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Weighing Handbook Marketing and Regulatory Programs Weighing Agricultural Marketing Service Handbook Federal Grain Inspection Service Washington, D.C. April 2014 Cover United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service Federal Grain Inspection Service Program Handbook December 27, 2010 Weighing Handbook Foreword This handbook sets forth policies and procedures for providing official weighing services and is divided into chapters that pertain to major areas of weighing. The information contained in this handbook is applicable to Federal Grain Inspection Service (FGIS) field offices and to delegated and designated agencies. NOTE: Those chapters published in this Handbook since 2008 conform to the concept of primary use of SI metric measurements recommended in the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988 by citing SI units before inch-pound units where both units appear together and placing separate sections containing requirements in inch-pound units. In some cases, however, trade practice is currently restricted to the use of inch-pound units; therefore, some requirements in this Handbook will continue to specify and use examples only in inchpound units until the National Conference on Weights and Measures achieves a broad consensus on the permitted SI units. It should be noted that a space has been inserted instead of commas in all numerical values greater than 9999 in this document published since 2004, following a growing practice, originating in tabular work, to use spaces to separate large numbers into groups of three digits. This avoids conflict with the practice in many countries to use the comma as a decimal marker. /s/ Robert Lijewski Robert Lijewski, Director Field Management Division In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: [email protected]. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. Distribution: FGIS, OSP, Industry Originating Office: SPB, FMD TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 : PROCEDURES FOR OFFICIAL WEIGHING SERVICES Chapter 2 : DOCUMENTATION OF OFFICIAL WEIGHING SERVICES Chapter 3: SPECIFICATIONS, TOLERANCES, AND OTHER TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TESTING AND CERTIFYING OFFICIAL GRAIN WEIGHING DEVISES Chapter 4 : CHECKWEIGHING Chapter 5 : REVISION HISTORY Cover Foreword Weighing Handbook Table of Contents December 27, 2010 CHAPTER 1 PROCEDURES FOR OFFICIAL WEIGHING SERVICES CHAPTER 1: PROCEDURES FOR OFFICIAL WEIGHING SERVICES Contents CHAPTER 1: PROCEDURES FOR OFFICIAL WEIGHING SERVICES ��������������������������������1 1.1 TERMS �����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3 1.2 GENERAL EMPLOYEE RESPONSIBILITIES ����������������������������������������������������������������12 1.3 INBOUND MOVEMENT �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������15 1.4 OUTBOUND MOVEMENT ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������19 1.5 SCALE OPERATION ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������25 1.6 GRAIN FLOW SECURITY ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������38 1.7 SUPERVISION OF WEIGHING (CLASS Y) �������������������������������������������������������������������56 1.8 SPECIAL PROCEDURES ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������59 1.9 APPROVAL AND USE OF OFFICIAL MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEMS ������64 1.1 TERMS a. Grain Handling Terms. (1) Belt/Conveyor. Grain moving devices that transport grain in a horizontal or inclined direction. Usually constructed of an endless rubberized belt that moves over rollers, between a motor-driven head pulley, and a nonmotorized tail pulley. (2) Bin Floor. Name commonly given to the area directly above shipping and/or storage bins. The bin floor usually contains a variety of chutes, spouts, conveyor belts, and trippers that allow grain to be moved to various parts of the facility. (3) Boot. The covering (usually metal) around the bottom of an elevator leg. Grain is thrown off a horizontal conveyor belt into the boot where it is scooped up by buckets attached to the vertical elevator leg. The boot may be located in a sunken portion of elevator floor, referred to as the “boot pit.” (4) Boxcar. A carrier used to transport grain by rail. Access doors for loading and unloading are located on each side and require specialized loading and unloading equipment and procedures. (5) Carrier. A truck, trailer, truck/trailer combination, railcar, barge, ship, or other container used to transport bulk or sacked grain. (6) Container. A bin or other storage space, bag, box, or other receptacle for grain. (7) Delivery System. A system used to deliver inbound grain from the carrier to the scale or to deliver outbound grain from the scale to the carrier. The delivery system includes all belts, pits, bins, legs, chutes, and spouts through which the grain must travel in order to reach its intended destination. (8) Distributor. A piece of equipment used to direct grain to any of several bins, belts, or spouts. The distributor can be a movable spout or a movable turnhead that can be positioned over a number of stationary spouts or chutes. (9) Diversion Point. Any point in the delivery system where the direction of the grain flow can be changed. Diversion points existing in a facility define the grain flow security system and are prime areas for spills and leaks. (10) Diverter-Type Mechanical Sampler. A mechanical grain sampling device that periodically removes a proportional amount of grain from the flow for inspection purposes. (11) Draft. An amount of grain that is weighed in one weighing operation, especially on a large-capacity scale. Weighing Handbook Chapter 1 - Procedures for Official July 5, 2010 Weighing Services Page 1 - 3 (12) Elevator Legs. Vertical conveyor belts (usually enclosed in a metal covering) that lift grain through the facility by means of buckets made of various materials. (13) Elevator Facility Handbook. The guide to a facility which provides official personnel with detailed information on the facility in which they work. (14) Floating Rig. A waterborne grain handling and weighing system used to remove and weigh grain from barges directly to other waterborne carriers. (15) Gallery. An elevated structure that houses shipping belts and trippers that direct grain through spouts to vessels or barges. In some locales, the diverter- type mechanical sampler is also located in the gallery. (16) Garner. A temporary holding area above or below the weigh hopper included in the grain weighing system to allow for continuous grain flow. (17) Grain Cleaning Apparatus. Devices that remove nongrain material or that clean grain for shipment or storage. Cleaners that remove large pieces of metal, wood, and other nongrain foreign material from the grain are usually called “scalpers”. Cleaners that remove fine grain particles or dirt from grain are often called “shakers” and operate with a series of screens that separate fine particles as the grain passes over the screens. (18) Grain Flow Security. Measures taken by official personnel to guard against grain losses and verify grain movement throughout a facility’s grain weighing and delivery system. (19) Head Floor. Name given to an elevator floor where elevator legs turn and deposit grain into garners above weigh hoppers. In many facilities, grain cleaning equipment is also located on the head floor. The head floor is usually the top floor of the elevator building. (20) Hopper Car. A carrier used to transport grain by rail. Hopper cars have access doors for loading on the top and are unloaded by opening slides at the bottom of the cars. (21) Limit Switches. Mechanically activated switches used to
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