Vathia Gonia

05 March 2015 Nicosia, Cyprus

Wastewater Management in Cyprus

Lia Georgiou Senior Sanitary Engineer – Sewage and Reuse Division

Water Development Department Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment Republic of Cyprus Table of Contents

INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT LAW 79(I) /2010 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS SUPPLY OF TREATED EFFLUENT REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT QUANTITIES OF TREATED EFFLUENT PER PLANT SELLING RATES OF TREATED EFFLUENT AQUIFER RESCHARGE TREATED EFFLUENT IRRIGATION NETWORKS OTHER USES OF TREATED EFFLUENT QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS ABOVE 2000P.E. ACCORDING TO THE DISCHARGE PERMITS:. QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS LESS THAN 2000 P. E .

ANALYSES OF TREATED EFFLUENT METHODS OF DISINFECTION OF URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

DATA FOR SOIL IRRIGATED WITH TREATED EFFLUENT GENERAL COMMENTS FOR THE REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT UNTREATED WASTEWATER LESS THAN 2000 PE (2009-2012)

UNTREATED WASTEWATER ABOVE THAN 2000 PE (2009-2012) 2 INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT LAW 79(I) /2010

PART V – WASTEWATER

Based on the new law, Water Development Department is responsible for the following regarding wastewater treatment:

• Establishment of wastewater treatment system • Storm water drainage system establishment • Local authority technical advisor • Technical Advisor for Sewerage Boards • Sewage Treatment of all Buildings of the Republic • Supply of water from the treatment of sewage

3 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

Capacity Plant Owner of the Plant (m³/day) Anthoupoli Nicosia Sewerage Board 13.000 Vathia Gonia Nicosia Sewerage Board 21.000 Water Development Vathia Gonia 2.200 Department Mia Milia UNDP 30.000 Sewerage Board of Limassol Limassol (Moni) 40.000 Amathus Larnaca Sewerage Board of Larnaca 18.000 Paphos (Achelia) Sewerage Board of Paphos 19.500 Sewerage Board of Paralimni –Ayia Napa 21.000 Paralimni- Ayia Napa

4 WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS Existing Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants

WASTEWATER TREATMENT METHODS APPLIED IN URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

TYPE OF TERTIARY NAME OF WWTP TYPE OF SECONDARY TREATMENT TREATMENT

ACTIVATED SLUDGE MEMBRANE MEMBRANE 1 ANTHOUPOLI BIOREACTOR , NITRIFICATION - BIOREACTOR DENITRIFICATION, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE EXTENDED AERATION 2 VATHIA GONIA (WDD) SAND FILTERS -OXIDATION DITCHES ACTIVATED SLUDGE MEMBRANE MEMBRANE 3 VATHIA GONIA (SBN) BIOREACTOR, NITRIFICATION - BIOREACTOR DENITRIFICATION, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL 4 AYIA NAPA SAND FILTERS ACTIVATED SLUDGE, NITRIFICATION - DENITRIFICATION, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL 5 PARALIMNI SAND FILTERS

ACTIVATED SLUDGE, NITRIFICATION - 6 PAPHOS SAND FILTERS DENITRIFICATION, PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL

5 CENTRAL MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN VATHIA GONIA

This plant has been constructed by the Water Development Department and treats waste which is transferred by tankers from the districts of Nicosia and Larnaca (areas which are not connected yet with sewer system but they use septic tanks). It also treats five types of industrial waste, transferred also by tankers such as:

§dairy washings, §fat oil and grease, §washings from metals, §strong organic waste and §weak organic waste.

It also treats the surplus activated sludge from small wastewater treatment plants.

6 Vathia Gonia (WDD) WWTP

The Government Water Project of the Central Wastewater Treatment and Industrial Waste in Vathia Gonia processing the following categories of industrial waste with those qualities BOD5, SS, COD.

BOD5 COD SS (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l)

Dairy wastes 9.930 16.527 6.923

Fat oil and grease 2.657 4.800 1.828

Strong organic waste 5.506 10.146 3.413

Weak organic waste 948 2.013 265

7 Existing Rural Wastewater Treatment Plants (> 2000p.e.)

Type of treatment: Extended Aeration-Tertiary Sand Filters- Chlorination with liquid hypoclorite

Capacity Plant Owner (m³/day) Kyperounta Sewerage Board of Kyperounta 300 Platres Sewerage Board of Platres 300 Agros Sewerage Board of Agros 450 Lythrodontas Sewerage Board of Lythrodontas 360 Pelentri Sewerage Board of Pelentri 360

Dali Sewerage Board of Dali –Pera Chorio Nisou 500

8 Existing Rural Wastewater Treatment Plants (< 2000p.e.)

A/A Plant Owner

1 Alassa Limassol District Officer

2 Askas Sewerage Board of Askas

3 Kakopetria (Center) Sewerage Board of Kakopetria

4 Agglissides Sewerage Board of Agglissides

5 Palechori Sewerage Board of Palechori

9 Existing Wastewater Treatment Plants for Refugee Housing

A/A Plant Capacity (m³/day)

