Memoirs of the Geological Survey

BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME F ROM THE SAGE E N D O W ME N T F U N D THE GIF T OF

i l e um m . g ag e

N O T I C E.

“ The SESSION of the ROYAL SCHoOL OF MINES and of

SCIENCE applie d to the ARTS comm e nce s e arly in Oct obe r in e ach e ar durin wh c the followin Course s of y , g i h g

Le cture s are de live re d.

C e mi s r w th s e c al f r n h t y, i p i re e e ce t o

i t s a ca ons i n the A s nd A . W . Hofmann LL.D. . . ppli ti rt a , , F .R S Manufacture s l

Gen e a Na u al Hi T H Huxle . . . r l t r story . . y, F R S

P s cs o n T n da Ph . D . hy i J h y ll, , F.R . S . M A e d e c an cs Ro e W s M.A ppli h i b rt illi , F. R . S .

Me au ohn Pe c M D t ll rgy J r y, ., F.R . S .

Ge o o A C . Ra . m sa . . . l gy y, F R S

Wa n on W . m M S A . ri gt yth, . , Mining and Mine ralogy F.R . S .

The Chemical Laborat or unde r the di y, re ction of

Dr. Hofm ann and the Met allur ical Laborat or un , g y, de r

the dire ction of Dr. Pe rc are o e n for the y, p inst ruction of

Stude nt s .

A Prospe ctus and Informat ion may be obtaine d on applicat ion t o

T RENHAM REEK Re i str r S, g a t

' J erm n S tre et L on don S . PV. y , , M E M O I R S

OF THE

GE OLOGICAL SURVEY

G RE AT B R IT A IN,

AND OF TII]

MUSEUM OF RA AL P CTIC GEOLOGY.

THE GEOLOGY OF THE COUNTRY ROU ND

BANBURY WOODSTOCK BICE , , STER, AND BUCKINGHAM .

( S HEE T 45 OF THE MAP O F TH E GE OLOGICAL SURV E Y OF GR E B R AT ITAIN. )

EEN M A A. H. GR , . ., g; N E OW OF GO E A D CAl US CO EGE MBR GE . F LL NV ILL LL , CA ID

L T F F L BY . ET E D E F . G. S . IS S O OSSI S R H RI G ,

M A A \ -V I M N ‘N V N V \A M M "”

’ PUB LISHED B Y ORDER OF THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS B E R MAJE STY S TREAS URY.

w v ~ v v v v vv v W M W W W \ W W “ n w v w vw w w . ~

L O N D O N

’ I E PRINTED F OR. HER MAJE STY S S TATIONERY OFF C P UB LIS HE D B Y

LON MAN EEN L NOMAN ROBERTS AND GREEN . G , GR , O , ,

' ' Pr i ce Two S l ulhngs .

CONT N S E T .

E R CHAPT I.

- — — — I nt roduction . Ta e of F o ma ions . P si cal fe a bl r t hy ture s . Ge n eI al e o — g o ca s uc u e . D i n l gi l tr t r ra age .

— E R Ii . L CHAPT i As .

Lowe r - Min l — — Li as . e a c a ac Ma e an d n e . Ban u a b ble . F r h r t r r g ry r ossils . — — S ec ti on s at As cott F os sils Mar ls t e or i e —M — on M ddl Li as . ine al c a ac e and an S e c ion n r h r t r r ge . t s a d — fos sils oun d Banbu . Di o o n W r ry tt r u d oodstock . — U er Li as Mine a1 c a ac e an d an e — Lowe st e ds — pp r h r t r r g b Upper p art.

E R III — LOW E R OO S CHAPT . LIT E .

In erior O li — Min e al a and — — o te . e n S e c i on s T i nnin of f r ch ract r Ia ge . t h g

Lias an d Infe io Ooli e t o t he S .E . and o f G e a Ooli e F o e s r r t , r t t , r t M le an d n — a b Co as t o the N . E . Foss ils r , r br h . G ea t L we r an —R n r t or B a h Ooli te . o B d epre s e te d in t he n orth by The No t am on San ds i m i ne al c a a an d an e — De e m in a r h pt ; the r r h r ct er r g . t r ion — s s l D d n — t of their true age F o i s at e di n gto . S outhern re pres enta “ — ive The St one sﬁeld Sla e . It s m ine al c a ac e and an e Lis t t r h r t r r g . t — i of papers . Foss ls . n —Min a Gre at or B ath Ooli te . U er B a d. e l c a ac e an d n pp r h r t r ra ge . S e c ions In lowe b e ds in m iddle an d u e b e ds oun d W ds c t r , pp r r oo to k — — and alon we s e n e s ca m e n . Faul s ne a B ac l S e c i ons g t r rp t t r r k ey . t b e we e n B ac le an d Buc in am alon valle of t he Ous e an d f t r k y k gh , g y o — — h bo o . Fau1 s In Le c am ead Valle S ec ions t e Thorn rough bro k t kh pst y . t — — n a Wi e n T ic n e ss . F ossils . e r ck . h k — Min e al c aac e an d an e —Se c i ons i n W oods F orest Marble . r h r t r r g t tock di s ict —Las ace s of t he fo m a ion at Tin e wic T o n on an d tr t tr r t g k, h r t , — dm a n — i ell Ou lie at Ta o . Foss l s . Lillingst on Lov . t r rt — - n — Main m as Min e al c a ac e an d a e . a s S e c i n h o s . Cornbm s . r h r t r r g ( ) t

' — S e c ion at Th ornb OI ou h — Lowe n s bou da . Cornb rash clay . t g r ry Mo o n an d L am s e ad —c Inlie s (6) Outliers at Maids rt eckh p t . ( ) r b etween — i Fossils . Islip and Marsh G bb on .

— ' ‘ ~ M E O I E R IV OL I E S . CHAPT . IDD L — . M n a c a ac e an d an e S e c i n s n Clanch or Oxford Clay i er l h r t r r g . t o i — c n e a Buc i n am an d n e a Go ddin t on . Fossil W oodstock distri t, r k gh , r g s — — — Ou li e at A ele . T ic n e s s at Oxfo d . Lowe b oun from last . t r k y h k r r — daryr Fossils . ' i t e —Min e a1 c a ac e s of Lowe Calca eous Gi it an d Co al Coralline Ool . r h r t r r r r — — — He ad n W t am Hill . Roun d in o and S an on St . Rag Range . y h gt t t — la e e sen in Co a line Oo i e b e we en Stude le an d John. C y r pr t g r l l t t y

- i F ossi ls . Quainton H ll . i v C ONTE NT S .

— ’ ‘ R U E R OO L II E S . CHAPTE V . PP

' ’ Kime — Min e a1 c a ac e an e an d fos sils rzd} e Clal r h r t r, r g , z ‘ — —a Mai n m ass Ou PortlandB edsi Mi neral character an d range . ( ) ‘ e a s e anti l Hill B ill C il on an d Lon C e n don, C iers at Muswe ll , r , h t g r h r l y i ll an d N e nd n Ove Winc en don As en don Lod e H , e the r Wi nch o , r h , h , g — uain n F os sil s . Q to . — — d a Cuddm t on Hadden am P rbe k B eds Mi ne a1 c a ac e . F oun t , a c . r h r t r g , h an d Quainton .

— E R I RE C E O U S BE D S . CHAPT V . C TA

— Min a ac e —Ou lie s at F o e s Hill Muswe ll Lower Gr een and e 1 c a . s . r h r t r t r r t , Hill B ill uai n on an d C ea sle , r , Q t , h r y . l — Mi ne al a a — an e — Un con fo m able t o Lowe G ee n Gau t . R r ch r cte r . g . r r r

s an d .

