COVIDTAS COVID-19 Tracing App Scale—An Evaluation Framework
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Data, AI Governance, and COVID -19: Medium and Long-Term Perspectives for Asia
September, 2020 Data, AI Governance, and COVID -19: Medium and Long-Term Perspectives for Asia CHINA Yi Zeng Kang Sun Enmeng Lu Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences SOUTH KOREA Sangchul Park Yong Lim Seoul National University Seoul National University SINGAPORE Mark Findlay Singapore Management University JAPAN Arisa Ema The University of Tokyo Table of Contents Foreword 03 CHINA 06 Ethics and Governance Perspectives to Fight Against Catastrophic Risks: From COVID-19 to Long-term Safety Issues of Artificial General Intelligence 1. AI Ethics, Governance and Practices in Fighting Against COVID-19 06 2. The use of AI to Fight Against COVID-19: Technical advancements, Ethical Risks, and Governance 06 2-1 Overview of AI usage to COVID-19 06 2-2 Health code system 08 2-3 Social, Ethical, and Legal concerns, and responses to Data Governance 09 2-4 Privacy Protection for Public Health Management 10 3. Yet Another Potential Catastrophic Risk: Long-term Safety Issues of Artificial General Intelligence 11 SOUTH KOREA 14 Harnessing technology to tackle COVID-19: Lessons from Korea 1. Korea Responds to COVID-19 14 2. The Role of Technology in Korea’s Response to COVID-19 14 2-1 GPS Tracking for Quarantine Measures 14 2-2 Automated Contact Tracing 15 2-3 Public Disclosure of the Routes of Confirmed Cases 17 3. Tech Governance Issues in the COVID-19 Era 17 3-1 Technology Enabled Centralized Contact Tracing 17 3-2 Public Disclosure of the Route of Confirmed Cases 19 4. Looking Ahead 21 01 Table of Contents SINGPORE 23 Singapore and COVID-19 control – a tale of 2 cities? 1. -
Guidelines for Contact Tracing
Guidelines for Contact Tracing What is contact tracing? This is the process of identifying contacts of an infectious person. It is an important part of controlling the spread of disease. Contacts who have been exposed to an illness may become sick themselves and/or may spread the disease to others. Who is a contact? A contact is a person who has interacted with (or may have interacted with) a person who has an infectious disease. Contacts have been exposed to an infected person (the originally infected person) while the person was infectious. An infected person with covid-19 case may have many contacts. Why contact trace? • To reduce the spread of COVID-19. Contacts that are notified of their possible infection can be treated earlier. They can also prevent spreading their infection by practicing increased hygiene measures, isolating themselves, etc. • Contact tracing also allows SWTJC to monitor the disease impact on the organization. Some regions may impose legal guidelines concerning contact tracing. Public health authorities may carry out contact tracing, and organizations are encouraged to assist as much as possible. Are there different levels of contact? Yes. The risk of contracting an illness is higher for those who had close contact with an infected person. There are three levels of contact: 1) Close Contacts • People who have cared for or lived with the index case or people who had a high likelihood of direct unprotected contact with respiratory secretions and/or body fluids of the index case (such as family members and health care workers) are considered to have had close contact. -
View Questions Tabled on PDF File 0.16 MB
Published: Thursday 22 October 2020 Questions tabled on Wednesday 21 October 2020 Includes questions tabled on earlier days which have been transferred. T Indicates a topical oral question. Members are selected by ballot to ask a Topical Question. † Indicates a Question not included in the random selection process but accepted because the quota for that day had not been filled. N Indicates a question for written answer on a named day under S.O. No. 22(4). [R] Indicates that a relevant interest has been declared. Questions for Answer on Thursday 22 October Questions for Written Answer 1 Tim Farron (Westmorland and Lonsdale): To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, if he will extend the Green Homes Grant for 12 months to March 2022 to (a) allow the full uptake of the scheme and (b) help stimulate new green jobs. [Transferred] (106286) 2 N Neil Gray (Airdrie and Shotts): To ask the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, what steps his Department is taking to maximise uptake of the Warm Home Scheme among pensioners eligible for Pension Credit but not yet claiming that benefit. [Transferred] (105382) 3 Henry Smith (Crawley): To ask the Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport, what plans he has to support equine rescue charities whose income has reduced as a result of the covid-19 outbreak and who are ineligible for the job support schemes. [Transferred] (106523) 4 Tom Tugendhat (Tonbridge and Malling): To ask the Secretary of State for Transport, how many local authorities have (a) offered structural payment plans and (b) provided three month delays to payments for annual taxi licence renewals since March 2020. -