1 Κofinou 80

2 Livadia 36

3 Arediou 90

10 Existing Wastewater Treatment Plants for Hospitals

A/A Plant Capacity (m³/day)

1 Nicosia New Hospital 700

2 Larnaca Hospital 300

3 Limassol Hospital 280

11 Existing Wastewater Treatment Plants for Hospitals

A/A Plant Capacity (m³/day)

1 Military Camp 1 100

2 Military Camp 2 72

3 Military Camp 3 70

4 Military Camp 4 72

5 Military Camp 5 120

6 Military Camp 6 50

7 Military Camp 7 140

8 Military Camp 8 24

9 Military Camp 9 36 12 13 14 The policy of the Government is that the treated effluent produced by the Urban Sewerage Boards will be handled and disposed by the Government. For this reason the Water Development Department is responsible for the supply of treated effluent from the urban wastewater treatment plants.

The cost for the construction and the operation and maintenance of the tertiary treatment plant carried out by the Urban Sewerage Boards is undertaken by the Government.

15 REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT

IN CYPRUS THE TREATED EFFLUENT FROM THE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IS REUSED FOR THE FOLLOWING PURPOSES :

• IRRIGATION • ENRICHMENT OF UNDERGROUND WATER (PAPHOS WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT)

THE IRRIGATION IS DONE UNDER THE CODE OF CORRECT AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE.

OTHER WAYS OF DISPOSAL

•DISCHARGE INTO THE SEA

DURING WINTER MONTHS IN LARNACA AND LIMASSOL WHENTHERE WAS NO DEMAND FOR IRRIGATION SOME QUANTITIES ARE DISCHARGED INTO THE SEA (as described in the Discharge Permit)

16 THE TREATED EFFLUENT IS MAINLY USED

LIMASSOL LARNACA PARALIMNI VATHIA GONIA ANTHOULIS PLANT PLANT PLANT AYI A NAPA PLANT PLANT

CITRUS TREES FODDER CITRUS GREEN AREAS CITRUS TREES CROPS FRUITS

FODDER CORN OLIVE TREES CORN VEGETABLES CROPS

VEGETABLES CITRUS POTATOES OLIVE TREES VINES TREES

GREEN AREAS GREEN GREEN FODDER CROPS FODDER CROPS AREAS AREAS

VINES GRASS PRODUCTION

17 REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT

IN CYPRUS THE TREATED EFFLUENT FROM THE URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS IS REUSED FOR THE FOLLOWING PURPOSES :

• IRRIGATION • ENRICHMENT OF UNDERGROUND WATER (PAPHOS WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT)

THE IRRIGATION IS DONE UNDER THE CODE OF CORRECT AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE.

OTHER WAYS OF DISPOSAL

•DISCHARGE INTO THE SEA

IN THE PAST YEARS DURING SOME WINTER MONTHS IN LARNACA AND LIMASSOL THERE WAS NO DEMAND AND SOME QUANTITIES WERE DISCHARGED INTO THE SEA.

18 REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT

CROPS WHICH ARE IRRIGATED WITH TREATED EFFLUENT

THE TREATED EFFLUENT COULD BE USED FOR THE FOLLOWING:

• ALL TYPES OF PLANTS ,

• SEASONAL AND PERMANENT

EXCEPT OF FOLIACEOUS VEGETABLES ,BULBS AND CONDYLES THAT ARE EATEN RAW.

EVERYTHING IS DONE ACCORDING TO THE CODE OF CORRECT AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE.

19 YEARLY QUANTITIES OF TREATED EFFLUENT PER PLANT

QUANTITIES (m3) WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

LIMASSOL 6.246.854 6.417.670 6.548.390 6.435.900 5.490.179 5.820.010 6.635.360 6.667.050 7.474.700

PAPHOS 1.837.730 2.177.883 2.952.463 2.553.812 2.380.061 2.325.182 2.341.268 2.293.563 3.909.953

AYIA NAPA 790.926 849.204 680.129 852.220 966.609 972.389 1.056.312 1.011.401 1.002.011

PARALIMNI 1.076.131 1.426.513 1.730.827 1.419.793 1.320.053 1.131.951 1.316.818 1.444.503 1.678.491

LARNAKA 2.287.663 1.876.764 2.139.196 1.935.294 1.840.117 1.774.498 1.800.122 2.198.119 2.583.455

ANTHOUPOLIS 297.600 297.600 292.000 292.000 295.376 573.357 828.362 976.715 1.137.315

VATHIA GONIA ( WDD) 457.930 365.502 419.553 335.237 310.874 314.958 292.905 230.640 171.240

VATHIA GONIA ( SBN) 647.034 1.699.626 2.251.718

TOTAL PRODUCTION (m3) (A) 12.994.834 13.411.136 14.762.558 13.824.256 12.603.269 12.912.345 14.918.181 16.521.617 20.208.883 REFUGEE HOUSINGS 275.575 275.575 275.575 275.575 323.025 323.025 323.025 277.400 277.400 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009,2010

HOSPITALS 368.650 368.650 368.650 368.650 540.200 540.200 540.200 474.500 467.200 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 200

