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Tulsk Priory Conservation Project

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Tulsk Priory Conservation Project TULSK PRIORY CONSERVATION REPAIRS TULSK, CO. ROSCOMMON Project Ref: ROS 000444 & ROS000557 FINAL REPORT 20:01:14 This project received grant aid from Roscommon LEADER Partnership Rural Development Programme which is financed by the Irish Government under the Rural Development Programme Ireland 2007-2013 and by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development: Europe investing in Rural Areas. This project was also funded by Roscommon County Council, Tulsk Action Group, Tulsk Cemetery Committee and the people of Tulsk. An action of the County Roscommon Heritage Plan 2012-2016 TULSK PRIORY, TULSK, CO. ROSCOMMON CONSERVATION WORKS: FINAL REPORT 20:01:2014 General The ruined Dominican priory of St. Patrick situated at Tulsk, Co. Roscommon dates from 1488. It is situated in what is now a public cemetery, along the N5, between Strokestown and Ballaghaderreen. The limestone ruins are prominent along the road, and are situated in the middle of the village. Less visible are the sites of a ringfort and a medieval castle on the opposite side of the road, which along with the prehistoric fort of Rathcroghan several kilometres to the west form a rich depository of archaeological heritage. It seems that the priory was derelict when English forces established a garrison on the site in 1582, and at that time stone salvaged from the site was used to form a tower or fortified house to the eastern end of the nave for their use. This tower house is recorded as been demolished in the middle of the seventeenth century, and is shown ruined in eighteenth-century views. Since then, it has lost the west gable of the nave and its interior and immediate surrounds have been filled with mausolea and memorials. Its wider curtilage is now used as a municipal graveyard. Statutory Protection The site is a national monument and the relevant protected structures included in the Record of Protected Structures are 02200083 Tulsk Abbey, 02200084 Burial Vault, Grace Family, 02200085 Burial Vault, Taaffe Family. The national monuments included in the Record of Monuments and Places are RMP ref. no.s- RO022-114006 Religious House- Domincan friairs; RO022-114008 Graveyard; RO022-114009 Castle Tower House; RO022-114007 Tomb- Altar; RO022-114013 Architectural fragments; RO022-114014 Crucifixion Plaque, RO022-114015 Armorial Plaque. A Section 57 Declaration Record PS 11/5 sets out permissible conservation repairs to the priory that would not require planning approval. Ministerial Consent ref. C384, reg. no. W57 for conservation repairs to the priory was obtained in 2010. Background The Discovery Programme published a wide-ranging study of historic sites in North Roscommon as Programme Report 7 in 2005. Their report included a survey of the priory and graveyard at Tulsk, which included a detailed plan of the site, a photographic record, an inventory of architectural fragments identified and a history of the development of the site using historical sources. Following its inclusion in its Heritage Plan, Roscommon County Council commissioned Gifford Archaeology to prepare a Conservation Management Plan for the Tulsk Gaelic Medieval Complex that included the priory, graveyard, castle and the ringfort. The report was prepared in 2008, and involved public consultation and a detailed condition assessment as well as an action plan that included a schedule of necessary conservation works. In 2012, Holey Hayes Architects were appointed by Roscommon Co. Co. to implement a phase of repair works to the priory that were to be completed by the end of 2013 in order to comply with grant conditions of the Leader fund. The design team also included Punch Consulting Engineers, CRDS Ltd. (archaeologists) and Brian Keeley (wildlife survey). Survey & Methodology When first surveyed by HHA in December 2012, there were extensive areas of ivy growth where the roots were deeply embedded in the walls. Loose stones were evident along the wall bases and other areas were clearly partially collapsed or at significant risk. The vegetation was of particular concern due to its bulk and weight (risk of collapse during high winds) and damage caused by embedded roots dislodging stones and contributing to structural instability. The priory posed a significant risk to the health and safety of the public due to its vulnerable condition and location in a working graveyard. In April 2013, the ivy covering was treated using herbicide sprayed from a hoist. This hoist was also used to undertake a visual inspection of the wall heads and upper areas of the structure not accessible from ground level. The mausolea and memorials around the structure were found to be in poor condition. The Grace mausoleum, the largest and most impressive of the memorials dating from the nineteenth century, was losing the stone facings on its roof and walls but its