The Spatial Structure of Yazd Courtyard Houses: a Space Syntax Analysis of the Topological Characteristics of the Courtyard
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Iran Discovery Tour - 8 Days Tehran, Shiraz, Yazd, Isfahan, Kashan
Iran Discovery Tour - 8 Days Tehran, Shiraz, Yazd, Isfahan, Kashan Day 1 Arrive in Tehran Welcome to the Land of Persia. We will start our first day after the having our breakfast. Today you will get familiar with our Imperial history. – Saad Abad Palace – Cinema museum (Enjoy your coffee in the beautiful garden of this ancient hunting palace) Day 2 Shiraz Head to the airport for a short flight to Shiraz after having breakfast and checking- out. Shiraz is known as the city of poets, literature and flowers. It is also considered by many Iranians to be the city of gardens due to the many gardens and fruit trees that can be seen in the city. -Eram Garden(UNESCO Site) -Hafez Tomb -Sadi Tomb Day 3 Shiraz Head to the Zand complex including the castle, old colorful bazaar and mosque to get a sense of Shiraz as a capital 250 years ago. We will continue visiting the sites of this famous city. – Karim Khan Zand Castle – Vakil Hamam – Old Bazar – Jameh Mosque – Pink Mosque Day 4 Persepolis / Yazd On the way to Yazd we are going to visit the three most important sites in Iran. It represents the Achaemenid style of architecture. – Persepolis – Pasargad – Necropolis • 7 Mezher Street, Antelias • 60-233 Beirut, Lebanon • +961 4 712037 www.ventnouveau.com • [email protected] Day 5 Yazd You will get familiar with Zoroastrian culture in this ancient city. Because of generations of adaptations to its desert surroundings, Yazd has a unique Persian architecture and it is also called the city of wind towers. -
Persian Royal Ancestry
GRANHOLM GENEALOGY PERSIAN ROYAL ANCESTRY Achaemenid Dynasty from Greek mythical Perses, (705-550 BC) یشنماخه یهاشنهاش (Achaemenid Empire, (550-329 BC نايناساس (Sassanid Empire (224-c. 670 INTRODUCTION Persia, of which a large part was called Iran since 1935, has a well recorded history of our early royal ancestry. Two eras covered are here in two parts; the Achaemenid and Sassanian Empires, the first and last of the Pre-Islamic Persian dynasties. This ancestry begins with a connection of the Persian kings to the Greek mythology according to Plato. I have included these kind of connections between myth and history, the reader may decide if and where such a connection really takes place. Plato 428/427 BC – 348/347 BC), was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, student of Socrates, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. King or Shah Cyrus the Great established the first dynasty of Persia about 550 BC. A special list, “Byzantine Emperors” is inserted (at page 27) after the first part showing the lineage from early Egyptian rulers to Cyrus the Great and to the last king of that dynasty, Artaxerxes II, whose daughter Rodogune became a Queen of Armenia. Their descendants tie into our lineage listed in my books about our lineage from our Byzantine, Russia and Poland. The second begins with King Ardashir I, the 59th great grandfather, reigned during 226-241 and ens with the last one, King Yazdagird III, the 43rd great grandfather, reigned during 632 – 651. He married Maria, a Byzantine Princess, which ties into our Byzantine Ancestry. -
Migration History of the Afro-Eurasian Transition Zone, C. 300
Chapter 1 Migration History of the Afro-Eurasian Transition Zone, c. 300–1500: An Introduction (with a Chronological Table of Selected Events of Political and Migration History) Johannes Preiser-Kapeller, Lucian Reinfandt and Yannis Stouraitis When the process of compilation of this volume started in 2014, migration was without doubt already a “hot” topic. Yet, it were only the events of 2015,1 which put migration on top of the discussion about the Euro and the economic crisis in the agenda of politicians, the wider public and the media. In this heated debate, the events of past migrations have been employed in a biased manner as arguments against a new “Völkerwanderung” destined to disintegrate Eu- rope as it did with the (Western) Roman Empire. Thus, the present volume could be seen, among other things, also as an effort to provide a corrective to such oversimplifying recourses to the ancient and medieval period.2 It should be noted, however, that it was planned and drafted before the events. The volume emerged from a series of papers given at the European Social Science History Conference in Vienna in April 2014 in two sessions on “Early Medieval Migrations” organized by Professors Dirk Hoerder and Johannes Koder. Their aim was to integrate the migration history of the medieval period into the wider discourse of migration studies and to include recent research. The three editors have added contributions by specialists for other periods and regions in order to cover as wide an area and a spectrum of forms of migration as possible. Still, it was not possible to cover all regions, periods and migra- tion movements with the same weight; as one of the anonymous reviewers properly pointed out, the “work’s centre of gravity is (…) between the Eastern Mediterranean region and the Tigris/Euphrates”, with Africa not included in a similar way as Asia or Europe. -