SMALL COMMUNITIES < 2.000 P.E. 167.900 167.900 167.900 167.900 204.400 204.400 204.400 237.250 237.250 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009, 2010, MILITARY CAMPS 150.745 150.745 150.745 150.745 249.660 249.660 249.660 249.660 249.660 (8 -- 2007, RURAL COMMUNITIES > 2.000 P.E 456.250 456.250 456.250 456.250 587.650 587.650 587.650 770.150 770.150 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 2009, 6 -

SUBTOTAL (B) 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.904.935 1.904.935 1.904.935 2.008.960 2.001.660

GRAND TOTAL (A) +(B) 14.413.954 14.830.256 16.181.678 15.243.376 14.508.204 14.817.280 16.823.116 18.530.577 22.210.543

ΜΙΑΣ ΜΗΛΙΑΣ(*) 5.580.000 5.580.000 5.475.000 5.475.000 8.395.000 8.493.550 8.493.550 8.493.550 8.493.550

(*) Αυτός ο σταθμός είναι δικοινοτικός καιδεν είναι κάτω από τον έλεγχο της Δημοκρατίας.Δεν υπάρχουν στοιχεία για την επαναχρησιμοποιήση. 20 YEARLY QUANTITIES OF TREATED EFFLUENT PER PLANT

IRRIGATION WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

LIMASSOL 3.842.671 4.131.167 4.716.458 5.466.247 4.700.440 3.822.240 5.055.630 4.418.150 4.308.650 PAPHOS 0 0 0 0 91.250 91.250 91.250 91.250 91.250

AYIA NAPA 790.926 849.204 680.129 852.220 966.609 972.389 1.056.714 1.011.401 1.002.011 PARALIMNI 1.076.131 1.426.513 1.730.827 1.419.793 1.320.053 1.131.951 1.318.110 1.444.503 1.678.491 LARNAKA 1.992.137 1.816.348 1.910.867 1.935.294 1.840.117 1.216.172 1.733.779 1.815.369 1.921.655 ANTHOUPOLIS 297.600 297.600 292.000 292.000 295.376 573.357 365.463 454.649 366.389

VATHIA GONIA ( WDD) 457.930 365.502 419.553 335.237 310.874 314.958 293.905 1.699.626 171.240

VATHIA GONIA ( SBN) ------647.034 230.640 2.251.718 TOTAL PRODUCTION (m3) (A) 8.457.395 8.886.334 9.749.834 10.300.791 9.524.719 8.122.317 10.561.885 11.165.588 11.791.404 REFUGEE HOUSINGS 275.575 275.575 275.575 275.575 323.025 323.025 323.025 277.400 277.400 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009,2010

HOSPITALS 368.650 368.650 368.650 368.650 540.200 540.200 540.200 474.500 467.200 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 200

SUBTOTAL (B) 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.419.120 1.904.935 1.904.935 2.087.435 2.008.960 2.001.660

GRAND TOTAL (A) +(B) 9.876.515 10.305.454 11.168.954 11.719.911 11.429.654 10.027.252 12.649.320 13.174.548 13.793.064

ΜΙΑΣ ΜΗΛΙΑΣ(*) 5.580.000 5.580.000 5.475.000 5.475.000 8.395.000 8.493.550 8.493.550 8.493.550 8.493.550

(*) Αυτός ο σταθμός είναι δικοινοτικός καιδεν είναι κάτω από τον έλεγχο της Δημοκρατίας.Δεν υπάρχουν στοιχεία για την επαναχρησιμοποιήση. 21 YEARLY QUANTITIES OF TREATED EFFLUENT PER PLANT

ENRICHMENT OF AQUIFER WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

LIMASSOL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PAPHOS 1.837.730 2.177.883 2.952.463 2.553.812 2.288.811 2.233.932 2.369.297 2.202.313 3.818.703

AYIA NAPA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PARALIMNI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LARNAKA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ANTHOUPOLIS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

VATHIA GONIA ( WDD) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

VATHIA GONIA ( SBN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTAL PRODUCTION (m3) (A) 1.837.730 2.177.883 2.952.463 2.553.812 2.288.811 2.233.932 2.369.297 2.202.313 3.818.703 REFUGEE HOUSINGS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009,2010

HOSPITALS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 200

SMALL COMMUNITIES < 2.000 P.E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009, 2010, MILITARY CAMPS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (8 -- 2007, RURAL COMMUNITIES > 2.000 P.E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 2009, 6 -

SUBTOTAL (B) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

GRAND TOTAL (A) +(B) 1.837.730 2.177.883 2.952.463 2.553.812 2.288.811 2.233.932 2.369.297 2.202.313 3.818.703

ΜΙΑΣ ΜΗΛΙΑΣ(*) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(*) Αυτός ο σταθμός είναι δικοινοτικός καιδεν είναι κάτω από τον έλεγχο της Δημοκρατίας.Δεν υπάρχουν στοιχεία για την επαναχρησιμοποιήση. 22 YEARLY QUANTITIES OF TREATED EFFLUENT PER PLANT