— ' H E R V II PO S - P O C E E O R DR . C APT . T LI N IFT

Mi n al c a a ra l W o k ' i e G e s at Banb u an d in the oodst c distr ct . er h r ct r . v ry — G avel Pit at Tin e wic — Con o i on s in s a iﬁe d avels at Fox r g k . t rt tr t gr — co an d Buc in am . Bould C am s e a F tt k gh er lay at Le ckh p t d arm . V alle G avel —G e . we e s y r r y th r .

E X O F P S IND LAC E .

LIST OF WOODCUTS.

S e c ion in a ua S . of The n f t Q rry ord . Lias . S e c i on n e a S oulde n . Gr eat Ooli te t r r . S e c i on s ewin faul at B ac le S a i t h g t r k y t t on . Se ction b e twe e n T o n b o ou an d Le c am s e ad Gr eat o h r r gh kh p t . O li te . Qua wi faul s Sou End. Gre at Oolit rry th t , th e . S e c i n o of Co nb as . T o nb o ou t r r h h r r gh . Faul n e a Be an t t r on . Railwa C u ti n Radcliif. Cornbras y t g, h . J un c ion of Co nb as an d G ea Ooli e . B uc in a t r r h r t t k gh m . Dia am se c ion ou g C arl on . F orest Marble an r t thr gh h t d Cornbras h. S ec i on on Blac o n Hill . F ores t Marble an d t kth r Cornbrash. Ou li e of Oxfo d Cla at A t r r y keley. Dia am se c i on of s mall faul s i n t he Po l n gr t t rt a d Ston e . Brill . G avel Pit at Tin e wi r g ck . Con o e d G ave ls at F ox t rt r cott . Di o at Tile Hous e F a m B uc in tt r , k gham . G a el Pit ne a Buc in am r v r k gh . T H E . G E O L O G Y

THE COUNTRY ROUND BANBURY O D , W O STOCK, BICESTER AND , BUCKINGHAM.

( SH E E T 45 OF TH E MAP OF T HE GE OL O GICAL S URV EY OF

E GR AT B RITAIN . )

H P T C A E R I.

INTR ODU CT ORY.

TH E de scription of t he Ge ology of t he coun try lyi ng w ithin She e t 45 of t he Ma of t he Ge o o c a S u e of G e a B a n w c i s t he p l gi l rv y r t rit i , hi h o e c of the e se n Me m oi h as e e n d aw n u f om t he fo o w n bj t pr t r, b r p r ll i g

h W . t h e m a d s our ce s . F or t e S quarte r I have use d p an d e scripti ve

H h . W . n E ua r n d t r E u . T e N a d . e s a h e n o m e m oir of M . . ll S q rt rth M w e s e n a f Of th e N . E . uar e w e e su ve e d e ss s . E . H u t r h l q t r r r y by r ll,

W . W i a e an d T . R. Polwh l nd I H . B aue rm an e e a e e ave h ad , h t k r, , h r h t h e e of e u dan ce an d t o w ch I ave e e n a e t o add , h lp th ir g i hi h b bl a on s of m ow n Mu e va u i n fo m i a fe w obse rv ti y . ch v ry l able r at on about od of xfo d w as n d ac d i n m an d t h e ne ighbourho O r ki ly pl e y h s by Prof. " i F or th e m a n an d de sc t ion of t h e e m ai n de an d for Phill ps . ppi g rip r r.

a an m e n of t h e Me m o I am m se f an swe a e . t h e ge ne ral rr ge t ir, y l r bl

n draw n u b Mr . E e r d e f om a The fossils lists have be e p y th i g , r pape r i t e ave s e ad e fo e t he B s A ssoci a on i n 1 860 f om by Mr . Wh , r b r riti h ti r ’ Profe ssor Phillips article on t h e Ge ology of t he Ne ighbourhood of ” ’ xfo d in t he Oxfo d E ssa s for 1 855 f om Dr . F on s a e on O r , r y r itt p p r

t he a T ans . Ge o . S oc . 2md se i e s vol . i v and th e Strata below Ch lk ( r l r , .) from colle cti ons m ade by th e ofﬁce rs of t he S urve y .

u 600 s ua e m e s an d a e s in a s of t he The m ap contain s abo t q r il , t k p rt f ouce s e s e N o am on s i e Oxfo ds e an d B uc countie s o Gl t r hir , rth pt h r , r hir , k ’ n No on and . hi r The c e f ow n s ar e B an u C i ngh am s e . hi t b ry, hippi g rt , ua e B uc n am an d B ac e In t he De ddington i n th e N . W . q rt r ; ki gh r kl y

n d B c s e i n t he S E. Woods oc and W ne i n th e S W . a e N . E . t k it y i t r

land Pu be c an C e ace ous beds is almos wholl f om The account of the Port , r k, d r t t y r n Whita e the pe of Mr. k r, ANB URY E TC . 2 GEOLOGY or B ,

t w are Th e Ge ological F ormati ons that are m e ith ; — Pos t Low le vel Gravels . n a s and G a e s of t h e B ou de e od Plioce e . Cl y r v l l r p ri

Ga . Upper . ult Cre tac e ous . Lowe G e e nsand. Lowe r. r r s Purbe ck B e d . ne Portlan d S to .

Portlan d S and . a Kime ridge Cl y.

Coral Rag . Lowe r Calcare ous Grit.

Oxford Clay .

Cornbrash .

F ore st Marble . Gre at or B ath Oolite .

Infe rior Oolite .

Uppe r Lias Clay .

Marlstone . Lowe r Lias Clay .

PHYSICAL GE OGRAPHY on TH E DISTRICT .

The phys ic al fe ature s are such as e ve rywhe re m ark t he Oolitic

distric ts of ce n tral E nglan d. The clays an d lime ston e s of whi ch t he Oolite se ri e s i s m ade up are brought i n turn t o th e surface by a ge n tle ri se of t he be ds t o t he

- s f e s a a i e din m o e e as t o de nuda on north we st . The o t r tr t , y l g r ily ti , form v alley s or ge ntly un dulati ng plai ns while t he harde r lim e s ton e s

ds i s i n s i t t o t h e n - w s a ave i e n se t o a e an o e nd . h g v ri t bl l , r g l gh ly rth t, endin g with a sharp cliff- like e dge at the ir j unction with th e clays b elow . s fe a u e s can b e fu se e n owe e on w e e t he coun The e t r lly , h v r, ly h r try e a e a a t of th a n a f f h m i s fre e from Drift. Ov r gr t p r e e ste r h l o t e ap a o e n of c a and ave ide s e m f om s s e ad n thick c v ri g l y gr l h th r ight, pr i g * m n s f ou n e ove th e w o f h e oun wi th a sa e e s o tli r h le o t c try .

A s m a a c at t he n o - e as co n e of the m a a e am ll p t h rth t r r p, r th r t e i n

oo i s occu e d t he Lowe L as C a . l k , pi by r i l y B e twe e n t h e e scarpm en t of th e m arlstone whi ch bounds thi s tract on th e e ast an d th e e scarpm e n t of t he Gre at Oolite lie s a plate au of m arl on e c ann e e d t h e a e s o f the e we an d i t n s t , h ll by v ll y Ch r ll s bra che s which t down t o t he Lowe L as an d s udde d o e cu r i , t v r with hills of Uppe r Lias

C a of e n ca e d G e a Oo i e e ds . Man ou n a c l y, t pp by r t l t b y tlyi g p t he s of

t h wo as - nam e d fo m a on s w c a e t l t r ti , hi h h ve be e n le t down i n to th e m a s on e fau s and s o save d f om d nuda n a rl t by lt , r e tio , re fo un d ove r th e

plate au . F rom th e plate au j us t de s cribe d th e Gre at Oolite rise s on th e e ast w a o d e sca m e n unn n f om C n No on ith b l rp t , r i g r hippi g rt through D n an d A n o t o F a n o h f u ste w y h rthi gh e . T e rock orm s a tabulate d

