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The Trezevant Family in America Has Been to Me a Labor of Love, and an Agreeable Employ­ Ment for Idle Hours During the Past Eighteen Years

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The Trezevant Family in America Has Been to Me a Labor of Love, and an Agreeable Employ­ Ment for Idle Hours During the Past Eighteen Years THE TREZEVANT FAMILY IN THE UNITED STATES From the date of the arrival of Daniel Trezevant, Huguenot, at Charles Town, South Carolina, in 1685, to the present date BY JOHN TIMOTHEE TREZEVANT COLUMBIA, s. C. PRINTED FOR J. T. TREZEVANT BY THE STATE COMPANY 1914 <J--L--f- ~ ........,.....~.,,,,.,,,,_.~ff......_._.. ______ ~ - ~ ,,-,..,,f. 1·,,. 1 r:tu_ OJLA_ ~ ~,,- C:◄ _,__. 0 . ~ ~ ~~ .._ ;1_--~ t;,-/~ f ll--<!...-LLA ~_-_~~- -/ -LJ: ....:--c....~:_:.-..... (...L,.A.~~~, ~--c-,,&,,"""- /..&. ~ ~ ~- ~-~~-~ ' ~~~ ~-e ~-~~ t;;:-1:IJ2_ ~,.ZJt -~ ~~A~ ~,1-~A ~ ~---~ ~ ~ ~~~'-- o...t:: Re.__: ~f - +~ ~ 7A~ .1..-~_ R;;-a..;~4--; ~----- ~ ~~...._ ~ 1 ~ ~/~j,,"'11 ,~--~ - ~Jr ~c..Ali..- - j 6t ---- - ~ ' r--- ~ ,4e ~~--..... ~~- f- £PG_ ~ ,-¥-'-~ , _ ~l f-----~,<_..c-, >.~LU~• .,," ~ J ~.,--1,1,'I ~ ~--~- ~ efi; al- ~__,__ ..>7 / 3/120~~~~~ /I h~~I~ . I PREFACE This somewhat sketchy account of the Trezevant family in America has been to me a labor of love, and an agreeable employ­ ment for idle hours during the past eighteen years. My investi­ gations included a journey to Maintenon, the French village from whence the family fled to America. I found that during the wars of the French Revolution all records, civil and religious, of that immediate section were entirely destroyed, and in consequence the oldest records of the family available commence in the year 1685 at Charleston, S. C., with the signature of Daniel Trezevant affixed to his oath of allegiance to King James. While I have made free use of all historical data available, this record could not have been completed but :for- the invaluable aid rendered me by Mr. A. S. Salley, Jr., formerly Secretary of South Carolina Historical Society, now Secretary of the Histori­ cal Commission of South Carolina. His intimate knowledge of the genealogy of many of the Huguenot families of South Caro­ lina, his love of and untiring zeal in the prosecution of genealogi­ cal studies, has entitled him to the thanks of all who are inter­ ested in the preservation of histories of Huguenot families of South Carolina. I dedicate this little work to my daughter, Eva Whitthorne Trezevant, just now entering into womanhood, with the hope that when she is old enough to appreciate the value of a grandfather, the contemplation of six generations of honorable ancestors will develop a fine sense of "noblesse oblige." For all these years since 1685 the women of the family have been gentlewomen, and the men have borne an honorable and conspicuous part in the life of their day, whether as planters, lawyers, judges, physicians, clergymen, merchants or politicians, and as soldiers have shed their blood in every war. I feel that I can be justly proud of a family that for this length of time has lived along lines of the best traditions of democracy and wrought to its full strength in the upbuilding of a nation which promises more of freedom and happiness than mankind has enjoyed since the dawn of time. JOHN TIMOTHEE TREZEVANT. Dallas, Texas, October 1, 1914. FOREWORD It is not my intention in this brief article to repeat the history of Protestantism in France, nor to review at length the events which preceded the massacre of Saint Bartholomew, nor to detail the events from that day of horrible bloodshed to the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Suffice it to say that on August 24, 1572, which was St. Bartholomew's Day, took place that dreadful mas­ sacre which has retained a prominent place in history as "The Massacre of St. Bartholomew's". Inspired by the malignant hate of the Queen Mother (Catharine de Medici) King Charles IX finally yielded to her importum Lies and agreed to the massacre. Admiral Coligny, the greatest living Protestant of that date ( outside of some of the reigning princes) was slain. All the . chief Huguenots were murdered. The slaughter was of such magnitude as is almost impossible to conceive of from the stand­ point of the civilization of the twentieth century. Then followed twenty years of the Wars of the League, as the four civil wars of that period were called, with Henry of Navarre as the nominal head of the Protestant religionists, a large portion of whom in France were Huguenots. Henry of Navarre, in 1593, finding tliat he could never achieve his highest aim (King of France) as a Huguenot, avowed Catholicism. Immediately he became the favorite of all France, especially of Paris. Naturally the Hugue­ nots became somewhat lukewarm, and in April, 1598, he issued the famous Edict of Nantes, which secured to the Huguenots their position of li~rty for the next ninety years. They got toleration of their opinions, might worship openly in all places ( except a few