DISCHARGED INTO THE SEA WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

LIMASSOL 2.404.183 2.286.503 1.831.932 969.653 108.255 919.340 911.590 1.315.490 2.970.510 PAPHOS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 AYIA NAPA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PARALIMNI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 LARNAKA 295.526 60.416 228.329 0 0 558.326 287.847 382.750 661.800 ANTHOUPOLIS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 VATHIA GONIA ( WDD) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 VATHIA GONIA ( SBN) ------0 0 0 TOTAL PRODUCTION (m3) (A) 2.699.709 2.346.919 2.060.261 969.653 108.255 1.477.666 1.199.437 1.698.240 3.632.310 REFUGEE HOUSINGS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009,2010

HOSPITALS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 200

SMALL COMMUNITIES < 2.000 P.E. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (3 -- 2007, 4 -- 2009, 2010, MILITARY CAMPS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (8 -- 2007, RURAL COMMUNITIES > 2.000 P.E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (4 -- 2007, 5 -- 2009, 6 - SUBTOTAL (B) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

GRAND TOTAL (A) +(B) 2.699.709 2.346.919 2.060.261 969.653 108.255 1.477.666 1.199.437 1.698.240 3.632.310

ΜΙΑΣ ΜΗΛΙΑΣ(*) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(*) Αυτός ο σταθμός είναι δικοινοτικός καιδεν είναι κάτω από τον έλεγχο της Δημοκρατίας.Δεν υπάρχουν στοιχεία για την επαναχρησιμοποιήση. 23 2004 - 2012 QUANTITITES AND USES OF TREATED WASTEWATER

14.000.000

12.000.000

QUANTITY OF RECYCLED WATER DISCHARGED INTO THE SEA

10.000.000 QUANTITY OF RECYCLED WATER DISCHARGED INTO THE POLEMIDIAS' DAM

QUANTITY OF RECYCLED WATER USED FOR AQUIFER ENRICHMENT 8.000.000 QUANTITY OF RECYCLED WATER USED FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSES m3 6.000.000

4.000.000

2.000.000

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ΜΕΣΟΣ ΟΡΟΣ

24 2004- 2012 ΟΛΙΚΑ ΠΟΣΟΣΤΑ ΔΙΑΘΕΣΗΣ ΑΝΑΚΥΚΛΩΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ

90,00%

80,00% 78,78% 76,89% 72,91% 71,80% 69,02% 71,10% 69,49% 68,52% 67,67% 70,00% 62,10% 60,00%

50,00%

40,00%

30,00% 14,69% 17,19% 18,25% 16,75% 15,78% 15,08% 14,85% 13,66% 12,75% 11,88%

20,00% 18,73% 16,35% 15,83% 12,73% 9,97% 10,06% 9,16% 7,28%

10,00% 6,91% 6,36% 5,04% 4,70% 3,85% 2,61% 0,88% 0,75% 0,00% 0,00% 0,00% 0,00% 0,00% 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 ΜΕΣΟΣ ΟΡΟΣ

25 QUANTITY OF RECYCLED WATER - IRRIGATION

16.000.000 13.793.064

13.174.548 14.000.000 12.649.320 11.168.954 11.719.911 11.429.654

12.000.000 9.876.515 10.305.454 10.027.252

10.000.000

8.000.000 m3

6.000.000

4.000.000

2.000.000

0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

26 2012 PERCENTAGE OF AVAILABLE RECYCLED WATER

16,35%

0,88%

17,19%

62,10%

ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΑΝΑΚΥΚΛΩΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ ΠΟΥ ΔΙΟΧΕΤΕΥθΗΚΕ ΣΤΗ ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ

ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΑΝΑΚΥΚΛΩΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ ΠΟΥ ΔΙΟΧΕΤΕΥθΗΚΕ ΣΤΟ ΦΡΑΓΜΑ ΠΟΛΕΜΙΔΙΩΝ

ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΑΝΑΚΥΚΛΩΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ ΠΟΥ ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΗΘΗΚΕ ΓΙΑ ΕΜΠΛΟΥΤΙΣΜΟ ΥΠΟΓΕΙΩΝ

ΠΟΣΟΣΤΟ ΑΝΑΚΥΚΛΩΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΕΡΟΥ ΠΟΥ ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΗΘΗΚΕ ΓΙΑ ΑΡΔΕΥΣΗ

27 SELLING RATES OF TREATED EFFLUENT

The rate of the treated effluent from the big wastewater treatment has been set by a ministerial decree as per the following table.These rates are charged by the government.