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6 < %()(=#%% 53%7==,>3='$()6(=#%% (#-'>3='$()6(=#%% $'()"*$+&,- %( !"# $$%& 2(*3-% (566)(37)% 3 0 4 $5 3 $1 2 0 .8 9 8 ++0 0 .:; . !" . / 01 $ %'( $) '# *' it for the last eight to nine notable achievements to its months, “where is the UN in name in the 75 years of its aking a strong case for a this joint fight. Where is the experience, including the pre- Msignificant role for India effective response.” vention of a third world war, in the United Nations, Prime Focussing on a more “we can’t deny terrorist attacks 0 Minister Narendra Modi on prominent role for India in the shook the world”. Saturday stressed the need for UN and fight against corona, “We have successfully ne of the oldest partners changes in the international the Prime Minister avoided avoided a third world war but Oof the BJP — the body and questioned its posi- making any reference to ongo- we cannot deny many wars Shiromani Akali Dal — which tion in fighting the coron- ing tension at the Line of happened, many civil wars has been with it through thick avirus pandemic. Actual Control (LAC) and happened. Terrorist attack and thin for decades, finally He also assured the global frosty ties with Pakistan in his shook the world. Blood was quit the National Democratic Q community that India will pro- 20-minute speech. He also did spilled. Those were killed were Alliance (NDA) on Saturday, vide corona vaccine to the not respond to Pakistan Prime like you and me. Children left signaling a complete political world as it is the world’s biggest Minister Imran Khan’s remarks the world prematurely,” he said. -
COVID-19. Rarely Does the World Offer Proof of an Academic Argument, and Even More Rarely in a Single Word Or Term
PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK uU COVID-19. Rarely does the world offer proof of an academic argument, and even more rarely in a single word or term. But there it is. COVID-19 has shown us in the starkest terms—life and death—what happens when we don’t trust science and defy the advice of experts. As of this writing, the United States leads the world in both total cases and total deaths from COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus that appeared in 2019. One might think that death rates would be highest in China, where the virus first emerged and doctorswere presumably caught unpre- pared, but that is not the case. According to The Lancet— the world’s premier medical journal—as of early October 2020, China had confirmed 90,604 cases of COVID-19 and 4,739 deaths, while the United States had registered 7,382,194 cases and 209,382 deaths.1 And China has a population more than four times that of the United States. If the United States had a pandemic pattern similar to China, we would have seen only 22,500 cases and 1128 deaths. While COVID-19 has killed people across the globe, death rates have been far higher in the United States than in other wealthy countries, such as Germany, Iceland, South Korea, New Zealand, and Taiwan, and even than in some much poorer x • Preface to the Paperback countries, such as Vietnam.2 The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine puts the US death rate per 100,000 people at 65.5.3 In Germany it is 11.6. -
Attorney General Frosh Asks Apple and Google to Ensure All Contact
Brian E. Frosh Media Contacts: Attorney General [email protected] 410-576-7009 Attorney General Frosh Asks Apple and Google to Ensure All Contact Tracing Apps Serve a Public Health Purpose Bipartisan Coalition of Attorneys General Expresses Concern about Privacy Implications in Letters Sent to Apple and Google BALTIMORE, MD (June 16, 2020) – Maryland Attorney General Brian E. Frosh today asked Google and Apple to ensure all contact tracing and exposure notification apps related to COVID- 19 adequately protect consumers’ personal information. Joining a bipartisan coalition of attorneys general, Attorney General Frosh specifically asked Google and Apple to guarantee that such apps, when available to consumers, are affiliated with a public health authority and removed from Google Play and the App Store once no longer needed by public health authorities. In a letter sent today to the chief executive officers of Apple and Google, the Attorneys General acknowledge that while digital contact tracing and exposure notification tools are valuable in understanding the spread of COVID-19 and assisting public health authorities, these same technologies pose a risk to consumers’ privacy. “In the midst of a global pandemic, easily accessible digital contract tracing apps may be a valuable tool to help reduce the spread of COVID-19,” said Attorney General Frosh. “But it is essential that we avoid exposing consumers’ personal and health information to unverified, questionable apps.” Digital contact tracing may provide a valuable tool to understand the spread of COVID-19 and assist the public health response to the pandemic. However, such technology also poses a risk to consumers’ personally identifiable information, including sensitive health information, that could continue long after the present public health emergency ends. -
Thursday, April 22, 2021
