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Talking Stone: Cherokee Syllabary Inscriptions in Dark Zone Caves
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 12-2017 Talking Stone: Cherokee Syllabary Inscriptions in Dark Zone Caves Beau Duke Carroll University of Tennessee, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Recommended Citation Carroll, Beau Duke, "Talking Stone: Cherokee Syllabary Inscriptions in Dark Zone Caves. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2017. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4985 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Beau Duke Carroll entitled "Talking Stone: Cherokee Syllabary Inscriptions in Dark Zone Caves." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Jan Simek, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: David G. Anderson, Julie L. Reed Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) Talking Stone: Cherokee Syllabary Inscriptions in Dark Zone Caves A Thesis Presented for the Master of Arts Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Beau Duke Carroll December 2017 Copyright © 2017 by Beau Duke Carroll All rights reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would not be possible without the following people who contributed their time and expertise. -
Civil War Letters of Thomas and William Christie. Edited by Hampton Smith
Christie, Thomas and William. Brother of Mine: Civil War Letters of Thomas and William Christie. Edited by Hampton Smith. Minneapolis: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2011. Enlistment, 25 *Slavery, rebellion, 25-26 *Motivation, 26 Benton Barracks, St. Louis, 28-30 *American soldiers, 30 David Hunter, 31 Whiskey, 32, 48 Desertion, pay, 35-36 Fort Henry, 37 Shiloh, 39-47, 50 Food, water, 40 Corinth, 45ff Combat, 48 McClellan, slavery, 51 Surgeons, 51, 56 Slavery, 52 Death, funeral, 53-54 Restrained soldiers, 54 Slave dogs, 58 Pay, gambling, 58-59 Fremont, 59 July 4, 60-61 Artillery, 60-61 Rebel women, 64 *Southern education, war, 68 Foraging, 70 Army marching, 74 Iuka, 73ff Army of the Potomac, 80-81, 85 Plundering, 82 Uncertain plans, 84-85 *Duty, liberty, 89 Good habits, 92 Pay, clothing, 94 Alcohol, 96, 101 Generals, slow, sympathize with traitors, 98 Morality, conversion, 102 Cooking, food, 104 Singing, 105-7 Prayer meeting, 109 Evening in camp, 109 Tent, 110-11 Morale, 113 1 Punishment of rebels, 116 Pay and finances, 118-19 Lorenzo Thomas, black troops, 120-22, 124 Music, 123 Protestants, Catholics, 123-24 Missouri rebels, 127-28 Vicksburg campaign, 128ff Raymond, Mississippi, 129 John A. Logan, 130 Combat, fear, 131-32 Grant, 135 *Slavery, Irish and blacks, 136 Political manipulation and leadership, 141 Shelling Vicksburg, 142-43 Fraternizing, 148 Confederates slavery, 150 July 4, Vicksburg, 151 *ignorant southerners, 153 Confederates, dirty, smelly, 154 Slaves, 156 Gambling, 158 Glory in war, 161 Vicksburg, 162-63 Explosion -
12Th Missouri Infantry
12th Missouri Infantry By: Jon Stacy; Camp Historian, Col. F.K. Hecker Camp #443 (SUVCW) The 12th Missouri Infantry was organized by Major Peter J. Osterhaus, immediately after the 2nd Missouri Infantry was mustered out, on the orders of General John C. Fremont. Osterhaus sent Otto Schadt to St. Louis; to begin recruiting. Many of the soldiers of the 2nd Missouri (those that stayed with Osterhaus at the Battle of Wilson’s Creek) signed up into the new three year regiment, however, two companies from Belleville volunteered their services to Major Osterhaus, after his actions at the Battle of Wilson’s Creek and he took charge of two companies of men, who at the time were unassigned. One company was raised almost entirely in Belleville; under the charge of Jacob Kaercher, which left Belleville for St. Louis on 6 August 1861. The other company was raised with men from Belleville, O’Fallon, Lebanon & from Summerfield; by Hugo A. Wangelin. Many of these men had previously served in the 9th Illinois Infantry (Three Months) and refused to reenlist in the regiment if Colonel Eleazar A. Paine continued to command it. It was stated that 92% of the regiment was born in Europe. Joseph Osterhaus, placed many of the Belleville men in higher position, since he already knew and trusted them. The 12th Missouri was organized on 10 September 1861 with Karecher’s Company being organized as Company A & Wangelin’s Company being organized as Company B. Hugo Wangelin was made a Major at organization. Their training period was brief, as they joined Fremont’s Advance into Central Missouri, where Osterhaus‘ tenure as Commander was effectively ended, as he was made their Division Commander, Major Wangelin took informal Command of the Regiment, in the absence of Lt. -
“Sherman's Atlanta Campaign and the Importance of Railroads”
