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Discharge Measurements at Chari, Logone and Koulambou River, Chad Report N° 5 July 2013

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Discharge Measurements at Chari, Logone and Koulambou River, Chad Report N° 5 July 2013 SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT OF THE LAKE CHAD BASIN Discharge Measurements at Chari, Logone and Koulambou River, Chad Report N° 5 July 2013 Lake Chad Basin Commission Federal Institute of Geosciences and Natural Resources Rond Point des Grandes Armes N’Djamena, Chad Hannover, Germany Authors: Torsten Krekeler, Kristin Seeber Commissioned by: Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (Bundesministerium für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ) Project: Sustainable Water Management of the Lake Chad Basin BMZ-No.: 2010.2274.8 BGR-No.: 05-2355 BGR-Archive No.: Date: 10.07.2013 I Table of Content Table of Content .................................................................................................................... II Table of Figures .................................................................................................................... II List of Tables .........................................................................................................................III List of Annex .........................................................................................................................III Abbreviations ....................................................................................................................... IV Timetable of the Mission ....................................................................................................... IV 1 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 1 2 Participants .................................................................................................................... 2 3 Objective ........................................................................................................................ 2 4 Locations of Measurements and Gauging Stations ......................................................... 2 5 Materials and Methods ................................................................................................... 4 Water Level Measurement ................................................................................................. 4 ADCP Instrument of BGR .................................................................................................. 4 ADCP Instrument of DREM ................................................................................................ 5 6 Results ........................................................................................................................... 5 Chari River, N’Djamena TP Gauging Station...................................................................... 6 Chari River, Mailao Gauging Station .................................................................................. 7 Logone River, Logone-Gana Gauging Station.................................................................... 9 Koulambou River at Logone-Gana Gauging Station .........................................................11 Logone River, Bongor Gauging Station .............................................................................12 7 General Findings ...........................................................................................................14 8 Recommendations ........................................................................................................16 9 Extended Summary .......................................................................................................17 10 References ................................................................................................................18 Table of Figures Figure 1 Catchment area of Logone and Chari River and gauging stations ........................... 3 Figure 2 Inundation zone of Logone River ............................................................................. 3 Figure 3 Chari gauging station at Mailao ............................................................................... 4 Figure 4 BGR ADCP at N’Djamena TP gauging station ......................................................... 5 Figure 5 Core of the BGR instrument: SonTec M9 Probe (Source: SonTec) ......................... 5 II Figure 6 DREM ADCP fixed on a Zodiac boat ....................................................................... 5 Figure 7 Core of the DREM instrument: RDI Workhorse Rio Grande (Source: RDI) .............. 5 Figure 8 Water level at Ndjamena TP station ........................................................................ 6 Figure 9 Cross section and distribution of velocity measured with DREM instrument ............ 6 Figure 10 Chari River cross section and distribution of flow velocity from BGR instrument .... 7 Figure 11 Rating curve of N’Djamena TP station ................................................................... 7 Figure 12 Water level at Mailao station .................................................................................. 8 Figure 13 Cross section and velocity distribution of Chari River at Mailao station .................. 8 Figure 14 Rating curve of Chari River at Mailao station ......................................................... 9 Figure 15 Water level at Logone-Gana station .....................................................................10 Figure 16 Cross-section from BGR instrument at Logone-Gana station ...............................10 Figure 17 Rating curve of Logone River at Logone-Gana station .........................................11 Figure 18 Cross-section of Koulambou River at Logone-Gana station measured with RDI instrument ............................................................................................................................12 Figure 19 Cross-section of Koulambou River at Logone-Gana station ..................................12 Figure 20 Water level at Bongor station ................................................................................13 Figure 21 Cross-section of Logone River at Bongor station ..................................................13 Figure 22 Cross section at Bongor station measured with BGR instrument ..........................14 Figure 23 Rating curve of Logone River at Bongor station ....................................................14 Figure 24 Loosing stream conditions at Logone ...................................................................15 List of Tables Table 1 Comparison of results ............................................................................................ 15 List of Annex Annex 1 Discharge summary charts of all measurements Annex 2 Technical data sheet of Workhorse Rio Grande ADCP Annex 3 Technical data sheet of Sontek RiverSurveyor III Abbreviations A Area [m²] ADCP Acoustic Doppler Currentmeter Profiler BGR Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources CBLT Lake Chad Basin Commission DREM Meteorological Institute of Chad DVWK now: DWA – German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste Q Discharge [m³/s] Timetable of the Mission 15.02.2013 Arrival of T. Krekeler at the Airport N’Djamena 16.02.2013 Discharge measurements at the Chari River, Mailao gauging station (BGR ADCP) 17.02.2013 Presentation and explanation of Infiltrometer 18.02.2013 Gauging station installation at Logone-Gana and discharge measurements with BGR ADCP device at a tributary of the Logone River (BGR ADCP) 19.02.2013 Finishing gauging station at Logone-Gana and discharge measurements at the Logone River (BGR and DREM ADCP) 20.02.2013 Discharge measurements at Logone River, Bongor gauging station (BGR and DREM ADCP) 21.02.2013 On the job training of the DREM hydrologist in using the associated software Discharge measurements at Chari-Logone River, N’Djamena-TP gauging station (BGR and DREM ADCP) Departure of T. Krekeler IV 1 Summary Authors: Torsten Krekeler, Kristin Seeber Title: Discharge Measurements at Chari, Logone and Koulambou River, Chad Keywords: Lake Chad Basin, hydrology, discharge, flow measurement, rating curve In February 2013 discharge measurements at Logone, Chari and Koulambou River were conducted. Discharge and water levels at four gauging stations were measured during the mission and one gauging station could be reinstalled. The ADCP device of DREM could be set into operation after it was not used for about six years. The ADCP measurements show generally lower discharges than the values taken from the rating tables that were provided by CBLT, originating from DREM. The differences between these values account to 10 – 50 %. Some of the measurements, on which the rating curves are based on, are rather old; e.g. from 1983. It is recommended to use the ADCP frequently to check the existing rating curves. The reach of Logone River where the measurements were carried out was found in loosing stream conditions. 1 2 Participants Abba Tapsala, Hydrologist DREM Headquarters, N’Djamena Ahmed Sedick, CBLT Hydrologist, N’Djamena Djoret Daira, CBLT Hydrogeologist, N’Djamena Amino Magadji, CBLT wetland expert, N’Djamena Muhammed Bila, CBLT remote sensing and GIS expert, N’Djamena Kristin Seeber, BGR-CBLT Project, N’Djamena Torsten Krekeler, BGR Headquarters, Hannover 3 Objective One of the activities of the BGR-CBLT project in 2013 is to improve the scientific understanding of the interaction between surface water and groundwater in Lake Chad Basin. Therefore, a pilot project area, the inundation zones of the Logone River, was defined at the planning workshop in November 2012. To understand
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