at the top of each page. These can be custom- ized with pen or marker to best suit your method of organization. Examples: Infestation present On bordering land No concern Uncontrolled Treatment initiated Controlled Large infestation Medium infestation Small infestation Control Methods: Each mechanical control method is represented by an icon. -
POACEAE) and ALLIES BASED on Nrdna ITS and Trnl-F SEQUENCES
IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 25 (1), 2019 DOI: 10.22092/ijb.2019.124046.1221 AN OVERVIEW OF THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF BROMUS PUMILIO (POACEAE) AND ALLIES BASED ON nrDNA ITS AND trnL-F SEQUENCES Z. Pourmoshir, A. Amirahmadi & R. Naderi Received 2018. 11. 14; accepted for publication 2019. 04. 17 Pourmoshir, Z., Amirahmadi, A. & Naderi, R. 2019. 06. 30: An overview of the phylogenetic relationships of Bromus pumilio (Poaceae) and allies based on nrDNA ITS and trnL-F sequences. Iran. J. Bot. 25 (1): 1-10. Tehran. According to various taxonomic treatments, Bromus has been divided into 8 to 9 sections, subgenera or even separate genera. The relationship of Bromus pumilio (syn.: Boissiera squarrosa) with other species of Bromus has long been a matter of dispute. To clarify this problem, the nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and chloroplast DNA trnL-F sequences for 31 and 28 species respectively were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship and reveal the infrageneric boundaries. Molecular analysis performed by Maximum Parsimony analyses and Bayesian method. The results based on nrDNA ITS show that sects. Bromus, Ceratochloa, Genea, Mexibromus and Neobromus are monophyletic, while the plastid data doesn’t support the monophyly of any sections in the genus Bromus. Evidence based on the nrDNA ITS data doesn’t show any close relationships between B. pumilio (sect. Boissiera) and B. danthoniae or B. lanceolatus (sect. Bromus) and instead robustly supports B. pumilio as the sister group of B. gracillimus (sect. Nevskiella), while in the plastid data B. pumilio is the sister group of a clade comprising B. inermis (sect. -
Oregon City Nuisance Plant List
Nuisance Plant List City of Oregon City 320 Warner Milne Road , P.O. Box 3040, Oregon City, OR 97045 Phone: (503) 657-0891, Fax: (503) 657-7892 Scientific Name Common Name Acer platanoides Norway Maple Acroptilon repens Russian knapweed Aegopodium podagraria and variegated varieties Goutweed Agropyron repens Quack grass Ailanthus altissima Tree-of-heaven Alliaria officinalis Garlic Mustard Alopecuris pratensis Meadow foxtail Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet vernalgrass Arctium minus Common burdock Arrhenatherum elatius Tall oatgrass Bambusa sp. Bamboo Betula pendula lacinata Cutleaf birch Brachypodium sylvaticum False brome Bromus diandrus Ripgut Bromus hordeaceus Soft brome Bromus inermis Smooth brome-grasses Bromus japonicus Japanese brome-grass Bromus sterilis Poverty grass Bromus tectorum Cheatgrass Buddleia davidii (except cultivars and varieties) Butterfly bush Callitriche stagnalis Pond water starwort Cardaria draba Hoary cress Carduus acanthoides Plumeless thistle Carduus nutans Musk thistle Carduus pycnocephalus Italian thistle Carduus tenufolius Slender flowered thistle Centaurea biebersteinii Spotted knapweed Centaurea diffusa Diffuse knapweed Centaurea jacea Brown knapweed Centaurea pratensis Meadow knapweed Chelidonium majou Lesser Celandine Chicorum intybus Chicory Chondrilla juncea Rush skeletonweed Cirsium arvense Canada Thistle Cirsium vulgare Common Thistle Clematis ligusticifolia Western Clematis Clematis vitalba Traveler’s Joy Conium maculatum Poison-hemlock Convolvulus arvensis Field Morning-glory 1 Nuisance Plant List -
Digitalcommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska 1996 Bromegrasses Kenneth P. Vogel University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] K. J. Moore Iowa State University Lowell E. Moser University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub Vogel, Kenneth P.; Moore, K. J.; and Moser, Lowell E., "Bromegrasses" (1996). Publications from USDA- ARS / UNL Faculty. 2097. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2097 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, Lincoln, Nebraska at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published 1996 17 Bromegrasses1 K.P. VOGEL USDA-ARS Lincoln, Nebraska K.J.MOORE Iowa State University Ames, Iowa LOWELL E. MOSER University of Nebraska Lincoln, Nebraska The bromegrasses belong to the genus Bromus of which there are some 100 spe cies (Gould & Shaw, 1983). The genus includes both annual and perennial cool season species adapted to temperate climates. Hitchcock (1971) described 42 bro megrass species found in the USA and Canada of which 22 were native (Gould & Shaw, 1983). Bromus is the Greek word for oat and refers to the panicle inflo rescence characteristic of the genus. The bromegrasses are C3 species (Krenzer et aI., 1975; Waller & Lewis, 1979). Of all the bromegrass species, only two are cultivated for permanent pas tures to any extent in North America. -