Lesson provided by: Eric Emmett, Ashworth Middle School: Gordon County “Sherman's Atlanta Campaign and the Importance of Railroads” Intended Setting An eighth grade Georgia social studies classroom utilizing 75 minutes of instructional time per day throughout the year Intended Duration One day Standard and Element Addressed SS8H6 The student will analyze the impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on Georgia. b. State the importance of key events of the Civil War; include Antietam, Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg, Chickamauga, the Union blockade of Georgia's coast, Sherman's Atlanta Campaign, Sherman's March to the Sea, and Andersonville. Essential Question Why were railroads important to the outcome of the Civil, and how did they relate to Sherman's Atlanta Campaign ? Materials Needed An addition to normal classroom supplies such as pencils and paper/notebook, this lesson requires Civil War Era maps illustrating railroad lines both on the national level and in the South. Copies of these maps may be distributed to students and/or displayed using a video data projector. Copies of the handout that is used in conjunction with the maps. (See below) Procedures 1) Opening: (Approx. 5 minutes) After completing normal daily start-up activities such as copying the standard and essential question of the day, students are instructed to activate prior knowledge by writing down the four basic economic needs (food, water, shelter, clothing) as well as other things that a soldier fighting in the Civil War would need (arms, ammunition, other supplies). 2) Recap and Foundational Exercise: (Approx. 10 minutes) As a whole class, review the students' findings of the opening. -
Timeline 1864
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE 1864 January Radical Republicans are hostile to Lincoln’s policies, fearing that they do not provide sufficient protection for ex-slaves, that the 10% amnesty plan is not strict enough, and that Southern states should demonstrate more significant efforts to eradicate the slave system before being allowed back into the Union. Consequently, Congress refuses to recognize the governments of Southern states, or to seat their elected representatives. Instead, legislators begin to work on their own Reconstruction plan, which will emerge in July as the Wade-Davis Bill. [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/reconstruction/states/sf_timeline.html] [http://www.blackhistory.harpweek.com/4Reconstruction/ReconTimeline.htm] Congress now understands the Confederacy to be the face of a deeply rooted cultural system antagonistic to the principles of a “free labor” society. Many fear that returning home rule to such a system amounts to accepting secession state by state and opening the door for such malicious local legislation as the Black Codes that eventually emerge. [Hunt] Jan. 1 TN Skirmish at Dandridge. Jan. 2 TN Skirmish at LaGrange. Nashville is in the grip of a smallpox epidemic, which will carry off a large number of soldiers, contraband workers, and city residents. It will be late March before it runs its course. Jan 5 TN Skirmish at Lawrence’s Mill. Jan. 10 TN Forrest’s troops in west Tennessee are said to have collected 2,000 recruits, 400 loaded Wagons, 800 beef cattle, and 1,000 horses and mules. Most observers consider these numbers to be exaggerated. “ The Mississippi Squadron publishes a list of the steamboats destroyed on the Mississippi and its tributaries during the war: 104 ships were burned, 71 sunk. -
Atlanta History Center HOWARD POUSNER
Atlanta History Center HOWARD POUSNER 76 • THE FEDERAL LAWYER • August 2017 t’s safe to say that in its nine-decade history, the Atlanta History Center has never borrowed a phrase from a popular rap song for a marketing slogan. But there it was this spring on a billboard towering over Atlanta’s I-75/85 Downtown Connector, in giant mint-colored letters sharing space with Iblown-up vintage buttons representing Hank Aaron, the Fox Theatre, and other Atlanta icons: “Do It for the Culture.” As part of a bold rebranding, the illuminated bill- Atlanta community of Buckhead in late 2015. Its main board lifted the line from a hit song by Atlanta rappers point of entry, the Atlanta History Museum, now features Migos. History museums aren’t usually in the habit of a large curved expanse of structural glass and limestone referencing rap songs, but the Atlanta History Center is rising from a base of Georgia granite. The façade opens going through an unprecedented period of reinvention, into an atrium with 30-foot-high ceilings that replaced a clearing cobwebs from its image and projecting the slightly dim and cramped train station-styled lobby. An daring notion that history can be, well, hip. allusion to Atlanta’s railroading-fueled past, that look When the Federal Bar Association holds a reception didn’t fully reflect the city’s more dynamic present, but on the Atlanta History Center’s leafy 33-acre campus the soaring, sunlight-filled new entrance does. And all during its Atlanta Convention on Sept. 14, there will be that curved glass facing West Paces Ferry Road—an other apparent recent changes and evidence of even important stretch that connects the Buck- more afoot. -
Chattanooga Travel Guide Chattanooga Is the Fourth-Largest City In
