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Covid-19 Tracing Contacts Apps: Technical and Privacy Issues
Int. J. Advance Soft Compu. Appl, Vol. 12, No. 3, November 2020 ISSN 2074-8523; Copyright © ICSRS Publication, 2020 www.i-csrs.org Covid-19 Tracing Contacts Apps: Technical and Privacy Issues Salaheddin J. Juneidi Computer Engineering Department, Palestine Technical University Khadoorei1, Hebron, West Bank Palestine. e-mail: [email protected] Received 20 July 2020; Accepted 5 October 2020 Abstract Since the start of the year 2020 the world is facing an outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic, technical specialists all over the universe have been scrambling to develop services, apps, and system’s protocols for contactors tracing, with the objective to identify and to notify everyone that gets close with an individual carrier. Some of these apps are lightweight and temporary, while others are diffuse and aggressive. Some of tracing services are developed locally by small interested programmers, while others are large-scale international operations. To date, we have recognized more than 25 large automated contact tracing efforts around the globe, included with details about what they were, how they worked, and the procedures and conditions that were put in place around them. This paper will deal with general data of the most prominent applications in terms of technical approaches used in the world and compare them with regard to the efficiency of tracking covid-19 and compare them with concerning of the people’s privacy who use these apps. Keywords: Covid-19, GPS location, Blue trace, Google/Apple, DP-3T, Apps, Privacy. 1. Introduction Many applications, services and systems have been proposed and launched [1] with an aim to track and identify infected people with objective to reduce or even to prevent physical contact with other people, some of these tracking 1 Special thanks to Palestine Technical University -Khadoorei for continuous support of research efforts Salaheddin J. -
Dr Omar Khorshid, Doorstop, Fremantle, Tuesday, 4 May 2021
Australian Medical Association Limited ABN 37 008 426 793 42 Macquarie Street, Barton ACT 2600: PO Box 6090, Kingston ACT 2604 Telephone: (02) 6270 5400 Facsimile (02) 6270 5499 Website : http://www.ama.com.au/ Transcript: AMA President, Dr Omar Khorshid, Doorstop, Fremantle, Tuesday, 4 May 2021 Subject: Australians in India, hospital supplies, COVID restrictions on birthing suites, aged care OMAR KHORSHID: Today, I wrote to the Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Federal Health Minister Greg Hunt, on behalf of the AMA, asking them to immediately withdraw the threats to Australians who are stranded in India, to jail them, imprison them, or fine them heavily for simply wanting to return home and to escape the devastation that is occurring at the moment in India. To be clear, the AMA is supportive of the pause on flights so that our hotel quarantine system can be readied for the increased risk that we are clearly seeing now of Australians returning with the virus, making absolutely sure that Australia is safe in the event that we have increased numbers coming through from India. But the announcement from the Government has caused a lot of distress in our community. There's been outrage from a very wide range of groups, including many doctors, AMA members, and in particular members of our Indian medical community who have been distressed beyond words with this announcement, on top of the distress that they're already experiencing with friends and family being exposed to the terrible risks that are occurring in India. We believe that there is a clear way forward here. -
COVID-19 Vaccines How Vaccinations Can Help End the Current Pandemic
9/20/2021 HELP SAVE SAN DIEGO LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS COVID-19 Vaccines How Vaccinations Can Help End the Current Pandemic HELP SAVE SAN DIEGO LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS 1 • Thank you for joining me today to discuss this important topic. • Today we are going to share information about the COVID-19 vaccines available, including: • Why it is important to get vaccinated • How the vaccines were developed • How the vaccines will be distributed to the public 1 9/20/2021 Note The COVID-19 situation changes rapidly. Information provided in this presentation is accurate as of: 9/20/2021 HELP SAVE SAN DIEGO LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS 2 • This is a rapidly changing situation. The information I will share today is current as of… 2 9/20/2021 Today’s Presentation • Background • Why Get Vaccinated? • Vaccine Development and Safety • Vaccine Distribution • Preparing for Vaccination • After You Are Fully Vaccinated • Key Reminders HELP SAVE SAN DIEGO LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS 3 Today’s Presentation: • Background • Why Get Vaccinated? • Vaccine Development and Safety • Vaccine Distribution • Preparing for Vaccination • After You Are Fully Vaccinated • Key Reminders 3 9/20/2021 Key Terms • Vaccine: prepares your body to fight the disease faster and more effectively by producing antibodies, so you are less likely to get sick if you are exposed to the disease-causing germ. • Vaccination: the act of getting a vaccine, usually as a shot. • Immunization: the process of becoming immune to (protected against) a disease. HELP SAVE SAN DIEGO LIVES AND LIVELIHOODS 4 • Here are some key terms that we will be using during this presentation: • Vaccine: prepares your body to fight the disease faster and more effectively so you are less likely to get sick if you are exposed to the disease-causing germ. -
