Kennesaw Driving Tour

Covering the area from Cartersville to Mableton and the events which occurred in May and June, 1864 including New Hope Church, Pickett’s Mill, Dallas, Mountain, Kennesaw Mountain, Powder Springs, Smyrna, and Mableton. 2 Kennesaw Driving Tour

1st Printing – MAY 2010 1/0/2/0

Published by:

Eastern Digital Resources

5705 Sullivan Point Drive

Powder Springs, GA 30127

http://www.researchonline.net

EMAIL: [email protected]

Tel. (803) 661-3102 Kennesaw Driving Tour 3

Introduction

This site and the books and CD-ROMS we produce are dedicated to telling the story of the men who fought at Kennessaw. While many accounts have been written of the battle, this site takes a different approach, telling the story of the battle in the words of the men who were actually there. It gives accounts of the events which occurred in May and June, 1864 including New Hope Church, Pickett’s Mill, Dallas, Pine Mountain, Gilgal Church, Lost Mountain, Kolb’s Farm, Kennesaw and Cheatham Hill.

This interactive tour includes over 200 sites identified in the greater Marietta area. You may choose to visit only the Civil War related sites or include such world famous and important landmarks as the “Big Chicken.”

The Kennesaw Mountain corridor covers an area that is 30 miles wide and 60 miles long encompassing more than 1500 miles. While you can traverse the area in an afternoon, the breadth and depth of resources for detailed study of this area and the events which occurred here can bring a lifetime of enjoyment.

“Points of Interest” files for both Garmin and Tom-Tom GPS devices make the driving tour fun and easy to navigate the more than 1,500 square miles which encompassed the battles and skirmishes in north Georgia in June of 1864 that culminated in the battle of Kennesaw Mountain.

The database which is the heart of this innovative product includes the full text of all the Historical Markers in the area along with the GPS coordinates allowing you to do a virtual tour using Google Earth and compare current and period photographs side by side. It also links to on-line sites and books including local histories and first hand accounts all linked by the GPS coordinates so you can enjoy the “We Were There” accounts in a way never before possible.

This driving tour is best used in conjunction with the book / CD “We Were at Kennesaw” which are available on our web site at http://www.tourkennesaw.com.

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How to Use this CD-ROM

This CD-ROM includes “Points of Interest” files for the Garmin, Tom-Tom, and other popular GPS devices. You should load the one needed for your device and follow the directions to find each of the sites.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 5

The Atlanta Campaign

0000002 - Overview

Along the way from the Etowah River south of Cartersville to the Chattahoochee River north and west of Atlanta we've featured over 200 other sites relating to the Civil War and another 50 or so of general historical interest. All have the GPS coordinates so you can locate the exact spot the event occurred and many feature Historical Markers.

6 Kennesaw Driving Tour

The Principle Sites

Museums and other sites:

You can pick up the tour at any point, or make your own itinerary, Generally the sites are organized north to south and from west to east.

• The Big Chicken - 1970 N. Cobb Parkway - Marietta

• The Marietta Confederate Cemetery - 381 Powder Springs Street - Marietta

• The Marietta National Cemetery - 500 Washington Ave. - Marietta

• The Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History - 2829 Cherokee Street - Kennesaw

• The Marietta Museum of History - 1 Depot Street - Marietta

• The Gone With the Wind Museum - 18 Whitlock Avenue - Marietta

• The Georgia Military Institute - 500 Powder Springs Street SE, Marietta

• Camp McDonald - Cobb Parkway NW (U.S. 41) north of Dobbs Drive Kennesaw Driving Tour 7

Battles:

• New Hope Church

• Pickett's Mill

• Dallas

• Pine Mountain

• Lost Mountain & Gilgal Church

• Noonday Creek

• Kennesaw Mountain

• Pigeon Hill

• Cheatham Hill

8 Kennesaw Driving Tour

• Kolb's Farm

Kennesaw Driving Tour 9

0000020 - The Big Chicken

After months of evading tactics and flanking movements and under increasing pressure from Lincoln and Grant, William Tecumseh Sherman, commander of the Union forces was heard to say,

Tell General Grant, goddammit, I'm not afraid to fight.

And so he wasn't, and to prove his machismo, here at Kennesaw he sacrificed 5,000 of his men in one morning, June 27, 1863.

One hundred years later in 1863, on this spot, a Southern Gentleman, S. R. Tubby Davis, owner of a greasy spoon diner, Johnny Reb's Chick, Chuck and Shake constructed this Big Chicken in the shadow of Kennesaw Mountain as a monument to Sherman's Finest Nightmare.

Today, The Big Chicken is a local landmark and is generally used locals to tell any visiting yankees where to go.That's my story and I'm sticking to it.

0000030 - The Marietta Confederate Cemetery - 381 Powder Springs Street - Marietta

This Cemetery is the final resting place of 3,000 Confederate Soldiers.

The graveyard was established in 1863 on the then-outskirts of town next to the Old Marietta Cemetery, which in turn adjoins Marietta City Cemetery. The first burials were soldiers who died in nearby hospitals and in a severe train wreck nearby. Burials continued during the battle for Kennesaw Mountain three miles north of town, then ended when the town fell.

The people of Marietta refused to inter their dead alongside those of the Union and resumed burying them in the informal Confederate graveyard, with its owner's permission. The burial ground on the Cole property, meanwhile, grew to hold the remains of thousands of Union dead, most of them unknown and relocated from battlefields around northwest Georgia. It became the nucleus for the Marietta National Cemetery.

10 Kennesaw Driving Tour

0000040 - The Marietta National Cemetery - 500 Washington Ave. - Marietta

Originally known as the Marietta and Atlanta National Cemetery, the Marietta National Cemetery was established in 1866 to provide a suitable resting place for the nearly 10,000 Union dead from Sherman’s Atlanta Campaign. Henry Cole, a local merchant who remained loyal to the Union throughout the war, offered land for a burial ground for both Union and Confederate dead. His hope was that by honoring those who had fallen together, others might learn to live in peace. Unfortunately, both sides clung to their bitterness and neither North nor South would accept Cole’s offer toward reconciliation. When this effort failed, 24 acres were offered to General George H. Thomas for use of a national cemetery. In 1867 a second offer of land

Cole was accepted and a subsequent purchase of additional acreage in 1870 brought the cemetery to its present size of a little over 23 acres.Medal of Honor Recipient Private Dennis Buckley

0000050 - The Southern Museum of Civil War and Locomotive History - 2829 Cherokee Street - Kennesaw

0000055 - Wildman's Civil War Surplus

The Best Little War House in Kennesaw

2879 N Main St NW,Kennesaw GA 30144

They carry all sorts of goodies, buttons, books, relics and stuff on the CIVIL WAR, WORLD WAR I, WORLD WAR II, and more. They also carry reproduction uniforms, weapons, canteens, tents, flatware, and whatever else you may need.

0000060 - The Marietta Museum of History - 1 Depot Street - Marietta Kennesaw Driving Tour 11

0000060 - The Marietta Museum of History - 1 Depot Street - Marietta

0000070 - The Gone With the Wind Museum - 18 Whitlock Avenue - Marietta

0000080 - The Georgia Military Institute - 500 Powder Springs Street SE, Marietta

0000090 - Camp McDonald - Cobb Parkway NW (U.S. 41) north of Dobbs Drive

0000090 - Camp McDonald

0001000 - The Great Locomotive Chase

In April 1862 Union raiders stole a locomotive at Big Shanty starting the Great Locomotive Chase through north Georgia and into Tennessee.

0001000 - The Principle Battles

The battle sites are organized

the date of the event.You can pick up the tour at any point

18620412 - Lacy Hotel

On Big Shanty Rd, Kennesaw (Big Shanty), (On the right when traveling west)

them

12 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18620412 - Locomotive General

On Big Shanty Rd (Cherokee Street ), Kennesaw (Big Shanty ), (On the right when traveling west)This Tablet marks the spot at which the

LOCOMOTIVE GENERAL was captured by Andrews Raiders morning of April 12th, 1862

Capt. Jas.J. Andrews , with twenty volunteers from Sill's Brigade, Mitchell's Corps, U.S.A. and a citizen of Kentucky, all dressed as civilians, captured the General at Big Shanty, April 12,1862, while the train crew and passengers were taking breakfast. The purpose of the capture was to destroy the bridges on the Western & Atlantic R.R. , and thereby cut off the Confederate Army from its base supplies. Conductor W.A. Fuller accompanied by Engineer Jeff Cain and Anthony Murphy, Foreman of the W.& A. Shops, commenced pursuit on foot. They soon secured a hand car and in spite of obstructions placed on the track by Andrews Raiders, made rapid progress. They found the engine Yonah at Etowah, and the pursuit then was at such a rapid pace, that serious damage to the railroad by the Raiders was impossible. The General was abandoned by the Raiders on account of lack of fuel and the close pursuit of Conductor Fuller and his party.

Jas.J. Andrews, Flemingsburg Ky.

M.A. Ross, 2nd. Ohio Vol. Inf.

G.D. Wilson, Co. B., - - - - Kennesaw Driving Tour 13

C.P. Shadrach, Co. K., - - - -

J.M. Scott, Co. F., 21st. - - -

S. Slavens, Co. E., 33rd. - - -

S. Robertson, Co. C., - - - -

W.H. Campbell Citizen

Were executed in Atlanta as spies.

Jno. A. Wilson, Co. C., 21st Ohio Vol. Inf.

Mark Wood, Co. C., - - - -

J.R. Porter, Co. C., - - - -

W.W. Brown, Co. F., - - - - 14 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Wm. Knight, Co. E., - - - -

D. A. Dorsey, Co. H., 33rd - - -

Martin Hawkins, Co. A., - - - -

John Wollam, Co. C., - - - -

Escaped from prison and reached the Union Lines.

Wm. Pittenger Co. C 2nd Ohio Vol. Inf.

Jacob Parrott Co. K 33rd - - -

Wm. H. Reddick Co. B - - - -

Rob Buffum Co. H 21st - - -

Wm. Bensinger Co. G - - - - Kennesaw Driving Tour 15

E. H. Mason Co. K - - - -

Were exchanged from Lib

Prison.Prominent among the pursuers were ...... Smith

18620412 - Site - Moon's Station

On Baker Road NW, Kennesaw, (On the left when traveling north)A wood-shed, water-tank, siding & log house. Here, April 12, 1862, the pursuers of the Andrews Raiders [US] - Fuller, Cain & Murphy [CS], acquired a push-car from section foreman Jackson Bond, which carried them 14 mi. down grade to the Etowah River.

Oct. 3, 1864. A Federal stockade, garrisoned by 84 officers & men from the 14th & 15th Ill., was located on the high ground 50 yds. E. of the track.

The stockade was attacked & captured

Reynolds´ brigade

18620412 - The Andrews Raiders at Kingston

On Johnson Street, Kingston, (On the left when traveling north)Apr. 12, 1862. James J. Andrews with 18 Ohio soldiers [US] in disguise, & 1 civilian, having seized the locomotive GENERAL at Big Shanty (KENNESAW) intending to wreck the State R.R., were forced to side track here & wait for the S. bound freights. After a long delay the GENERAL continued N..

16 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Pursuing from Big Shanty, Capt. W. A. Fuller (Conductor), Jeff Cain (Engineer), & Anthony Murphy [CS], -- using a push-car -- reached the Etowah, where the engine YONAH brought them to Kingston; pursuit was resumed on the Rome R.R. locomotive Wm. R. SMITH.;

18640507 - Atlanta Campaign Begins

The Campaign Begins

May 7, 1864

100,000 Federal Troops under Sherman start south from Chattanooga. Joseph E. Johnson with 50,000 Confederates oppose them. Sherman uses flanking movements more than battles to push Confederates back.

18640518 - Johnston's Army at Adairsville

On Poplar Springs Road, Adairsville, (On the right when traveling east)May 18, 1864. The three corps of the Confederate Army, on reaching Adairsville from Resaca, moved by two roads to Cassville. Hood´s & Polk´s corps marched S. on old U.S.41 Highway: Hardee´s corps took direct road to Kingston W. & parallel to the R.R.

Units of Maj. Gen. S.G. French´s div. & Brig. Gen. W.H. Jackson´s Cavalry joined Polk´s corps [CS] here & at Cassville.

The march Kennesaw Driving Tour 17

2 roads was the facilitate troop movement & to divide Sherman´s forces [US] during his advance.

18640519 - Affair at Cassville

On Cassville Road NW, Cassville, (On the right when traveling south)1. On May 19, 1864, Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston tricked Union General William T. Sherman into dividing his forces at Adairsville and sending the XXIII corps under John M. Schofield across the Gravelly Plateau to Cassville.

2. Johnston placed Leonidas Polk's corps behind Two Run Creek northwest of Cassville to oppose Schofield in front as he began crossing the creek.

3. Johnston then sent John B. Hood's corps northward along the Spring Place Road, to ambush Schofield in the left flank as he marched from Adairsville.