Alien Plant Species in the Agricultural Habitats of Ukraine: Diversity and Risk Assessment
Ekológia (Bratislava) Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 24–31, 2018 DOI:10.2478/eko-2018-0003 ALIEN PLANT SPECIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL HABITATS OF UKRAINE: DIVERSITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT RAISA BURDA Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, NAS of Ukraine, 37, Lebedeva Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Burda R.: Alien plant species in the agricultural habitats of Ukraine: diversity and risk assessment. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol. 37, No. 1, p. 24–31, 2018. This paper is the first critical review of the diversity of the Ukrainian adventive flora, which has spread in agricultural habitats in the 21st century. The author’s annotated checklist con- tains the data on 740 species, subspecies and hybrids from 362 genera and 79 families of non-native weeds. The floristic comparative method was used, and the information was gen- eralised into some categories of five characteristic features: climamorphotype (life form), time and method of introduction, level of naturalisation, and distribution into 22 classes of three habitat types according to European Nature Information System (EUNIS). Two assess- ments of the ecological risk of alien plants were first conducted in Ukraine according to the European methods: the risk of overcoming natural migration barriers and the risk of their impact on the environment. The exposed impact of invasive alien plants on ecosystems has a convertible character; the obtained information confirms a high level of phytobiotic contami- nation of agricultural habitats in Ukraine. It is necessary to implement European and national documents regarding the legislative and regulative policy on invasive alien species as one of the threats to biotic diversity. -
Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal the Shady History of C4 Grasses Erika J
Phylogenetic analyses reveal the shady history of C4 grasses Erika J. Edwardsa,1 and Stephen A. Smithb aDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912; and bNational Evolutionary Synthesis Center, Durham, NC 27705 Edited by Michael J. Donoghue, Yale University, New Haven, CT, and approved December 31, 2009 (received for review August 24, 2009) Grasslands cover more than 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface, has provided a strong selection pressure for C4 evolution in and their rise to dominance is one of the most dramatic events of eudicots (4). Grasses have long been viewed as an interesting biome evolution in Earth history. Grasses possess two main photo- exception to this pattern (9). Significant positive correlations synthetic pathways: the C3 pathway that is typical of most plants between C4 grass abundance and growing season temperature and a specialized C4 pathway that minimizes photorespiration and have been documented at both continental and regional scales thus increases photosynthetic performance in high-temperature (10–13); C4 grasses dominate tropical grasslands and savannas and/or low-CO2 environments. C4 grasses dominate tropical and but are virtually absent from cool-temperate grasslands and subtropical grasslands and savannas, and C3 grasses dominate the steppes. Furthermore, both experimental measurements of world's cooler temperate grassland regions. This striking pattern photosynthetic light use efficiency (termed “quantum yield”), has been attributed to C4 physiology, with the implication that the and predictions of leaf models of C3 and C4 photosynthesis evolution of the pathway enabled C4 grasses to persist in warmer provide strong evidence that C4 grasses outperform C3 grasses at climates than their C3 relatives. -
1 Supplementary Information for Invasive Grasses Increase
Supplementary Information For Invasive grasses increase fire occurrence and frequency across U.S. ecoregions Emily J. Fusco1*, John T. Finn2, Jennifer K. Balch3,4, R. Chelsea Nagy3, Bethany A. Bradley1,2 Affiliations: 1 Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts- Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA 2 Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts- Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA 3 Earth Lab, University of Colorado- Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA 4 Department of Geography, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA Correspondence to: [email protected] This PDF file includes: Figure S1 Tables S1 to S4 SI References 1 www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1908253116 Supplemental Table S1: A list of 176 non-native invasive grass and other graminoid species as listed by the Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States (1). For each species, we conducted a Web of Science (WOS) search and recorded whether there was literature suggesting the species altered fire regimes (Yes/No). For each fire promoting species in WOS, we supplemented our determination of whether that species was a fire promoter using the Fire Effects Information System (FEIS; 2). For each species designated as a fire promoter, we searched for available spatial data, and kept only species that were both fire-promoting with spatial data for our analysis. Final species used are highlighted in yellow. WOS FEIS Fire Data Keep for Scientific Name Common Name(s) Search Database Promoter Available Analysis Achnatherum punagrass No - No - No brachychaetum Godr. Barkworth Aegilops cylindrica Host jointed goatgrass No - No - No Aegilops ovate goatgrass No - No - No geniculata Roth Aegilops triuncialis L. -
