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The Photoelectronic Properties of Chalcogenide Glass Ceramic Yang Xu

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The Photoelectronic Properties of Chalcogenide Glass Ceramic Yang Xu The photoelectronic properties of chalcogenide glass ceramic Yang Xu To cite this version: Yang Xu. The photoelectronic properties of chalcogenide glass ceramic. Material chemistry. Université Rennes 1, 2014. English. NNT : 2014REN1S037. tel-01071400 HAL Id: tel-01071400 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071400 Submitted on 4 Oct 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. ANNÉE 2014 THÈSE / UNIVERSITÉ DE RENNES 1 sous le sceau de l’Université Européenne de Bretagne pour le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE RENNES 1 Mention : Sciences de Matériaux Ecole doctorale Science de la Matière présentée par Yang Xu Préparée au Laboratoire Verres & Céramiques UMR CNRS 6226 Institut de Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UFR Sciences et Propriétés de la Matiére Thèse soutenue à Rennes Les propriétés le 05 Septembre 2014 photoélectriques devant le jury composé de : Xingeng DING de vitrocéramiques Professeur, Zhejiang University / rapporteur Marcel PASQUINELLI de chalcogénures Professeur, Université d’Aix-Marseille / rapporteur Laurent CALVEZ Maîte de conférences, Université de Rennes 1/ examinateur Xianghua ZHANG Directeur de Recherche au CNRS, Université de Rennes 1 / directeur de thèse Alain LAFOND Professeur, Université de Nantes / co-directeur de thèse Acknowledgement The research works presented here are accomplished in the Laboratoire de Verres et Céramiques of Université de Rennes 1. Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude to my PhD supervisor Mr. Xianghua Zhang for his patience and knowledgeability that directed me through the three-year research experience. The sincere thanks are also given to my co-supervisor, Mr. Alain Lafond, for his help of crystallization and my previous supervisor, Mr. Xianping Fan, for recommending me to Université de Rennes 1. I would like to thank the members of jury for agreeing to judge the thesis. I wish to express my sincere thanks to Ms. Xingeng Ding of Zhejiang University and Mr. Marcel Pasquinelli of Université d’Aix-Marseille for their acceptance to be the reporters of my thesis. Meanwhile, I want to thank Mr. Laurent Calvez of Université de Rennes 1 for participating in my PhD defense as an invite member. I would like to give my sincere thanks to Mr. Qianhong Shen for his kindness and for the valuable discussion and demonstration about the photocatalytic properties of glass ceramics. My thanks are addressed particularly to Mr. Zhang, for his wise advise, his imagination, as well as his encouragement throughout this work. I wish to thank all the people who helped me in completion of the project. Thanks will give to Ms. Luo Qun for making a foundation of my research. I thank Mr. Xvsheng Qiao and Yimin Wu for their help in HRTEM. I would give my thanks to Mr. Jean-Jacques Simon for his advice in semiconductor properties of material. My gratitude also goes to Ms. Hongli Ma for her helps both for my work and life. I wish to thank all my colleagues in the laboratory, especially Bo Fan and Mathieu Rose. At first year, Mathieu make me familiar with glass preparation and other lab equipments. And Bo gave me a support and a lot of whimsy to work during my three-year work. Gratitude is also given to Didier, Thierry J. and Thierry P. for their help of the experimental equipments. My Chinese fellows, Shuo Cui, Gang Zhou, Bo Fan, Bai Xue, gave me a lot of help and made my life in France colorful. I would like to thank especially my boyfriend Minjia, for his company and encouragement. My final thanks are addressed to my family, who never doubted me and always supported me. Table of contents Résumé détaillé ............................................................................................... i General introduction .................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 Solar conversion 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 3 2 Solar energy conversion............................................................................................. 5 2.1 Photothermal conversion .......................................................................................... 5 2.2 Photochemical conversion ......................................................................................... 9 2.3 Photovoltaic conversion........................................................................................... 13 3 Solar cells ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.1 Classification of solar cells ...................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 Crystalline silicon solar cells.............................................................................. 16 3.1.2 Amorphous silicon solar cells ............................................................................ 20 3.1.3 Polymer solar cells ............................................................................................. 21 3.1.4 Dye-sensitized solar cells ................................................................................... 24 3.1.5 Compound solar cells ......................................................................................... 26 3.2 Development of CIGS solar cells ............................................................................ 30 3.2.1 History of CIGS solar cells ................................................................................ 30 3.2.2 Research progress on CIGS absorber layer ........................................................ 31 4 Photocatalytic materials .......................................................................................... 34 4.1 State-of-the-art and research directions ................................................................ 34 4.1.1 Research on porous photocatalytic materials ..................................................... 35 4.1.2 Research on photocatalytic materials with high quantum efficiency ................. 37 4.2 Research progress on narrow gap semiconductors photocatalytic materials .... 42 4.2.1 Sulfide semiconductor ........................................................................................ 42 4.2.2 Multiple oxide semiconductor ............................................................................ 43 4.2.3 Nitride semiconductor ........................................................................................ 45 5 Conclusions .................................................................................................................. 46 References ............................................................................................................................ 47 Chapter 2 Compositions, structure and photoelectric properties of glass ceramics in the GeSe2-Sb2Se3-CuI system 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 63 2 Sample preparation in the GeSe2-Sb2Se3-CuI system ................................... 66 2.1 Glass preparation..................................................................................................... 66 2.2 Thermal dynamical consideration of crystallization ............................................ 69 2.2.1 Nucleation .......................................................................................................... 70 2.2.2 Crystal growth .................................................................................................... 72 3 Presentation of characterization techniques .................................................... 73 3.1 Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurement ........................................................... 73 3.1.1 Two-electrode method........................................................................................ 73 3.1.2 Three-electrode method ...................................................................................... 73 3.2 Other characterizations of glasses and glass ceramics ......................................... 75 4 Systematic studies of the GeSe2-Sb2Se3-CuI system ...................................... 77 4.1 Series 1: (1-x)(80GeSe2-20Sb2Se3)-100xCuI, x=0, 0.1, 0.2 .................................... 77 4.2 Series 2: (1-x)(70GeSe2-30Sb2Se3)-100xCuI, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ........................... 81 4.3 Series 3: (1-x)(60GeSe2-40Sb2Se3)-100xCuI, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ........................... 83 4.4 Series 4: (1-x)(50GeSe2-50Sb2Se3)-100xCuI, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ........................... 86 4.5 Series 5: (1-x)(40GeSe2-60Sb2Se3)-100xCuI, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ........................... 88 4.6 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 91 5 Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 95 Reference .............................................................................................................................
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