4. Edward M. McCook's division of union cavalry was sent to threaten the railroad south of Cassville, and accidentally encountered the rear of Hood's column as it marched northward. Hood, believing he was attacked

a much larger force

18640519 - Gen. Leonidas Polk's Headquarters

On Mac Johnson Road NW, near Cassville, (On the left when traveling north)The William Neal McKelvey residence - 1864. A Council of War held here May 19, discussed the advisability of holding the position E. & S. of Cassville

the Confederate army. Present were: Gen. Joseph E. Johnston; Lt. Gen. Polk; Lt. Gen. John B. Hood;Maj. Gen. S. C. French; & Capt. W.J. Morris

18640520 - Emerson 18 Kennesaw Driving Tour

On Main Street (State Route 293) , Emerson, (On the left when traveling north)Named for Joseph Emerson Brown, Gov. of Ga., 1857-1865, U.S. Senator, 1880-1891. Known as Stegall`s Station prior to 1889; site of the Bartow Iron Works.

May 20, 1864: Gen. Joseph E. Johnston`s forces camped here after retreating from Cassville and burning the highway and R.R. bridges over the Etowah. Having heard that Sherman`s forces had moved southward from Kingston toward Dallas, Johnston resumed his march on roads that converged there, May 23d, 24th.

Allatoona, scene of Oct. 5, 1864, battle, is 2 mi. E.

18640520 - Pettit Creek

On Cassville Road (State Route 293) , Atco, (On the right when traveling south)Johnston’s forces [CS] retreated southward from Cassville along this road, to Allatoona Mountains, south of the Etowah, May 20, 1864.

They were immediately followed by Schofield’s 23d Corps

18640521 - Milam's Bridge

On Euharlee Road, near Cartersville, (On the right when traveling east)The covered structure over the Etowah here, was burned by Jackson´s [CS] Cav. May 21, 1864, the day after Johnston´s [CS] passage of the river at State R.R. Bridge.

May 23rd, the 2 pontoon bridges intended for the passage of Schofield´s 23d A.C. [US] were usurped Kennesaw Driving Tour 19

the 20th A.C. [US] (mistakenly diverted from Gillem´s bridge) and the 23d A.C. did not cross until the 24th.This and crossings lower down were on Federal routes from Kingston & Cassville toward Dallas

18640522 - Etowah and the War

Near State Route Spur 20, near Cartersville, The Confederacy sought iron and munitions eagerly, which quickly brought prosperity to Etowah. Patriotic key workers, though exempt from army duty, enlisted, and loss of their skill hampered production.

Mark Cooper sold the works in 1862. In the 1863, the Confederacy took over the firm seeking to increase production. As Sherman marched in 1864

18640523 - Davis & Dodge at Peek’s Spring

The spring 175 yds. E. was the camping place of Maj. Gen. Grenville M. Dodge’s 16th A.C. of McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee [US], May 23, 1864, enroute from the Etowah River to Dallas, Paulding County. May 24. Brig. Gen. J.C. Davis’ (2nd) div., 14th Corps, Army of the Cumberland [US], camped at the spring, enroute from Rome to Dallas. These troops were part of the right wing of Sherman’s forces, moving to outflank Johnston’s army [CS] at Allatoona. This resulted in 10 days of battle at New Hope Church & Dallas, in Paulding County.

18640523 - Hardee's Corps at Powder Springs

On Powder Springs - Dallas Road SW (State Route 6) , Powder Springs, (On the right when traveling east)May 23, 1864. Lt. Gen. Wm. J. Hardee’s A. C. [CS] marched from Stegall's Station (Emerson), and Etowah River, via New Hope Ch., reaching Powder

Springs afternoon of the 24th.

20 Kennesaw Driving Tour

The corps made this march in advance of Johnston’s forces [CS] to find the rt. flank of Sherman’s army [US] ascertained to be approaching Dallas, Paulding Co., from the W.

Marking time, Hardee moved S.E. to Powder Springs for water. May 25, 3 a. m. the corps counter-marched toward Dallas, there to await orders placing it on the embattled Dallas - New Hope Church line.

18640523 - Hardee's, Hood's & French's H’dq’rs.

May 23: Gen. Wm. J. Hardee’s [CS] headquarters during the march of his Corps from Stegall’s Station (Emerson) to points south. May 24: Gen. John B. Hood [CS] spent night here enroute with his corps from Etowah River to New Hope Church. Oct. 5: Gen. S.G. French, [CS] withdrawing from an abortive attempt on the Federal garrison at Allatoona, stopped here enroute to rejoin Hood’s forces at New Hope Church.

18640523 - Logan’s 15th Corps at Swaintown

May 23, 1864. Maj. Gen. John A. Logan’s 15th A.C. [US], camped here at Euharlee Cr., on the site of old Swaintown while Maj. Gen. G.M. Dodge’s 16th A.C. [US] camped at Peek’s Spring one mile Northwest. These two A.C., comprising McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee, had moved from Woolley’s Bridge, Etowah River, to this vicinity. The next day they marched

Van Wert toward Dallas

18640523 - Lost Mountain Cross-Roads

On Dallas Highway (State Route 120) , near Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)On May 23-24, 1864, Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk's Corps (CS) marched from Allatoona, Bartow Co., to Dallas, Paulding Co., passing Lost Mountain Post Office.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 21

On June 4-5, Polk's Corps withdrew from the Dallas-New Hope front to Lost Mtn., the position here being the Left Flank of Johnston's first Kennesaw Line.

On the 9th, Polk's corps was shifted eastward to the vicinity of New Salem Church north of the Burnt Hickory Rd., where it formed the center of the line. This shift was a necessary move in the extension of Johnston's Line eastward of the State R.R., because of the arrival of the Federal 17th Corps on his right flank.

18640523 - McPherson’s March to Dallas

May 23, 1864. The Army of the Tennessee [US], consisting of Logan’s 15th & Dodge’s 16th A.C., crossed the Etowah River at Woolley's Bridge &

Old Macedonia Church & roads not now existing

18640523 - Old Macedonia Church Organized 1847

On Euharlee Road, near Kingston, (On the right when traveling west)In 1864, a road southward from Wooley´s Bridge (Etowah River) crossed the road near this point and ran to Van Wert (Rockmart) and Dallas.

This was the route of McPherson´s Army of the Tennessee (15th and 16th Corps.), [US] right wing of forces under Sherman moving from Kingston to the Dallas front, May 23, 24.

The church stood at the N.W. angle of the crossroads until another edifice was erected on site of the present structure, 3/4 mile eastward.

18640523 - Raccoon Creek 22 Kennesaw Driving Tour

On Rockmart Highway (State Route 113) , Cartersville, (On the right when traveling west)Geary´s (2d) Div., 20th A.C. [US], having crossed the Etowah, May 23, drove Ross´ cavalry [CS] beyond the creek, May 24, 1864. This covered the march of the rest of the corps S. to Burnt Hickory P.O., in which Geary´s troops joined - being relieved here

Schofield´s 23d A.C. [US] at noon.Schofield moved E. on this

18640523 - Route of Polk’s Corps

On Acworth-Due West Road NW, Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)May 23d, 1864, Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk’s Corps, [CS] marching S. from Allatoona, camped at night in this vicinity enroute to Dallas in Paulding County via Lost Mountain.

This was the left wing of Johnston’s army [CS] which had crossed the Etowah River May 20, & remained at Allatoona until the 23d.

Learning that Sherman’s forces [US] had left Cassville & Kingston for Dallas, Johnston moved S. on parallel roads to checkmate the Federal flanking march -- Hood’s & Hardee’s Corps [CS] marched

the New Hope road four miles west.

18640523 - The March of Hardee’s Corps, May 23-25, 1864

Kennesaw Driving Tour 23

18640523 - William. Nickols House

On Dallas-Acworth Highway NW (State Route 92) , Acworth, (On the right when traveling south)Hardee’s Corps [CS] marched

this road to points S. of New Hope Ch.

18640524 - Henry Lester House

May 24, 25, 1864. Hardee’s corps, of Gen. J. E. Johnston’s army [CS], having marched on the 23rd from Stegall's Station (Emerson), passed this way to Powder Springs, where it camped until 3 a.m. of the 25th, when it counter-marched toward Dallas because of McPherson’s [US] approach to that place. At this time, Hardee’s troops formed the left flank of Johnston’s army. Enroute back to Dallas, Cleburne’s div. of the corps detoured N. from here to the George Darby house (near Macland Rd.) where it halted until ordered forward to New Hope Church that night.

18640524 - Old Burnt Hickory P.O.

May 24, 1864: The 4th, 20th & a div. of the 14th A.C. - Army of the Cumberland [US], enroute from Stilesboro, camped in this vicinity, & on the 25th, marched to New Hope Church. The 23rd Corps [US], at Sligh's Mill, 3 mi. N.E., night of the 24th, moved by Burnt Hickory late afternoon of the 25th & followed the 20th A.C. to the battlefield of New Hope Church. These troops were center & left of Sherman’s flanking march around the Allatoona Mtns. which was checkmated

Johnston’s Confederate Army at New Hope & Dallas.

18640524 - Polk’s Corps at Dallas and New Hope Church

Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk’s corps which had moved from Allatoona as left flank of Johnston’s army [CS] -- via Lost Mtn. & Mt. Tabor Ch. -- reached this vicinity May 24, 1864. After return of Hardee’s A.C. [CS] from Powder Springs (May 25), Polk’s troops formed the center of Johnston’s line facing the Federal lines to the West. When deployed, Polk’s left was at Wigley’s Mill in gap of Ellsberry Mtn.; his center & rt. at & above New Hope Ch. -- a position he held in the 10 days of conflict mostly fought on the left & right of the army. 24 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18640525 - 20th Corps Detours to New Hope Church

One-half mile E. the old road from Burnt Hickory to Dallas joined one leading E., via Pumpkin Vine Bridge, near Owen's Mill, to New Hope Church. May 25, 1864: Geary's (2d), followed by William's (1st) div., 20th A.C. [US], turned E. when assailed by outposts of Hood's A.C. [CS] which had reached New Hope from Allatoona. Pressing forward and reinforced

4th and 23rd A.C.

18640525 - Battle of New Hope Church

Lt. Gen. J. B. Hood’s A.C. [CS], having marched from the Etowah River, reached New Hope Ch., May 25, 1864, in time to halt Gen. J. W. Geary’s (2d) div., 20th A.C. [US], which had detoured near Owens’ Mill enroute to Dallas by New Hope. Checked

Hood’s outposts near the mill

18640525 - Brown's Mill

One-half mi. S.W., on Pumpkin Vine Cr., was the site of Brown’s saw-mill, a landmark during military operations May 25 – June 5, 1964. The 23rd Corps, moving from Sligh’s Mill, Burnt Hickory P.O., and Owens’ Mill, occupied lines on this ridge, facing S.E. from May 26 - June 2, in active support of & in line with the 4th, 14th and 20th Corps (Army Of The Cumberland [US]). These troops faced Hood’s, Polk’s and Hardee’s A.C. (Johnston’s Army of Tennessee [CS]). Two of the notable battles of the Atlanta Campaign were fought near here - - at New Hope Church (2 m. S) May 25th, & at Pickett's Mill (1 mi. S.E.), May 27th.

18640525 - Cross Roads Church

One tenth mi. W. at the intersection of the old Dallas-Acworth & Burnt Hickory rds. -- a key point of Federal military operations at New Hope Church and Dallas. May 25 - June 5, 1864. Hardee’s & Hood’s A.C. [CS] moved this way, S. - Kennesaw Driving Tour 25 from the Etowah River, to New Hope Church, May 24, 25. June 2: the 23d A.C. [US] marched N.E. from Brown’s Mill to this point -- turning S.E., 1.5 mi. to the Foster house. Ensuing operations outflanked the Confederate forces & caused their retreat toward Kennesaw Mt., June 4. June 5: McPherson’s 15th & 16th A.C., [US] leaving the Dallas front June 1, marched

this Church to Acworth

18640525 - Dallas - New Hope Line

Four to six mi. N.E., on State Highway 92 at & near New Hope church, are the battlefield’s of New Hope Church & Pickett’s Mill - two of the notable engagements of the Atlanta Campaign, May 25 & 27, 1864. From a point 2 mi. S. of Dallas, the embattled Confederate & Federal forces, extending N.E. on a 10 mi. front, maintained daily conflict for 10 days, May 25 - June 4. This Paulding County phase of the Atlanta Campaign was incident to Sherman’s flanking operations [US] W. & S.W. of the Allatoona Mtns. Johnston’s forces [CS] held the Federals in this sector until they moved E. to the State R.R.

18640525 - George Darby House Cleburne’s H’dq’rs.

May 25, 1864. Maj. Gen P. R. Cleburne’s div. marched with Hardee’s A.C. [CS} from New Hope Church May 24th, to Power Springs. These troops, the left flank of Johnson’s Army, marched S.E. to find the position of the Federals known to be near Dallas. Recalled from Powder Springs, the corps counter-marched at 3 a.m., May 25th. Enroute back toward Dallas, Cleburne’s div detoured N. from the Henry Lester house & camped at Darby’s until dark, when it was ordered to New Hope Ch. where Hood’s A.C. [CS] had been fighting the 20th A.C. [US] that P.M.