Fire Ecology, Forest Dynamics, and Vegetation Distribution on Square Butte, Chouteau County, Montana
Fire Ecology, Forest Dynamics, and Vegetation Distribution on Square Butte, Chouteau County, Montana Prepared for: U.S. Bureau of Land Management Lewistown District Office By: Elizabeth Crowe Montana Natural Heritage Program Natural Resource Information System Montana State Library January 2004 Fire Ecology, Forest Dynamics, and Vegetation Distribution on Square Butte, Chouteau County, Montana Prepared for: U.S. Bureau of Land Management Lewistown District Office Agreement Number: ESA010009 - Task Order #17 By: Elizabeth Crowe © 2004 Montana Natural Heritage Program P.O. Box 201800 • 1515 East Sixth Avenue • Helena, MT 59620-1800 • 406-444-5354 ii This document should be cited as follows: Crowe, E. 2004. Fire Ecology, Forest Dynamics, and Vegetation Distribution on Square Butte, Chouteau County, Montana. Report to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Lewistown District Office. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, MT. 43 pp. plus appendices. iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Square Butte is a singular landscape feature of types (41%) and two woodland (forest- southern Chouteau County in central Montana, an shrubland-grassland-rock outcrop) complexes eroded remnant of Tertiary volcanic activity. Most (43%). Pure shrubland and herbaceous habitat of the land area on the butte is managed by the U. types are a minor component (9%) within the S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land ACEC boundary. Management (BLM) and has been designated an Area of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC). The primary stochastic ecological disturbance The BLM partnered with the Montana Natural process on Square Butte is wildfire. The Heritage Program to conduct a survey of vegetation map (Figure 7) produced portrays the biological resources there, focusing on vegetation distribution of vegetative communities and units distribution and fuel loads in forested stands. -
And Mission Blue Butterfly Populations Found at Milagra Ridge and the Mission Blue Butterfly Population at Marin Headlands Are Managed by the GGNRA
San Bruno Elfin Butterfly (Callophrys mossii bayensis) and Mission Blue Butterfly (Icaricia icarioides missionensis) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation Photo by Patrick Kobernus: Adult male mission blue butterfly. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Field Office U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Sacramento, California February 2010 5-YEAR REVIEW San Bruno Elfin Butterfly (Callophrys mossii bayensis) and Mission blue butterfly (Icaricia icarioides missionensis) I. GENERAL INFORMATION Purpose of 5-Year Reviews: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) is required by section 4(c)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) to conduct a status review of each listed species at least once every 5 years. The purpose of a 5-year review is to evaluate whether or not the species’ status has changed since it was listed (or since the most recent 5-year review). Based on the 5-year review, we recommend whether the species should be removed from the list of endangered and threatened species, be changed in status from endangered to threatened, or be changed in status from threatened to endangered. Our original listing of a species as endangered or threatened is based on the existence of threats attributable to one or more of the five threat factors described in section 4(a)(1) of the Act, and we must consider these same five factors in any subsequent consideration of reclassification or delisting of a species. In the 5-year review, we consider the best available scientific and commercial data on the species, and focus on new information available since the species was listed or last reviewed. -
Taxonomic Revision of Blumeria Based on Multi-Gene DNA Sequences, Host Preferences and Morphology