- su face n e se c e d n a ow c anne e . a e s and r , i t r t by rr h l lik v ll y , s lopin g

H e t oo f om th e absence of h e se uidin fe a u es i t b e com es diﬁi cult at im er , r t g g t r , , t es Im ossi ble t o ﬁx exactl the b ounda ie s o f t he se ve al fo m a i ons The ' h v p , y r r r t . y a e b ee n d awn as close l as the state of hi n s would allow and I shall e nde avou to r y t g , r explai n b w the ounds n w i c he es and how far he ma b lied u on elo gr o h h t y r t t y y e re p . P L E AP HYSICA G OGR HY. it

gradually t o the south at an angle Of about ne arly corre spondi ng “ w th di f t h W e a e e e i n fa a ith e p o e be ds . h v h r ct re pe tition of t he Ma s one a e au an d on e e do e d o e i n Wh chw ood F o e s rl t pl t , lik it tt v r y r t wi out e s fo m e d i n s cas e of F o e s Ma e and ca e d th li r , r thi r t rbl pp by

f d Towar ds th n - i i Cornbrash an d Ox or Clay . e orth e ast a th c k cove r ng of D f u on the G e a o e and ri t lie s p r t O lit , give s t o the c oun try a m ore undulating surface . The Co n as w e e oad s e ads of f e e f om D f occu r br h, h r br pr it r r ri t r, fo m s ain s so flat as a m os t o n t o m nd th fe n f L n r pl l t bri g i e s o incol shire . h n i a i n i n T e cou try roun d B ice ste r s a c se p o t . The Oxfo d a t h e fo m a on n e x a ove e ne a comm n ce s r Cl y, r ti t b , g r lly e i n t he fo m of a low d e of we t oun d is n a ov th e flat r ri g gr , r i g b e f s surface of t he Corn brash . O the e ri dge s e xam ple s occur at Le afie ld Ram sd n He a Wi ne Roun d a n e a B ad n , e th, t y, C stle r l o , ” Tac e He a K n on B e c i n don ' and e we e n S a on kl y th , irkli gt , l t h g , 1 b t tr tt

Audle y an d F ri ngford . Th e gre ate r part of th e re m ainde r of th e m ap i s occupie d by thi s fo ma on and th e K m e d e C a an d t he coun i s fe e un du a n r ti i ri g l y, try bly l ti g an d e av in oo . It i s o e n a r ow of n e s of o n as h y l k br k by i li r C r br h, brought up alon g an an ti clin al lin e ran ging from Islip t o Marsh

n c owe ve fo m n o e m a e d o e c s i n t he an dsca e . Gibbo , whi h h r r v ry rk bj t l p

t h u - e as of e se s se ve a ou i e s of Po and o e To e so th t th hill r l tl r rtl O lit . L we G e e ns an d s e c a ose of ua n on B i and cappe d by o r r , p i lly th Q i t , r ll, ll s and the Co a i ne Oo e e ad an d of W t am H stan d Musw e Hill , r ll lit h l y h ill, th d e a s e n e f th a out i n ple as in g contras t t o e r ry am ss o e cl y c ountry . The outcrop of t he Coral Rag for t h e m ost part m ake s but little ou owe e fo m s a ab u at e d a e a on w c are show t o the s th, h v r, it r t l r hi h

a e s of He adi n on Elsﬁe ld B e c e an d S an on S t . b uilt th e vill g gt , , kl y, t t ” o n J h . Th folow n are t he a ox m a e h e i s i n fe e of som e of the e, l i g ppr i t ght t — W f th e se a am H R . I t chie f p oi nts above th e le ve l o yth ill , 5 83 sis a x 1 0 J un c i on of th e E ve n ode an d Isi s 237 W oods oc O ford, 9 ; t l , ; t k l a f a m e n o of C n N o on 728 E w e Ch urch,323 hil h l il rth hippi g rt , p ll H 6 B anb u Cana 31 5 oun d of Whittle w ood F o e s ill, 83 ry l , high gr r t, B uc n am 250 uai n t on Hi 5 4 Muswe ll H 360 ; C an al at ki gh , Q ll , 7 ill,

744.

f th e c oun i s ca i e d off b e e e s th e Se e n The drai n age o try rr y thr riv r , v r ,

am e s an d th e Ouse . the Th ,

at the no - w e s t c o ne of th e m a co nc d n e A sm all triangle rth r r p, i i i g v ry u e d the Lowe L as is d ai ne d th e ne arly w ith t h e are a occ pi by r i , r by h n w c n ds i t s w a ou t e A o i n o t h e S e ve n . rive r S tour, hi h ﬁ y, thr gh v , t r Thi s tract i s b oun de d by aline whi ch e nte rs t he m ap by th e high h nlow an d E we Hi s th e a e 836 fe e ab ove t he s e a groun d of S e p ll ll ( l tt r t , ‘ i n i n th e d s c un s w e s of E we t o Tad be i ng t h e high e s t po t i tri t) , r t p ll an d e n u ni n t o the sou - we s fo o ws th e d e of m arton Camp , th t r g th t ll ri g

Rolle ri ch Hill . It will be se e n that thi s line of wate rs he d r uns ve ry ne arly along the a m e n Marlstone e sc rp t , t i a To t h e e as t of th e li ne j us t m arke d ou l e s p art of the valle y of a n e d fou u a e s of a e th e W nd ush the Tham e s, dr i by r trib t ri th t riv r, i r ,

the C e we an d t he T am e . th e Eve nlode , h r ll, h

untr ound Woods oc Mems . of Ge ol . Su ve . 1 5 . Ge ology ofthe Co y r t k ( r y) , p ‘ f the Coun ound Woods oc 26. 1 Geology o try r t k, ‘ p:

f Oxon and Be s Mem oi s of Ge ol. Su ve . 7. I Geology of Parts o rk ( r r y) , p “ E B ANB U R E T 4 GEOLOGY O Y, C.

a and W n e an d fa s n o th e Is s The Windrush runs by Asth ll it y, ll i t i

- a at Ne wbridge it drains the south we st corne r of t he m p . The part of the Eve nlode within thi s she e t h as a south - e as te rly ' n n s t he Is s a fe w m e s a o e Oxfo d. Th e E e n ode course , a d e te r i il b v r v l a f o e on an d i s e ma a e a i ts has it s source s i n t he V le o M r t , it r rk bl th t th e a i e fo me d th e G e a Oo e w e valley h as c ut through b rr r r by r t lit , hil d i wa app are n tly a little m ore de nudation w ould have drain e t s ters of th A on w c ows ou a mo e no t e l into th e vale e v , hi h ﬂ thr gh r r h r y p art of the s ame Liassic The Che rwell run s with a s outhe rly course by B an bury into th e Is is t a Oxford.

L as t he o s i n t he sou - e as a f t he s e e fa n o the tly, bro k th t p rt o h t ll i t

T am e w i c oi n s th e T am e s at Do c e s e i n Oxfo ds e . h , h h j h r h t r r hir The valle y of th e Gre at Ouse i s divide d from that of th e T hame s by ' a w ate rshe d whi ch e nte rs t he m ap ne ar The nford Cam p an d run s b F arthi n h o Cott e sford He a h an d F i we ne a t o S ome on y g , , t , r t ll rly rt , an d the n turns e ast by south th rough Ardle y an d F ri ngford to u n Hi om m e on n o a ds t h w a e s e d i fo m Q ai ton ll . F r So rt rthw r e t r h s r e d t h e e sca me n of th e G e a Oo i e but for th e e s of i ts cou s e by rp t r t l t , r t r it n s i n ow he re follows a y marke d phy cal fe ature . The Ouse ri se s n e ar B rackle y an d run s with an e aste rly course t o u n a he a n um e f s f s n B cki gh m . T l rge r b r o it e e der i this country fall di e c n o a s u o d na e w ate s e d owe v e a r tly i t it b r i t r h , h e r, r ching from Mars ton Hill F arm t o the high ground of Whi t tle wood F o re s t turns t h e b oo s t o th e n o of i t n o t he To e w c o n h e r k rth i t v , hi h j i s t Ouse n e ar on St y Stratford.