small towns), were qualified to hold office in financial posts, and in the law, had a Protestant chamber in the parliament, and were given, peacefully, rights such as they had not known prior to that time, except by force. Over twenty-five years before the revocation of this edict ~uis XIV, under the ~rtful tutelage of Madame de Maint.enon, and the more fanatical of the Romish clergy, began a series of persecutions which are incomprehensible at this distance, and which finally culminated in the revocation of this edict which gave comparative freedom to the Protestants. Decree after decree was issued by Louis XIV, each being more 6 restrictive of the privileges then-enjoyed by the Huguenots. As early as 1662, twenty-three out of the twenty-five churches on the border of Switzerland, where the Protestants comprised a majority of the population, were shut up by order of the court. By edict, employments which hitherto had furnished them sup­ port were denied them, and they were excluded successively from all civil and municipal charges, from being receivers of taxes, officers of mints, magistrates, notaries, advocates, the professions were ·commanded t-0 repell them, they were forbidden to practice as physicians or surgeons, or t-0 exercise the functions of printers, booksellers, etc. In 1681 the Council of State suppressed the Protestant Academy which Coligny had founded at Chatillon­ sur-Loing; and the more famous academy of Sedan, which had been founded by Henry IV. In 1684 the academy of Die was suppressed. In January of the next year, the academy of Saumur, "a torch" that had "illuminated all Europe" for eighty years, was extinguished. The last of these Protestant seats of learning, the academy of Montauban, ceased to exist by an order of the Council dated the fifth of March, 1685. Then came the revocation o:f the Edict of Nantes, which was but the :finishing stroke of a policy that had been pursued with marvelous stead­ iness for a quarter of a century. The licentious and bigoted Louis was evidently seeking to atone for the sins of his scandalous life, and to expiate his many crimes as well of omission as commis­ sion, by the massacre of the Protestant subjects, who were to him (under the influence of a venal priesthood) rank heretics whom to exterminate would be an act pleasing to God. The revocation of that edict alarmed all Protestant Europe and created con­ sternation throughout' France. The great historian, Macaulay, says of this event: "The final blow struck, the Edict of Nantes was revoked in October, 1685, and a crowd of decrees against Protestants appeared in rapid succession, boys and girls were torn from their parents and sent to convents to be educated in the Romish faith; Calvinistic ministers were commanded to abjure their religion or quit the country within a fortnight. The other professors of the reformed faith were forbidden to leave the kingdom, and to prevent their escape the seaports and frontiers were strictly guarded; but despite all this vigilance there was a vast emigration. It was estimated that within a few months fifty thousand Protestant families left France forever. Generally persons of industry, intelligence and austere morals, 7 many eminent in war, science, literature and art, and a very large percentage of gentle blood." In Baird's history of the Huguenot immigration to America, we :find a large number of names that have since become famous in American history. These Huguenots, particularly those who settled on the upper Atlantic coast, were from in and about the city of La Rochele, the stronghold for two centuries of Protiest­ antism in France. Amongst them we particularly note the names of Jay, Boudoin, Faneuil, Papin, Lucas, L'Hommedieu, Peron­ neau, Boudinot, Gallaudet and others, who settled in the middle and New England States. A distinguished writer has stated that the blood of the French Protestants in America mingles with the French and Scotch strains in the lineage of four presidents of the United States; it supplied New Amsterdam with its first governor, Peter Minuit; it gave Puritanism John Alden and the maiden Priscilla; it contributed to the Revolutionary cause the modest and masterful Marion, the "swamp fox" of the Carolinas ; the polished Laurens, the old hero, General Herkimer, and the first American jurist, John Jay. Two of the five American Com­ missioners who signed the treaty of Paris, which brought peace t-0 the colonies with the recognition of their independence, were of Huguenot lineage. And when from far Transvaal the Boers sent a dele~tion to negotiate a pact with the French Republic, every commissioner was a Huguenot by origin. Three of the nine presidents of the Old Congress which conducted the United States through the Revolutionary War were descendants of French Protestant refugees, who had migrated to America in consequence of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. These were Laurens of South Carolina, John Jay of New York, and Elias Boudinot of New Jersey.
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