Chattanooga Travel Guide by newsdesk Chattanooga is the fourth-largest city in Tennessee (after Memphis, Nashville, and Knoxville), and the seat of Hamilton County, in the United States of America. It is located in southeast Tennessee on Chickamauga and Nickajack Lake, which are both part of the Tennessee River, near the border of Georgia, and at the junction of three interstate highways, I-24, I-75, and I-59. The city, at elevation 685 feet, lies at the transition between the ridge-and-valley portion of the Appalachian Mountains and the Cumberland Plateau, is surrounded by ridges. Located on the Tennessee River and situated in Hamilton County, Chattanooga is a true tourist treat. It is an ideal place to enjoy boating, fishing and other water sport activities. The name "Chattanooga" comes from the Creek Indian word for "rock coming to a point." This refers to Lookout Mountain which begins in Chattanooga and stretches 88 miles through Alabama and Georgia. Chattanooga has traditionally touted its tourist attractions, including the Tennessee Aquarium (a freshwater and, as of May 2005, a saltwater aquarium), caverns, and heavy development along and across the Tennessee River. In the downtown area are the Creative Discovery Museum (a hands-on children's museum dedicated to science, art, and music), an IMAX 3D Theatre, and the newly expanded Hunter Museum of American Art. The red-and-black painted "See Rock City" barns along highways in the Southeast are remnants of a now classic Americana tourism campaign to attract visitors to the Rock City tourist attraction in nearby Lookout Mountain, Georgia. -
American Presidents and the Civil War Teacher Guide
the union dissolved american presidents and the civil war teacher guide © Mort Kunstler, Candlelight and Roses, oil on canvas, 1998, 32 x 46” interdisciplinary classroom activities a nd student field trip program Updated Summer 2017 Bartow County Educator Externs Stephanie Diamond, JoAnn Jenkins, Shannon Hensley Booth Western Art Museum Education Department Go For the Blue and Gray How much do you know about the Civil War? See how many questions you can answer. Record answers on a separate page. Score ten points for each correct answer. Score 1. Who risked her life to care for the wounded and later founded the American Red Cross. _____ 2. Which Civil War battle is considered the greatest battle fought in the Western Hemisphere? _____ 3. What did Southerners call the Battle of Bull Run? _____ 4. What Civil War general later died in a standoff with the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians in Montana? _____ 5. What was William T. Sherman’s destructive campaign through the South called? _____ 6. What Union general fought heroically at the Battle of Gettysburg and is also credited with inventing baseball? _____ 7. Why was the Battle of Vicksburg so important? _____ 8. How many Americans were killed during the Civil War? _____ 9. What was the importance of Appomattox Court House in the Civil War? _____ 10. What was Ulysses S. Grant’s full name? _____ 11. What was the “Emancipation Proclamation”? _____ 12. Who was the journalist who did wide research on the Civil War and wrote the book called The Red Badge of Courage? _____ Pre-Visit Activity Total _____ Standard: SS4H5/ SS8H5 Go for the Blue and Gray Answer Key 1. -
South Chickamauga Creek Headwaters Management Plan
2012 SOUTH CHICKAMAUGA CREEK HEADWATERS MANAGEMENT PLAN A local stakeholder and Georgia EPD approved Watershed Management Plan that outlines the framework for improving water quality in South Chickamauga Headwater Streams Acknowledgements The Limestone Valley Resource Conservation and Development Council, Inc., would like to express its appreciation to the many organizations and individuals that assisted with the research and compilation of information presented in this plan. First and foremost, Limestone Valley wishes to thank the Environmental Protection Agency and the Georgia Environmental Protection Division for funding the preparation of this document. Additionally, the council would like to thank the many individuals associated with the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Tennessee Valley Authority that contributed many hours by providing resource information and guidance. Other organizations that contributed to this plan include the Catoosa County Commission, Catoosa County Environmental Health Department, Catoosa County Stormwater Department, Catoosa Soil and Water Conservation District, City of Ringgold, City of Tunnel Hill, City of Varnell, Envision Ecology, Kennesaw State University, South Chickamauga Creek Greenway Alliance, Tennessee Valley Canoe and Kayak Club, and the University of Georgia Cooperative Extension. It is the hope of Limestone Valley RC & D that the information presented here, as well as the cooperative partnerships formed during this process, will work to improve the water quality in South Chickamauga Creek headwaters. Prepared by: Limestone Valley RC & D Council Joshua Smith Daniel Huser 105 Laurel Creek Road Suite 6 Calhoun, GA 30701 Revised: 10/15/12 The preparation of this document was financed in part through a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under the Provisions of Section 319(h) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended. -
Chickamauga the Battle
