Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 Tersedia Online: E-ISSN 2477-6300

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Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 Tersedia Online: E-ISSN 2477-6300 Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 Tersedia Online: http://ojs.uniska.ac.id/index.php/BKA e-ISSN 2477-6300 PEMAHAMAN TENTANG AKIBAT PERNIKAHAN DI BAWAH UMUR MELALUI LAYANAN INFORMASI DENGAN TEKNIK DISKUSI Maria Kabang, Eli Trisnowati, Tri Mega Ralasari S IKIP PGRI Pontianak E-mail: [email protected]/No. HP 082157186288 ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang akibat pernikahan di bawah umur melalui layanan informasi dengan teknik diskusi pada siswa kelas XI di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 1 Putussibau Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu, metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian tindakan, dengan bentuk penelitiannya adalah Penelitian Tindakan Bimbingan Dan Konseling (PTBK). Untuk mengumpulkan data penelitian, digunakan teknik pengumpul data yaitu (1) Teknik observasi langsung, (2) Teknik komunikasi langsung, (3) Teknik komunikasi tidak langsung,(4) Teknik dokumenter sedangkan alat pengumpul datanya yaitu (1) Pedoman observasi, (2) Panduan wawancara, dan (3) Skala psikologis. Penelitian dilakukan dikelas XI di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 1 Putussibau Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu dengan jumlah subyek penelitian 28 orang siswa. Hasil pelaksanaan layanan informasi dengan teknik diskusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman tentang akibat pernikahan di bawah umur mendapat presentase rata-rata 85,61% dengan kategori baik. Kata Kunci : Layanan Informasi, Teknik Diskusi. ABSTRACT This study aims to improve understanding of the consequences of underage marriage through information services with discussion techniques for class XI students at Putussibau Vocational High School 1 Kapuas Hulu District, the research method used in this research is action research, with the form of Action Research Guidance and Counseling (PTBK). To collect research data, data collection techniques were used, namely (1) direct observation techniques, (2) direct communication techniques, (3) indirect communication techniques, (4) documentary techniques while the data collection tools were (1) observation guidelines, (2 ) Interview guides, and (3) Psychological scale. The research was conducted in class XI at Putussibau Vocational High School 1 in Kapuas Hulu Regency with the number of subjects were 28 students. The results of the implementation of information services with discussion techniques to improve understanding of the consequences of underage marriage received an average percentage of 85.61% with good categories. Keywords: Information Services, Discussion techniques. Dipublikasikan Oleh : UPT Publikasi dan Pengelolaan Jurnal Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari Banjarmasin 55 Maria Kabang; Eli Trisnowati; Tri Mega Ralasari S Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 e-ISSN 2477-6300 PENDAHULUAN rendahnya derajat kesehatan ibu dan anak, dilihat dari Jurnal Analisis Tentang Batas Umur Untuk segi fisik pasangan usia muda belum mampu dibebani Melangsungkan Perkawinan Menurut Perundang- suatu pekerjaan yang memerlukan keterampilan fisik, Undang Indonesia oleh Sofia Hardani Tahun (2015), untuk mendatangkan penghasilan baginya, dan yang dikenal dengan Undang-Undang No.1Tahun mencukupi kebutuhan keluarganya,dilihat dari segi 1974, yang dimaksud dengan perkawinan yaitu : — mental atau jiwa pasangan usia muda belum siap Perkawinan ialah ikatan lahir batin antara seorang pria bertanggung jawab secara moral, pada setiap apa saja dengan seorang wanita sebagai suami istri dengan yang memerlukan tanggung jawabnya, dan dilihat dari tujuan membentuk keluarga (rumah tangga) yang segi pendidikan yaitu pendewasaan usia kawin ada bahagia dan kekal berdasarkan ketuhanan Yang Maha kaitannya dengan usaha memperoleh tingkat Esa (Herdani, 2015). Dalam jurnal lainnya berjudul pendidikan yang lebih tinggi dan persiapan yang —3erkawinan Anak DiEawah 8mur Dan AkiEat sempurna dalam mengarungi bahtera hidup. Hukumnya“ (Darondos, 2014), Perkawinan pada Jurnal Dampak Perkawinan Anak Di Indonesia umumnya dilakukan oleh orang dewasa dengan tidak (Djamillah, Reni Kartikawati, 2014) menyatakan : memandang profesi, suku bangsa, kaya atau miskin adapun akibat dari pernikahan di bawah umur adalah dan lain sebagainya. Namun tidak sedikit manusia anak perempuan yang menikah pada usia muda yang sudah mempunyai kemampuan baik dari segi berpotensi mengalami kehamilan yang beresiko tinggi, fisik maupun mental akan mencari pasangan hidup dampak atau akibat lainya yang dirasakan oleh anak sesuai dengan Nriteria yang diinginkan“. Dalam perempuan yang menikah diusia muda adalah adanya kehidupan manusia, perkawinan seharusnya menjadi ancaman kesehatan mental, anak perempuan sering sesuatu yang bersifat dorongan seksual