Ricardian Bulletin Is Produced by the Bulletin Editorial Committee, General Editor Elizabeth Nokes, and Printed by St Edmundsbury Press
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Právní Aspekty Nástupnictví V Době Válek Růží
Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta právnická Katedra právních dějin DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Právní aspekty nástupnictví v době válek růží Karolína Hýblová Vedoucí práce: JUDr. et PhDr. Stanislav Balík, Ph. D. Plzeň, 2019 Čestné prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s použitím uvedené literatury a pramenů. Plzeň, březen 2019 ...................................... PODĚKOVÁNÍ Na tomto místě bych ráda poděkovala vedoucímu této diplomové práce panu JUDr. et PhDr. Stanislavu Balíkovi, Ph. D. za odborné vedení práce, cenné rady a připomínky při jejím zpracování. Obsah 1. Úvod……………………………………………………………...………..3 2. Historický kontext válek růží……………………………………………5 2.1 Války růží……………………………………………………………..5 2.2 Nástupnictví na trůn ve středověké Anglii…………………………....7 2.2.1 Nástupnický nárok založený na právu krve…………………...9 2.2.1.1 Právní nárok na trůn odvozený z manželství…………….10 2.2.2 Nástupnictví na základě volby……………………………….11 2.2.3 Právní titul vítězství v bitvě………………………………….12 3. Právní nárok Lancasterů………………………………………………13 3.1 Dědičné právo……………………………………………………….13 3.1.1 Uzurpace trůnu Jindřichem IV………………………………13 3.1.2 Problematika nástupnictví za vlády Jindřicha V…………….26 3.2 Jindřich VI…………………………………………………………...29 3.3 Právní legitimita následnictví Eduarda z Lancasteru………………..35 4. Legitimita nástupnictví Yorků………………………………………...39 4.1 Richard z Yorku……………………………………………………..39 4.2 Nástupnická práva Eduarda IV……………………………………...46 4.3 Právní nárok na trůn Richarda, vévody z Gloucesteru………………57 4.3.1 Problematika nástupnických práv Eduarda V……………….57 4.3.2 Překážka nelegitimity potomků Eduarda IV………………...60 4.3.3 Titulus Regius……………………………………………….65 5. Pád Plantagenetů a nástup Tudorovců………………………………..74 5.1 Nástupnictví po právu krve…………………………………………..74 5.2 Dobytí území…………………………………………………………82 6. Závěr……………………………………………………....…………….87 7. -
The Cold War • Read the Pages of the Text Book in the Following Pages
Additional History Transition Work - The Cold War • Read the pages of the text book in the following pages. • Using this information, write an answer to the following question: “Why did the Grand Alliance Break down?” In your answer, you must: • Explain what the Grand Alliance was • Assess how much longer-term factors led to the collapse of the Grand Alliance (e.g. their different ideologies) • Assess how much shorter-term factors led to the collapse of the Grand Alliance (e.g. decisions about Europe towards the end of World War Two and immediately after) • Conclusion: What do you think was the main cause of the Grand Alliance’s collapse? Remember to include lots of factual evidence Additional History Transition Work - The Tudors Step 1: Make a chronological list of all the people in the family tree who were monarchs and the dates they reigned. Make sure to write which house they belonged to. (be careful… some are king more than once) Step 2: Read the article on the following page called, “The Wars of the Roses” by History.com editors. Step 3: Using your knowledge from the article and your own research, annotate the family tree including description of events that included different people. Step 4: Answer the following questions in detail. Q1. What caused the Wars of the Roses? Q2. What role did the nobility play within the Wars of the Roses? (Nobles that are mentioned in the article are: the Earl of Somerset, the Earl of Warwick, Lord Salisbury, Lord Audley) (Thinking points: how much power did they have? How much did the leaders on both sides rely on them? How trustworthy were they?) Q3. -
Cambridge Pre-U
Cambridge Pre-U HISTORY 9769/11 Paper 1a British History Outlines, c.300–1547 For examination from 2020 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 90 Specimen This specimen paper has been updated for assessments from 2020. The specimen questions and mark schemes remain the same. The layout and wording of the front covers have been updated to reflect the new Cambridge International branding and to make instructions clearer for candidates. This syllabus is regulated for use in England, Wales and Northern Ireland as a Cambridge International Level 3 Pre-U Certificate. This document has 36 pages. Blank pages are indicated. © UCLES 2018 [Turn over 9769/11 Cambridge Pre-U – Mark Scheme For examination SPECIMEN from 2020 Generic Marking Principles These general marking principles must be applied by all examiners when marking candidate answers. They should be applied alongside the specific content of the mark scheme or generic level descriptors for a question. Each question paper and mark scheme will also comply with these marking principles. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 1: Marks must be awarded in line with: • the specific content of the mark scheme or the generic level descriptors for the question • the specific skills defined in the mark scheme or in the generic level descriptors for the question • the standard of response required by a candidate as exemplified by the standardisation scripts. GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 2: Marks awarded are always whole marks (not half marks, or other fractions). GENERIC MARKING PRINCIPLE 3: Marks must be awarded positively: • marks -