18640525 - Johnston's Headquarters

During the fighting at Dallas, New Hope Church, Pickett’s Mill & elsewhere along the opposing Confederate & Federal lines, General J. E. Johnston [CS] had h'dq'rs at the Wm. Wigley house (which stood near here) May 25 - June 1, 1864. Posey Wigley (10 yr. old son of Wm. & Fanny), later recalled seeing Gen. Johnston at his widowed mother’s house & removal of family & household 26 Kennesaw Driving Tour goods to a place of safety -- hence, Lt. T. B. Mackall's reference to Widow Wigley's deserted house as Johnston’s headquarters (O.R. 38, III, 987).

18640525 - Site of Old Allatoona Church

On County Line Road, Acworth, (On the left when traveling south)Extreme left of Federal line on the Dallas - New Hope front where Johnston’s & Sherman’s forces had been in daily conflict since May 25, 1864.

June 3. Hovey’s (1st) Div., 23d A. C. [US] drove Armstrong’s cavalry [CS] from the road, thereby uncovering right of Confederate line -- Walker’s Div., Hardee’s Corps -- near the Foster house 1 mile, S. W.

Seizure of this road broke the 10-day stalemate & the opposing line shifted East to the Kennesaw front.

18640525 - The Federal Attack on Hood’s Corps

May 25, 1864. Brig. Gen. J.W. Geary’s (2d) div. 20th A.C. [US], deployed in dense woods, N.W., advanced toward this ridge at New Hope Ch. -- (5 p.m.) - supported on his right by Williams’ (1st) & on his left

Butterfield's (3d) divs. - the corps front astride this road. Repeated assaults on Hood’s corps [CS]

18640526 - Davis' Div. at Dallas

May 26, 1864. Brig. Gen. J.C. Davis’ (2d) div. 14th A. C. [US], reached Dallas on this rd. from Bishop’s Bridge (Pumpkin Vine Cr.). These troops left Resaca, Gordon County, May 16, & marched to Rome via a route W. of the Oostanaula River. Leaving Rome, May 24, the command moved Kennesaw Driving Tour 27

Peek’s Spring (at Aragon)

18640526 - Federal Line

Here, the intrenched line held by Maj. Gen. J. B. McPherson’s Army of the Tenn. [US] crossed the road; erected & occupied May 26 & abandoned June 1, 1864. These troops were the right of Federal forces on the Dallas - New Hope Ch. front which had been halted in a flanking move around the Allatoona Mts. by Gen. J. E. Johnston’s forces, deployed to oppose the federal move back to the State R.R.. From lines 4 mi. E., Hardee’s A.C., of Johnston’s Army [CS], faced McPherson. Repeated attempts

Hardee to crush the Federals

18640526 - Left of the Confederate Line

Hardee’s A.C. was on the left of General J.E. Johnston’s line [CS] – Dallas - New Hope front. May 26 - June 4, 1864. Dallas was the southern-most objective of Federal forces in their flanking march around Allatoona. During the Federal occupation of the Dallas - New Hope line, the Confederate forces maintained parallel lines of defense from Dallas to & beyond New Hope Church, which checked [US] Sherman’s shift back to the State R.R. Daily conflict marked the period which ended when Federal thrusts N.E. forced Johnston to retire Eastward.

18640526 - Rt. of Federal Line May 26 -June 1, 1864

May 26, Maj. Gen. John A. Logan’s 15th A.C. [US] was posted on the hills N. & W. of this, the salient angle of the intrenched line. The Federals fought defensively during the 6 days of fighting, climaxed by a concerted assault on the salient

Lt. Gen. Wm. J. Hardee’s A.C. [CS]

18640527 - Battle of Pickett’s Mill 28 Kennesaw Driving Tour

After the successful defense at New Hope Church

Hood’s Corps [CS]

18640528 - The Orphan Brigade at Dallas

May 28, 1864. On ridge W., were the intrenched lines of the 1st div., 15th A.C. & the 2d div., 16th A.C. [US]; beyond ravine E., the lines of Bates div. of Hardee’s corps [CS]. Late afternoon, Lewis’ Ky. (Orphan) & Finley’s Florida brigades, [CS] made a desperate assault across the ravine & scaled the high ground W. - the Orphans in the advance - their losses, 51 per cent because of failure to receive orders to withdraw. This futile attempt

the Ky. Orphans is one of the notable instances of heroism & disaster in the Atlanta Campaign.

18640602 - Dallas - Acworth Road

On County Line Road NW, Acworth, (On the right when traveling north)June 2, 1864. The rt. of Johnston’s Dallas - New Hope line -- a short distance E. of road, was held by Bate’s Div. of Hardee’s Corps [CS] after being pressed back by Fed. 23d A. C.

June 3. Walker’s Div. of Hardee, prolonged Bate’s line N. E., endeavoring to hold the positions, but seizure of road 1.5 mi. N. E.

Hovey’s (1st) Div.

18640602 - Hood & Hardee Withdraw E. to R.R.

On Due West Road NW, Acworth, (On the right when traveling west)June 2-4, 1864. Hood’s A.C. was posted 1 mi. W. & Hardee’s A. C. was aligned along Dallas - Acworth rd., N. 1.5 mi to Burnt Hickory rd. - Confederate center & rt.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 29

These corps withdrew, along with rest of Johnston’s forces [CS], when the Federal 23d A. C. seized the Dallas - Acworth rd. near old Allatoona Ch., 2.5 mi. N. E. June 3.

Hood & Hardee retreated E. along this road June 4, to positions between Lost Mountain & the State R. R.

18640602 - James Foster House

On Burnt Hickory Road NW, Acworth, (On the right when traveling west)On June 2, 1864 pressure on right of Johnston’s line [CS]

23rd A. C. [US] forced the rt. of Hardee’s Corps [CS] E. of the Dallas - Acworth road

18640604 - Polk’s March to Lost Mountain

June 4, 1864. The embattled forces of Gen. J. E. Johnston’s army, [CS] having confronted Sherman’s army [US] on the Dallas-New Hope Church front, since May 25, abandoned the position & shifted eastward because of Sherman’s movement back to the State R.R. Lt. Gen. Leonidas Polk’s corps [CS] held the center of Johnston’s line, at New Hope Church, & in the withdrawal E. from this sector marched

this road toward Lost Mountain

18640605 - Due West Community

On Kennesaw Due West Road NW, near Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling west)Site of Gilgal Primitive Baptist Church, a log structure and prominent landmark during military operations, June 5-17, 1864, in which church was destroyed.

30 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Cleburne’s Div., Confederate, was posted at the ch., the left of Johnston’s line [CS] after the withdrawal of Polk’s corps [CS] from Lost Mtn., June 9. Confronting Cleburne were the 23d A. C. and Butterfield’s (3d) Div., 20th A. C. [US]

Due to pressure on his extended front, Johnston swung Hardee’s Corps [CS] back to the Mud Creek line E. of Sandtown Rd., June 16.

18640605 - Old Sandtown Road

On Due West Road NW, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)1.5 Mi. N.W. is the site of old Gilgal Primitive Baptist Ch. (at DUE WEST) -- a landmark of military operations.

JUNE 5-17, 1864.S.E. along this road Cleburne’s div. of Hardee’s Corps [CS] withdrew from Gilgal to old Marietta Rd. S. of the Darby house, turning E. to ridge beyond Mud Cr.,

JUNE 16.Schofield’s 23d Corps [US] marched S. on this rd. from Gilgal to the Moss house (FLOYD STATION) June 17 - July 2, -- at which time it was the right flank of Sherman’s forces on Kennesaw front.

18640605 - Pine Mountain

On Beaumont Drive NW, near Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)June 10, 1864. The 4th A. C. moved from Mars Hill Ch. to position along this road facing S. toward Pine Mtn.-- highest point between Lost & Kennesaw Mtns. The 14th A. C. was on the left; the 20th on the right.

PIne Mtn. was fortified and held as an outpost of the main Confederate line 1.25 miles S. -- the line that extended from Lost Mtn. to Brushy Mtn. -- June 5-15.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 31

June 14. Generals Johnston, Hardee, & Polk, while observing Federal lines from Pine Mtn., were fired on by 4th & 20th Corps batteries, Gen. Leonidas Polk was killed

a shell.

18640605 - The 4th Corps at Vining’s Station

On Paces Ferry Road NW, Atlanta, (On the right when traveling west)June 5, 1864. When Johnston’s army [CS] withdrew from Smyrna to the river, Howard’s 4th A. C., and Baird's div. (14th A.C.), [US] via highway and R. R. occupied Vining’s. Baird’s troops kept on down the R. R. until halted by Johnston’s River Line. 4th A.C. troops pursued the Confederate wagon trains, escorted by Wheeler’s Cav.

18640606 - Durham House

On Acworth-Due West Road, near Kennesaw, (On the left when traveling north)H’dq’rs of Brig. Gen. Absalom Baird, commanding 3d Div., 14th A. C., Army of the Cumberland, [US] June 6-10, 1864.

Baird’s, together with 1st and 2d divisions, were camped along Proctor’s Cr., E. - a part of the concerted drive on Johnston’s forces [CS] near Kennesaw. Heavy rains halted military movements for several days in this area.

Oct. 9. Baird revisted Durham house enroute to Gaylesville, Ala. in pursuit of Hood’s forces [CS] withdrawing to Tennessee.

18640606 - Federal Occupation of Big Shanty

On Old 41 Highway NW (State Route 293) , Kennesaw (Big Shanty), (On the right when traveling north)After the wide flanking movement W. & S. of Allatoona Mtns., Sherman's forces [US] regained the State R. R., at Acworth, June 6, 1864.June 9. Minty's & Wilder's brigades, Garrard's Cav., with Bennett's 32 Kennesaw Driving Tour section, Chicago Board of Trade Battery, [US] moved S. from Acworth. At Morgan's Hill, they encountered Martin's division of Wheeler's cav. & Benton's brigade. Hood's A.C. Benton & Martin withdrew S. E. to Johnston's 1st defensive line [CS] on the Kennesaw Mtn. front. Big Shanty was occupied & Sherman maintained h'dqr's. here, June 10-24. The 17th A. C. joined McPherson's forces at Acworth, June 6.

18640606 - Peters-Davenport House

On Mars Hill Church Road, Acworth, (On the right when traveling north)Dr. James Peters built his family’s homestead here. The original house was a very early version of a two-room frame structure with two doors and two chimneys. Outbuildings included a barn, well, privy, and summer kitchen. The original rooms had 10 wide, hand-planed boards on the walls and ceilings and 6 wide pine plank flooring secured with cut or hand-wrought nails.

Significant Civil War military events transpired at the house and in the immediate vicinity in 1864. General Oliver O. Howard, Commander of the 4th Army Corps (Federal) made his headquarters in the house from June 6-10, 1864. An attempt to burn the house was made soon after the Federal departure but the timely arrival of a neighbor saved it from destruction.

18640606 - Stilesboro-Sandtown Crossroads

On Acworth-Due West Road, Kennesaw, (On the left when traveling south)From this vicinity was launched the 1st attacks

Sherman’s forces [US] on Johnston’s Kennesaw lines [CS]

18640609 - Robert McAfee House

On Bells Ferry Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)After the seizure of Big Shanty (Kennesaw) Kennesaw Driving Tour 33

Sherman’s forces

18640610 - Davis' Cross Roads

On Burnt Hickory Road NW, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)Site of home of Rev. Gary Davis (1799-1875).

In June 1864, was an outpost of right wing of Sherman´s forces [US], moving from New Hope Church in Paulding Co. toward the State R.R. and the [CS] left flank.

Hardee´s Corps [CS] , on the left, occupied a line at Gilgal Church 1.5 mi. S.E.

June 10, Strickland´s 3d Brigade of Hascall´s 2nd Div. 23d Corps [US], assaulted Cleburne´s Sharpshooters [CS] posted here and on adjacent hill.

After a sharp conflict the [CS] withdrew to the lines near Gilgal Church.

18640610 - Gen. J. E. Johnston’s Headquarters

On Burnt Hickory Road NW, near Marietta, Cyrus York house-site; June 10-19, 1864. Johnston’s forces [CS] moved from Paulding Co. to Kennesaw area, June 5, & occupied lines from Lost to Brushy Mtns. June 16: the left was withdrawn E. of Mud Creek. June 19: all forces shifted to mountain line.

34 Kennesaw Driving Tour

June 19: Hdq’rs moved to the Kirkpatrick house south of the mountain.

The advanced Fed. line crossed the road several hundred ft. W. Between June 19 & 27, the two-story York house, used by Fed. sharpshooters, was destroyed

Confederate artillery fire from the mountain.

18640610 - General Leonidas Polk's Headquarters

On Burnt Hickory Road NW, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)After withdrawing his corps from Lost Mtn. June 9, Polk’s H’dq’rs. [CS] were at the John Kirk house 1 mi. W. on this rd. June 10, h’dq’rs. were moved to Hardage house.

Sun. June 12. The Bishop-General read the church service (Episcopal) for his staff, escort, and the Hardage family.

June 14. Polk rode with Johnston, Hardee & others to Pine Mtn. to inspect Bate’s [CS] line at that advanced outpost. While there, Polk was killed

a Federal shell.

18640614 - General Leonidas Polk Memorial

Near Beaumont Drive NW, near Kennesaw, South

1861. 1865. In Memory Of Lieut. Gen. Leonidas Polk

Who fell on this spot June 14, 1864.