Water Selling Rate

A/A USE Existing Rate of Suggested Tertiary Treated Selling Rate of Effluent Fresh not filtered water from governmental EURO Cent/ m3 EUROwater works Cent/ m3 1 a) For Irrigation divisions for 5 15 agricultural production b)For Persons for agricultural 7 17 production 2 For sports 15 34 3 For irrigation of hotels green areas 15 34 and gardens 4 For irrigation of Golf Courses 21 34 5 For pumping from an underground 8 aquifer recharged by treated effluent

6 For over consumption for items 1 to increase 56 5 by 50% 7 For municipal parks, green areas etc for rural communities where a plant has been built within its limits and the quantity does not exceed the approved quantity of more than 10 %

28 3848000 Water Level (m AMSL) EZOUSAS AQUIFER 76.7 80 CONTOUR WATER LEVELS AGIA MARINOUDA 70 3847000 MEASUREMENTS FEB 2006 P 60 62.7 56.63 P 50 52.43 P 50.98 45 3846000 GEROSKIPOU 50.77 40 KOLONI 48.85 30 Irrig atio 40.32 n ca nal 34.8936.21 P AGIA VARVARA 20 3845000 26.55 10

10.33 14.93 P 5 8.44

7.36 0 P 5.39 6.6 Irr 3844000 5.68 igation ACHELIA cana LEGEND 0.78 l 4.13 1.94 13.55 TIMI Pumping point Water quality sampling point Roads 3843000 2.96 Village boundaries MEDITERRANEAN SEA SCALE Recharge ponds (P)

3842000 0 1000 2000 Treatment Plant 450000 451000 452000 453000 454000 455000 456000 29 Larnaca Area

30 Limassol Area (A)

31 Anthoupolis WWTP Irrigation Network

32 OTHER USES OF TREATED EFFLUENT

Ø TREATED EFFLUENT FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES AND REFUGEE HOUSING ESTATES

THE TREATED EFFLUENT IN THESE AREAS IS MAINLY USED FOR:

• AGRICULTURAL USE

• GREEN AREAS

FOLLOWING THE CORRECT CODE FOR THE AGRICULTURE PRACTICE

Ø TREATED EFFLUENT FOR HOSPITALS AND MILITARY CAMPS

THE TREATED EFFLUENT IN THESE AREAS IS MAINLY USED FOR:

• GREEN AREAS

33 QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS ABOVE 2000P.E. ACCORDING TO THE DISCHARGE PERMITS According to the Laws of the Water Pollution Control of 2002 until 2007,for the big municipal wastewater treatment plants the Minister Of Agriculture is issuing a Wastewater Discharge Permit for the same Wastewater treatment Plant to the following competent authorities:

• Sewerage Boards • Water Development Department

In the Discharge Permit the following are defined:

• quality characteristics. • number and the type of analyses • disposal of the treated effluent

For the Discharge Permit of the Water Development Department the following are included:

•Name of Authority : Water Development Department •Typ e of Process: Disposal of Treated Effluent •Typ e of Disch arg e:Treated effluent from the wastewater treatment plant 34 QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS ABOVE 2000P.E. ACCORDING TO THE DISCHARGE PERMITS

Ø The Water Development Department and the Sewerage Boards are also following the quality of the treated effluent according to the requirements of their Discharge Permits.

Ø The quality characteristics and the frequency of analyses of the treated effluent which are included in the discharge for the wastewater treatment plants are presented in the following tables.

Ø Discharge permits for quality and control for urban wastewater treatment plants frequency of analyses and maximum limits for WWTP for communities with above 2000 P.E.

35 QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS ABOVE 2000P.E. ACCORDING TO THE DISCHARGE PERMITS

REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE NATURAL RESOURCES & ENVIRONMENT WATER DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT WASTEWATER AND REUSE DIVISION DISCHARGE PERMITS EFFLUENT QUALITY AND CONTROL REQUIREMENTS ISSUED BY THE ENVIRONMENT SERVICE FOR WDD LIMASSOL AMATHOUNTA LARNAKA SEWAGE PAPHOS SEWAGE ANTHOUPOLIS-NICOSIA AYIA NAPA - PARALIMNI SEWAGE TREATMENT TREATMENT PLANT TREATMENT PLANT SEWAGE TREATMENT SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT PLANT (A) (A) PLANT (A) Maximum Maximum Frequency Maximum Maximum Permitted Frequency of Maximum Frequency of Frequency of Frequency of PARAMETERS Permitted Permitted of analyses Permitted Value analyses Permitted Value analyses analyses analyses (b) Value Value (b) Value pH 6,5 -- 8,5 4/year 6,5 -- 8,5 4/year 6,5 -- 8,5 4/year 6,5 -- 8,5 4/year 6,5 -- 8,5 4/year COD (mg/l) 70 4/year 70 4/year 70 4/year 70 4/year 70 4/year BOD5 (mg/l) 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year Suspended Solids (mg/l) 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year (4) (1) (2) (3) Total Nitrogen (mg/l) 15 4/year 15 4/year 15 4/year 15 4/year 4/year Nitrates (mg/l) Chlorides (mg/l) 300 4/year 300 4/year 300 4/year 300 4/year 300 4/year Fat and Oil (mg/l) 5 4/year 5 4/year 5 4/year 5 4/year 5 4/year (1) (2) (3) Residual Chlorine (mg/l) 1 4/year 1 4/year 1 4/year 1 4/year 4/year (4) (1) (2) (3) Total Phosphorous (mg/l) 2 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 10 4/year 4/year 5 / 50 / 5 / E. Coli (units/100ml) 50 / 100ml 50 / 100ml (1) 4/year 4/year 100ml 4/year 100ml 4/year 100ml 4/year Eggs of Intestinal Worms nothing /l 4/year nothing /l 4/year nothing /l 4/year nothing /l 4/year nothing /l 4/year Conductivity ( μS/cm) 2200 4/year 2200 4/year 2900 4/year 1700 4/year 2200 4/year Heavy Metals in reused effluent (2) Zinc(mg/l) 1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 1 2/year 1 2/year Copper (mg/l) 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year Lead (mg/l) 0,15 2/year 0,15 2/year 0,15 2/year 0,15 2/year 0,15 2/year Cadmium (mg/l) 0,01 2/year 0,01 2/year 0,01 2/year 0,01 2/year 0,01 2/year Mercury (mg/l) 0,005 2/year 0,005 2/year 0,005 2/year 0,005 2/year 0,005 2/year Chromium (mg/l) 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year 0,1 2/year Nickel (mg/l) 0,2 2/year 0,2 2/year 0,2 2/year 0,2 2/year 0,2 2/year Boron (mg/l) 1 2/year 0,75 2/year 1 2/year 1 2/year 1 2/year 36 QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND CONTROL OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS ABOVE 2000P.E. ACCORDING TO THE DISCHARGE PERMITS