Play Book • December 2013
Living Play Book • December 2013 PLAY BOOK Table of Contents PB 1.0 Optional Rules ....................................................... 2 PB 5.0 Example of Play .................................................. 13 PB 2.0 Game Setup ........................................................... 4 PB 6.0 Historical Notes ................................................... 19 PB 3.0 Scenarios ............................................................... 4 PB 7.0 Expanded Sequence of Play ................................ 28 PB 4.0 Designer Notes .................................................... 11 This is the “Living Play Book” document for the game. It includes errata and clarifications to the original rules. To aid readability, errata is indicated in blue text. GMT Games, LLC • P.O. Box 1308, Hanford, CA 93232-1308 www.GMTGames.com 2 CROWN OF ROSES Play Book Example: On Turn 3, March is the Senior York Heir, but Rivers is currently not controlled by York; though York has influence placed on him, as well as Warwick. As such, York loses one Popular Support at the beginning of the King Phase but the IPs placed on Warwick are subject to no negative modifier. On Turn 4, assuming Rivers is still controlled by York, York will have to place at least one (1) IP on Warwick or lose him during the Parliament Phase (3 pro-York Roses – 4 [Game Turn] equals negative 1). PB 1.3 Distrustful Margaret Rule (Historical Rule) Queen Margaret was very distrustful of Henry Holland, the Duke of Exeter (Exeter Block), especially early in the conflict, as Exeter was Henry VI’s immediate Heir at the time. Because of this mistrust (which turned out to be misplaced), Exeter can- not Lead any non-Office Blocks for Movement or Combat while Margaret is In-Play in England (i.e., not in Exile). -
Mark Scheme (Results)
Mark Scheme (Results) January 2009 GCE GCE History (6HI01) Paper A Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750 Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH 6HI01/A GCE History January 2009 2 GCE History Marking Guidance Marking of Questions: Levels of Response The mark scheme provides an indication of the sorts of answer that might be found at different levels. The exemplification of content within these levels is not complete. It is intended as a guide and it will be necessary, therefore, for examiners to use their professional judgement in deciding both at which level a question has been answered and how effectively points have been sustained. Candidates should always be rewarded according to the quality of thought expressed in their answer and not solely according to the amount of knowledge conveyed. However candidates with only a superficial knowledge will be unable to develop or sustain points sufficiently to move to higher levels. In assessing the quality of thought, consider whether the answer: (i) is relevant to the question and is explicitly related to the question’s terms (ii) argues a case, when requested to do so (iii) is able to make the various distinctions required by the question (iv) has responded to all the various elements in the question (v) where required, explains, analyses, discusses, assesses, and deploys knowledge of the syllabus content appropriately, rather than simply narrates. Examiners should award marks both between and within levels according to the above criteria. This should be done in conjunction with the levels of response indicated in the mark schemes for particular questions. -
The Enduring Appeal of Richard III
The Enduring Appeal of Richard III Harriet Jordan, 2002 Written as part of the M.Litt. program at the University of Sydney, in the subject Medieval Crime Fiction. It has indeed been confidently asserted that [Richard the 3d] killed his two Nephews & his Wife, but it has also been declared that he did not kill his two Nephews.1 Richard III has been a presence in the popular imagination for centuries. There are, however, two radically different Richard IIIs appearing in the works of novelists, historians and playwrights/filmmakers. On the one hand, we have the traditional Evil Richard, who may have first appeared in writing in the histories of Polydore Vergil (1534) and Sir Thomas More (1543 and 1557), but who undoubtedly gained his ongoing fame – or infamy – as a result of William Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Richard III, and the earlier Henry VI plays. Opposing him is Defamed Richard, who first saw light of day in 1619 with Sir George Buck’s five-part The History of the Life and Reigne of Richard the Third, but whose main impact on the public consciousness came as recently as 1951 with the publication of Josephine Tey’s The Daughter of Time. Unlike virtually any other historical figure, Richard III manages to be both “an enduring symbol of evil and conversely a white knight whose honour has been besmirched by his enemies.”2 Thus, his ongoing appeal arises from a number of very different sources. When Shakespeare wrote his Richard III, England was still under the rule of the Tudors, and so it would hardly have been politic to present Richard in a sympathetic light. -