Folding his arms across his breast, He stood gazing on the scenes below, Turning himself around as if To take a farewell view.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 35

Thus standing a cannon shot from the enemy's guns crashed through his breast, and opened a wide door through which his spirit took its flight to join his comrades on the other shore.

Surely the earth never opened her arms to allow the head of a braver man to rest upon her bosom.

Surely the light never pushed the darkness back to make brighter the road that leads to the lamb.

And surely the gates of heaven never opened wider to allow a more manly spirit to enter therein.

Erected

J. Gid & Mary J. Morris. 1902.

18640614 - Lt. General Leonidas Polk Killed at Pine Mountain

On Stilesboro Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)The wooded knob W. was a fortified outpost, 1.25 miles north of Johnston’s intrenched line from Lost to Brushy Mountains, June 5-15, 1864. Pine Mountain was held by Bate’s division of Hardee’s A. C., 5th Co. Washington Artillery of N. Orleans & Lt. R. T. Beauregard’s S. Carolina Battery.

June 14. While observing Federal lines with Generals Johnston and Hardee, General Polk was killed

a shell from a Federal battery -- identity of which is not certain. The outpost was abandoned the next day and withdrawn to the main line. 36 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18640615 - Battle of Gilgal Church

On Kennesaw Due West Road NW, near Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling west)June 15-17, 1864

U.S.: Maj. Gen. Daniel Butterfield. 3rd Div. 20th Corps. Army of the Cumberland.

C.S.: Maj. Gen. Patrick R Cleburne. Cleburne’s Div. Hood’s Corps. Army of Tennessee.

18640615 - Battle of Pine Knob

On Hamilton Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)On June 15, 1864, General Sherman ordered an attack on a portion of the Confederate fortified line located between Gilgal Church and a hill one mile eastward known as Pine Knob. Three divisions of the 20th Army Corps were to break through an over-extended Confederate defense line and force a retreat. The attack began promptly at 5PM with a force of 15,000 Federal infantry. The attack failed. The 60th New York Regt's battle line can be seen nearby. This shallow trench was dug late in the fight under hostile fire in darkness, with bayonets and canteens.

18640615 - Causey - Maxham House

On Maxham Road, near Austell, (On the right when traveling north)Israel Causey was one of the original pioneer settlers when he moved to Cobb County in 1833. The house, built during the gold rush era, is an example of a frame plain- style dwelling. At one time, his plantation contained more than 1,000 acres with crops of cotton and sugarcane. It included land donated for the building of a nearby church. Briefly during the Civil War, Union soldiers quartered here. After Israel's death, the house was sold to Herbert Maxham in 1887. Generations of the Maxham family lived here and conducted various types of farming as they transitioned from cotton planting to dairy farming to growing fruit.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 37

18640615 - Historic Dickson House

Historic Dixon House

18640615 - Military Action at Gilgal Church

On Due West Road, near Marietta, (On the left when traveling west)On 15 June 1864 Daniel Butterfield's division of Joseph Hooker's XX [20th] Army Corps approached this point via the Sandtown Road (Acworth-Due West Rd.) intending to attack Cleburne's Confederates entrenched here at Burnt Hickory and Sandtown roads intersection. Due to strong resistance by Cleburne's skirmishers and the arrival of night-fall, Butterfield's effort here at Gilgal Church diminished to a probing action. Planned as a coordinated mile wide attack

three 5000 man divisions (Butterfield's

18640615 - The Reversed Trench

On Maryhill Lane, near Marietta, (On the left when traveling west)Constructed and manned

morning the trench faced southtoward the Confederate main line.

18640616 - Captain Peter Simonson

On Frank Kirk Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)Acting chief of artillery for the 1st Division (4th Army Corps), Simonson on June 16, 1864 was busy entrenching here a 4-gun battery of artillery when he was killed by a Confederate bullet. The Confederate was perhaps a sharpshooter armed with an English made rifle with scope known as a Whitworth. The Whitworth fired a six sided bullet that could kill a target one-half mile away. However, the two armies were within a few hundred feet of each other at this point, so it is not unreasonable to believe he could have been killed

a common Confederate rifleman.

38 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18640616 - Civil War Action Around Latimer's Farm

On Marietta Country Club Drive NW, Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)Nineteenth-century farmer Ruben Latimer lived a mile southwest of this spot. He, his wife Sarah, their children and eleven slaves worked a modest self- sufficient farm where they raised livestock and grew cotton, corn and other food crops. In June 1864 their lives were forever changed when Latimer’s farm became a battlefield. General Joseph Johnston’s (CSA) Army constructed a network of earthworks across Latimer’s farm in an attempt to slow the advance of General William Sherman’s (USA) Army toward Atlanta. On the morning of June 18, 1864, Federal troops attacked the earthworks occupied by the First Missouri Brigade of General F.M. Cockrell (CSA). The attack led by Colonel Frederick Bartleson (USA) 4th Army Corps during a violent thunderstorm, successfully drove the Confederates back to their main line of earthworks. Despite Confederate counterattacks and artillery barrage, the Federals were able to hold ground. The next morning General Johnston (CSA) withdrew his forces to stronger positions on Kennesaw Mountain.

The Marietta County Club commissioned a detailed archeological and historical study of the battle and the families affected

it. The Club has preserved many of the surviving earthworks and Civil War artifacts. The resulting report

18640616 - Civil War Action Around Latimer’s Farm

On New Salem Road NW, Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)Nineteenth-century farmer Ruben Latimer lived a mile southwest of this spot. He, his wife Sarah, their children and eleven slaves worked a modest self- sufficient farm where they raised livestock and grew cotton, corn and other food crops. In June 1864 their lives were forever changed when Latimer’s farm became a battlefield. General Joseph Johnston’s (CSA) Army constructed a network of earthworks across Latimer’s farm in an attempt to slow the advance of General William Sherman’s (USA) Army toward Atlanta. On the morning of June 18, 1864, Federal troops attacked the earthworks occupied by the First Missouri Brigade of General F.M. Cockrell (CSA). The attack led by Colonel Frederick Bartleson (USA) 4th Army Corps during a violent thunderstorm, successfully drove the Confederates back to their main line of earthworks. Despite Confederate counterattacks and artillery barrage, the Federals were able to hold Kennesaw Driving Tour 39 ground. The next morning General Johnston (CSA) withdrew his forces to stronger positions on Kennesaw Mountain.

The Marietta County Club commissioned a detailed archeological and historical study of the battle and the families affected

it. The Club has preserved many of the surviving earthworks and Civil War artifacts. The resulting report

18640616 - Hardee's Salient

On New Salem Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)June 16, 1864. From this point as a pivot, the Confederate line W. to Gilgal Church & Lost Mtn. was swung back to a N. & S. line E. of Mud Creek, thereby making a salient angle -- Hardee's A. C. on the left or S; Polk's & Hood's Corps on the right, or E.(CS)

This shift of Hardee's line was due to pressure on his front by the 20th & 23d Corps (US), from June 9 to 15.

Further pressure

the 4th

18640616 - Summers House

On Old Highway 41 NW (State Route 293) , Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)Ante-bellum res. of Thomas F. Summers (1812 - 1883), a landmark of the advance of the left wing of Federal forces upon Confederate positions on & near Kennesaw Mtn. -- June 1864.

40 Kennesaw Driving Tour

June 9. Garrard’s cav. [US] (dismounted), forced withdrawal of Benton’s Mississippi Brigade [CS] from positions N. of Big shanty, to a line at the Summers house -- later, to one several hundred yds. S. at the Roberts farm.

This latter line became the 1st position of McPherson’s 15th, 16th & 17th Corps [US] which were later shifted S. to the Brushy Mtn. line. From June 9 to July 3, 25 dys., Federal & Confederate forces battled on a ten-mile front.

18640617 - Darby Plantation

On Marietta Highway (State Route 120) , near Marietta, (On the right when traveling east)The old Marietta Rd. joined the Sandtown Rd. here -- 1864.

June 17-19. Geary’s (2d) Div., 20th A.C., supporting 13th N.Y. & Pa. E batteries, were N. of rd. & Cox’s (3d) Div. 23d. A.C., supporting 1st Ohio Bat. D. [US] were S. of rd. -- in area from Darby house to Mud Cr.

The artillery duel with Cleburne [CS] on high ridge E. of creek & Geary’s [US] rain-soaked infantry in flooded area next to stream, are a part of the annals.

On 19th, Cleburne [CS] moved E. followed

20th A.C. 23d A.C. moved S. on this rd. -- a march that broke the Kennesaw stalemate.

18640617 - Main Confederate Battle Line

On Frank Kirk Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)About a hundred yards southeast of this marker is the remnant of a 15 mile line of Confederate fortifications. These infantry trenches were occupied until June 17th by the Army of Mississippi, a unit within the Confederate Army of Tennessee, Kennesaw Driving Tour 41

Gen. Leonidas Polk commanding. An additional trace of these entrenchments may also be seen close to this marker, on the west side of the near

June 17th the Army of Mississippi had shifted east connecting with Hood's corps near New Salem Road.

18640617 - Mud Creek Line

On Marietta Highway (State Route 120) , Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)Hardee’s intrenched line [CS] crossed the road at this point -- position held June 17-19, 1864 by Cleburne’s Division [CS] after withdrawal of Johnston’s left flank from Gilgal Church.

A sharp artillery duel & severe rain marked the 48 hours here -- the opposition being the 20th & 23d Corps batteries [US] at Dar

’s West of the creek.Brig. Gen. Lucius E. Polk (nephew of Lt. Gen. Polk) [CS] was severely wounded & the regiments of his brigade were assigned to other commands in Cleburne’s Div.

18640617 - Site of the Dickson House

On Acworth-Due West Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)Late in the day General Butterfield's division of the Federal XX Army Corps fought past the Dickson House intending to assault the Confederate entrenchments at Gilgal Church, 300 yards south of this point near the intersection of Acworth-Due West and Kennesaw-Due West roads. High ground was gained 50 yards north of the roads, but the assault on the defenses was not made due to darkness and Confederate resistance. In this action the house was heavily damaged

artillery and rifle fire but remained standing. Referred to as the Dixon House in 1864 military maps

18640617 - The 14th & 20th A.C. Cross at Pace's Ferry 42 Kennesaw Driving Tour

On Paces Ferry Road, near Atlanta, (On the right when traveling west)July 17, 1864. Palmer’s 14th and Hooker’s 20th A. C. [US] crossed to the Fulton Co. side of the river on two pontoon bridges. This passage was covered

Wood’s 4th A.C. div.

18640619 - Federal 15th Corps

On State Route 293, Kennesaw, June 19, 1864. Maj. Gen. John A Logan’s 15th A. C. * was deployed astride this, the old Marietta road; Smith’s 2d div., N. E. of it; Osterhaus’ 1st, S. W.; Harrow's 4th, in reserve. This was the 2d & final sector held by Sherman’s left wing on the Kennesaw Mountain front.

Heavy fire from the Confederate artillery on the mountain, was countered, June 23, by 2 batteries of Rodman & Parrott guns, erected

Osterhaus on the hill just W. —the excavations being still visible.June 25

18640619 - Gen. O. O. Howard’s Headquarters

On Burnt Hickory Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)Following the withdrawal of Johnston’s forces, from the Mud Creek ~ Brushy Mtn. line, June 19, to the final one, which included Kennesaw Mtn., Howard’s 4th A. C. [US] moved E. from Hardee’s salient [CS].

Astride this, the Burnt Hickory rd., the corps [US] advanced toward Kennesaw until halted by a counter-attack [CS] from the mtn. An intrenched position [US] was established at the York house, one mi. E. which line was later occupied Kennesaw Driving Tour 43

the 15th Corps of the Army of the Tennessee [US].

18640619 - Kennesaw Spur

On Burnt Hickory Road, Marietta, June 19, 1864. When Johnston’s forces [CS] moved to a third position on the Kennesaw front, the defense works included the mountain. Bearing N.E. & E., the line ran to the Canton rd.; southward, it reached below the Dallas Rd. The left of French’s div. (Loring’s A.C. [CS], posted on the mtn.) rested on this road, where the right of Hardee’s A.C. (Walker’s div.) joined. June 27. The left of French & the right of Walker withstood the assaults of 3 Federal brigades ~ moving E. astride this, the Burnt Hickory Rd. ~ in a vain endeavor to break the line here, coincident with a line attempt at Cheatham Hill, 2.5 mi. southward.

18640619 - Oakton

On Kennesaw Avenue, Marietta, (On the left when traveling north)June 19, 1864. Johnston’s Army of Tennessee [CS] withdrew to its Kennesaw line -- Polk’s A. C. (under Loring), posted on the mountain; Hardee’s, extending south from Loring’s left, prolonged the line beyond Cheatham Hill; Hood’s corps on Loring’s right, prolonged the line east. to the Canton road, where it was supported

Wheeler’s cavalry. -- the extreme right of the army.June 21

18640621 - Johnston's Line East of Kennesaw

On Old 41 Highway NW, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)A point on the intrenched line of Loring’s (formerly Polk’s) A.C., [CS] which extended from the mtn. down its E. slope to the Bell’s Ferry rd. This sector was held by Featherston's div. -- the rt. of the corps. Hood’s A.C. [CS] prolonged the line E. beyond the Canton rd., where Wheeler’s cav. [CS] was posted. June 21, Featherston extended E. to occupy the line vacated by Hood’s A.C. when it was shifted to the left of the line below Kennesaw, on Powder Springs road.