The Hon. Scott Morrison MP MEDIA STATEMENT NATIONAL CABINET
The Hon. Scott Morrison MP Prime Minister MEDIA STATEMENT Friday 9 April 2021 NATIONAL CABINET STATEMENT The National Cabinet met today to discuss Australia’s COVID-19 response and the Australian COVID- 19 Vaccine Strategy. National Cabinet continues to work together to address issues and find solutions to the health and economic consequences of COVID-19. The Chief Medical Officer, Professor Paul Kelly, provided an update on the latest epidemiological data and medical advice in relation to COVID-19. There have been 29,390 confirmed cases in Australia and, sadly, 909 people have died. More than 16 million tests have been undertaken in Australia. To date Australia’s existing systems built around social distancing, testing, tracing, local health responses and quarantine have effectively mitigated the broader spread of COVID-19 virus and new variants of COVID-19 into the Australian community. COVID-19 vaccines will further strengthen Australia’s ability to control the virus. Australia has done well on both the health and economic fronts compared to most countries around the world. National Cabinet noted the significant increase in COVID-19 cases in many countries and the comparative strength of Australia’s effort in addressing COVID compared to most other developed economies. Globally there have been over 133 million cases and sadly over 2.9 million deaths, with around 816,000 new cases reported in the last 24 hours. Australia’s COVID-19 vaccine roll out is expanding. To date 1,077,511 doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered in Australians, including 81,297 in the last 24 hours. -
A Covidsafe Corridor – National Protocols for the Resumption of International Student Travel IHEA Welcomes the National Cabine
A COVIDSafe Corridor – National Protocols for the Resumption of International Student Travel IHEA welcomes the National Cabinet’s Roadmap to a COVIDSafe Australia including consideration of the conditions under which international student travel can recommence. All Australians benefit from the contribution international students and their families make to our economy. It is critical that the international education industry can bounce back in the next major student commencement period for Australian higher education in early 2021. IHEA proposes a COVIDSafe Corridor for international student travel comprising four elements: national protocols; pilot programs; provider principles; and participation of independent providers in pilots. Australia’s high quality independent higher education providers have the capacity to implement national protocols, the essential characteristics for international student support and success, and are well placed to participate in successful pilot programs. International education is Australia’s third largest export industry contributing $38 billion to our national economy and generating 250,000 jobs. A resumption of student travel is critical to the recovery of Australia’s economy and the jobs and livelihoods of Australian workers and their families. 1. IHEA proposes national protocols to establish a COVIDSafe Corridor to facilitate the safe entry of international students to Australia. Development of a ‘COVIDSafe Corridor’ that establishes the conditions for international student travel to resume is essential -
Team COVID-19 Profiles
Team COVID-19 profiles These articles were published by The Mandarin between March and July 2020. They were written and compiled by Croakey editors Jennifer Doggett and Melissa Sweet, with the exception of the profile of James Downie, which was written by a staffer at The Mandarin. Jennifer and Melissa acknowledge the assistance of health departments and colleagues, and all those who gave time for interviews. The profiles are supported by the Judith Neilson Institute for Journalism and Ideas. We pay our respects to the Traditional Custodians of the country where we live, work and travel upon, and to Elders, past, present and future. Contents Introduction ............................................................ 1 NSW Kerry Chant .......................................................... 52 National Dawn Casey .............................................................3 VIC Nick Coatsworth ....................................................5 Brett Sutton ..........................................................54 Simon Cotterell ......................................................7 Lucas de Toca ........................................................ 9 TAS James Downie ....................................................... 11 Fran Tiplady .........................................................56 Jenny Firman ........................................................ 13 Gabi Willis .............................................................58 Chris Gatenby .......................................................16 SA Paul Kelly -