superstructure appeared to be sound from an inspection of its interior. The elevations of the priory were recorded by HHA using photographs and site measurements along with the survey plan prepared by the Discovery Programme; but much of the detail was obscured by the ivy coverage. CRDS Ltd. attended site to monitor the works as a condition of the Ministerial Consent, and Brian Keeley undertook the bat surveys. Punch Consulting assessed the structural condition of the priory and mausoleum and prepared a report outlining their findings and prepared drawings of temporary works and structural repairs. Scope of Works HHA prepared a detailed Schedule of Works for inclusion in the tender documents along with the drawings and specifications. We prioritised the works in the following order: health and safety, integrity of the monument, protection. This translated in the works programme to- treatment and removal of embedded roots; consolidation of structural voids and weathering of the wall heads. The works necessary to the voids and openings were accurately described, the quantities of ivy removal, re-building, pinning and pointing estimated from the drawings and condition survey. The works included all of the repairs necessary to the priory, with contingency sums set aside for unforeseen repairs and the stabilisation of the Grace mausoleum. It was anticipated that there would be insufficient funds to properly repair the mausoleum in this phase of the works. Description The priory as it survives is built of random rubble limestone brought to courses bedded in lime mortar having lost much of its pointing with some isolated areas of hard cement evident. The carved stone arches of the south window of the transept along with the entrance into the nave are the finest examples of the mason’s craft to be found in the structure. Architectural fragments including finely carved strings, quoins, cornices and jambs are to be found embedded in the tower wall, some assembled into arrow loops and fire surrounds. There remains evidence of external render and lime plaster to the interior. There are three main sections upstanding- the nave, the tower house and the transept. Of the nave, a 30 metre length of the south wall and incomplete sections of the west and north walls remain but obscured by dense ivy. The west wall of the tower house has been preserved to a height of approximately eight metres and is almost completely covered in ivy. The transept has retained walls on each side, but the east-facing wall consists primarily of drystone infill. The south gable and west wall are complete up to the level of the former roof. The transept and nave wall contain many wall memorials with fine carvings and some table tombs aside from the larger mausolea dedicated to the Grace, Taaffe and Dowell families. Site Works The works were tendered in May 2013, and the successful tenderer Paul Mulcair Ltd., commenced on site in late September 2013, with an 8-week programme. The works commenced with the protection of the memorials with plywood and bubblewrap, both within the building and its immediate surroundings. They first sprayed the ivy accessible from the ground with herbicide. The scaffold was erected to the entire structure, and this allowed them to spray the upper areas. They then proceeded to tap the largest ivy roots with root killer. Temporary shoring was erected to the south side of the Grace mausoleum to ensure its stability over the course of the works. The impact on the graveyard was kept to a minimum by keeping the site area close to the base of the structure. Batched mortars were brought to the work areas by wheelbarrow. No stone was introduced onto the site during the works, stones were retrieved from the base of the walls as the works progressed as the scaffold positions in some cases inhibited access. The small amount of stone remaining was stacked neatly at the base of the tower wall. Lime Mortar Specification A natural hydraulic lime (NHL 3.5) was used with a similar range of coarse to fine aggregates and sand (2:1 mix). No Portland Cement or strong hydraulic mixes were used in the conservation of the Priory. Priory Repairs The contractor commenced the masonry repairs by pinning and pointing and consolidating the areas not covered by ivy such as the inner faces of the transept, and both sides of the south nave wall. Clipping the ivy dropping from the wall heads allowed them to pin and point the external faces of the transept and the lower areas of the tower wall. Any lime pointing or lime render found to be sound was left in place. Voids in the wall faces where stones had been displaced were re-faced with stones found at the base of the walls. Structural features such as the channel along the inside face of the north nave wall were consolidated so that they could be read as architectural features. There was not enough stone to re-face the large voids in the facing stone to the west side of the transept.
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