Takhté Soleymān
Historical Site of Mirhadi Hoseini http://m-hosseini.ir ……………………………………………………………………………………… Takhté Soleymân Azar Goshnasp Fire-Temple Complex By Professor Dietrich Huff Takht-e Soleymân is an outstanding archeological site with substantial Sasanian and Il-khanid ruins in Azarbaijan province, between Bijâr and Šâhin-dež, about 30 km north-northeast of Takâb, with about 2, 200 m altitude, surrounded by mountain chains of more than 3000 m altitude. The place was obviously chosen for its natural peculiarity; an outcrop of limestone, about 60 m above the valley, built up by the sediments of the overflowing calcinating water of a thermal spring-lake (21° C) with about 80 m diameter and more than 60 m depth on the top of the hill (Damm). The place is mentioned in most of the medieval Oriental chronicles (e.g., Ebn Khordâdbeh, pp. 19, 119 ff.; Tabari, p. 866; Nöldeke, p. 100, n. 1; Bel'ami, p. 942, tr., II, p. 292; Ebn al-Faqih, pp. 246, 286; Mas'udi, ed. Pellat, sec. 1400, tr., IV, pp. 74 f; idem, Tanbih, p. 95; Abu Dolaf, pp. 31 ff.; Ferdowsi, pp. 111 ff.; Yâqut, Beirut, III, pp. 383-84, tr., pp. 367 ff; Qazvini, II, pp. 267; Hamd-Allâh Mostawfi, p. 64, tr., p. 69, who attributes its foundation to the Kayanid Kay Khosrow) and was visited and described repeatedly by western travelers and scholars since the 19th century (e.g., Ker Porter, pp. 557 ff.; Monteith, pp. 7 ff.; Rawlinson, pp. 46 ff.; Houtum Schindler, pp. 327 f.; Jackson, 1906, pp. 124 ff.). It was erroneously taken for a second Ecbatana (q.v.) by Henry Rawlinson, and defective Byzantine sources caused it to be confused with the great Atropatenian city of Ganzak (q.v.) and other places (Minorsky). -
Open Dimedio.Pdf
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHREYER HONORS COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY THE CHURCH OF THE EAST: RECLAIMING FORGOTTEN CHRISTIAN HISTORY MARIA DIMEDIO SPRING 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a baccalaureate degree in History with honors in History Reviewed and approved* by the following: A. Gregg Roeber Professor of Early Modern History and Religious Studies Thesis Supervisor Michael Milligan Director of Undergraduate Studies Honors Adviser * Signatures are on file in the Schreyer Honors College. i ABSTRACT This thesis explores the unique history of the Christian Church of the East in Syria and Persia in late antiquity. The Church of the East played an important role in the stability of Christianity in the Middle East during the rise of Islam, specifically regarding the Islamic conquests of Sassanid Persia in the seventh century CE. In order to reach this point, this thesis explores the monotheistic traditions in ancient Syria and Persia, beginning with Judaism and pagan cultic practices, followed by the rise of Jesus of Nazareth. It then covers the emergence of unique theological differences between Christians practicing in the East, and the Roman Chalcedonian Church. In doing so, the misconceptions of the Church of the East, frequently referred to inaccurately as the ‘Nestorians,’ are debunked. Following this, political conflicts between the Roman Byzantine Empire and the Persian Sassanid Empire are argued to have forced theological decisions to be made by Eastern Christians in order to avoid persecution. By the Islamic conquests in the seventh century, the Church of the East was stable enough to survive a total political takeover. -
Tour Name: 08 Days Persia Classic Tour Overview
Tour Name: 08 Days Persia Classic Tour Tour Code: OT1108024 Tour Duration: 08 Days and 07 Nights Tour Category: Discovery / Cultural Tour Difficulty: 2 Tour Tags: Classic Tour Tour Best Date: 12 months Tour Services Type: 3*/ B&B Tour Destinations: Tehran/Shiraz/Yazd/ Isfahan/ Kashan Age Limit: No Age Limit Number ticket limits: 2-16 Overview: Landing to PERSIA, Iran is a country with endless history and tradition and you will explore both ancient Persia and modern Iran. Our Persia Classic Tour program includes the natural and historical attractions of central parts of Iran. In this Route, we will visit cities like Tehran, Kashan, Isfahan, Yazd, and Shiraz. In most of these areas, living in warm and dry areas has been linked with history and has shaped the lifestyle that is specific to these areas. Highlights: ▪ It is a 08 days Iran classic discovery and cultural tour. ▪ The tour starts and ends in Tehran. We visit 5 main cities and amazing UNESCO world heritage sites in Iran. ▪ Meals and accommodations are B&B. Tour Itinerary: Landing to PERSIA Welcome to Iran. To be met by your tour guide at the airport (IKA airport), you will be transferred to your hotel. We will visit the lavish Golestan Palace*, this fabulous walled complex is centered on a landscaped garden with tranquil pools. Time permitting; we can walk around Grand old Bazaar of Tehran, few steps far from Golestan Palace. Continue along the Bazaar route. Then at night, we take a flight to Shiraz. O/N Shiraz Note: The priority in sightseeing may be changed due to the time of your arrival, preference of your guide and also official and unofficial holidays of some museums. -