Wi th e e xce on of a fe w m anufact o e s i n som e of the o n th . pti ri t w s, t he un a The a n co try is wh olly gri cultural . cl y la ds are m os tly laid out for a n e soi i s w e t an d co d but i s m uc m o gr zi g ; th ir l l , h i pr ve d by de e p d ai n i n d co n an d i fo un v r g . Goo r l s d o e r m uch of t he lime s tone coun . The fo ow n a e P ofe s so B uck m an try ll i g t bl , by r r ﬁ give s t h e c e m i cal c om os on e d an d e n of t h e di ff e n h p iti , yi l , r t e r t oolitic brashe s i n t h e coun oun d C e nce s e an d w b e som e u de on try, r ir t r, ill g i the se o n s f r th n n p i t o e pre se t cou try .

Cornb ras h .

Carb onate ofIn c Mag nesia S ulphate of lim e Alumina Phosphoric aci d S olub le sili ca Insoluble silice ous m atter Alk aline sal s unde e mined t , t r Re n er ac e 73. to 208 . 1 4s . t p r to 25s . 208 to 40 8 . Yi eld per acre i n bush e ls Wh ea 1 5 t o t 20 20 to 25 25 to 30 B a le 25 t o 3 r y 0 30 t o 35 40 to 45 Oa s 25 t 3 t o 0 35 to 40 45 t o 5 0

The D f and i s ou e d or ri t l pl gh graze d according as grave l or clay pre vail in it.

Ge olo of the Coun oun d Woo gy y ds oc Mems. of Ge ol. Su ( ve . tr r t k r y) , p . l . uar e l l f l f Jou na o Geo . S oc. vol. xiv 2 Q t r y r . p. 1 0. LIAS. 5

CHAPTE R II.

LIAs .

— ' L ower Li d a The upper p art only of this di vi sion i s se e n i n the d s c con s s of da ue c a s an i tri t it ist rk bl l y d shale s . As before m e n t i on e d t h e Lowe r Lias cove rs a sm al l trac t at th e north - w e st c orne r of t he m a and occu s a on a s of t h e a p, r l g p rt v lle ys of the Eve n lode an d t h e C e we and e u a oo h r ll th ir trib t ry br ks . S e ctions are se ldom t o b e m e t w t h e fo owi n a d o e n i n a c at B n u n e ith ; ll g, l i p bri k pit a b ry, ar the ’

Rai wa S a on 1 8 o no ce . l y t ti , w rth ti

1 Fin el am ina e d e c a . y l t blu l y

2 . Ha d coa se s e l m e s one c owde d w f ssi s r , r , h l y li t , r ith o l

3. S on ue s a e wi m an fossi s e l s tr g bl h l , th y l h l .

NO. 2 w c i s nown as B an u Ma e a e a f , hi h k b ry rbl , t k s air polish an d i s worke d into m ante lpie ces and orn am e nts it yielde d the followin g fossils

F ossrL s f om the U PE R P R of t he LO E R LIA n th r P A T W s, e ar e

Ra wa S a on B anb u1 . il y t ti , y L M E LLIB RA N CH IAT A Hi o odium onderosum S o A pp p p , w. Cardm i a h brt da h y , Stuc . Pecten m blwms, Phll ' a C. cune ta, St uch . '

Leda com lanata Phil . P e uivalms S ow p , l q , Gressl a uni onides Goldf. ac l o hu Sow y , m c , Pholadom a ambi ua S ow gfigfiztfi gé y g , .

Ae i ctzla noe emcostce B own . , r CE PHA L OPODA’ ima unctata S ow . L p , ' Ammom te n e i Pinna s He l y , Sow. During the e xcavations for th e Oxford an d Wor ce ste r Railway e a s n d n th e Li as t he n c of w se v r l e ctions we re ope e i , pri ipal hich are at S on S a on e on d th e o de of t h e s e e and at As co hipt t ti b y b r r h t, tt w i n i t s d e At t he at e ace t h e s e e on of an Icth os thi e g . l t r pl k l t y aurus w as foun d un de r Ooliti c grave l c on tai n ing t he bone s an d tusks of a foss e e an . T e se cu i n s are n ow conce a e d b ass n il l ph t h tt g l y gr , a d e xce i n a. i c i t on t he n o s de of th e a e o os e As pt br k p rth i v ll y pp it cott, r n T se n ce of the L as at th the re a e no se ctio s . he pre i e base of th e Ma ne i w e e as i as ce ai ne d t he c a e n a u rls to s, ho e v r, ly rt by l y y t re of the oun d t he ou u s of s n s and n d ca on s t h e oadsid gr , tb r t pri g , i i ti by r e n e the su e o t o ace his ounda n e s b sufﬁci e t to e nabl rv y r tr b ry li , ut n ot e n ough t o afford a kn owle dge of t he s tr ata or the ir organ i c con te n ts In h e se n at As co we ave an exam e of the e s b t ctio tt h pl high t e ds . T ons f u s a e s we a e i n e and ow n w sm he y c ist o bl ish h l , th r g gr y br , ith all ' - n n n odule s of e arthy lime stone an d i ron co cre tio s . F o ssi Ls from the U PPE R PA RT of the LOWER LIAs at B ANB U RY ta on Railway S ti .

MOLLUS CA. i LAM E LLIB RANC HIAT A. Mod ola cuneata, S ow. H‘PPOPOd'“ m p onder osum S OW a Ma c llochii S ow. Gryp hae c a , ardi ni a h brida St C y , uch . ' h C. cune ata S tuc . 3M £23} , Leda com lanata P . e o is hn p , hil Gress l a uni onides Goldf y , . gguffiiffisfi Uni cardium. w z ‘ i

Photadom a ambi ua sow . ﬁéi éiiftiysﬁ y g . CEPH ALOPO Pinna. DA .

Ostrea. Amm ni te Henle i S o s y , ow.

“ ‘ olo h un ound Woods oc Mem oi s of Geol . surve 9 Ge gy of t e Co try r t k ( r y) , p , . ANB U E TC. 6 GE OLOGY OF B R Y,

LIAs F o ssrns from the UPPE R PART of the LOWE R

of WARKW OR TH .

MOLLUSCA.

A Hi o odium onderosum S ow. LAM E L L IB RANCH IAT . pp p p ,

Ceromya. ct en w uivalvis Sow . Pe q , Ar e a tr uncata, no emcostw B own . Avi cula v , r om b ua S ow. Pﬁolad ya am ig , o . Modi ola cuneat a, S w

DA . m bz era Goldf. GA S T E ROPO Goni o ya rhom f ,

Goniom a. i y Pleurotomari a rotell ormis .