Chickamauga the Battle, Text and Photographs By Dennis Steele Senior Staff Writer he Battle of Chickamauga flashed into a white-hot clash on September 19, 1863, following engagements in Teastern and central Tennessee and northern Mississippi that caused the withdrawal of the Confederate Army of Tennessee (renamed from the Army of Mississippi) under GEN Braxton Bragg to Chattanooga, Tenn. Bragg was forced to make a further withdrawal into northwest Georgia after the Union’s Army of the Cumberland, under MG William S. Rosecrans, crossed the Tennessee River below Chattanooga, flanking Bragg’s primary line of defense. Chattanooga was a strategic prize. Union forces needed it as a transportation hub and supply center for the planned campaign into Georgia. The South needed the North not to have it. At LaFayette, Ga., about 26 miles south of Chattanooga, Bragg received reinforcements. After preliminary fights to stop Rosecrans, he crossed Chickamauga Creek to check the Union advance. In two days of bloody fighting, Bragg gained a tactical victory over Rosecrans at Chickamauga, driving the Army of the Cumberland from the battlefield. The stage was set for Bragg to lose the strategic campaign for Chattanooga, however, as he failed to pursue the retreating Union force, allowing it to withdraw into Chattanooga behind a heroic rear-guard stand by a force assembled from the disarray by MG George H. Thomas. The Battle of Chickamauga is cited as the last major Southern victory of the Civil War in the Western Theater. It bled both armies. Although official records are sketchy in part, estimates put Northern casualties at around 16,200 and Southern casualties at around 18,000. -
The Graves Family Newsletter
-97- October 2002 ISSN 0146-0269 Volume 25, Number 149 THE GRAVES FAMILY NEWSLETTER Official Publication of the Graves Family Association For all families of Graves, Greaves, Grave, and other spelling variations everywhere CONTENTS Graves Family News...........................97 8th Grade Final Exam, 1895................98 Graves Family Members who are Famous, According to www.findagrave.com.....................100 Rear Admiral Thomas Graves in the Anglo-Dutch War...........................102 Address Changes .............................105 Membership Directory Updates ........105 Questions and Information................105 Descendants of George Greaves and Sarah ------ of England & PA.........105 Descendants of Philander Graves and Harriet Minerva Miner of MA & IL, Descended from Thomas Graves of Hartford, CT ..................................107 Descendants of Henry Graves and Ann ------ of TN, VA & DuBois Co., IN ..111 Descendants of R. B. Graves of Hunt Co. & Erath Co., TX ......................115 GRAVES FAMILY NEWS We were very sorry to hear of the death of Mr. Sidney S. Graves of Zephyrhills, FL, descended from Lt. WILLIAM GRAVES and Elizabeth Williams of MA, NS & NB, Canada. He was born 21 May 1935 and died 23 Oct. 2002, son of Kathryn Merle Graves and Robert E. Day, and grandson of William Steadman Currie Graves (called Steadman) and Cecelia May Caldwell of Elgin, NB. -98- 8TH GRADE FINAL EXAM, 1895 carry on a school seven months at $50 per month, and have $104 for incidentals? Remember when our grandparents, great- 5. Find cost of 6720 lbs. coal at $6.00 per grandparents, and such stated that they ton. only had an 8th grade education? Well, 6. Find the interest of $512.60 for 8 check this out. -
Faqs on the Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama Move
FAQs on Atlanta History Center’s Move Why is The Battle of Atlanta cyclorama painting moving to of The Atlanta History Center? Battle of In July 2014, Mayor Kasim Reed announced the relocation Atlanta and the restoration of this historic Atlanta Cyclorama painting Cyclorama The Battle of Atlanta to the History Center, as part of a 75 Painting year license agreement with the City of Atlanta. Atlanta History Center has the most comprehensive collection of Civil War artifacts at one location in the nation, including the comprehensive exhibition Turning Point: The American Civil War, providing the opportunity to make new connections between the Cyclorama and other artifacts, archival records, photographs, rare books, and contemporary research. As new stewards of the painting, Atlanta History Center provides a unique opportunity to renew one of the city’s most important cultural and historic artifacts. Where will the painting and locomotive be located at the History Center? The Battle of Atlanta painting will be housed in a custom– built, museum-quality environment, in the Lloyd and Mary Ann Whitaker Cyclorama Building, located near the corner of West Paces Ferry Road and Slaton Drive, directly behind Veterans Park, and connected to the Atlanta History Museum atrium through Centennial Olympic Games Museum hallway. The Texas locomotive will be displayed in a 2,000-square-foot glass-fronted gallery connecting Atlanta History Museum with the new cyclorama building. What is the condition of the painting? “Better than you might think,” said Gordon Jones, Atlanta History Center Senior Military Historian and a co-leader of the Cyclorama project team.