TE NUPEPA O TE TAIRAWHITI THURSDAY, APRIL 22, 2021 HOME-DELIVERED $1.90, RETAIL $2.20 ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT // PAGES 23-26 PUNCHED WOMAN IN FACE: MAN ON A SPACE Suppression MISSION PAGE 3 PAGE 9 appeal fails INSIDE TODAY IN THE RED ZONE: Queens/ Titirangi Drive, the road over Titirangi/Kaiti Hill, is open to vehicles again after contractors finished line- marking the new one-way system. The line markings define the one-way route (red) for cars and the cycle and walking lane (green). The entire project is expected to be finished next month. Busy with the rollers on the red side of the road are, front, Coastline Markers Waikato foreman Simon Costain and, from left, Fred Chapman, site traffic management supervisor Joerena Wharehinga, Omar Bashe and Morehu Enoka. Picture by Liam Clayton Frustrated OIympic ‘WE’RE OUT’ Pool Redevelopment Group calls it quits A WATER sports advocate The Gisborne Herald (April 3) that “With the amount of government Mrs Keepa said widening the pool and group is disbanding with “intense councillors, during a public excluded support this project received, the group being able to change the depth at one end disappointment” at being “kept in the meeting (on March 18), approved the don’t want to see money taken away with a moveable floor would “maximise dark” over plans for the new Olympic moveable floor but only if the group from other critical projects in Tairawhiti, the usability for the community — aqua Pool Complex. secured the $1.5 million required for it including many other facilities due to be fitness, injury rehabilitation, family use, The Game-Changing Opportunity by April 30. -
Lessons from Countries Implementing Find, Test, Trace, Isolation and Support Policies in the Rapid Response of the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review
BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047832 on 29 June 2021. Downloaded from Open access Original research Lessons from countries implementing find, test, trace, isolation and support policies in the rapid response of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review Sheng- Chia Chung ,1 Sushila Marlow,2 Nicholas Tobias,3 Alessio Alogna,4 Ivano Alogna,5 San- Lin You,6,7 Kamlesh Khunti,8 Martin McKee ,9 Susan Michie,10 Deenan Pillay11 To cite: Chung S- C, Marlow S, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Tobias N, et al. Lessons from Objective To systematically learn lessons from the countries implementing find, experiences of countries implementing find, test, trace, test, trace, isolation and support ► The study systematically reviews the core elements isolate, support (FTTIS) in the first wave of the COVID-19 policies in the rapid response of an effective find, test, trace, isolate, support of the COVID-19 pandemic: a pandemic. (FTTIS) system to interrupt the spread of COVID-19. systematic review. BMJ Open Design, data sources and eligibility criteria We Our findings can inform policy in future pandemics. 2021;11:e047832. doi:10.1136/ searched MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, SCOPUS ► We reported optimal strategies reported in the lit- bmjopen-2020-047832 and JSTOR, initially between 31 May 2019 and 21 January erature to shorten case finding time, improve both 2021. Research articles and reviews on the use of contact ► Prepublication history and accuracy and efficiency of tests, coordinate stake- additional supplemental material tracing, testing, self- isolation and quarantine for COVID-19 holders and actors involved in an FTTIS system, sup- for this paper are available management were included in the review. -
Assessment of Contact Tracing Options for South Africa
Assessment of contact tracing options for South Africa By Dr David Johnson 409 The Studios Old Castle Brewery 6 Beach Road Woodstock, 7925 Cape Town, South Africa Phone: +27 21 447 6332 Fax: +27 21 447 9529 www.researchictafrica.net 1. Executive Summary 1 2. Abbreviations 4 3. Acknowledgements 5 4. Introduction 6 5. Contact tracing approaches 9 5.1. Manual contact tracing 9 5.2. Direct proximity detection 10 5.3. Position-based tracking (GPS / cell tower triangulation) 12 5.4. Physical code scanning systems 13 6. Current device ecosystem and availability of smartphones 15 6.1. Contact tracing technology support 15 6.2. Contact tracing operating system aspects 17 6.3. Projected smartphone penetration 18 6.4. Potential effectiveness of smartphone-based contact tracing in South Africa 19 7. Current smartphone applications/platforms available 20 7.1. Safe Paths 21 7.2. Path check suite 21 7.3. BlueTrace (Known as TraceTogether in Singapore) 22 7.4. Covid Watch 22 7.5. Covid Alert South Africa 22 7.6. Covi-ID 23 8. Current challenges deploying Covid Alert in South Africa 23 9. Heat Maps 24 9.1. Active cases 24 9.2. Movement data 24 9.3. Crowdsourced hotspot mapping 26 10. Immunity passports 27 11. Data protection considerations 28 11.1. Weaknesses at point of detection 28 11.2. Weaknesses in stored identity data 29 12. Conclusion 29 13. References 33 1. Executive Summary Current epidemiology research on COVID-19 shows that contact tracing is only able to curb the growth of the epidemic, if we identify 50% of the positive cases and trace 60% of their contacts with no delay (Ferretti et al., 2020). -