Pdf 799.44 K
Available online at www.jrors.ir Journal Of Radar and Optic Remote Sensing JRORS 2 (2018) 79–93 Investigating the role of duality in geomorphology using radar data in Bahadoran plain of Yazd Hamed Piri a*, Abolqasem Amir Ahmadi b , Hamed Adabc a Member of young researcher club, Islamic Azad university, Safadasht Branch, Tehran,Iran b Associate Professor of Faculty of Geography, Hakim University of Sabzevar c Assistant Professor of Faculty of Geography, Hakim Sabzevari University Received 23 May 2018; revised 22 September 2018; accepted 22 October 2018 Abstract Many varied attitudes exist about how the changes occur in the land-surface from the time of William Davis’s research to the latest researchers in the history of geomorphologic philosophy and many different terms are used by scientists in order to observe their ideas related to geomorphic phenomena. The phenomenon of duality has been seen less in the geomorphology field. There exist some contradictory phenomena in nature, but further investigation can show their correlation clearly. Durability can be considered as a better dynamic entropy. In this research, radar interferometry technique has been used in Yazd-Bahadoran area and the amount of subsidence and uplifting has been investigated Through field and library studies and the results have been compared with the other researchers' studies, which is a new concept in the literature of geomorphology under geo-duality. The study results indicate that the main reason for the subsidence was not to cut down the level of groundwater, and in this regard the tectonic movements play a significant role. Also, the study shows a significant relationship between subsidence in the Bahadoran plain and the collapse in adjacent heights in terms of duality or dichotomy. -
Meybod-Yazd- Shiraz -Esfahan -Abyaneh -Kashan-Tehran
Type &name of the tour: Classic Itinerary, visiting cultural & historical highlights of Nae'in –Meybod-Yazd- Shiraz -Esfahan -Abyaneh -Kashan-Tehran :Itinerary 1 st Day – Arrival-Tehran Arrival in Imam Khomeini international airport, after greeting, transfer to the hotel and rest, visiting some highlights of Tehran ,the Capital of Iran ,including Ancient National Museum and Abgineh (Glass) Museum (Ancient National & Abgineh Museums are closed on Mondays & holly memorial), Golestan Palace (closed (on holly memorial ceremonies) , O/N Tehran (Hotel –B 2 nd Day-Tehran - Nae'in-Meybod-Yazd Driving to Yazd, visiting Meybod & Nae’in Historical highlights en route; including Pirniya Museum and Congressional Mosque, in Nae’in , and caravansary, Narin Ghaleh (fortress), traditional refrigerator ,Chaparkhane (old post center) ,Pigeon Tower and (Ceramic shops of Meybod, O/N Yazd (Hotel-B 3 rd Day - Yazd Full day city tour of Yazd ,the old city with interesting desert architecture, visiting the highlights of Yazd including Amir Chakhmagh Complex, Fahaadan old neighborhood ,Zeyaeyeh School (Aleksandra Prison), Water Museum, Congregational Mosque, Zoroastrian old Fire Temple ,and the tallest Wind Tower in (Dolat Abaad Garden , O/N Yazd (Hotel-B ُ th Day - Yazd - Persepolis-Pasargadae 4 Driving to Shiraz, visiting the most important historical sites of Iranian civilization, dating back to 2500 years ago , including Persepolis (Thakht -e Jamshid ), Pasargadae (Cyrus, the Great tomb) and Naghsh-e- Rostam and Naghsh-e Rajab, en route, O/N (Takht-E-Jamshid -
The History of Human Dwelling on Plains Coincides with the Chronicle of the Recognition and Utilization of Mud for Building the Primal Human Habitats
The history of human dwelling on plains coincides with the chronicle of the recognition and utilization of mud for building the primal human habitats. Water and soil as the most accessible materials and the mélange of these two - the mud -_has made it possible for the ancient communities of human to reside on plains. 1 The first tokens of such settlements in the central plateau of Iran dates back to 8000 BC. Shaped-up masses of mud set beside each other to construct the first human habitats. Ganj-Darreh in Kermanshah, Ozbaki near Tehran and Zagheh in Dashteh-Ghazvin are places in which proofs of remnants of such endeavors to primitive dwelling places have been found. Although ten thousand years has passed since the first settlements were constructed, the mud is still used as the suitable bonding agent, inexpensive and available material which has materialized the comfort and repose of the Iranians in a span of millennia. The result of such continuity in the usage of mud and sun-dried mud-bricks in a period of ten thousand years has been houses, temples, prayer-houses, castles, palaces, and several towns which still exist in this land. These are the symbols of the history of this nation. Over %60 of the residential space of village and city limits of the Iranian plateau are still made up of mud. Such density of usable mud area is a national wealth which is not easily replaceable. Application of mud and dried mud-brick in buildings is a confinement. Mud-brick lacks traction resistance and can only bear weight forces to a limited extent. -
