Laikipia County SMART Survey Report
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LAIKIPIA COUNTY INTEGRATED NUTRITION SMART SURVEY JULY 2017 1 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................ 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 5 Summary of Key findings ............................................................................................................................. 5 Conclusion and Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 6 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1 County background ......................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Physical and Topographic Features ................................................................................................. 8 1.3 Climatic Conditions ........................................................................................................................ 8 1.4 Frequent Drought and other hazards ............................................................................................... 9 1.5 Health Access and Nutrition ........................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Survey Objectives ........................................................................................................................... 9 2. METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1 Geographic Target Area and Population Group ............................................................................ 11 2.2 Survey design ................................................................................................................................ 11 2.3 Study Population ........................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Anthropometric Sample Size ........................................................................................................ 11 2.5 Cluster and Household Selection .................................................................................................. 12 2.6 Variables collected ........................................................................................................................ 12 2.7 Data Analysis ................................................................................................................................ 13 2.8 Nutritional Status Cut-off Points ................................................................................................... 13 3.1 Household Demographic Characteristics ...................................................................................... 15 3.2 Distribution of Children by Age and Sex ...................................................................................... 15 3.3 Nutritional Status of Under-Five Children .................................................................................... 16 3.3.1 Prevalence of acute malnutrition (weight-for-height z-score –WHO Standards 2006) ............ 16 3.3.2 Prevalence of Acute malnutrition by MUAC............................................................................ 16 3.3.3 Prevalence of Underweight ....................................................................................................... 17 3.3.4 Prevalence of Stunting .............................................................................................................. 17 3.3.5 Maternal Nutrition status and Iron-Folate Supplementation ..................................................... 18 3.4 Child Health and Immunization .................................................................................................... 18 3.4.1 Immunization Coverage ............................................................................................................ 18 3.4.2 Vitamin A supplementation and deworming coverage ............................................................. 19 3.4.3 Child Morbidity and Health seeking behaviour ........................................................................ 19 3.5 Household Water Access and Sanitation ....................................................................................... 20 3.5.1 Main sources of Water .............................................................................................................. 20 3.1.1 Access to Toilet and Hand washing practices ........................................................................... 22 3.6 Livelihood and Food Security Indicators ...................................................................................... 23 3.6.1 Main livelihood activities ......................................................................................................... 23 3.6.2 Main source of income ............................................................................................................. 24 3.6.3 Main dominant food and sources .............................................................................................. 25 3.6.4 Household Dietary Diversity .................................................................................................... 25 3.6.5 Women Dietary Diversity ......................................................................................................... 26 2 4. CONCLUSION AND ECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................... 27 List of Table Table 1. Summary of survey findings ........................................................................................................... 5 Table 2. Anthropometric Sample Size for the survey ................................................................................ 11 Table 3. Distribution of age and sex of sampled children ......................................................................... 16 Table 4. Prevalence of acute malnutrition based on weight-for-height z-scores (and/or oedema) and by sex ................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Table 5. Prevalence of acute malnutrition based on MUAC (and/or oedema) ........................................ 17 Table 6. Prevalence of underweight based on weight-for-age z-scores by sex ......................................... 17 Table 7. Prevalence of stunting based on height-for-age z-scores and by sex ......................................... 18 Table 8. Iron-folate supplementation during last pregnancy .................................................................... 18 Table 9. Immunization coverage in Laikipia County ................................................................................ 19 Table 10. Vitamin A and deworming coverage in Laikipia County ......................................................... 19 Table 11. Hand Washing practices in Laikipia County ............................................................................ 23 List of Figures Figure 1: Population distribution by livelihood zone .................................................................................. 8 Figure 2. Age group distribution in Laikipia County ................................................................................ 15 Figure 3. Prevalence of diseases among children in Laikipia County ............................................................ 20 Figure 4. Health seeking behavior in Laikipia County ................................................................................... 20 Figure 5. Main Source of water in Laikipia County ....................................................................................... 21 Figure 6. Distance to main water source ......................................................................................................... 22 Figure 7. Average time HHs spent Queuing for water ................................................................................... 22 Figure 8. Latrine coverage in Laikipia County ............................................................................................... 23 Figure 9. Main livelihoods in Laikipia County ............................................................................................... 24 Figure 10. Main source of income in Laikipia County ................................................................................... 24 Figure 11. Frequency for consumption of micronutrient rich foods ............................................................... 25 Figure 12. Dietary diversity score in Laikipia County .................................................................................... 26 Figure 13. Food Consumption score in Laikipia County ................................................................................ 26 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Survey team would like to express sincere thanks to all who made the survey possible despite numerous challenges. In particular, special thanks go to Francis Wambua for compiling the report. Special gratitude to Phoebe Kilonzo and the entire Laikipia County Health team for