Roadmap Out: Headline Measures Fact Sheet
Roadmap toRoadmap a COVIDSafe Australia: Out: Headline Headline Measures Fact Sheet Measures A fact sheet tracking the easing of restrictionsFact Federally Sheet and by State and Territory. Included in this is National Cabinet announcements, State and Territory roadmaps to recovery and information in relationMonth, to schools Date,, border 2017 closures , social distancing and travel restrictions. Natalie Chynoweth November 2020 Current as at 13th November 2020 Roadmap Out: Headline Measures Fact Sheet Factsheet as at 13 November 2020 Contents 1. Framework for National Reopening – 23 October 2020 ................................................................. 3 2. National Cabinet announcements ................................................................................................. 6 3. State and Territory Individual Roadmaps .................................................................................... 32 QLD Roadmap - updated 1 October 2020 ....................................................................................... 32 WA Roadmap - updated 19 October ............................................................................................... 33 ACT Roadmap – updated 9 October ............................................................................................... 34 VIC Roadmap – 27 October ............................................................................................................ 35 State & Territory Statements on Roadmaps Out: Easing Restrictions ............................................. -
Digital Contact Tracing and the Coronavirus: Israeli and Comparative Perspectives
DIGITAL CONTACT TRACING AND THE CORONAVIRUS: ISRAELI AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES TEHILLA SHWARTZ ALTSHULER RACHEL ARIDOR HERSHKOVITZ GOVERNANCE | AUGUST 2020 DIGITAL CONTACT TRACING AND THE CORONAVIRUS: ISRAELI AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES TEHILLA SHWARTZ ALTSHULER RACHEL ARIDOR HERSHKOVITZ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Digital contact tracing is the main technological issue currently facing countries that are dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper explains the concept of digital contact tracing and highlights its importance as a helpful tool for human epidemiological investigations and for minimizing the spread of the novel coronavirus. It goes on to survey the international scale of policy tools that have been selected for the purpose of digital contact tracing — ranging from China, which imposed mandatory means on all citizens that incorporate artificial intelligence and generate a “health code”; to Asian democracies such as South Korea and Taiwan, which have implemented intrusive digital tracking tools that are run by civil agencies, with no involvement of the secret services; to the democratic countries of Europe as well as Australia, New Zealand, and the United States, which employ digital contact tracing only with citizens’ consent. Israel, it was found, has positioned itself between the Asian democracies and China. We believe that a new outbreak of the pandemic in the winter of 2020-2021 is liable to prompt countries to choose one of two options. The first is to refrain from using digital contact-tracing technology because of its infringement on privacy. We believe this would be the wrong choice, because it means losing a major technological advantage for coping with the virus and would merely reinforce the mistaken argument that privacy and innovation are incompatible. -
A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps
Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-18-2020 10:45 AM Protecting Health Data in a Pandemic: A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps Leah Krehling, The University of Western Ontario Supervisor: Essex, Aleksander, The University of Western Ontario A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the Master of Engineering Science degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering © Leah Krehling 2020 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Other Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons Recommended Citation Krehling, Leah, "Protecting Health Data in a Pandemic: A Systematic Adversarial Threat Analysis of Contact Tracing Apps" (2020). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 7586. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7586 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract In this thesis centralized, decentralized, Bluetooth, and GPS based applications of digital contact tracing were reviewed and assessed. Using privacy principles created by a contingent of security and privacy experts from across Canada, a metric of assessing an application’s privacy was created. An attack tree was built to assess the security of the contact tracing applications. Eighteen attacks were theorized against contact tracing applications currently in use. An application’s vulnerability to the attacks was measured using a scoring system developed for this purpose. The results of the security scores were used to create a metric for assessing the security of contact tracing systems. -