— a f h L as i n w i c s an d Mar ls ton e or Ill iddle L i d a Thi s p rt o t e i , h h h s m a be su div de d n o t wo a t s . T e rath e r than clay pre vail , y b i i t p r o c d i s a c a ca e ous s an ds one of e n c a e d uppe r, or R k B e , l r t , t highly h rg n u or e e n n e n a b ut w e a e n da ow n af e with Iro , bl e gr i t r lly, th ri g rk br t r nse ue n ce of th e c an e of the o ox de of e xposure t o t he ai r, i n co q h g pr t i ' Th owe and a e a iron whi ch i t c ontains into pe roxide . e l r l rg r p rt i n ace s f s an d c a s and san ds on e s . F oss s are me t w con si st s o s , l y , t il ith pl n um b e s c e i n t h e R oc B e d w c i s at m e s a m os i n gre at r , hi ﬂy k , hi h ti l t d i s al so m ade up of Rhynclzone llce and Te r e br atulaz fossil w oo com m on . oad a e au w ou e s of U e L as The Marlstone forms a br pl t , ith tli r pp r i n di n on i t t o th e w e s an d sou Of B an bu and a e r ace of sta g , t th ry, t r it run s alon g the e as t si de of the valle y of th e Che rw e ll dow n t o Ron

It a so c o s out i n n a ow e s on e ac . s de of t h e val e of sham . l r p rr b lt h i l y n d and n e s of e e u i n the o ows a ou He t o the Eve lo e , i li r it p p p h ll b t y hr p n and En s to e . Ove r th e plate au on th e north - w e st of t h e dis trict th e Rock B e d i s

' rk for u d n an d oad m a n b ut has as e t n ow e e large ly w o e d b il i g r ki g, it y h r * ua be e n foun d rich e nough t o b e w orth ge tti ng as an Iron Ore . Q rrie s im t m e O e ne d an d ﬁ e d u a a n w e n t h e oca are from t e o ti p , ll p g i h l l de m an d for t he s tone h as ce ase d ; i t w ould th e re for e b e us e le ss t o n an i n a cu a b ut t h e o se e w n ot ﬁn d i t a d to m e n ti o y p rti l r, b rv r ill h r Th n d s light upon ple nty of good se c tion s . e san ds and sa ton e s below t h e Rock B e d m ay be w e ll se e n i n a cutting on th e road from B anb ury

e on ne us b e fo e e ac i n t h e i a e . At the ase t o Middl t Che y , j t r r h g v ll g b of

s on e a ou s e s a b e d of e a d ﬁne - ai n e d da t h e Marl t e he r b t li v ry h r , gr , rk

im s n e n out a um n ous sm e w e n s uc . It m a blue l e to , givi g bit i ll h tr k k e s oad m e a an d h as e e n a e wo e d a ou ve rth or g ood r t l, b l rg ly rk b t O pe . ’ n i n a c i t - It m a a so b e se e , no we s of K n s Su on y l bri k p rth t i g A tt , whe re Twyford Lane crosse s th e c an al ; the se ction he re show s

Ma l s one cla . r t y Ma l on r st e . om bl e ock a ou 2 fe e . Bott u r , b t t

w e Lias cla wi la e n odule s of cla ons one . Lo r y, th rg y ir t The j un cti on of thi s form ati on wi th t h e Gre at Oolite i s shown in a

W . o f H ne a Hotlc H F a m N . oo No on . The se c quarry r y ill r , k rt tion ’ f om r Baue rman s No e B oo . be low i s r M . t k

Bluis c s all i ne oo e a e san d . h ry t lit , r th r y e li as la U pp r c y.

Mar s on e oc bed 14 in c e s } l t r k , h . d mi ca a S an y ce ous cl ys .

ll u r Howell who h My co eag e M . , as b e en in th e coun since th e ab ove was try ' ’ w i e n te lls me ha n the nei bou h ood of Swalcliﬁe hi s i f un t o r tt , t t i gh r t bed s o d b e a good i onstone of from six to nine fe e i n thic ne ss and a it m a os si l r t k , th t y p b y b e found wo h wo ki n wh en the count to th e wes of B anbu is mo e o en d rt r g, ry t ry r p e up by L IAS. 7

F ossrns from the M DDLE LIAS of th e BANB URY DISTRI T an I C , d which occur i n almost e very S e c tion an d Quarry whe re the se B e ds ar O ne d e pe . M OLLUSCA.

B nac m o p on a. LAME LLIB RA N C H IATA .

Rh nckOnella t et rahedr S Avi cula no einco tce Brown . y a, ow. v s , R ri mos a Buc ect en e uival is Sow . , h . P q v , . Tereb atula r esu inata S ow r p , . C E PH AL OPOD A ° T. sub wzctata S ow p , . ’ T. unctata S ow B elemni tes Bru uieri p , . g , D orb .

T. E dwardsii Da v. B . e lon atus Mi . , g , ll In t he road se ctions at Chadlington an d De an Marls tone w ith o he assoc ate d L ss ds m f e ue n t r i i a ic be ay r q tly be se e n . At W e s t En d a be d of ue c a occu s mm e di a e unde t h e R c B n d bl l y r i t ly r o k e d, a at D an Am m oni te s foun d i n t h e e m a be oad cu n s A . annulatus y r tti g , e n e n f n h adin b i g v ry ple ti ul . I t e lane le g from F awle r t o Tapples ood on t he we s s de of th e ai wa the fo ow n e c on i s x o W , t i r l y, ll i g s ti e p se d t o vie w

1 . G e a Ooli e . W i e l ooli e n ot wel se n r t t h t shel y t ( l e ) .

2 Infe io O e Coa se ubbl ooli e . . r r olit . r r y t " 3 U al d l s . er L as . G e s e s an c a . pp i r y h y

Marls on c d on re . 4 . I O t e Ro k Be . r

5 Ma lst on e Sands . Fine san d wi b e ds of conc e ion . r , th r t ary i on ore in the o mos e d 15 r t p t b . The Marlston e Rock B e d m ay also b e s e en i n the railway be twe e n

F aw e an d a u an d i s ne a 1 0 fe e c . At E ns n l r Ch rlb ry, rly t thi k to e t he va e Of th e Gl m e h as e e n e xc ava e d n o Ma s one an d i n ll y y b t i t rl t , t he oads w c c oss t e e are se e a se c ons e s e c a at W f r hi h r it h r v r l ti , p i lly ood ord . In th e oad on the an of t h e C e we o os e Low e He fo r right b k h r ll, pp it r y rd, e e are se d s i on s an d e Rh nck n a th r ve ral g oo e ct , he r y o e ll te tr ahedr a

‘ u n u n all s ace s th e a ac e of t h - occ rs ple tif lly . I t he e pl ch r t r e s ub form a t on i s s i m ilar t he Roc B e d e i n e sse n a an on ore an d e s n i , . k b g ti lly ir , r ti g

on be ds of s an d with bands of sili ce ous lime stone . The thickne ss of

- t h e s ub form ation i s about 20 fe e t. We s t ofCharlbury t he Rock B e d i s n ot so fe rruginous as o n th e Oppo s e s de Of the own nor i s i t s c n e ss s o e a i s u it i t , thi k gr t ; it c t through t h a i n s a ace s an d a se c on m a by e railw y e ve r l pl , ti y b e obse rve d n t h oa c sse s t h e a e e as of horth am t “ alo g e r d which ro v ll y t S p on . In t h e n e ighbourhood of Ble nhe im t h e Rock B e d be com e s a valuable ’ f un r Hu M iron ore full parti culars will b e o d i n M . ll s e m oir on the

e o o of th oun ound Woods oc . 10 . G l gy e C try r t k, p — T s d v s i on of t h e L as i s mad u - Upp e r L i as Clay . hi i i i e p of dull blue s an d c a s w e e an d e e e ds of e a m e s shale l y , i th h r th r b rthy li tone . S e le n ite

i s n ot un c om mon i n the clay .