Data Collection Survey on Tourism and Cultural Heritage in the Islamic Republic of Iran Final Report
THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN IRANIAN CULTURAL HERITAGE, HANDICRAFTS AND TOURISM ORGANIZATION (ICHTO) DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON TOURISM AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN FINAL REPORT FEBRUARY 2018 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY JTB CORPORATE SALES INC. INGÉROSEC CORPORATION RECS INTERNATIONAL INC. 7R JR 18-006 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) DATA COLLECTION SURVEY ON TOURISM AND CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN FINAL REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ v Maps ........................................................................................................................................ vi Photos (The 1st Field Survey) ................................................................................................. vii Photos (The 2nd Field Survey) ............................................................................................... viii Photos (The 3rd Field Survey) .................................................................................................. ix List of Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................ x 1. Outline of the Survey ....................................................................................................... 1 (1) Background and Objectives ..................................................................................... -
Nisibis As the Background to the Life of Ephrem the Syrian
Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies, Vol. 8, 179-235 © 2005 [2009] by Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute and Gorgias Press NISIBIS AS THE BACKGROUND TO THE LIFE OF EPHREM THE SYRIAN PAUL S. RUSSELL ST. JOSEPH OF ARIMATHEA ANGLICAN THEOLOGICAL COLLEGE ABSTRACT1 This paper is an attempt to collect together what is known about Nisibis before and during the life of Ephrem the Syrian (306-373). It is important to see him against the backdrop of the place that formed him rather than the place in which he spent the final years of his life, so it is to Nisibis that we should turn for insight into Ephrem’s basic thoughts and concerns. I hope that this information may stir readers to reflect on Ephrem as a child of his birthplace and to see him in a slightly different light than before. Even of Nisibis, which was clearly the central place in the eastern part of the Mesopotamian shelf, we have 1 I would like to thank the anonymous readers from Hugoye as well as Dr. Daniel Stoekl Ben Ezra of Hebrew University, Dr. David G. K. Taylor of Oxford University, Dr. James Russell of Harvard University, Adam Becker of New York University, Dr. Mark Dickens of Cambridge University, Dr. Edwin Yamauchi of Miami University of Ohio and Dr. Glen Bowersock of Princeton University for supplying me with information and suggestions that were helpful in filling in gaps and giving a clearer shape to this paper that had been electronically damaged as well as being incomplete. Please accept my apologies if this list is incomplete. -
Local Architecture: Using Traditional Persian Elements to Design for Climate in Yazd, Iran
Local Architecture: Using Traditional Persian Elements to Design for Climate in Yazd, Iran by Sepideh Sohrabi Mollayousef A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Architecture in M. Architecture Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2015 Sepideh Sohrabi Mollayousef 1 ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to research and study vernacular architecture in Yazd. Additionally, this study will explore the social and environmen- tal bases of the traditional Yazdi house. In order to develop a cohesive understanding of contemporary issues in Iranian design, a variety of resource materials will be drawn on, including journal articles, reports, books, and field studies. The thesis will culminate in a project to design a large-scale master plan and schematic housing layouts for a residential complex at Yazd University that will house professors and their immedi- ate family members. 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to express my gratitude to my supervi- sor, Prof. Johan Voordouw, who has supported me with his patience and knowledge whilst allowing me to develop my research. Also I would like to offer special thanks to my committee chair, Dr. Fed- erica Goffi, for her offered guidance, care and support. I also want to thank Dr. Inderbir Singh Riar and Marjan Ghannad for serving on my graduate committee. I would like to thank my father, Dr. Teymour Sohrabi, and dear mother, Fariba Zamani Sani, for each providing me with love, encouragement and support. Special thanks go to my amazing sister, Sara, who has provided inexhaustible love, support and encouragement.