(A) PRELIMINARY DISCHARGED PERMIT *a :75 % of samples Microtox TU50<1 TU 20<1.5 or Daphnia TU < 1 Algae TU < 1 Mutatox S9 not positive

(1) for discharge into Polemidia Dam (sensitive area) Residual Chlorine (mg/l) <2 E. Coli (units/100ml) 5 Total Nitrogen (mg/l) 10 Total Phosphorous (mg/l) 1 (2) for discharge into the sea Residual Chlorine (mg/l) 0,5 Zn (mg/l) 0,1 400 Kg /d (40,000 Total Nitrogen m3/hr TN 10 mg/l) 80 Kg /d (40,000 Total Phosphorous m3/hr TP 2 mg/l)

(3) for discharge into the sea Residual Chlorine (mg/l) 0,5 100 Kg /d (8,500 Total Nitrogen m3/hr TN 11 mg/l) 20 Kg /d (8,500 Total Phosphorous m3/hr TP 2,3 mg/l)

(4) or reduction of TN upto 70-80%

37 QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FOR AGGLOMERATIONS LESS THAN 2000 P.E.

QUALITY SPESIFICATIONS OF THE TREATED EFFLUENT FROM MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS FROM AGGLOMERATIONS LESS THAN 2000 P.E.

SPECIES BOD5 SUSPENDED E. COLI INTESTINAL ALLOWED mg/l SOLIDS mg/l /100ml WORMS*** TO BE IRRIGATED 1 All CROPS 10* 10* 5* NIL AND GREEN AREAS WITH NOT RESTRICTE D USE (A) 15** 2 COOKED 10* 10* 50* NIL VEGETABLE S (B) 15** 15** 100** 3 PRODUCTS 20* 30* 200* NIL FOR HUMAN EATING , GREEN AREAS WITH RESTRICTE D USE BY THE PUBLIC

30** 45** 1000** 4 FODDER 20* 30* 1000* NIL CROPS 30** 45** 5000**

5 INDUSTRIAL 50* -- 3000* -- PLANTS 70** 10000**

* 80% OF THE SAMPLES, 24 SAMPLES / YEAR ** MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE VALUE *** SAMPLING FREQUENCY ONCE A YEAR / SUMMER MONTHS

(a) VEGETABLES WITH LEAVES, BULBS AND CONDYLES EATEN RAW

(b) POTATOES, BEETROOTS 38 AVERAGE VALUES OF TREATED WASTEWATER PARAMETERS FOR 2012

Tert Tert Specs Specs Tert Ολικό Tert Tert Tert Tert Specs Tert Specs Tert Specs Tert Λίπη Αζωτο Tert Tert SS Λίπη και υπολειμ- Aζωτο Ολικό ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ BOD5 COD Tert COD Tert pH Conductivity Conductivity Tert SS και Έλαια Νιτρικά BOD5 mg/l Έλαια ματικό Κjeldahl Άζωτο mg/l mg/l mg/l μS/cm μS/cm mg/l mg/l (N-NO3) mg/l mg/l χλώριο mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l

ANTHOUPOLIS WWTP 4,50 10 21,50 70 7,98 1314 2200 11 10 9,50 5 0,05 0,33 2,97 3,24

VATHIA GWNIA 3,83 10 17,63 70 7,94 1560 2200 7 10 5,00 5 0,01 2,29 2,68 4,96 WWTP (SBN)

SBLA WWTP 5,50 10 25,00 70 8,15 1683 2200 15 10 0,10 5 0,35 3,35 6,45 9,80

PAFOS WWTP 3,00 10 15,50 70 7,65 1169 1700 7 10 0,25 5 0,01 6,80 2,55 9,35

LARNACA WWTPT 3,00 10 39,00 70 7,60 5003 2200 9 10 4,63 5 2,88 0,53 27,45 27,98

PARALIMNI WWTP 3,47 10 17,67 70 7,60 2190 2200 7 10 6,53 5 0,03 2,83 6,67 9,50

AGIAS NAPAS WWTP 3,50 10 20,33 70 7,37 2437 2200 7 10 8,07 5 0,28 3,63 10,57 14,20

39 AVERAGE VALUES OF TREATED WASTEWATER PARAMETERS FOR 2012 (CONTINOUED)

Specs Tert Specs Tert Specs Tert Αυγά Tert Escherichia Tert Tert Specs Tert Specs Ολικός Ολικός Escherichia Εντερικών Tert Βόριο ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ Ολικό coli Χλωριούχα Χλωριούχα Βόριο φωσφόρος φωσφόρος coli Παρασίτων mg/l Άζωτο /100ml mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l /100ml mg/l