44 Kennesaw Driving Tour

June 27. Featherston & Wheeler withstood a spirited attack

the 17th A.C.

18640621 - Powder Springs Road

On Powder Springs Road SW (State Route 360) , Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)Old Zion Church stood 150 ft. E. Confederate trenches crossed rd. in N. S. direction -- the left of Johnston’s Kennesaw line, occupied by Hood’s A. C., [CS] June 21, when it was shifted to their sector from E. of Kennesaw Mtn. Hood’s corps deployed here and moved S. W. to the battlefield of Kolb’s Farm, June 22.

July 3. Line evacuated

Confederate forces

18640622 - Battle of Kolb's Farm

On Macland Road (State Route 360) , Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)Hascall’s (2d) Div. 23d A.C., Union, via Manning’s Mill, reached Kolb’s schoolhouse (site of Mt. Zion Ch.) 2 p.m. & joined its left to right of Williams' (1st) Div., 20th A.C. [US] at the McAdoo - Oatman house on Powder Springs Rd.

Hascall placed 3 brigades on high ground S. E. of the road. Skirmishers, supported

the 14th Ky.

18640622 - Battle of Kolb's Farm - June 22, 1864

On Callaway Road SW, Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)A costly Confederate attack here stopped the Union army's attempt to bypass Kennesaw Mountain. Kennesaw Driving Tour 45

On June 22, 1864, Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston sent Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood's 13,000 troops down Powder Springs Road to stop the Federal army's threat to his flank. When Confederate skirmishers encountered Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's 11,000-man Union corps here at Kolb's farm, Hood ordered his troops to attack.

Hooker, having learned of Hood's plans from some captured Confederates, ordered his troops to dig in. At 4:00 p.m. Hood sent two of his three divisions toward the waiting Federals. After several unsuccessful charges through the woods, fields, and swamps across the road, the battered Confederates withdrew.

18640622 - Battle of Kolb’s Farm

On Cheatham Hill Road, Marietta, (On the left when traveling south)The 3 brigades of Williams’ (1st) Div., 20th A. C., [US] were posted on the high ground W. of the road between this point and the Powder Springs Road.

Geary’s (2d) Div. [US] right joined Williams at the ravine West of the Greer house, his artillery sweeping the low ground.

Brown’s & Reynold’s brigades of Stevenson’s Div. [CS] assaulted the left of Williams’ line

way of the ravine -- trying to turn his left

18640622 - Federal, Confederate Lines, June 22, 27, 1864.

On John Ward Road, Marietta, (On the left when traveling north)One-half mi. S., at the road - fork, is SIGNAL HILL, where Sherman observed the assault on Cheatham Hill 46 Kennesaw Driving Tour

troops of the 4th & 14th Corps [US]

18640622 - Schofield's Headquarters

On Powder Springs Road SW, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)Hdqrs., Maj. Gen. John M. Schofield, Commanding Army of the Ohio [US] -- rt. wing of Sherman’s forces on the Kennesaw front, June 22-30, 1864, while directing flanking march of 23d A.C. [US] S. on the Sandtown Road.

Cox’s 3d Div. camped here & supported Hascall’s 2d Div. [US] near the McAdoo house in Battle of Kolb’s Farm.

Sherman inspected rt. of Kennesaw line [US] here, June 23 & 25.

18640622 - Trading Hard Blows

On Kenesaw Mountain Drive, Kennesaw Mountain, As Sherman approached the Kennesaw line, Hood's Corps struck his right on

June 22 at Kolb Farm. The Federals, warned, repulsed Hood with a loss of

1,000 men. Sherman decided to assult and cut the Southern center at Cheatham

Hill and Little Kennesaw, and then destroy the fragments of Johnston's army. In these attacks on June 27 the entrenched

Confederates had 800 casualties while Kennesaw Driving Tour 47

Sherman lost 2,500 men. Again the

Federals resorted to less costly flanking tactics, which were to force Johnston to give up his Kennesaw position.

18640625 - Logan’s 15th A.C. Line

On Burnt Hickory Road, Marietta, (On the left when traveling west)June 25, 26, 1864. These troops being designated to assault Confederate forces on Kennesaw Spur, moved to this sector & were aligned astride the Burnt Hickory rd. at this point.

June 27. Walcutt’s brigade (Harrow’s div.) N. of rd.; G.A. Smith’s astride the rd., & Lightburn’s S. of it (M. L. Smith’s div.), moved E. toward Kennesaw Spur where the attack fell upon Gen. S.G. French’s div., (Loring’s A.C.), [CS] & the right of Hardee’s A.C. [CS] just S. of it.

This assault failed to break the Confederate line; a similar one, at Cheatham Hill, 2.5 mi. S., was also devoid of results -- the 2 engagements known as the Battle of Kennesaw Mtn.

48 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18640627 - Cheatham Hill

On Cheatham Hill Dr. (State Route 120) , near Marietta, (On the left when traveling west)The intrenched line of the Confederate Army of Tenn., as of June 19-July 3, 1864, crossed the road here. This sector was held by Lt. Gen. Wm. J. Hardee's A.C. -- the right of his line at Kennesaw Mtn., the left, from 1 to 2 miles southward of this point.

June 27. Cheatham's & Cleburne's divs. withstood an assault by 5 Federal brigades -- the spearhead of the attack directed toward a salient angle 3/4 mi. S., held

Vaughan's & Maney's brigades of Cheatham's division.The Illinois monument to McCook's brigade [US]

18640627 - Five Federal Brigades

On Cheatham Hill Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)June 27, 1864. At 8 A.M., five brigades assaulted the Confederates of Hardee’s Corps, posted on the wooded ridge across the valley eastward. From left to right there were: Kimball’s, Wagner’s & Harker’s brigades, Newton’s div. 4th A. C.; McCook’s & Mitchell’s brigades, Davis’ div., 14th A. C. -- all Army of the Cumberland troops [US].

Kimball & Wagner struck Cleburne’s left; Harker, McCook & Mitchell centered on the salient angle at the right of Cheatham’s div. The assaults were in parallel regimental columns. These & similar ones, at the same time,

3 brigades at Kennesaw Mtn. 2.5 mi. N.

18640627 - Gen. George H. Thomas' Headquarters Kennesaw Driving Tour 49

On Cheatham Mill Road SW, Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)In field west of rd., where right of 14th joined left of 20th corps [US].

From this point, June 27, Gen. Thomas [US] directed the assault of 5 brigades of 4th and 14th Corps, against Hardee’s Corps [CS] posted on Cheatham's Hill, E., across valley of Nose’s Cr.

This attempt to penetrate Johnston’s [CS] Kennesaw line was void of results.

18640627 - Kennesaw Battlefield

On Burnt Hickory Road NW, near Marietta, (On the left when traveling east)One of the two abortive attempts to break Johnston’s line, June 27, 1864, was made in this area

3 Federal brigades. Deployed on the ridge west of the stream & astride Burnt Hickory Rd.

18640627 - McCook's Brigade

On Cheatham Hill Road SW, Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)E. on the ridge beyond the valley is the Illinois memorial to Col. Dan McCook’s brigade, Davis’ div., 14th A.C. [US]. It stands at an angle in breastworks of Cheatham's div., Hardee’s A.C. [CS].

McCook's was 1 of 5 brigades designated to attempt a break-through, June 27. Its 5 regiments formed on the then wooded slope this side of the stream -- four in column, of regimental fronts, one advanced as skirmishers.

50 Kennesaw Driving Tour

The assault was toward the angle; down the hill -- across the stream -- up the cleared slope beyond, to the objective -- the only brigade of 5 to reach it, where a close-up line was held until Cheatham withdrew July 3.

18640627 - The Only Advantage of the Day

On Floyd Road, Mableton, (On the right when traveling north)June 27, 1864. While 8 Federal brigades at Kennesaw Mountain. & at Cheatham Hill, made futile attempts to break Johnston’s line [CS], Schofield's 23d Army Corps [US] moved South from Powder Springs Road. This flanking move was opposed by Hood’s Army Division, (extended below Kolb’s Farm), & Ross’ Cavalry [CS] on this the old Sandtown road.

Schofield reached & fortified these crossroads -- a strategic position that posed more of a threat to Johnston’s Kennesaw line than the assaults

8 brigades further north -- a fact noted in Sherman’s dispatch to Thomas as the only advantage of the day. (38 - IV - 610).

18640701 - Collins Springs Primitive Baptist Church

On North Church Lane, Smyrna, (On the right when traveling east)Founded circa 1850, the original church was destroyed in 1864 by the Federal Army and rebuilt after the Civil War. The church, cemetery, and nearby spring carry the name of James A. Collins, an Atlanta pioneer, merchant, and local landowner. His promise made before his death in 1862 was fulfilled in 1870 when Collins' daughter transferred title to two acres of surrounding land to the church. The building, which began as a one-room weatherboard structure supported

stacked stone pillars and hand-hewn beams

Kennesaw Driving Tour 51

18640701 - Federal Troops Occupy Marietta, 1864.

On Whitlock Avenue SW (State Route 120) , Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)The 23d A.C. [US] seized a position at Moss’ house (at Floyd Station), lower Sandtown Rd., July 1 -- nearer Chattahoochee River than Johnston’s Kennesaw line [CS], whereupon he withdrew his army, via Marietta, to his Smyrna - Ruff’s Mill line, 6 mi. S., during the night, July 2-3.

Pursuit followed; two divisions of Logan’s 15th A.C. [US] (Osterhaus & Harrow) were sent via Burnt Hickory & Dallas rds. to occupy Marietta.

Being replaced, they marched, 9 A.M. July 4, via Powder Springs Rd. & the Cheney house to the lower Sandtown Rd. where they joined the rest of McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee [US].

When the troops departed in November on the March to the Sea, they set fire to all the buildings around the square except the Masonic Hall. Sparks traveled a block westward, setting the top floor of the four-story Fletcher House on fire. The soldiers also destroyed about twenty residences, Glover's tannery, and the Georgia Military Institute, on the southern edge of town.

18640701 - Site: Wm. Moss House

On Concord Road SW, Mableton, (On the right when traveling west)The stalemate on the Kennesaw Mtn. front was broken when the rt. wing of Sherman’s forces was extended S. on the old Sandtown road to this point.

This eventuated July 1, 1864, when Brig. Gen. Milo S. Hascall’s (2d) div., 23d A. C. [US] moved to this strategic position which threatened Johnston’s lines [CS] of 52 Kennesaw Driving Tour communication & retreat -- the State R. R. & highways E. of here & S. of Kennesaw Mountain.

McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee [US] joined the 23 A. C. here, July 2d & 3d. The 15th & 16th A.C. moved E. to Nickajack Creek & the 17th moved S. toward the Chattahoochee River.

18640703 - Battle of Smyrna

On Atlanta Road SE, Smyrna, (On the left when traveling south)July 3, 1864. Gen. J. E. Johnston's army [CS] withdrew from Kennesaw Mtn. & occupied a double line of field-works which crossed the R. R. at old Smyrna Camp Ground, facing N. W. Loring's A. C. was on the rt. (N. E. of R. R.); Hardee's, at center; Hood's on left, near Ruff's Mill, Nickajack Cr.

July 4. The 4th A. C. [US], (E. of R. R.), attacked the Confederate right to ascertain strength of the position; it was found impregnable. A similar attack on the left near Ruff's Mill was alike ineffective. Being outflanked, Johnston withdrew to his River Line that night.

July 6. The 23d A. C. [US], moving from Ruff's Mill to Soap Creek, camped just E. of the R. R.

18640703 - Hood's Corps at Battle of Ruff's Mill

On Concord Road SE, Smyrna, (On the right when traveling west)When Johnston’s forces [CS] withdrew from Kennesaw Mtn., July 3, 1864, they occupied a double line of field works extending from Smyrna S. W. to Nickajack Creek at Dodgen's Mill, more or less along this, the old Concord Road.

Hood’s Corps held the left, (S.W.) sector of the lines which crossed the road at this point. Kennesaw Driving Tour 53

July 4. Federal forces moved up, investing the entire Confederate position. Dodge’s 16th A. C. [US] crossed Nickajack at Ruff’s Mill & late P.M., Fuller’s brigade (4th div.) moved up this rd., the attack falling upon Stevenson’s div. [CS], driving it from the first line of works.

18640703 - The 4th Corps Posted Along the River

On Cobb Parkway SE (U.S. 41) , Vinings, (On the right when traveling north)When the 4th A.C. reached the Chattahoochee July 5, attempts to cross were found impracticable because of Confederate opposition on the other side. Pending the crossing of the 23d A.C. at Soap Cr., July 8, the 4th A.C. marked time in trenches between Rottenwood Cr. (N.), & the R.R. below Vining’s Station (S.).

July 9: Newton’s (2d) div. moved N. to Roswell to support Garrard’s cav. July 10: Stanley’s (1st) & Wood’s (3d) moved N. to Soap Cr. to join the 23d A.C. Stoneman’s cav., having returned from a raid below Atlanta, the 14th & 20th Corps crossed at Pace’s Ferry, one-half mi. S.

18640703 - The Alexander Eaton House: Hood’s H'dq'rs.