Mycoscience: Advance Publication doi: 10.47371/mycosci.2020.12.003 Full Paper (Received July 3, 2020; Accepted December 9, 2020) J-STAGE Advance Published Date: March 13, 2021 Full paper Taxonomic revision of Blumeria based on multi-gene DNA sequences, host preferences and morphology Miao Liua,d,*, Uwe Braunb,d, Susumu Takamatsuc, Sarah Hambletona, Parivash Shoukouhia, Kassandra R. Bissona, Keith Hubbarda a Biodiversity and Bioresources, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0C6, Canada. b Martin Luther University, Institute of Biology, Department of Geobotany, Herbarium, Halle (Saale) 06099, Germany. c Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan. d First two authors should be considered as havingPublication equal contribution. *Corresponding author email: [email protected] Text: 61 pages; tables: 1; figures: 9 Supplemental materials: 4 Supplementary Figures, 1 Supplementary Appendix text Advance - 1 - Mycoscience: Advance Publication ABSTRACT A taxonomic revision of the hitherto monotypic genus Blumeria was conducted incorporating multi-gene sequence analyses, host preference data and morphological criteria. The sequenced loci included rDNA ITS, partial chitin synthase gene (CHS1), as well as fragments of two unnamed orthologous genes (Bgt-1929, Bgt-4572). The combined evidence led to a reassessment and a new neotypification of B. graminis s. str. (emend.), and the description of seven additional species, viz. B. americana sp. nov. (mainly on hosts of the Triticeae), B. avenae sp. nov. (on Avena spp.), B. bromi-cathartici sp. nov. (on Bromus catharticus), B. bulbigera comb. nov. (on Bromus spp.), B. dactylidis sp. nov. (on Dactylis glomerata as the main host, but also on various other hosts), B. -
Allozyme Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships Among Diploid Annual Bromes (Bromus, Poaceae)
Ann. Bot. Fennici 35: 123–130 ISSN 0003-3847 Helsinki 30 June 1998 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 1998 Allozyme diversity and phylogenetic relationships among diploid annual bromes (Bromus, Poaceae) Tatjana Oja & Vello Jaaska Oja, T. & Jaaska, V., Institute of Zoology and Botany, University of Tartu, Riia 181, Tartu, EE-2400, Estonia Received 14 October 1997, accepted 11 March 1998 Phylogenetic relationships and genetic differentiation among eleven diploid annual brome species were evaluated by cladistic and phenetic analysis of the allozyme diversity of eight enzymes detected by PAGE. All species lacked heterozygous allozyme pheno- types, indicating prevalent autogamy and self-fertilization. Bromus japonicus Thunb. and B. squarrosus L. had the same allozymes, supporting their close genetic affinity. The placement of B. pumilio (Trin.) P. M. Smith in its own section Boissiera (Hochst. ex. Steudel) P. M. Smith was supported by its basal position in a separate clade. Mor- phologically uniform B. intermedius Guss. was the most polymorphic species, reveal- ing six isoenzyme lineages. The diploids of the section Genea Dum. were distinguished in a separate cluster on both cladistic and phenetic allozyme trees. Key words: Bromus, isoenzymes, phylogenetic relationships, Poaceae, taxonomy INTRODUCTION dependent taxonomic unit. She noted that there is a continuous range of variation between section Bromus L. (Poaceae) is a taxonomically complex Bromus and section Genea via the B. pectinatus genus with about 130 species of annual and per- Thunb. complex of section Bromus. This com- ennial, diploid and polyploid brome grasses of plex was suggested in order to link the Genea spe- wide geographic distribution in Eurasia, North and cies with the section Bromus through the diploid South America, Africa and Australia. -
First Record of Eriochloa Villosa (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and Notes on Its Distribution and Agricultural Impact in Central Europe
BioInvasions Records (2020) Volume 9, Issue 1: 8–16 CORRECTED PROOF Research Article First record of Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and notes on its distribution and agricultural impact in Central Europe Swen Follak1,*, Michael Schwarz2 and Franz Essl3 1Institute for Sustainable Plant Production, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria 2Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria 3Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author e-mails: [email protected] (SF), [email protected] (MS), [email protected] (FE) *Corresponding author Citation: Follak S, Schwarz M, Essl F (2020) First record of Eriochloa villosa Abstract (Thunb.) Kunth in Austria and notes on its distribution and agricultural impact in Eriochloa villosa is native to temperate Eastern Asia and is an emerging weed in Central Europe. BioInvasions Records 9(1): Central Europe. Its current distribution in Central Europe was analyzed using 8–16, https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2020.9.1.02 distribution data from the literature and data collected during field trips. In 2019, E. Received: 6 September 2019 villosa was recorded for the first time in Austria. It was found in a crop field in Accepted: 28 November 2019 Unterretzbach in Lower Austria (Eastern Austria). So far, the abundance of E. villosa in the weed communities in Austria and the neighboring Czech Republic is low and Published: 21 February 2020 thus, its present agricultural impact can be considered limited. However, in Romania Handling editor: Quentin Groom and Hungary, the number of records of E.