ANTHOUPOLIS 15 2,95 10 85 5 0 211 300 0,41 1 WWTP

VATHIA GWNIA 15 0,60 10 0 5 0 261 300 0,37 1 WWTP (SBN)

SBLA WWTP 15 2,00 10 0 50 0 230 300 0,19 0,75

PAFOS WWTP 15 1,75 10 115 50 0 156 300 0,20 1

LARNACA WWTPT 15 2,86 10 0 5 0 1159 300 0,88 1

PARALIMNI WWTP 15 1,07 2 807 50 0 499 300 0,40 1

AGIAS NAPAS 15 0,77 2 2 50 0 541 300 0,42 1 WWTP

40 BOD5 (mg/l) 2012

12,00

10,00

B O 8,00 D 5 5,50 6,00 Tert BOD5 mg/l m 4,50 g 3,83 Specs Tert BOD5 mg/l / 4,00 3,47 3,50 l 3,00 3,00

2,00

0,00 ANTHOUPOLIS VATHIA GWNIA LIMASSOL WWTP PAFOS WWTP LARNACA WWTP PARALIMNI WWTP AGIA NAPA WWTP WWTP WWTP (SBN)

ΟΝΟΜΑ ΣΤΑΘΜΟΥ 41 Conductivity (μS/cm) 2012

6000

Α 5003 Γ 5000 Ω Γ Ι 4000 Μ Ο Τ Η 3000

Τ 2437 Tert Conductivity μS/cm Α 2200 2190 1700 2000 1683 μ 1560 1314 S Specs Tert Conductivity 1169 / μS/cm c 1000 m

0 ANTHOUPOLIS VATHIA GWNIA LIMASSOL WWTP PAFOS WWTP LARNACA WWTP PARALIMNI WWTP AGIA NAPA WWTP WWTP WWTP (SBN)

ΟΝΟΜΑ ΣΤΑΘΜΟΥ

42 SS mg/l 2012

16 15

12 11 S S 10 9

8 7 m 7 7 7 Tert SS mg/l g / 6 l Specs Tert SS mg/l

0 ANTHOUPOLIS VATHIA GWNIA LIMASSOL WWTP PAFOS WWTP LARNACA WWTP PARALIMNI WWTPAGIA NAPA WWTP WWTP WWTP (SBN)

ΟΝΟΜΑ ΣΤΑΘΜΟΥ

43 TP mg/l 2012

12,00

10,00

T 8,00 P

6,00 Tert Ολικός φωσφόρος m mg/l g / Specs Tert Ολικός l 4,00 φωσφόρος mg/l 2,95 2,86 2,00 2,00 1,75 1,07 0,60 0,77

0,00 ANTHOUPOLIS VATHIA GWNIA LIMASSOL WWTP PAFOS WWTP LARNACA WWTP PARALIMNI WWTPAGIA NAPA WWTP WWTP WWTP (SBN)

ΟΝΟΜΑ ΣΤΑΘΜΟΥ

44 N-NO3 , TKN , TN mg/l 2012

30,00 27,98 N 27,45 - N 25,00 O 3 , 20,00

T Tert Αζωτο Νιτρικά (N-NO3) K mg/l N 15,00 14,20 , Tert Aζωτο Κjeldahl mg/l

10,57 T 9,80 9,35 9,50 Tert Ολικό Άζωτο mg/l 10,00 N 6,80 6,67 6,45 Specs Tert Ολικό Άζωτο 4,96 mg/l m 5,00 3,35 3,63 2,97 3,24 2,29 2,83 g 2,68 2,55 / 0,33 0,53 l 0,00 ANTHOUPOLIS VATHIA GWNIA LIMASSOL WWTP PAFOS WWTP LARNACA WWTP PARALIMNI WWTPAGIA NAPA WWTP WWTP WWTP (SBN)

ΟΝΟΜΑ ΣΤΑΘΜΟΥ

45 METHODS OF DISINFECTION OF URBAN WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

TYPE OF DISINFECTION

NAME OF WWTP TYPE METHOD

ONSITE CHLORINE GENERATION AND SODIUM LIMASSOL CHLORINATION HYPOCHLORITE

PARALIMNI CHLORINATION GAS CHLORINE AYIA NAPA CHLORINATION GAS CHLORINE ONSITE CHLORINE GENERATION AND SODIUM LARNACA CHLORINATION HYPOCHLORITE PAPHOS CHLORINATION GAS CHLORINE VATHIA GONIA (WDD) CHLORINATION GAS CHLORINE VATHIA GONIA (SBN) UV DISINFECTION - ANTHOUPOLIS UV DISINFECTION -

46 DATA FOR SOIL IRRIGATED WITH TREATED EFFLUENT

2010 DATA FOR SOIL IRRIGATED WITH TREATED EFFLUENT

LIMASSOL AREA.