The Hon. Scott Morrison MP STATEMENT UPDATE on CORONAVIRUS MEASURES
UNOFFICIAL The Hon. Scott Morrison MP Prime Minister STATEMENT Friday 12 June 2020 UPDATE ON CORONAVIRUS MEASURES The National Cabinet met today to further discuss Australia’s current COVID-19 response, easing restrictions in the coming months, helping Australians prepare to go back to work in a COVID-safe environment and getting the economy moving again. The Chief Medical Officer, Professor Brendan Murphy, provided an update on the measures underway, the latest data and medical advice in relation to COVID-19. Treasury Secretary, Dr Stephen Kennedy, provided an update on the labour market and current economic conditions. There have been over 7,200 confirmed cases in Australia and sadly 102 people have died. There are now less than 500 active cases in Australia, and over the past week, daily infection rates have remained low. Testing remains high, with more than 1.7 million tests undertaken in Australia. National Cabinet recommitted to a strategy of suppression of COVID-19. We need to continue to have the right controls in place to test more people, trace those who test positive and respond to local outbreaks when they occur. These are precedent conditions to enable Australia to relax baseline restrictions and enable Australians to live and work in a COVID-safe economy. National Cabinet again encouraged Australians to download the COVIDSafe app to ensure that we can protect Australians and continue to ease baseline restrictions. More than 6.3 million Australians have already downloaded the COVIDSafe app. This is an enormous achievement but more is needed. National Cabinet will meet again on 26 June 2020. -
Market-Level Analysis of Government-Backed COVID-19
Market-level Analysis of Government-backed COVID-19 Contact Tracing Apps Huiyi Wang Liu Wang∗ Haoyu Wang Beijing University of Posts and Beijing University of Posts and Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China Telecommunications, China Telecommunications, China ABSTRACT the world have adopted numerous measures, including lock- To help curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, govern- downs, social distancing, and contact tracing. In general, ments and public health authorities around the world have contact tracing is the process of identification of persons who launched a number of contact-tracing apps. Although con- may have come into contact with an infected person (“con- tact tracing apps have received extensive attentions from the tacts”) for identifying and supporting exposed individuals to be research community, no existing work has characterized the quarantined on time [1]. Past experience suggested that Con- users’ adoption of contact tracing apps from the app market tact tracing is the key to slowing the spread of contagious level. In this work, we perform the first market-level analysis diseases, including COVID-19 [2]. of contact tracing apps. We perform a longitudinal empirical As a result, governments and public health authorities study (over 4 months) of eight government-backed COVID- around the world have launched a number of contact-tracing 19 contact tracing apps in iOS app store. We first collect all mobile apps. By the time of this study, there are at least the daily meta information (e.g., app updates, app rating, 50 contact tracing apps in both Google Play and iOS App app comments, etc.) of these contact tracing apps from their Store. -
Contact Tracing in the Privacy Age What’S the Future of Digital Contact Tracing in NZ?
Contact tracing in the privacy age What’s the future of digital contact tracing in NZ? “Contact tracing” is one of the phrases Covid-19 has introduced into our everyday vernacular and even our legislation. Most New Zealand businesses, including retail stores, malls, cafes, cinemas and gyms, are now able to operate if they comply with public health guidelines, including the COVID-19 Public Health Response (Alert Level 2) Order 2020. One of the requirements imposed by the Order is for businesses to keep records to enable contact tracing. The question now is how do we effectively contact trace on national scale, which practicably means digitally, while keeping within our current regulatory regime? In this article, we comment on the data privacy issues involved, and look at what the public sector or any business looking to develop or implement digital contact tracing solutions should consider. What you need to know: Keeping records to enable contact Digital contact tracing solutions should tracing is a legal requirement. be developed with a “privacy by design” approach, to give the public confidence in these solutions. Other countries have examples of how digital contact tracing can work effectively. Additional privacy safeguards should be implemented before, during and Effective digital contact-tracing requires after development of any digital contact wide public adoption. tracing solution. Authored by Karen Ngan and Po Tsai of Simpson Grierson and reproduced with permission. This article originally appeared on the Simpson Grierson site, here. The information in this article was current as at the date of publication of 15 May 2020. To see the most recent developments, please check here.