“ Man y outlie rs of Uppe r Lias lie scatte re d ove r th e Marls tone a u an d i n the a e s w c r un u n o the G e a pl te a , v ll y hi h p i t r t Oolite coun try i s found e i er c o n out i n n a ow s s a on t he s d s it th r ppi g rr trip l g i e , or w T us a e f form i n g t h e bottom of t he hollo s . h b lt o it skirts t he uppe r h a f t he E e n ode an d t he a le of t h e part of t e v lle y o v l , v l y Ouse from ol in s fo ma n B rackle y n orthwards i s wh ly thi r tio . At the base lie s a thin b ut w e ll m arke d serie s of whitis h m arly n w or c re am ~ colour d c a s w h a ds of e e e a me s on e s . T e l y , it b hit rthy li t h se f ss fe ous th e s e c e s found i n em be ds are highly o ili r , p i th be i ng all dis . ‘ r m e t w i n he Ma s on t i n ct from th os e which a e ith t rl t e the y m ay be se e n and the ir fossils compare d w ith those of t he Marlstone Rock B e d

Woodst ock Men . of he eol eolo of t e Coun ound t G . Su ve . 1 G gy h try r ( r y) , p 9, 0 . GE OLOGY OF B AN BU RY, E TC .

f f - a n n d i n many q uarrie s round Ban bury . A e w o thes e sh ll ow b e poi te ' W ' a ﬁr a i s f the ammon e s c a ac e s c of e se out . e m y st give l t O it h r t ri ti th be ds the y are ‘

mo ites ser en inas Rein . Am n p t ,

A. b rons S ow . if , ’ i u b A. norman an s D o , r .

‘ A . annulatus, S ow.

In a ua halcomb on t he oad e ad n t o T e n fo d Cam q rry at C , r l i g h r p, four or ﬁve fe e t of the se be ds w e re se e n re s ting on th e Marls tone

McK. fos si s w e e n i fu in o an d a ca e fu s e a c Mr . T . l r ple t l b th, r l r h by Hughe s faile d t o bring t o light any spe cie s com m on t o t he t w o, t he ’

Ma s one e i n c owde d w Rh n c/t one lla t e t r ah dr a R . r es u zn ata rl t b g r ith y e , p , ’ an d Te r e br atulce w e the L as c a s e de d Am m on i te s com m n i s , hil i l y yi l u ,

A . an nulatus A . s e r e nti n as an d A . b r ons . , p , if A ou a ua e of a m ile f om M dd e on C e n e on t he oad t b t q rt r r i l t h y, r o M a s on St . Law e n ce a sma ua a e th e s e c on e ow r t r , ll q rry g v ti b l

ft . in .

S oil . ﬂ ) - C la wi amm oni e s . h O y, th t ’I W i e e a lim e s one . O O h t rthy t ‘ J

Cla . N W Basem e nt b e ds of t e L as y h Upper i . W i e e a lim e s on e O h t rthy t . N l A O C ay. Ma ls one oc b e d r t r k . The clay an d lim e s ton e s c ontai ne d th e usual Am m on ite s s e rp e n t A . bi r n an d i nu A . alcz e r i n n s o s e . , f , f f , pl ty The followi ng se cti on w as laid Ope n i n a pi t i n t h e garde n of th e B anbury w orkhouse n e a l an d la V get b e soil c y . 2 6

a d whi e e a lim e s on e . 0 6 H r , t , rthy t Blue la 2 c y. 6 Basem en t b e ds of th e Upper l

“ hit e e a t lim e s one . 0 4 Lias r hy t . Cla wi a e d f O b o e a lim e s on . y, th rthy t e 5 a l n o M r sto e r ck be d .

Th e Li as be ds c o out the oads de us e ow th r p by r i j t b l e w orkhouse . A ua a ua e of a m ile sou of T e nfo d o q rry, q rt r th h r , n t he road t o Gre at B urs t on n ow e d u a s o s ow e d a sm a a c of ‘ , ﬁll p, l h ll p t h the s e be ds

e w e l. A s e c of i t i s i ve n e ow v ry l k t h g b l .

F i . 1 g .

S e cti on i n a uar r S . o The n o r d Q y f f .

A . Rubble and su f r ace soi l.

B . Marls on e Roc B t k ed.

0 . U e Li as cla s wi h t wo b eds of e a h li pp r y t rt m eston e . ' y x F a l u t.

In the a e of Ma s on vill g r t S t . Lawre nce som e ban ds of ve ry a d h r , ue , ﬂa im e s one w h ue shal e la s b et e e n bl ggy l t , it bl y y w , crop out by the

1 0 B A B U E TC. GEOLOGY o r N RY,

o e ou num e ous are se dom The se cti ons i n th e Infe rior O lit , th gh r , l ood b t m e s a e a an ce m o e o r e ss c e a i n all t he g , u th e rock ak it pp r r l l rly roads which cross it along th e vall e y of th e E ve nlode . “ At C u c i a on t he oad t o C n No on e e are se e a h r h ll, l g r hippi g rt , th r v r l ua ie s n c t he oc i s e fos si fe ous con a n n Am m ani tes q rr , i whi h r k v ry li r , t i i g M ur chi s on iw Pholadom a tw o or e e s e c ie s M ac i tes Lim a , y ( thr p ) , y , ibb a c fossi Pecte n Te r e br at ula lo bata Cl e -as g osa ( a char cte risti l), , g , yp ' Ploti z l l t c luni c ular is T e e i s a ua o e n e d i n S a e .Nuc e o i es , h r q rry p " r d d In the se c on s a on t he oads on e n Park sh owin g th e lowe st be s . ti l g r th e n orth si de of t he valle y opposite Ascott t he s am e foss ils occur ple n t ifull h di n on u fu s n u s s out at i t s ase and y. At C ad gt a be a ti l pri g b r t b , s n s i n a s m a s on at De an ilsb ur and T ast on . pri g rise i il r po iti , Sp y, ‘ Along t he base of th e pi cture s que de ll which runs far up in to t h e e a of W c w ood F o e s an d a on t he si de s of C a b u Pa k h rt y h r t, l g h rl ry r , t he j un cti on of t he Uppe r Li as Clay an d the In fe rior Ooli te i s i n di cate d m a se c ons Of t e o i e by copi ous spri ngs an d m arshy ground . S ll ti h O l t crop out occas ion ally w ith t he usual foss ils, e spe cially at a be n d i n t h e ' a e ca d B uckle af w e e I foun d Tr i am a cos tata M aci t es Te re v ll y lle , h r y , y ,

' bratula lobata and An abac i a an ova s e c e s . Th e s a um i s e g , ( l p i ) tr t v ry

- n an d cons s s of a e ai ne d u o o i e . S e c i on s occu i n thi , i t l rg gr , r bbly l t t r t h e ai w a c u n s s u of a u a so at F aw e an d i n the ane r l y tti g o th Ch rlb ry, l l r, l

e adi n f om Wi co e t o As fo d B i d e o n t he u - ow si de of th e l g r l t h r r g , p thr fau . n t he b an of th e E e n ode sou of S tone sﬁeld a fe w s ua e lt O k v l , th , q r a ds are ou t o th e s u face a fau an d th e e ds w c are y r br ght r by lt b , hi h of t he usua c a ac te an d e fos s ife ous are w e s own i n a l h r r, v ry il r , ll h n a u a T di sou at a ou and are soon os unde t h e t r l cliff. he y p th b t l t r

T i i s t h m o s i n t h e di s c . b e ds o f the Gre at Oolite . h s e s t e a terly Sp ot tri t h ” whe re t e Infe ri or oolite re ache s t he surface .

“ In traci ng t he Li as and t h e Infe rior Ooli te from t he n e ighbourhood — f Mr IIul f n o C e e n am n o t he e se n d s c . l h as oun d a a e a d h lt h i t pr t i tri t, l rg a i d fa in off i n t he i c n e ss of e s f m i Th e fo owi n r p ll g th k th e or at ons . ll g a e a e n f om hi s Me m o on t h e Coun oun d W oods oc e m od e s t bl , t k r ir try r t k , b i the ge ne ral re sult of hi s ob se rv ation s for fulle r p arti culars t h e re ade r m a u n t o t he m e m oi uo e d . 1 4 t o th e Me m o on t e f y t r r q t , p ir h G e ology o th e Coun oun d C e e n am . 2 1 22 an d t a e Mr Hu try r h lt h , p , o pap r by . ll e ad e fo e the B i s A ssoci a i on at e n i r b r r ti h t Ch lte h am n 1 856.