On Cobb Drive (State Route 280) , Smyrna, (On the right when traveling north)S. on this rd., .8 mi. stands the ante-bellum residence of Alexander Eaton (1809- 1905). July 3, 4, 5, 1864, the intrenched lines of Gen. John B. Hood’s A.C. [CS] extended along the rd. from the Gann Cem. to site of Cooper’s Lake. The Eaton house, being but 1 mi. E. of these lines, was used

Gen. Hood as headquarters.From Eaton’s house

18640703 - The Extended Right

On Concord Road SW, Mableton, (On the right when traveling east)July 3, 1864. Concurrent with Johnston’s evacuation of his Kennesaw Mtn. line [CS], 54 Kennesaw Driving Tour

McPherson’s Army of the Tenn. [US] was shifted to the rt. of Sherman’s forces & via Sandtown rd. reached this vicinity -- joining Hascall’s div., 23d A.C.

These troops operated as a threat to Johnston’s lines of communication & retreat from Kennesaw to the Chattahoochee River.

Detachments from the 4 Federal corps began aggressive moves from here on Johnston’s left & rear as he withdrew from Kennesaw; a column was sent E. to Ruff’s Mill on Nickajack Creek & one S. via Mableton & the Mitchell house, toward the river crossings.

18640703 - The Mable House

On Floyd Road (State Route 139) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling north)Ante-bellum res. of Robert Mable (1803-1885). July 3, 1864, Maj. Gen. F.P. Blair's 17th A.C., of McPherson's Army of the Tenn. [US], having marched from Kennesaw Mtn., via Sandtown rd., reached Moss' house (near Floyd Station), 1.2 mi. N. 2 P.M. Gresham's 4th div., 17th A.C., moved with 15th A.C. troops to points S. of the Mitchell house (below Mableton), to threaten river crossings at left-rear of Johnston's Smyrna line [CS]. At dark, Gresham's troops withdrew N. to the Mable plantation, which afforded an ample supply of water, & camped here for the night. Walter Q. Gresham was Secretary of State in President Cleveland's Cabinet, 1893-1895.

18640704 - Advance of the 17th A.C. Toward the River

On Veterans Memorial Highway (U.S. 78) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling west)July 4, 1864. Maj. Gen. F. P. Blair’s 17th A. C. of McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee & Stoneman’s cavalry [US], moved from Sandtown rd. E. on this, the old Turner’s Ferry rd. to outflank Johnston’s Smyrna – Ruff’s Mill line [CS].

Kennesaw Driving Tour 55

Encountering the Georgia Militia, under Maj. Gen. Gustavus Smith & Gen. L. S. Ross’ cavalry, the Federals drove them eastward 1.25 miles. Blair’s troops intrenched here for the night.

This action was coincident with 4th & 16th A. C. assaults on Johnston’s line at Smyrna & at Ruff’ s Mill, some four miles N.E. on the old Concord Road.

18640704 - Battle of Ruff's Mill

On Concord Road SW, Smyrna, (On the right when traveling east)July 4, 1864. Early a.m., Brig. Gen. John Fuller’s brigade, 4th div., 16th A. C. [US], moved 1 mi. E. from the Nickajack Cr. Bridge, Concord Rd., to ascertain the strength of Hood’s A. C. [CS]. Finding it strongly posted, Fuller returned to Ruff’s Mill.

Late p.m., Fuller’s men again advanced, supported

Sweeney’s 2nd div.

18640704 - Georgia Militia on Turner's Ferry Road

On Veterans Memorial Highway SE (U.S. 78) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling west)Gen. Gustavus W. Smith’s Georgia Militia & Gen. L. S. Ross’ cav., driven E. to this point from Sandtown rd. (at Mableton), July 4, 1864, was again assailed

the 17th A. C. [US] July 5. Gresham’s 4th div.

18640705 - Federals Halted by Johnston’s River Line

On Veterans Memorial Highway (U.S. 78) , near Mableton, (On the right when traveling east)July 5, 1864. Gresham’s 4th div., on this rd. and Leggett’s 3d (17th A. C.), with Stoneman’s cav. [US] on Howell’s Fy. Rd. S. of it, drove the Ga. Militia and Ross’ cav. E. across Nickajack Cr. where they occupied the left of Johnston’s River Line. 56 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Gresham’s div., astride this rd. and Leggett’s div. on the right, cast up a line on this ridge, facing Johnston’s line across Nickajack Cr.

July 7. Logan’s 15th A. C. was brought up and prolonged Gresham’s line N. on High Ridge. These and 16th A. C. [US] troops down river, threatened to cross, while actual crossings were made above the State R. R. bridge.

18640705 - Garrard & Newton Move on Roswell

On Johnson Ferry Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)300 ft. W. stood the res. of Wm. Johnston who operated the ferry in the 1850's, where Johnston's Fy. Rd. crosses the Chattahoochee River.

July 5, 1864. Gen. Kenner Garrard's cav. div. [US] enroute from Marietta to Roswell via this rd., camped on Willeo Cr., from which point he sent a regiment S. to burn the Paper Mills on Soap Creek.

July 9. Newton's 4th A. C. div. [US], moving from Vining's Station, traversed this road to Roswell to support Garrard's passage of the river at Shallow Ford -- retracing July 12 & crossing the river at Power's Ferry, July 13.

18640705 - Johnston’s River Line

On Veterans Memorial Highway (U.S. 278) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling west)July, 1864, a heavy, intrenched line of field works, from the mouth of Nickajack Cr. (.8 mi. S. W.) extended N. E. to a point 1 mi. above State R. R. bridge. This line, prepared in advance, was occupied

Johnston’s forces [CS] when they withdrew from the Smyrna - Ruff’s Mill line Kennesaw Driving Tour 57

18640705 - Site: Hardy Pace’s Res. Howard’s Headquarters

On Paces Mill Road, Atlanta, (On the left when traveling east)Hardy Pace (1785- 1864), operated the Chattahoochee River ferry at site of bridge where Pace’s Ferry rd. crosses. Federal forces occupied Vining’s Station, July 5-17, 1864, while preparing to cross at Pace’s & Power’s for the move on Atlanta. Gen. O. O. Howard, 4th A. C., had headquarters at the Pace res., July 5-10. Vining’s temporary terminal of the R. R., was the subsistence & ammunition dump of the Federal army during the siege & capture of Atlanta. Wounded from the Atlanta front were sent to Vining’s where the Pace house was used as a hospital -- later, destroyed

fire.

18640705 - Soap Creek Paper Mills

On Road to parking lot for Chattahoochee River NRA, Marietta, (On the left when traveling south)The original structures which housed the Marietta Paper Mills ~ incorporated in 1859 ~ stood 1/4 mile down stream from Paper Mill Road. The mills manufactured news print, wrapping paper and stationery ~ a pioneer enterprise in this section of the state.

July 5, 1864. The mills were burned

a detachment of Gen. Kenner Garrard’s cavalry division while guarding the left flank of Federal forces preparing to cross the Chattahoochee River at the mouth of Soap Creek. Rebuilt after the war

18640705 - The Errant Pontoon Bridge: Paces Ferry

On West Paces Ferry Road SE, Vinings, (On the right when traveling west)July 5, 1864. During Johnston’s retreat from Smyrna, a portion of his wagon-train detoured from the Atlanta-Marietta rd. via Vining’s Station to a pontoon bridge at Pace’s Ferry.

58 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Wheeler’s Cav. escorted the trains; when all were across, the bridge was cut loose so as to swing down stream to the Fulton Co. side.

Federal gun-fire, preventing its removal, the bridge was cut loose by the Confederates, but instead of floating down to shelter within Johnston’s River Line at Bolton, it lodged on this side where it was seized

troops of Hazen's 4th A. C. brigade

18640705 - The Mitchell House

On Mableton Parkway (State Route 139) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling north)Cited in Official Records of the Atlanta Campaign, 1864, as the “Widow Mitchell; house. A key position of the Federal right wing in military operations on the Sandtown rd. during the retreat of Johnston’s forces S. from Kennesaw to the Chattahoochee River. McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee [US] occupied this intersection of the Sandtown & Turner’s Ferry roads, July 5-9. From this strategic position, demonstrations made toward crossings at & below Turner’s Ferry, signified an intention to outflank Johnston’s River line [CS].

18640705 - Toward the River

On Mableton Parkway (State Route 139) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling north)During the 5 days when Army of the Tennessee headquarters were here, the troops of the 15th & 17th A. C. [US] were posted on a ridge just W. of Nickajack Creek, facing the left of Johnston’s River Line. (July 5-9, 1864).

Kennesaw Driving Tour 59

16th A. C. [US] troops were sent to Howell’s, Baker’s & Sandtown ferries, below Nickajack Cr., where demonstrations were made as if crossings at those points were intended.

Johnston’s formidable River Line [CS] forbade a frontal attack by the outnumbering Federals; only

feinting on the right & thrusting on the left (up river at Soap Creek)

18640705 - Turner's, Howell's Baker's & Sandtown Ferries

On Mableton Parkway SE (State Route 139) , Mableton, (On the right when traveling south)This, the old Sandtown Road was the route of McPherson’s Army of the Tennessee [US], south to the Mitchell house, July 5, 1864.

From Mitchell’s, an old road ran east to the Chattahoochee River at Turner’s Ferry, most of its course being U.S. Highway 78. South of Mitchell’s, the E. fork (State Highway 139) leads to Howell’s Ferry; the W. fork to Baker’s & Sandtown Ferries.

From Mitchell’s, McPherson sent detachments to these crossings to threaten the left & rear of Johnston’s forces [CS] at the RIVER LINE.

18640706 - Kennesaw House

On Marietta Station Walk NW, Marietta, (On the left when traveling north)In ante-bellum days, this hotel was a summer resort for planters attracted 60 Kennesaw Driving Tour

the gay social activities of the town. In 1862

18640706 - The 23d Corps at Soap Creek

On Road to parking lot for Chattahoochee River NRA, Marietta, (On the left when traveling south)July 8, 1864. The first passage of the Chattahoochee River by Federal forces was made at mouth of Soap Creek

Cox’s division

18640706 - The Hargrove House

On Windy Hill Road, near Smyrna, (On the right when traveling east)Ante- bellum residence of Asbury Hargrove 1809 ~ 1879.

Headquarters of Brig. Gen. Edward M. McCook, July 6 ~ 15, 1864.

McCook’s (1st) div. (Dorr’s & Lamson’s brigades), Elliott’s Cav. Corps (Army of the Cumberland) [US], was posted here to patrol the Chattahoochee between Rottenwood Cr. (S.) & Roswell (N.).

McCook’s horsemen served as a screen, behind which the 23d & 4th Corps moved to crossings at the mouth of Soap Cr. & at Power’s Fy.

July 15. McCook’s cav. left Hargrove’s to patrol the river, on the Cobb Co. side, above & below the State R. R. (at Bolton) until the 22d. Kennesaw Driving Tour 61

18640706 - The March to Soap Creek

On Concord Road, Mableton, (On the right when traveling west)Schofield's 23d A. C. [US] marked time in this vicinity while McPherson’s Army of the Tenn. [US] made demonstrations at Chattahoochee ferries below Johnston’s River Line [CS] -- indicating, falsely, that crossings would be made there while actual passages upstream were planned.

July 6, 1864. The 23d A. C. began its march to upper reaches of the river

moving E. on this

18640706 - The River Patrol & Cochran’s Ford

On Cochran Shoals Unit Parking Lot Entrance, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)Pending Federal crossings of the Chattahoochee, Gen. E. M. McCook's cav. div. [US] screened 4th and 23d Corps movements to fords and ferries in this vicinity, July 6, 15, 1864.

July 7, Brownlow's 1st Tennessee reg't., Dorr’s brigade (McCook's cav.) seized the upper island near Power’s Ferry, as an observation point.

July 9, Col. Dorr, with a detachment, crossed at the mouth of Soap Cr., 3 mi. N. (Schofield's crossing, July 8), to scout the country below. Another detachment crossed at Cochran’s Ford (1.25 mi. S. of Soap Cr.), as a support. Dismounted, carrying guns and cartridges aloft, they waded the deep stream, wearing nothing but hats. 62 Kennesaw Driving Tour

18640708 - 16th A.C. to Roswell

On Powder Springs Road SW, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling south)When the 23d A.C. [US] crossed the Chattahoochee at Soap Creek, above the State R. R., July 8, 1864, Johnston’s River Line [CS] (Oakdale Rd.) was evacuated to the Fulton County side, July 9. There being no further need of McPherson’s Army of the Tenn. [US] on the lower Sandtown Rd., it was sent up river to Roswell. The 16th was the 1st corps to be shifted; it began its 27 mi. march from Mitchell’s, 10 A. M. June 9, & camped that night 1 mi. E. of Marietta.

Its line of march included Powder Springs Rd. from the Cheney house to the Marietta Public Square, traversing, enroute the battlefield of Kolb’s Farm.

18640709 - Power's Ferry

On Entrance road to Cochran Shoals Unit Parking Lot, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)Established 1835

James Power

18640722 - Ross' Headquarters

On Hurt Road SW, Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)Brig. Gen. L. S. Ross, commanding the Texas brigade of Brig. Gen. Wm. H. Jackson’s cavalry [CS], had fought delaying actions with Schofield’s 23rd A. C. [US] (the rt. of Sherman’s forces) since both armies moved from Paulding Co.; Ross had headquarters at the Shaw House, June 22, 27, 1864.

