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Strategies on Accelerating Agricultural Modernization-Taking Qijiang District As an Example

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Strategies on Accelerating Agricultural Modernization-Taking Qijiang District As an Example Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 5(8): 1015-1021, 2013 ISSN: 2042-4868; e-ISSN: 2042-4876 © Maxwell Scientific Organization, 2013 Submitted: March 26, 2013 Accepted: April 22, 2013 Published: August 05, 2013 Strategies on Accelerating Agricultural Modernization-Taking Qijiang District as an Example Yongyong Zhu Department of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing 400067, China Civil and Commercial Law School, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing 400031, China Abstract: In order to study the causes of weak agricultural base in China, the income gap between urban and rural residents, agriculture and the obvious insufficiency in agriculture, rural areas and farmers, we analyze focal and difficult points in the simultaneous development between Chinese industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization and seek for ways and strategies to promote the modernization of agriculture process. This study takes Qijiang district of Chongqing as an example, from five aspects to discuss the ways and strategies of advancing the process of agricultural modernization; they are the development of the profitable agriculture, the reform of rural property rights, management rights and land ticket, rural circulation and financing, government investment and support and the improvement of the production and living conditions in rural areas. We hope these can accelerate the construction of agricultural modernization, promote sustained and rapid growth in farmers' income, constantly improve the production and living conditions in rural areas and promote the simultaneous development of industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization. Keywords: Land ticket, modern agriculture, rural circulation, urban and rural developmen, urbanization INTRODUCTION traffic network composed of Yuqian railway, Hainan- Yunan-Hunan railway, 210 national road, 210 provincial Agriculture is the basis of ensuring people’s road, 303 provincial road, Yuzhan expressway and livelihood as well as public interest, economic Qiwan expressway passing through this region. development and social stability (Costanza et al., 1997). Covering an area of 2182 square kilometers, Qijiang Based on modern technologies as well as modern consists of 20 towns and 314 villages and it has a total equipment, management methods, farmers and other population of 950,000 people, of which 200,000 are factors, agricultural modernization is the final result of urban population. Qijiang district has been noted as the transforming the traditional agriculture into a modern backbone of Chongqing to develop agricultural one, the foundation of building a well-being society in modernization based on its unique geographical position an all-around way, the cornerstone of achieving and agricultural location. Under the context of the industrialization and urbanization and the key of increasing completeness of rural infrastructure and rural coordinating urban and rural development (Xie et al., development mechanism and the improvement of 2008). agricultural quality and efficiency in Qijiang district, Located in the southern part of Chongqing where this study is developed from five aspects, which are Chongqing Basin and southeast Yunnan-Guizhou developing profitable agriculture, the reform of property Plateau converge, Qijiang district is adjacent to rights, the management rights and land ticket, rural Wansheng in its east, Guizhou in its south, Jiangjin in its distribution and financing, government investment and west and Ba'nan in its north. As it is majorly covered support and improving the production and living with mountains and hills which present that the south conditions in rural areas. In order to accelerate the section is at a higher elevation than the north section, it agricultural modernization, promote sustained and rapid is one of the typical karst landforms. Lying in humid income of the farmers’ income and seek for ways and subtropical climate zone, this district is characterized by strategies to promote the modernization of agriculture four distinct seasons, average annual precipitation of process. 1071 mm and average annual temperature of 18.8°C. Mineral resources like coal, iron ore, limestone, natural MATERIALS AND METHODS gas and quartz sand can be found here. In this region, there are six railway stations as well as six expressway Agricultural modernization is organically integrated entrances and six expressway exits due to the complex with the development of industrialization and 1015 Adv. J. Food Sci. Technol., 5(8): 1015-1021, 2013 urbanization. The development of urbanization can not total area of 2748 km2, it spreads 65 km from east to only reduce the rural population, boost the moderate- west and 82 km from south to north. Qijiang district has scale development and intensive standardized advantages geographical position and fairly convenient production, but also improve the agricultural efficiency. road traffic, making it a hub linking the economic With powerful technologies, production ability and activities between Chongqing and Guizhou, a material information advantages, industrialization not only distribution center between southern Chongqing and provides strong support for realizing agricultural northern Guizhou and a road passage through which modernization, but also fundamentally improves the Chongqing's goods are shipped south into the sea. efficiency in agricultural productivity, resource Qijiang district is 59 km away from Chongqing city and utilization and farmland output, which in turn provides it is crisscrossed with two national highway roads, two rich raw materials and workforces for the expressway roads and two railway lines. Qijiang district industrialization. To maintain development in both has an area of 4.13 million mu, of which 1.336 million agriculture and agricultural modernization can be mu is forest land, 77,000 mu is water area and 281,000 maintained. Emphasis on quantity, quality and mu is garden plot, residential area and land for mining efficiency of agriculture is indispensable. and industry. The city has many rivers and lakes Strategies on how to launch the modernization of including Qijiang river, Xiaozi River, Zaodu River and agriculture should be made from the basic conditions for Mutong river and it has 0.14 billion cubic meters of agricultural production in Qijiang district. At present, exploitable groundwater and 4.4 billion cubic meters of the real agricultural modernization is still not realized total water resources that enable it to have the potential due to such a few outstanding problems as poor to supply enough water to Chongqing and produce about production facilities, lowly organized, scaled and 100,000 kilowatts of power. As one of the typical hilly standardized agriculture, lagging rural productivity, areas, Qijiang district abounds in living beings and large development gap between rural areas and urban water resources and it is distinctive in four seasons areas, lack of diversification and specialization and low which is suitable for a wide variety of agricultural benefits brought to farmers (Mingwei et al., 2008). How products. Meat, vegetable, fruit and vegetable oil are the to build the coordinative development between the rural four major industries of local agriculture. Planting areas and urban areas based on the strategy that uses the industry is the core of modernized agriculture, development of big cities to boost the development of accompanied with the operation of orange, tea, herb and the big countries? How to develop distinctive and highly red plum, creating a new way towards the modernization efficient modern agriculture based on the strategy that of agriculture (Chongqing, 2011). suggests the living standard of Chongqing people should Qijiang district region is much rich in natural be improved through scientific development? In order to resources, especially in energy reserves-the proven coal accelerate the agricultural modernization in Qijiang reserves in this county is 1.686 billion tons-that it rated district, on the one hand, based on the ting polices and as one of the coal-base counties in China; its coal-bed strategies, we should optimize the distribution of gas reserve is 38.3 billion cubic meters which account agriculture, emphasize scientific methods, accommodate for 54% of the total reserve in Chongqing; in addition, circulation channels for greenstuffs, deepen the reform there are also abundant water power and electronic in agricultural technologies and consolidate agricultural power resources as well as mineral deposits in this area. hardware; on the other hand, we should regard the Qijiang district has been the industrial center of realizing high-quality and productive products as the Chongqing, with an industry capital of up to 2 billion premise, developing highly ecological, intensive, yuan. Large-sized and middle-sized enterprises like standardized, organized and industrialized products as Songzao Coal and Power Co., Ltd., Qijiang Gear the standard and completing infrastructure, mechanized Transmission Co.,Ltd. and Qjiang Iron Ore are properly equipment, service system, scientific technologies and distributed across Qijiang and pillar industries related to farmers’ education system as the backbone (Hongfei energy, metallurgy and machinery manufacturing form a et al., 2007). Therefore, we make a deep investigation reasonable industry distribution. During the critical into
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