Overview of Aarogya Setu Application Shweta Devidas Kedare1
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 06 | June 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Overview of Aarogya Setu Application Shweta Devidas Kedare1 1Shweta Devidas Kedare, Department of Master of Computer Application, ASM IMCOST, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The app - Aarogya Setu, which means "bridge to health" in Sanskrit -It is an Indian app which was launched on April 2nd 2020, by Indian government. It is designed as a Coronavirus, or COVID-19 contact tracing app that uses the Bluetooth and location technology in phones to note when you are near another user who also uses the Aarogya Setu app. In case someone you have come in close proximity to is confirmed infected, you are alerted. The app alerts are produced by instructions on how to self-isolate and what to do in case you develop symptoms. Basically this app gives basic information about Covid-19, including hygiene and social distancing protocols. It also has details of how one could donate to the prime minister’s coronavirus-specific relief fund, PM-Cares. India has made it mandatory for government and private sector employees to download it But users and experts in India and around the world say the app raises huge data security concerns. KeyWords: security, data, private, information, COVID-19, technology, location, bluetooth, proximity, etc. 1. INTRODUCTION Since the risk of COVID-19 started increasing in India so, The government of India decided to launch the application, name Aarogya Setu, which was intended to monitor the ratio of COVID-19 patients in India .This app is an updated version of an earlier app called Corona Kavach (now discontinued) which was released earlier by the Government of India. -
A Review of India's Contact-Tracing App, Aarogya Setu
Doc Title A Review of India’s Contact-Tracing App, Aarogya Setu A - Front Page two line title ARTICLE A Review of India’s Contact-tracing App, Aarogya Setu The Government of India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) agency launched Aarogya Setu, a contact-tracing mobile application. Aarogya Setu has been created by the National Informatic Centre (NIC) in response to the COVID-19 crisis, as a way to collect and understand public health-related data.1 The application uses mobile phones to perform a cross reference of individuals’ data with the database held by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), “On various online discussion which was specially created as part of ongoing COVID-19 testing infrastructure. forums, there is significant The purpose of Aarogya Setu is to notify users whether they have been exposed interest in the workings of this to COVID-19, by checking their proximity to known patients. In the event of a government- managed app match, the application will warn other users in the area that an infected person and its use of personal and is in their proximity. According to the press release dated May 26, 2020 available sensitive user data..”123 on mygov.in website, roughly 114 million users have adopted the app.2 Aarogya Setu also collects some sensitive personal information including gender and recent travel information. This has raised privacy and security questions. This whitepaper evaluates the functionality and data privacy aspects of the application. About Aarogya Setu Aarogya Setu app is a self-assessment disease monitoring app launched by the Indian government. -
Headline Measures Fact Sheet Measures
Roadmap toRoadmap a COVIDSafe Australia: Out: Headline Headline Measures Fact Sheet Measures A fact sheet tracking the easing of restrictionsFact Federally Sheet and by State and Territory. Included in this is National Cabinet announcements, State and Territory roadmaps to recovery and information in relationMonth, to schools Date,, border 2017 closures , social distancing and travel restrictions. Natalie Chynoweth November 2020 Current as at 26th November 2020 Roadmap Out: Headline Measures Fact Sheet Factsheet as at 26 November 2020 Contents 1. Framework for National Reopening – 23 October 2020 ................................................................. 3 2. National Cabinet announcements ................................................................................................. 6 3. State and Territory Individual Roadmaps .................................................................................... 36 QLD Roadmap - updated 17 November 2020 ................................................................................. 36 WA Roadmap - updated 17 November ............................................................................................ 37 ACT Roadmap – updated 9 October ............................................................................................... 38 VIC Roadmap – updated 18 November ........................................................................................... 39 State & Territory Statements on Roadmaps Out: Easing Restrictions .............................................