June 22, Schofield’s troops reached Cheney’s house. Hascall’s div. supported the 20th A. C. [US] at Kolb’s Farm, while Cox’s div. at Cheney’s held the extreme Federal right.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 63

June 26, 27. The 23rd A. C. continued the flanking movement S. from Cheney’s, crossed Olley’s Cr. & pushed down the Sandtown Rd. -- forcing Ross to withdraw his cav. at the Shaw House.

18640725 - Rough and Ready

On Old Dixie Highway (U.S. 41) , Mountain View, (On the left when traveling south)A way station on a stage line from Macon to upper Georgia in the 1840's; Post Office, Apr. 5, 1847 - June 24, 1869. Also, a cotton shipping point - the tavern an eating house for passengers -- after the Macon & Western (Central of Georgia) R.R. was constructed in 1846.

After Federal forces left off siege operations on the Atlanta, Aug. 25, 1864, they moved in a wide swing to the S. To counter this moved, Hardee's A.C. [CS] was shifted to a line W. of here, between East Point & Thames' Mill & Gen. Hardee set up a command post at Rough and Ready, 1 P.M. Aug. 30, to observe this latest Federal threat to the M. & W. R. R.

18640830 - Rough and Ready Tavern

On Old Dixie Highway (U.S. 41) , Mountain View, (On the left when traveling south)Here stood the Rough and Ready Tavern or Old Bagley House which was at different times a residence, tavern, general store, arsenal & probably headquarters of Gen. Hardee Aug. 30, 1864. To this place, mentioned in “Gone With The Wind,; the people of Atlanta were evacuated for further transport south. At Rough and Ready Station on the Macon & Western R.R. stood a water tank & wood shed for the engines. Fed. troops cut the railroad 1 mile below here Aug. 31, 1864, completing the isolation of Atlanta. Timbers from the Tavern, torn down in 1917, serve as sills in the nearby McBrayer house.

18641003 - Moon's Station

Oct. 3, 1864. A Federal stockade, garrisoned by 84 officers & men from the 14th & 15th Ill., was located on the high ground 50 yds. E. of the track. 64 Kennesaw Driving Tour

The stockade was attacked & captured

Reynolds´ brigade

18641003 - Site: Colley House Hood’s H’dq’rs

Oct. 3-6, 1864. Lt. Gen. John B. Hood [CS] had h'dq'rs at the Colley house which stood 500 ft. N. of this marker. Hood, enroute with his army to Tennessee, after the fall of Atlanta, marked time in this vicinity while Stewart’s A. C. wrecked the State R. R. between Marietta & the Etowah River -- a noted episode being French’s [CS] attempt to capture the Federal garrison at Allatoona - Oct. 5. Oct. 6, Hood’s forces resumed march to Dallas, Van Wert, Cedartown, Cave Spring, -- to battle and defeat at Nashville.

18641005 - Allatoona Pass

On Old Allatoona Road, Allatoona, (On the left when traveling east)Allatoona was in pioneer days a travel hub, because ridges from east and south met here where it was fairly easy to cross the Allatoona Mountain range

winding over a low ridge

18641005 - Railroad Block-house

On North Main Street SE (State Route 293) , near Emerson, (On the right when traveling west)On Allatoona Creek in this vicinity, a Federal block-house, guarding State R.R. bridge, was garrisoned by Companies E, F, and I, of the 18th Wisconsin Regt.

Oct. 5, 1864, while retreating from Allatoona, 2 mi. N., French’s Div. of Stewart’s A.C. [CS] burned the bridge and block-house, capturing 84 officers and men.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 65

The State R.R. was shifted north in 1949 and in 1950, Allatoona Creek was flooded

the impounded waters of Allatoona Dam.

18641005 - Stewart's Corps at Big Shanty

On Old 41 Highway, NW ( N Main St. NW ) (State Route 293) , Kennesaw (Big Shanty), (On the right when traveling north)During the march of Lt. Gen. Hood's army N. from Palmetto, Stewart's A. C., & Armstrong's cav. [CS] were sent from Lost Mtn., Oct. 3, 1864 to destroy the State R. R. at Big Shanty.

Featherston's brigade, Loring's div., [CS] captured the Federal garrison (detachments, 14th

& 15th Ill., 4th div., 17th A. C.) posted in the stockaded Lacy Hotel. Walthall's & Loring's divs. were sent to seize the stockades at Moon's Station & Acworth, 2 & 6 mi. N. French's div.

[CS] was sent North eleven miles to engage in one of the most noted battles along the State

R. R. - Allatoona, Oct. 5, 1864

18641105 - Town Of Cassville

On Cassville Road NW (Route Old 41) , Cassville, (On the left when traveling south)

In this valley was once situated the proud town of Cassville, begun in July 1833, as the seat of justice for Cass County and soon the center of trade and travel in the region recently comprising the Cherokee Nation. Both the county and town where named in the honor of Gen. Lewis Cass Michigan statesman and Secretary of War in the Cabinet of President Andrew Jackson. 66 Kennesaw Driving Tour

A decade after its founding Cassville lost its preeminence as a trading center due to the location of the state owned Western and Atlantic railroad two miles west of its limits. It continued to flourish, however, and in 1860 was a community of some 1300 persons. Two four year colleges located here and its newspaper, The Cassville Standard, gave weight to the claims of being the educational and cultural center for all northern Georgia.

In 1861 the name of the county was changed by action of the Georgia Legislature to Bartow in memory of Gen. Francis S. Bartow a native Georgian killed at the First Battle of Manassas, and the name of the town became Manassas.

The entire town was destroyed

fire on Nov. 5

18641110 - Battle of Allatoona

On Old Allatoona Road, near Emerson, (On the left when traveling south)Lt. Gen. John B. Hood, Army of Tenn. [CS], while enroute N. from Palmetto, Ga., sent Lt. Gen. A.P. Stewart´s Corps to destroy the State R.R. from Big

Shanty to the Etowah River. Stewart seized Big Shanty and Acworth on the 3d, and French´s Div. was sent on the 4th, to capture Allatoona. Daylight, the 5th, Kennesaw Driving Tour 67

French [CS] deployed his troops around the Federal garrison, commanded

Gen. John M. Corse [US]

18642517 - Adairsville, Georgia

On Main Street North, Adairsville, (On the left when traveling north)Adairsville had its beginning in Oothcaloga Valley, two miles north of the present site. It was named for Cherokee Indian Chief John Adair, the son of a Scottish trader and a Cherokee Princess.

Adairsville moved in 1848 to Adair Station (established 1846 by William Watts) but kept the name Adairsville, honoring the Indian Chief.

The Battle of Adairsville, sometimes known as the Gravel House Battle was fought May 17, 1864.

Adairsville was entered in the National Register of Historic Places Dec. 4, 1987. The nomination was prepared

the Sans Souci Club's Historical Committee: Lois S. Adams

20000010 - Big Shanty

On Cherokee Street, Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling east)In 1838 - 41, a construction camp of laborers, grading & building the State R.R., was located at 68 Kennesaw Driving Tour the spring approximately 250 yds. W. of here, where temporary structures (shanties) housed the workmen.

Track level here, being some 345 ft. above the level at Cartersville, 19 mi. N., the grade was 18 ft. per mi. at the time of construction. In railroad parlance, this was known as the big grade to the shanties - later shortened to big shanty grade, finally to Big Shanty, which was changed to Kennesaw about 1870. In June, 1864, Federal forces on the Kennesaw Mtn. front, drew supplies at this point.

20000011 - Camp McDonald

On Cobb Parkway NW (U.S. 41) , Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling south)To the east were the parade grounds and tents of Camp McDonald, established

Governor Joseph E. Brown

20000013 - Wm. G. McAdoo's Birthplace

Near John Ward Road (County Route 360) , Marietta, The house atop hill was one of the few battlefield houses surviving military operations of the Kennesaw Campaign.

McAdoo ownership was Jan. 6, 1863-Feb. 3, 1864. Here, Oct. 31, 1863 was born the Honorable William. G. McAdoo. Secretary of the Treasury, 1913-1918; Candidate Democrat presidential nomination; 1924, 1928. U.S. Senator, California, 1933-1939. Kennesaw Driving Tour 69

Place was named MELORA during McAdoo occupancy. S. B. Oatman owned it at time of the Battle of Kolb's Farm.

20000014 - William Root

On West Atlanta Road, Marietta, (On the right when traveling north)Beloved merchant, druggist, and Episcopalian, he helped found St. James in 1842; in 1844 he built his home across from the church. His 1845 drug store on the square was a town social center. The Root home, one of the oldest wooden houses, and a good specimen of early town architecture, now stands at N. Marietta Pkwy & Polk St. It is open to the public.

20000015 - War Comes To Kennesaw

On Kenesaw Mountain Drive, Kennesaw Mountain, In May, 1864 Sherman with 100,000 men drove into north Georgia hoping to destroy Johnston's army of 50,000 and lay waste vital railroads and factories.

Sherman attacked at Dalton, Resaca,

Cassville and New Hope Church. These attacks were repulsed, and Sherman flanked to drive the Southern army back. The last movement brought

Sherman to Allatoona, and he moved 70 Kennesaw Driving Tour south with actions at Pine Mountain,

Gilgal Church, Lost Mountain, Mud

Creek and the Lattimore Farm.

Johnston retired to Kennesaw

Mountain and entrenched. The stage was set for the battle.

20000016 - Transfer Point

On Old Dixie Highway (U.S. 41) , Mountain View, (On the left when traveling south)After the occupation of Atlanta by Federal forces, Sept. 2, 1864, the remaining civilians were required to register for transportation to points north or south as desired.

Those electing to go south were carried, with household goods, in army wagons from Atlanta to Rough and Ready where, by truce agreement, they were transferred in Hood’s wagons [CS] to the rail-head at Lovejoy’s. From there they continued south on the Macon & Western R. R.

Mass eviction of the populace was necessitated

the transformation of Atlanta into an armed camp under martial law -- a status that prevailed until the following Nov. 16.

20000016 - UDC And Kennesaw House

On Depot Street NW, Marietta, The Kennesaw Chapter United Daughters of the Confederacy was organized July 29, 1898, in the parlors of the Kennesaw House on the second floor corner nearest the railroad station. Mrs. R. L. Nesbitt was elected the first president. There were forty women at the meeting. The nucleus of this chapter was the Ladies Memorial Association, formed soon after the close Kennesaw Driving Tour 71 of the war. The nucleus of that association was the Ladies Aid, who had served the armies and soldiers of the Confederacy in field and in camp.

20000018 - The Archibald Howell Home

On Kennesaw Avenue, Marietta, (On the left when traveling north)Here, in the spring of 1865, Gen. Henry M. Judah had his headquarters and saw evidence which helped him make a decision of much importance to local people. Since no crops had been grown here on the battlefields and, as the surrender had paralyzed economy and government, local people lacked food, funds and employment. Judah, seeing that aid was needed to prevent suffering, proposed to issue corn and bacon to the needy until a crop could be made. The issue, approved, was made and these rations did much to put Georgians and their economy on a sound basis.

20000019 - Sweet Water Town Site

On Maxham Road, near Austell, (On the right when traveling south)The surrounding land was once part of Sweet Water Town. Named for a Native American who lived in the area, this Cherokee Village was a trading center that was significant enough to have been referenced on maps as late as 1864. A series of land lotteries in the early 1800s encouraged white settlement and gold prospecting, and contributed to the demise of the village

20000020 - Slave Lot

Near West Atlanta Street SE, Marietta, The only slave burial ground in any major white Georgia cemetery. Here 19 Christian slaves and freed persons of Marietta Christians were buried in unmarked graves ca. 1848-1866. Only four have been positively named, servants of Mrs. Eliza G. Robarts:

Clarissa, Hannah, Nancy & Peggy. They lived adjacent to the north side of the First Presbyterian Church.

72 Kennesaw Driving Tour

20000021 - Rev. Thomas Milton Allen

On West Atlanta Road SE, Marietta, (On the left when traveling north)Prominent minister who was born a slave 1833. He was a charter member of Zion Baptist at its founding in 1866 and its second pastor (1869-1885). In 1885 he organized Cole St. & later Pleasant Grove and Whitlock Avenue Baptist Churches. In 1890 formed first

Asso. for black churches. (As a slave named Allen was baptized in 1858.)

20000022 - Rest well, Miss Mattie

Near Powder Springs Road (State Route 360) , Marietta, Mattie Harris Lyon, 97, the “Mother of Marietta,; was known for her years of zealous and affectionate service in religious, civic, welfare and patriotic activities. Her life was dedicated to the service of people of all races. A true humanitarian, she gave unselfishly through religious and social service work.

Through her inspiration, the Cobb County Welfare Department, the Cobb County Chapter of the American Red Cross, the Community Chest and other humanitarian agencies were founded. She was President of the Women’s Missionary Society at the First Methodist Church, active in the Women’s Christian Temperance Union, President of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, and the Ladies Confederate Memorial Association. Other association included the Civic League of Marietta – which later became the Woman’s Club -, A charter membership in the Flower Garden Club and an honorary membership of Marietta County Club. She took the lead in marking the graves of the dead in the Confederate Cemetery, adjacent to the City Cemetery.