remaja yang kali mengalami stres ketika meninggalkan tinggi karena didorong oleh lingkungan pergaulan keluarganya dan bertanggung jawab atas keluarganya remaja yang mulai permisif (suka memperbolehkan/ sendiri, selain itu, perkawinan anak yang di bawah mengizinkan ) dan nyaris tanpa batas. umur juga membawa dampak buruk bagi anak Dalam jurnal Analisis Tentang Batas Umur perempuan seperti rentan KDRT. Gejala-gejala dan Untuk Melangsungkan Perkawinan Menurut akibat atau dampak dari pernikahan di bawah umur Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia (Herdani, diatas akan menjadi suatu masalah yang semakin 2015)menyatakan: di dalam masyarakat Indonesia, rumit bagi siswa jika tidak segera ditanggani. Fenomena pernikahan anak dibawah umur bukanlah Adapun faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya hal yang baru, baik dikota besar maupun di daerah pernikahan di bawah umur seperti pada hasil Jurnal pedesaan. Banyak alasan yang menjadi penyebabnya, Pemikiran Islam (Herdani, 2015): perspektif seperti persoalan ekonomi, rendahnya pendidikan, ekonomi,perubahan-perubahan secara fisik, hamil pemahaman budaya dan nilai-nilai agama tertentu, diluar nikah, korban perkawinan di bawah umur, dan atau hamil terlebih dahulu sebelum menikah. Konon tidak adanya sanksi pidana terhadap pelanggaran para orang tua zaman dahulu banyak yang menikahi Undang-undang perkawinan. Sedangkan menurut gadis di bawah umur, bahkan pada zaman dahulu jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan pernikahan di usia — matang“ aNan menimEulkan (Bastomi, 2016)faktor ekonomi, faktor pendidikan, persenden buruk dimata masyarakat, dimana faktor orang tua, dan faktor adat istiadat. Dari perempuan yang tidak segera menikah justru akan keterangan diatas peneliti merasa prihatin dan tertarik mendapatkan tanggapan miring atau lazim disebut untuk membantu memberikan layanan bimbingan dan perawan tua. konseling tentang pemahaman akibat pernikahan Hal ini serupa di temukan pula, dari beberapa dibawah umur melalui layanan informasi dengan gejala yang nampak pada siswa di Sekolah Menengah teknik diskusi. Kejuruan Negeri 1 Putussibau Kabupaten Kapuas Tujuan diadakannya penelitian ini adalah agar Hulu diantaranya seperti banyaknya siswa yang tercipta pemahaman siswa terhadap dampak buruk dijumpai pada saat jam sekolah duduk-duduk pernikahan di bawah umur yang menyebabkan berduaan dipojok sekolah, mereka sudah bisa bahkan beberapa permasalahan sosial, kesehatan, maupun berani untuk menonton vidio,vidio porno, dan bagi psikologis. Upaya yang hendak dilakukan adalah siswa-siswa yang tinggal di kos-kosan berani untuk layanan informasi melalui teknik diskusi yang tinggal dengan pasangannya selayaknya suami istri multiarah sehingga siswa bebas untuk sehingga mereka tidak bisa mengendalikan dan mengungkapkan pertanyaan dan menyampaikan mengatur dirinya dengan baik. gagasannya dan umum didengar oleh siswa lainnya Adapun dampak atau akibat yaitu, dilihat dari sebagai bentuk share pengalaman. Melalui layanan segi kesehatan, pasangan usia muda dapat informasi dengan teknik diskusi dalam upaya berpengaruh pada tingginya angka kematian ibu yang memberikan pemahaman terhadap siswa dirasakan melahirkan, kematian bayi serta berpengaruh pada lebih efektif, karena dengan teknik diskusi mampu Dipublikasikan Oleh : UPT Publikasi dan Pengelolaan Jurnal Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari Banjarmasin 56 Maria Kabang; Eli Trisnowati; Tri Mega Ralasari S Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Volume 4, Nomor 2, Tahun 2018 e-ISSN 2477-6300 menyadarkan siswa bahwa masalah dapat di pecahkan untuk alat pengumpul data menggunakan panduan dengan berbagai jalan, saling mengemukakan observasi, pedoman wawancara, dan skala psikologis pendapat secara konstruktif, dan membiasakan siswa yang digunakan yaitu skala berkutup tunggal, pada untuk mendengarkan pendapat orang lain sekali pun skala ini angka 1 menunjukan skor terendah, berbeda dengan pendapatnya sedangkan angka 4 menunjukan skor angka tertinggi dan menggunakan kuesioner langsung dengan 4 obsi METODE jawaban yaitu sangat baik, baik, cukup, dan kurang. Dalam penelitian ini, metode dan bentuk penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan metode HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN deskriptif melalui penelitian tindakan (Action Gambaran Pemahaman Tentang Akibat Research), yaitu salah satu strategi pemecahan Pernikahan Di Bawah Umur Melalui Layanan masalah yang memanfaatkan tindakan nyata dan Informasi Dengan Teknik Diskusi Pada Siswa proses pengembangan kemampuan dalam mendeteksi Kelas XI Sebelum Tindakan dan memecahkan masalah. Tindakan yang dimaksud Untuk pemahaman awal terhadap akibat dalam penelitian ini adalah layanan informasi melalui pernikahan di bawah umur ditemukan gejala-gejala teknik diskusi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman siswa sebagai berikut banyaknya siswa yang dijumpai pada terhadap akibat pernikahan di
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