TABLE of COMPARATIV E E CTI S ONS .

CHELTENHAM. Cn an nnunr .

a. Ra s one . a. Ra s one 5 to 1 0 g t g t .

f i 6 U e fre e s one . In fe i o n Abs en . I er or . pp r t r r t li i m l oli e Ooli e c . Oo c a . O c . n t t r t Ab se t.

264 fe e . d. Low e f e e s one . 5 to l Ofe et . d Ab se nt t r r t . .

e . Pe a i . e Ab sen gr t . t.

Amm onite 2 30 Sa ds , . 0 t o Ab sen . n f f . t

U ppe r Li as

2 . B lue sh ale . 30 fe et. g

Ma ls one 12. Roc b e d. Ma l s on e It . Roc b d r t k r t k e . ’ ' 1 1 6 fe e . h . S an ds . 1 6 fe e h n t t . . Sa ds .

Thi ckne ss nu n own k .

Geolo of the ount oun oods o 1 3 gy C ry r d W t ck, p . . GREAT 0 0 L1 TE. 1 1

It m ay be as well he re to me n tion that we now have e vide nce which se e ms t o o n to a e nn n out for som e d s ance at e as of th p i t lik thi i g , i t l t, e U e r B and of the a o e th e F o s M r e and th e o n pp Gre t O lit , re t a bl , C r brash

ow - a ds t he no . It w b e se e n e ll r ne t r rth eas t ill b low that we lose a , o arly all a , tr ce of the F ore st Marble wi thin th e pre sent shee t and i n s urve y

m t he W H - m a 52 S . . Mr . owe f n s g p , ll ou d that on the south we t of B e dfo d t he Co n as i s e n e on th e m u r r br h tir ly g e , and e Gre at Oolit ch essene d i n h l t ickne ss . F ossrns from the INF E RIOR OOL ITE at F AWLE R an d S TONE SF IE LD “ (B an k of E ve n lode )

F ossxt s. F ossxr s .

mrEN Pect n l n C TERATA. e e s , Sow. Is ocardia JPIontlivaltia Astarte H om m o ya gibbosa ( Sow.) Ecn m onmuuam . M odiola ib os ow g b a ( S .)

Clyp eus Plottu ( Klein ) Cyp ri cardia cordiiformis ( De sh . )

H le c t Gomom a. v scri ta Goldﬁ o yp us dep ressus ( Lam ) y . p ( ) Myaci tcs J urass i ( B rong. )

Tri oni a. cos tat Sow. B naom or om . g o( )

Pholadom a dicula S ow. ' y ﬁ ( ) Tere bratula erovab s Sow. p , Pano aea T p . maxillata, Sow. ’ Gasrnnor ona. s l al . T. p hm oid is , Sow k ne honella con nna w R y ci , S o .

’ ‘ LAME LLIBRANCHIAI A.

Car m nor om .

mm i t s P r i n A on e a k s oni ( Sow. )

GREAT on BATH OOLITE .

' U nde r this he ad we shall tre at by it se lf e ac h of the two zone s or on h as e e n d de d Mr H ban ds in to which this form ati b ivi by . ull .

L ower B and of the Gr eat Ooli te S tonesﬁe ld S late or Nor thamp ton S ands .

Th e lowe r band is re prese n te d i n th e n orth of our distri ct by s an dy

oose an d on - s a ne d b ut i n ace s ound o e e b e ds , m ostly l ir t i , pl b t g th r by

- a d une ve n e dde d s a s an ds one s . T e se carbonate of lim e into h r , ly b , l ty t h

m on S ands . be ds are n ow k nown as t he Northa pt n i n w d w th e s o e of th e ound A be lt of th e se san ds, varyi g i th ith l p gr , m e n of th e m e s one s of t he U e B and runs at th e foot of the e scarp t li t pp r , T e a so c a E we and C ouc H l s alon g th e whole of it s len gth . h y l p p ll r h i l

- an d w of Ban u . an d othe r outlie rs t o the south wes t e s t b ry he m os a unfoss fe ous e os on a one The s an ds be ing for t t p rt ili r , th ir p iti l e and e s n as e do on the U e Li as can give a clue to the ir ag , r ti g th y pp r n th e ace of th e e ds n ow n own the y w e re long looke d upon as holdi g pl b k f ouce s e s i e and we e wi e m as t h e U ppe r Lias Sands o Gl t r h r , r th th W e su e n t he ne ou ood of c lasse d with the Infe rior Ooli te f hil rv yi g ighb rh Polwh el e w as le d t o t n - a he e n e d a e t o t he B anbury Mr . hi k th t t y b lo g r th r s con e c ure h as e en sm ce fu b o ne out base of the Gre at Oolite an d thi j t b lly r

i n the fo m of cas s . The s ecie s not named were r t p ’ ' de la Gé olo ie A . D Archi ac vol . vi . . SQ. 1 Histoire des Progrés g , , p 1 27 GEOL OG Y O F B ANB UR Y, E TC.

n d all d u as t o by t he afte rwork of hi m se lf an d othe r obse rve rs a bt o . d sco e of th e followm fossi s the ir age was at last se t at re st by th e i v ry g l i n e m ne a De ddi n on th r gt ,

DEDDINGTON . F ossrLs from th e NORTHAMPTON SANDS, ne ar

LA M E L L IB RA N C H IAT A . EC H IN O D E R MA T A .

Hinnites r e ai ns, Goldf. i i i cular is Llhw d . g E ch nobr ssus clzm , y Mor. Ostr ea S owerb i L c . an d y , y

w. Pe cten annulatus, S o B RA C H IO ' ODA ' ' '

Mor. Tri om a More tom L e . an d g , y

Mor. Terebratula mami llata S ow . Cardi um B uck7nanni L c . an d , , \ y ’ M h an d or. hl t . ri ldndz L c . Rh nckon l a vari ous S c o C. S t ck y e l , , y ' ’ C i cardi B atkom ca D Orb . R . concimza S ow . r a , yp , The typi c al locali ty for the se be ds i s t h e n e ighb ourhood of North m on w n ce e i n am e and e e e e ac e i fu i c n e ss; a pt , he th r , th y th r r h th r ll th k The y have alre ady be e n trac e d along the ir outcrop as far as Chipping . Norton on th e sou th - we s t and Ke tte ri n g on th e n orth - e ast the y se e m ow e ve t o i n aw a fas i n t he d e c on of t e di e n a o e e h r th y t ir ti h p , b i g lt g th r ‘ w an in n o of S on St a fo d on si x n c e s c n e a H e l t g rth t y r t r , ly i h thi k r m e don an d e i n a ou He fo d on e ac s de of t h e al e of t he , T v ry th b t y r h i v l y

Che rwe ll . i T e se s an ds are of so m a e d a s am a e ve n w e e ua e s or h rk t p, th t , h r q rri de e se c ons canno be h ad e m a be w e s udi e d i n d c e s or p ti t , th y y ll t it h by f u ﬁ B e we e n B ac e an d the ragm e n ts turne d p i n ploughe d e lds . t r kl y

W i fie d an d sou - w e s of t he fo m e ace s a e ds are foun d i n h t l , th t r r pl , l ty b e n a ou F a n oe w e e a oad s e ad of t h e fo m a on pl ty ; b t rthi gh , h r br pr r ti occu s i s m o e s an d as a so roun d N e w o e A n o an d r , it r y, l b ttl , y h , N a A n o e fin d i mm e di a e e o t h e m e s on e s of Croughton. e r y h w t ly b l w li t t he U e B and fin e l - am i n a e d fia san ds one s an d un de e se pp r y l t , ggy t , r th d f w n n n th ou e s on t h o e b e s o loose hite a d brown s a d. " O e tli r e th r i f an u an d l v s de o B b ry s m os t y pre ails . ' “ In th e Valle y of t h e Dom e w e fin d be ds of ye llow fe rrugi n ous sands passi ng upwards i nto calcare ous s ands tone at th e base of t he oolite an d T se r re sting upon th e Uppe r Lias Clay. he a e w e ll show n at Ste e ple on on th e e as side of t h e ve w e e e are 30 fe e c an d B art t ri r, h r th y t thi k, n T m m ay b e trace d as far south as Li ch F arm . h e s a e be ds are shown a on t he u n e oad e as of Ho cr oft s Ho i n t h e an e s n on l g t r pik r t p lt, b k, r ti g Lias Clay ; also i n t he sam e road at Lowe r H e yford an d at North B rook

Th e fo ow n se c on s a e n f om a a P of. Phi i s n ll i g ti t k r p pe r by r ll p , i “ ” th e 1 6th vol. of th e ua e ou n a of t h e e o h Q rt rly J r l G l . S oc . Show t e i n d n f posit on a ature o the se be ds .