It was said of Mattie Harris Lyon… Kennesaw Driving Tour 73

“A city comes in time to have a personality and therefore a heart, and in the very center of Marietta’s heart Mattie Harris Lyon is enshrined. She was a princess of the golden pen for the letters of good cheer she wrote; a veritable Dorcas of good deeds to the poor and needy; a Mary to sit at the feet of her Lord and learn of His spirt; and a Martha to translate His truth into blessed doing. She was a great teacher, for she taught Marietta to have a heart and a mighty love.;

- Reverend Marvin Williams

She was a living example that old age can be beautiful and meaningful. Her life answered her prayer:

“Let me die working,

still tackling plans unfinished and undone;

Clean to its end may my race be run,

no lagging steps, no faltering, no shrinking;

Let me die working.; 74 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Rest well, Miss Mattie.

20000023 - Confederate Cemetery

Near West Atlanta Street SE, Marietta, 3,000 Confederate dead from every southern state are buried in this cemetery. First established for [CS] soldiers killed in a railroad collision in 1863, it became the resting place for dead from nearby battlefields. In 1866, under the direction of Miss Mary J. Green and Mrs. Charles J. Williams of the Ga. Mem. Assn., bodies were moved here from the Chickamauga area. Land for the cemetery was given by Mrs. Jane Glover, Ann Moyer and other citizens of Marietta. A cannon, which served Ga. Military Inst. from 1852 to 1864, was used by the Confederate army, captured

Sherman’s forces

20000023 - Peachtree Trail

On Old 41 Highway (State Route 293) , Kennesaw, The Indians knew this trail as the route from the heart of the Cherokee Nation to Standing Peachtree, Creek village that grew into a trading post and fort just south of the Chattahoochee. Pioneers who used Montgomery’s Ferry at Standing Peachtree called this the Peachtree or Montgomery Ferry Road. Confederate and Federal troops fought along this route in 1864. Advent of automobiles and tourist travel made this road the Dixie Highway, later known as U.S. Highway 41.

The Indian planned well—his trail straightened and widened, is now a busy four-lane road, a key national highway. Kennesaw Driving Tour 75

20000024 - Atlanta Campaign

Here, at New Hope Church, Confederate and Federal armies engaged in a desperate battle as the former blocked the way to Atlanta, key industrial center of the Confederacy. Sherman again outflanked the Confederates and the two armies moved to renew the struggle at Kennesaw Mountain.

20000050 - William A. Fuller

On Cherokee Street (Big Shanty Road ), Kennesaw, (On the right when traveling west)To The Memory of

William A. Fuller

1836-1905

Captain Independent State Troops of Georgia, C.S.A.

As conductor on the state - owned Western & Atlantic R.R. he led the pursuing party that, after a 90-mile chase -- in which three locomotives were used -- recaptured the locomotive General which had been seized at Big Shanty, April 12, 1862, by a group of Federal Raiders led by James J. Andrews, intent upon the destruction of the railroad bridges between this point & Chattanooga.

Erected April 12, 1961 by Citizens of

Kennesaw (Big Shanty), Georgia

Inscription 76 Kennesaw Driving Tour

Wilbur C. Kurtz

20000051 - Etowah (Tumlin) Mounds

On Indian Mound Road, near Cartersville, (On the left when traveling south)For over 100 years Etowah Indian Mounds were the Tumlin Mounds. In 1832 Col. Lewis Tumlin came to Cass County (Bartow) and drew the land lot that contained the mounds. Col. Tumlin served as county sheriff from 1834 to 1840. As young soldiers, Gen. William

T. Sherman and Col. Tumlin became friends. First visiting the mounds in 1844, Sherman returned in 1864 and spared Col. Tumlin´s home. In 1887, the Tumlins allowed the Smithsonian Institute´s Bureau of American Ethnology to survey and partially explore Mound C under the direction of Dr. Cyrus Thomas. Being great protectors and conservationists, Georgia Secession Roberts Tumlin along with her son, Lewis Henry

Tumlin, Sr. did not allow the site to be disturbed especially the burials. Professional excavations of the site were conducted in 1925, 1926 and 1927

Warren K. Moorehead. In 1953 the Georgia Historical Commission purchased the property from the Tumlinfamily. The site became The Etowah Indian Mounds State Park. Col. Tumlin´s great grandson Lewis Henry Tumlin

20000052 - Federal Fort

On Joe Frank Harris Parkway (U.S. 41) , near Cartersville, (On the right when traveling north)Atop the hill to the east was a fort that protected the river bridge, part of the rail line which enabled Sherman to supply his army during the Atlanta Campaign. The rail line has been moved downstream, but piers in the river mark the site of the bridge in 1864. Troops here passed much time in swimming, hiking, picking berries, and they played baseball in the field to the west -- doubtless some of the first games in this section.

Often the men went out seeking food, and sometimes were fired upon or captured. There was no major battle in the fort area.

Kennesaw Driving Tour 77

20000053 - Felton Home

On Tennessee Road (U.S. 411) , Cartersville, (On the right when traveling north)Dr. William H. Felton and his wife, Rebecca Latimer, lived from 1853 until 1905 in the house east of this marker.

A physician, minister and noted orator, Dr. Felton was the leader of the Independent Revolt from the State Democratic Party in the 1870´s and won three spectacular Congressional campaigns.

Mrs. Felton´s appointment in 1922 at the age of 87, as the first woman U.S. Senator climaxed a long career in which she had gained wide recognition as an author, newspaper columnist, and crusader for women´s rights.

20000054 - Friendship Monument

On West Main Street (State Route 113) , Cartersville, (On the right when traveling west)The nearby marble shaft has the unique distinction of having been erected

a debtor in honor of his creditors. Losses during the panic of 1857 forced Mark A. Cooper

20000055 - Gantt House

On Lower Roswell Road, near Marietta, (On the right when traveling west)John D. Gantt came to Cobb County in the 1850s with his parents and siblings, and married in 1858. Although the family's farm was destroyed during the Civil War, they rebuilt and continued to acquire land. Years later, the family built this house, which featured 6 rooms, 2 porches and 4 fireplaces. After John's passing in 1903, the property remained in the Gantt family. John's son Jasper eventually became sole owner and in 1922 owned approximately 195 acres. Jasper died in 78 Kennesaw Driving Tour

1937 without heirs. The land including the house was sold in 1950, but the vast majority of the estate was eventually developed into the surrounding subdivisions.

20000055 - Lady in Black

On West Atlanta Street SE, Marietta, This memorial to Mary Annie Gartrell (1853-1906) was erected

her grieving sister Lucy (1863-1954). Musicians both and natives of Cobb County

20000056 - Grave of Gen. William Tatum Wofford

Near Cassville-White Road, Cassville, Gen. William Tatum Wofford (June 28, 1824 - May 22, 1884), Cav. Capt. in the Mexican War, Col. and Brig. Gen. in the Confederate Army, is buried here. After Fredericksburg he succeeded to the command of Gen. Thomas R. R. Cobb, who was mortally wounded there. He served with distinction at Manassas, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and the Wilderness. Jan. 23, 1865, the Confederate War Department placed him in charge of forces in North Georgia to protect citizens against “bushwhackers; and “guerrillas; and finally to arrange the surrender of Confederates in Georgia.

20000056 - Mark Anthony Cooper's Iron Works

On Old River Road, near Cartersville, (On the left when traveling north)These ruins of an old iron furnace built by Moses Stroup are all that remain of Cooper's Iron Works, developed by Mark Anthony Cooper, pioneer industrialist, politician, and farmer.

Cooper was born in 1800 near Powelton, Ga. Graduating from S.C. College (now the University of S.C.) in 1819, he was admitted to the bar in 1821 and opened a law office in Eatonton. A member of the Ga. Legislature in 1855, he later served in the 26th Congress, filled a vacancy in the 27th, and was reelected to the 28th. Resigning to run for Governor in 1843, Cooper was defeated by George W. Crawford and retired from politics. Kennesaw Driving Tour 79

Cooper bought an interest in the furnace then owned by Stroup, and in 1847 he and Leroy M. Wiley bought Stroup out. Cooper's plants, including a nail factory, rolling-mill, and flour mill, were destroyed

Sherman`s army. Cooper and Strop were incorporators of the Etowah Railroad

20000056 - Original Hospital Site of Wayside Home

On Main Street, Kingston, (On the right when traveling east)This is the site of Kingston Wayside Home, the first Confederate hospital, established in August, 1861

the Soldier’s Aid Society and other citizens of this vicinity. More than 10

20000057 - New Hope Battlefield

Dedicated to the Northern and the Southern men who gave their all for cherished principles; undivided Union and States’ Rights; in the battle fought here in May, 1864.

20000057 - Paulding County

20000057 - Created December 3, 1832, and named for John Paulding, one of the captors of Major Andre, accomplice of Benedict Arnold. Van Wert, the first county seat, was named for another of the captors. When Polk County was created in 1851, Dallas became the Paulding county seat. Construction of the Seaboard and Southern Railroads through the county, and introduction of the textile industry, were of much importance to county growth. In 1864 major battles were fought at New Hope and Dallas.

20000058 - Site of Cassville 80 Kennesaw Driving Tour

On Cassville Road NW, Cassville, (On the left when traveling south)County seat Cass County 1832-1861. First decision Supreme Court of Georgia, 1846. Name changed to Manassas 1861. Town burned

Sherman 1864 and never rebuilt.

20000058 - Tribute on Monument / 38 Names on Monument

On West Main Street (State Route 113) , Cartersville, (On the right when traveling west)Side 1 This monument is erected by Mark A. Cooper, Proprietor at Etowah, as a Grateful tribute to the Friendship and Liberality of those whose names are hereon inscribed, which prompted them to aid him in the prosecution and development of the interests at Etowah.

Side 2 West Side

Wade S. Cochran • John Banks • William L. Mitchell • J.E. Hart • Pleasant Stovall • John M. Flournoy • James R. Jones • H.S. Smith • Wareham Cromwell • Hon. M.J. Wellborn • John W. Lewis • Lewis Tumlin • Joseph Banks

East Side

Dr. William C. Daniel • Thomas Stocks • Thomas R. Saffold • N.C. Foster • T.B. Baldwin • Dr. H.J. Oglesby • Wiley and Zimmerman • S.R. McCamey • Charles A. Hamilton • M.M. Anderson • Dr. Richard Banks • Thomas Stovall

North Side

Matt Whitfield • Reuben Jordan • W. Maxey • Michael Dennis • Gnl. Robert Bledsoe • Samuel Pearson • D.R. Adams • Elisha Perryman • W.B. Carter • J.H. Gatewood • Andrew Reid • Alfred Shorter br Engraved

S. A. Cox

20000059 - Unknown Confederate Dead Kennesaw Driving Tour 81

On Johnson Street, Kingston, (On the left when traveling south)Here sleep, known but to God, 250 Confederate and two Federal soldiers, most of whom died of wounds, disease and sickness in the Confederate hospitals located here - 1862-1864.

These men were wounded in the battles of Perryville, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and in the Dalton-Kingston Campaign.

Surgeon B.W. Avent was in charge of these hospitals. Hospitals were moved to Atlanta in May of 1864 to avoid capture by Federals. These hospitals later used the Federals.

20000060 - Bill Arp - The Uncivil War to Date

Charles Henry Smith, Major in the GA 8th Infantry Regiment and journalist wrote about the war and reconstruction under the pen name Bill Arp.

He is buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery, Rome, GA.

20000061 - Smith Gilbert Gardens, Kennesaw GA

Smith Gilbert Gardens, Kennesaw GA 2382 Pine Mountain Road Northwest Kennesaw, GA 30152-4127 (770) 422-3384

What a beautiful garden...

20000062 - Historic Marietta Trolley Co. 82 Kennesaw Driving Tour

131 Church Street

Marietta, GA 30060

Phone: (770) 425-1006

Fax: (770) 425-1007

Website: www.mariettatrolley.com E-Mail: [email protected]

The Historic Marietta Trolley Co. offers hour long narrated tours of Historic Marietta, visiting the Square, Historic homes, Cemeteries and Kennesaw Mountain.

20000099 - Atlanta Falls

On Kenesaw Mountain Drive, Kennesaw Mountain, Extension of the Federal right flank threatened to cut off the Confederates from Atlanta, and this caused them to retire toward Atlanta

July 2, 1864. Sherman, following closely, decided not to assault the city, but to cut all roads and railroads around it, so the Confederates would have to fight or retire. President Davis, not satisfied with Johnston's conduct of the compaign, assigned Hood in his place. Four hard battles were fought around the city, but Sherman suceeded in cutting the railroads, and Hood withdrew.The capture of Atlanta,September 2 1864, gave the Federals a base deep in the heart of the Confederacy and did much to assure the re-election of Lincoln and the successful prosecution of the war.

From Atlanta Sherman marched to Savannah and then north through the Carolinas continuing destruction of military assets. General Johnston, restored to command of the Confederate army, surrendered to Sherman April Kennesaw Driving Tour 83

26, 1865, soon after Lee's surrender to Grant.