Sampling Date: 08/09/2010 Control Parameters Plot No: 39, LAYOUT.: 54/40 W1 Excangeable cations (mg/kg) 2015,5 Total Salinity (mg/kg) 970,2

ANTHOUPOLIS AREA.

Sampling Date: 07/09/2010 Control Parameters Plot No. 384 Excangeable cations (mg/kg) 239,10 Total Salinity (mg/kg) 826,20

Source: Water Development Department 47 GENERAL COMMENTS FOR THE REUSE OF TREATED EFFLUENT

The treated effluent is another constant source of water.

The Government's policy is to introduce the treated effluent in the Cyprus Water Balance.

The Quality is under control and remains constant.

The treated effluent is suitable for the majority of the crops.

Almost all the Wastewater Treatment Plants are equipped with Tertiary Treatment , consisting of Sand Filtration and Chlorination in order to achieve higher quality characteristics in order to use the treated effluent in the Agriculture.

The farmers use less quantities of fertilisers because the treated effluent contains already nutrients such as Phosphorous and Nitrogen. 48 Kyperountas’ WWTP

49 SBLA WWTP

50 ANTHOUPOLIS WWTP

51 VATHIA GONIA CENTRAL WASTEWATER (SEPTIC SEWAGE/INDUSTRIAL WASTE) TREATMENT PLANT -WDD

52 LARNACA WWTP

53 PARALIMNI – AGIA NAPA WWTP

54 UNTREATED WASTEWATER BELOW 2000 PE (2009 – 2012)

WATER DEVELOPMENT DEPARTEMENT DIVISION OF WASTEWATER AND REUSE

SUMMARY OF UNTREATED WASTEWATER ANALYSES VILLAGES BELOW 2000 PE 2009 - 2012

Conducti BOD SS TN TP FOG COD 5 vity (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) ɼS/cm (mg/l) 2009 1043,33 895,67 108,17 17,08 43,00 - - 2010 526,00 326,00 82,08 15,55 58,42 - - 2011 462,50 325,13 59,59 12,21 33,95 - - 2012 476,17 324,67 88,88 10,34 56,50 1604,00 878,00 Number of Samples 4 4 4 4 4 1 1 AVERAGE 627,00 467,86 84,68 13,79 47,97 1604,00 878,00

55 UNTREATED WASTEWATER BELOW 2000 PE (2009 – 2012)

SUMMARY OF UNTREATED WASTEWATER ANALYSES VILLAGES BELOW 2000 PE 2009-2012

1200,00

1000,00

800,00 BOD5 (mg/l) SS (mg/l)

600,00 TN (mg/l) mg/L TP (mg/l)

400,00 FOG (mg/l) COD (mg/l)

200,00

0,00 2009 2010 2011 2012

56 UNTREATED WASTEWATER ABOVE 2000 PE (2009 – 2012)

WATER DEVELOPMENT DEPARTEMENT WASTEWATER AND REUSE DIVISION

UNTREATED WASTEWATER ANALYSES VILLAGES ABOVE 2000 PE 2012

BOD5 SS COD FOG TN TP ̩̤̩̣̕ (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) (mg/l) ̗̩̖̤̩̯̯̮̐̕ 2009 964,60 849,20 78,00 147,56 16,86 2010 506,00 236,08 126,30 64,88 11,32 2011 459,40 327,00 35,40 56,24 9,77 2012 645,00 625,56 1916,67 78,89 88,09 14,37 Number of Samples 4 4 1 4 4 4 AVERAGE 643,75 509,46 1916,67 79,65 89,19 13,08

57 UNTREATED WASTEWATER ABOVE 2000 PE (2009 – 2012)

UNNTREATED WASTEWATER ANALYSES VILLAGES ABOVE 2000 PE 2009-2012

1000,00

900,00

800,00

700,00 BOD5 (mg/l) 600,00 SS (mg/l) mg/L 500,00 TN (mg/l) 400,00 FOG (mg/l) TP (mg/l) 300,00

200,00

100,00

0,00 2009 2010 2011 2012

58 Summary Table of quality characteristics BOD5, SS, COD

BOD5 (mg/l) SS (mg/l) COD (mg/l)

High Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium Strengt Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength Strength h «METCALF & EDDY» 110 190 350 110 200 340 250 430 800 MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER «DEGREMONT» MUNICIPAL 100 - 400 150 - 500 300 - 1000 WASTEWATER

SBLA WWTP 408* 419 798

PARALIMNI & AGIA NAPA WWTP 357 258 -

* Experience in Cyprus from urban sewage treatment plants show that the BOD5 of Urban Wastewater are larger of the literature varying from 400 - 467mg / l. 59 WDD Website

60 Thank you for your attention

For more information: Lia Georgiou Senior Sanitary Engineer Water Development Departement Tel.: 22609185 e-mail : [email protected] Website: www.moa.gov.cy/wdd