Battles of Ferrybridge and Dintingdale 27-28 March 1461
The battles of Ferrybridge and Dintingdale 27-28 March 1461 Introduction The battles of Ferrybridge and Dintingdale have traditionally been treated by historians as simply a prologue to the main event at Towton. Little has been written about the sequence of events at Ferrybridge & Dintingdale and their military and political importance; the various contemporary chronicles (e.g. those of the Pastons, Jean de Waurin, Croyland Abbey, and Edward Hall), while giving a broad outline, are tantalisingly vague about the detail of what happened on those cold days in late March 1461, as indeed they were about the Towton conflict. Modern writers, such as Phillip Haigh, Andrew Boardman and John Sadler to name but a few, mostly look briefly at the actions of Ferrybridge and Dintingdale before concentrating on the decisive events at Towton. Not all agree however; Tim Sutherland, in his “Killing Time” (please refer to this in the Research tab of our website) moves away from the view of Ferrybridge, Dintingdale and Towton as primarily infantry engagements fought over 48 hours, proposing that all 3 occurred within 24 hours as cavalry actions. This paper takes the view that the actions at Ferrybridge, Dintingdale and Towton took place over at least 3 days (4 if one counts the 26th as a precursor to Ferrybridge), that it was a joint infantry/cavalry action, and covered a much wider area than the narrow strip of terrain along the Great North road between Ferrybridge and Towton. It is based on a re-examination of the facts as they are outlined in various sources, and the identification of the gaps in these. -
The Civil War of 1459 to 1461 in the the Welsh Marches: Part 2 the Campaign and Battle of Mortimer's Cross – St Blaise's Day, 3 February 1461 by Geoffrey Hodges
The Civil War of 1459 to 1461 in the the Welsh Marches: Part 2 The Campaign and Battle of Mortimer's Cross – St Blaise's Day, 3 February 1461 by Geoffrey Hodges Recounting the bloodless battle of Ludford is relatively simple, as it is well documented. A large royal army was involved, with a fair amount of material resulting for official records and for the London chroniclers. The battle of Mortimer's Cross, however, was fought when all attention in the south-east of the kingdom was taken up by the advance of the Queen's ravaging hordes on London. The activities of Edward, Earl of March are wrapped in much obscurity; it is not at all clear what happened between the passing of the act of accord on 29 November 1460 (making the Duke of York heir to Henry VI), and the meeting between Edward and the Earl of Warwick in the Cotswolds on about 22 February 1461 -except, of course, the battle of Mortimer's Cross itself. One cannot be dogmatic about any link in this chain of events, but it is surely one of the most extraordinary stories in the annals of England and Wales, and well worth attempting to piece together. Activities of the Adversaries before the Battle What Edward's adversary, Jasper Tudor, was doing in the same period is no more certain, but it is fairly clear that, after the defeat and capture of Henry VI at Northampton on 10 July 1460, Queen Margaret fled from Coventry into Wales. Gregory says that she made first for Harlech, 'and there hens she remevyd fulle prevely unto the Lorde Jesper, Lorde and Erle of Penbroke, … ‘, who was probably at Pembroke Castle.1 Jasper seems to have grasped the strategic importance of Milford Haven as the only Welsh harbour equally accessible from France, Ireland and Scotland.2 It looks as though he and the queen (his sister-in-law and distant cousin) now planned the royalist response to the Yorkist victory; his duty would be to prepare and lead against the Yorkists in the middle Marches of Wales an expedition whose starting point would be Pembroke. -
160 the Fall of Suffolk and Normandy B Y 1445, William De La Pole, Duke
160 The Fall of Suffolk and Normandy B y 1445, William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk was clearly Henry's most trusted adviser. He faced a difficult task - to steer a bankrupt nation into the harbor of peace. Avoiding the ship of France trying to sink her on the way in. Would they make it? Formigny In this episode we are lucky enough to have another Weekly Word from Kevin Stroud, author of the History of English Podcast. If you like it, why not go the whole hog, and visit his website, The History of English Podcast. Also you might want to look at the rather touching letter from William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk to his eight year old son, John. - It's on the website. 161 Captain of Kent 1450 was an eventful year. The fall of Suffolk, and now Kent was once again in flames, just as it had been in 1381. This time the leader that emerged was one Jack Cade. Dramatis Personae This week, a few new names... William Aiscough, Bishop of Salisbury: only a cameo appearance for this episode. Jack Cade: Leader of the rebellion - again only a cameo appearance, leader of the rebellion of 1450. James Fiennes, Lord of Saye and Sele: Treasurer of England, and a nasty piece of work. He came to a sticky end! The Arms of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 1402-1460 The Stafford family that are the holders of the title of the Duke of Buckingham, are of the blood royal; they are descended from Edward III’s youngest son, Thomas of Woodstock. -
Shakespeare and the Supernatural
Introduction: Shakespeare and the supernatural V i c t o r i a B l a d e n a n d Ya n B r a i l o w s k y Supernatural elements constitute a signifi cant dimension of Shakespeare ’ s plays: ghosts haunt political spaces and internal psyches; witches foresee the future and disturb the present; fairies meddle with love; natural portents and dreams foreshadow events; and a magus conjures a tempest from the elements. Th ese aspects contribute to the dramatic power and intrigue of the plays, whether they are treated in performance with irony, comedic eff ect or unsettling gravity. Although Shakespeare ’ s plays were written and performed for early modern audiences, for whom the supernatural, whether sacred, demonic or folkloric, was still part of the fabric of everyday life, these supernatural elements continue to enthral us, and maintain their power to raise a range of questions in more contemporary contexts. Supernatural elements implicitly question the border between the human and the non-human, and between the visible and the unseen. Th ey also raise questions of control and agency that intersect with the exercise of power, a central focus across Shakespeare ’ s œuvre . Shakespeare drew on the supernatural in all of his dramatic genres and throughout his career, from the early histories (such as Richard III and Henry VI, Part II ) to the late romances (such as Th e Winter’s Tale, Cymbeline and Th e Tempest ), in tragedies ( Julius Caesar, Hamlet and Macbeth ) and in comedy ( A Midsummer Night’s Dream ), suggesting the importance of the supernatural in his approach to drama. -
Bartonlibrarycatalogue SEPT 2016
ABBEY Anne Merton Kathryn in the Court of Six Queens Date of Publication: 1989 Paperback Synopsis: 1502-47: The daughter of an illegitimate son of Edward IV is a lady-in-waiting to Henry VIII’s wives and discovers the truth about the disappearance of the Princes. ABBEY Margaret Trilogy about Catherine Newberry:- Brothers-in-Arms Date of Publication: 1973 Hardback Synopsis: Catherine seeks revenge on Edward IV, Clarence and Gloucester for the execution of her father after the battle of Tewkesbury The Heart is a Traitor Date of Publication: 1978 Hardback Synopsis: Summer 1483: Catherine’s struggle to reconcile her love for Richard with her love for her husband and family Blood of the Boar Date of Publication: 1979 Hardback Synopsis: Catherine lives through the tragedies and treacheries of 1484-85 ABBEY Margaret The Crowned Boar Date of Publication: 1971 Hardback Synopsis: 1479-83: love story of a knight in the service of the Duke of Gloucester ABBEY Margaret The Son of York Date of Publication: 1972 Paperback Paperback edition of ‘The Crowned Boar’ ABBEY Margaret The Warwick Heiress Date of Publication: 1970 Hardback Date of Publication: 1971 Paperback Synopsis: 1469-71: love story of a groom in the Household of the Duke of Gloucester and a ward of the Earl of Warwick ALLISON-WILLIAMS Jean Cry ‘God for Richard’ Date of Publication: 1981 Hardback Synopsis: 1470-85: Richard’s story told by Francis Lovell and his sister Lady Elinor Lovell, mother of John of Gloucester ALLISON-WILLIAMS Jean Mistress of the Tabard Date of Publication: 1984 Hardback Synopsis: 1471: inn keeper’s daughter , Sir John Crosby’s niece, meets Richard of Gloucester, has an affair with Buckingham and helps find Anne Neville ALMEDINGEN E.M. -
Shakespeare Authorship Question 1 Shakespeare Authorship Question
Shakespeare authorship question 1 Shakespeare authorship question The Shakespeare authorship question is the argument that someone other than William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon wrote the works traditionally attributed to him, and that the historical Shakespeare was merely a front to shield the identity of the real author or authors, who for reasons such as social rank, state security or gender could not safely take public credit.[1] Although the idea has attracted much public interest,[2] all but a few Shakespeare scholars and literary historians consider it a fringe belief with no hard evidence, and for the most part disregard it except to rebut or disparage the claims.[3] Shakespeare's authorship was first questioned in the middle of the 19th century, when adulation of Shakespeare as the greatest writer of all time had become widespread.[4] Shakespeare's biography, with his humble origins and obscure life, seemed incompatible with his poetic eminence and reputation as a natural genius,[5] arousing suspicion that Shakespeare might not have written the works attributed to him.[6] Shakespeare surrounded by (clockwise from top right): Bacon, Derby, Marlowe and Oxford, each of whom has been [7] The controversy has since spawned a vast body of literature, proposed as the true author. and more than 70 authorship candidates have been proposed,[8] including Francis Bacon, the Earl of Derby, Christopher Marlowe, and the Earl of Oxford.[9] Proponents believe that their candidate is the more plausible author in terms of education, life experience