Jun c ion of the Li as an d Oo e N . of Oxfo d t lit , r .

Ooli e com ac m a l or S ell . 9 . t , p t, r y, h y

Ooli e of a ou s ell c arac e . f . t r gh h y h t r Ma l la (3 c . . r y y

d . B own fe u in ous s an ds and san ds on e w ca ca e ou an i r rr g t , ith l r s d rony

la e s 13fe e . y r , t 0 U e Lias Cla con ainin a b an d of i ons on n . pp r y t g r t e odules (Ammoni tes ' ' r 35 b rons A. hete o h llus B elemm tes e e fee gf , p y , , y ), t . M b . a ls one soli d an d fe u inous 20 fe e . r t , rr g , t Mi dl a d e Li s Clay.

e e also the Mem oi s of the Ge ol u ve on M s 5 S . S a 3SE . . 8 9 and 53 r r y p p , , N .E .

9 b Mr . Ave line . p . , y " Mr. R . T No e b th e la e enc . 1 t , y t r h Ge olo of Coun oun d W oods oc 1 1 gy try r t k , p . 7.

F - Mr om th e No e b oo of . T . R . Polwh l r t k e e .

Geolo of the Coun ound Woods oc . 1 . I] gy try r t k, p 7 GREAT OOLITE . 1 3

P of P r . hillips also give s th e follow in g de taile d se ction of d at Worton e we e n S e e e As on and B n u b t t pl ht a b ry .

ft . i n. Sm al s ells an d s an d e s i n e i e l l h , r t g th r on imite d patches of calcareous sandston e plan k or on iron ore Oolitic iron ore in un dulate d an d folde d m asse s S on an ds wi lan s t y b , th p t Sands with n odules of iron ore an d shells Calcare ous band Wa e i ssuin f om fe u n o s la o t r g r rr gi u c y (t p of Lias) .

In t he country about S andford t h e be ds m arke d d be com e white and ye llow sand ( 16 or m ore fe e t thi ck) w ith i rre g ular lam i n ae of cal c are ous sands one m o e or e ss ue i n t he ce n e ca e d n T s t , r l bl tr , ll pla k . hi i s some m e s cov i “ ti e re d by s x fe e t of clay . On t he south of our dis tri ct t he be ds k now n t o ge ologis ts as t he St one sﬁe ld s a e a e t h a e f th m n “ T l t t k e pl c o e N ortha pton Sa ds . he y con s s of a va i a e se e s of s a a i n ci a m ade u of s i t r bl ri tr t , pr p lly p he lly oo e s and im e s on e an d am in a e d s an ds on e s s n e adi lit , y l t , l t t , plitti g r ly a on th e an e s of e dd n an d at ton sﬁ ld odu n t h l g pl b i g, S e e pr ci g e ce le ' b rat d s a f T se be ds e l te s o that n ame . he re ach the ir gre ate s t thic k ne s s a on t h e we s e n a of t h e d s ic an d i n awa o l g t r p rt i tr t, th y t wards t h e a e of t h e C e we w e e e s e e m on t h e oi n f i v ll y h r ll , h r th y p t o d s a e a n i n a m an n s m i a t o th e In fe i o o i pp ri g e r i l r r r O l te . At Sa s de n e e are se ve a ua ie s an d f om on e of e se n o r th r r l q rr , r th , rth of Cas e B a n t he E a of D ucie has o a ne d a s e c me n of t h e ow tl r , rl bt i p i l e r

aw w e e of a P e oda e w c P of. H ux e con s de s j , ith t th, t r ctyl , hi h r l y i r , ’ un fu e e de n ce as e on n t o Rizam k or h nc hus B ucklan dz til rth r vi , b l gi g p g/ . F rom th e sam e quarry bone s of saurian re pti le s an d ﬁsh re m ain s have n x bee e tracte d . At L n e am B a ow n e a S a sde n th e e ds of the ow on ar y h rr , r r , b l e r z e e o T c on si s of w an w e ll sh wn i n t w o quarrie s . he y t hite d ye llow ooliti c m e on ssi e w e n e x ose d t o t h e ai r and som e m e s fa dd d li st e , ﬁ l h p , ti lse be e . M n f th e e ds are com ose d of t h e dé s of s ell s w i e s are a y o b p bri h , h l othe r In th e o n s a soft w e m n e a oc cu s i r m ore c om pact . j i t hit i r l r whi ch s p o n In a ua on t h e we s si d bably alli e d t o allopha e . q rry t e of t he Chip pi ng Norton road at t he he ad of t he S arsde n valle y the s am e be ds are

o wn b ut e are m o e e u a s a e d . sh , th y r r g l rly tr tiﬁ The re are also quarrie s an d road se c tion s along th e south side o f ut e e w e e th e s a a are of a s m a cha th e E ve nlode valle y, b v ry h r tr t i il r

d d . T e a a n a hi c ne ss of ab ou 1 00 fe e t re e te r t o those e scribe h y tt i t k t , dom ove ood ui d n s one e e e t t he same and though the y se l pr g b l i g t h r , y i nt on n e a B u fo d oduce the e s u d n s one i n the be ds at T a , r r r , pr b t b il i g t coun try . The re are als o good se ctions i n t he railway cuttings n e ar Ashford B ridge an d We s tﬁe ld F arm ; i n th e latte r of w hi ch a coral ban d m ay l m a s oo t e s b e found about 1 0 fe e t from t h e ground . Si il r helly li com

' pose th e s trata im mediate ly above t he ban ds whi ch ar e w orke d for

” ' slate at St on e sﬁe ld . 1 It would b e imposs ible i n a sm all tract like t h e pre se n t t o give any t so fam ous a fo m a on as t he St one sﬁe ld S a e thin g like i ts due o r ti l t , which h as b e side s bee n alre ady fully de scribe d by able r hands i n t he p ape rs quote d b elow . l::

nal of e ol . oc . vol . xvi . . 1 1 6 hilli s . ua e l Jou G S . Prof. P p Q rt r y r p

ound W oods oc . 1 6 1 7. 1 Geology of the Country r t k, pp , 4 1 2 Mu chi son Ge olo of l h iii . e i on Zoolo . J ou nal vol . . , Ch te n am ti F tt , g r , p ; r gy ;

i s of Geol . Soc. vol. i . . 4 1 4 B odi e and Buc man Jou nal of Lonsdale , Proceed ng p r k , r n NBU RY E TC . 1 4 GE OLOGY or B A ,

* - E ra SLATE . F OSSIL S from the STON s

PLANTJE.

‘ in L nd . Pter h lbum comp la , i l mulosus St ernb . p y Halymeni tes m , o ‘ nas B on . P. m , g r tus B on . r Fucozdes fu ca , r g y des B on . Tam tes odocarp oz , r g teoides Lin d. p Sp he nop teri s cys , St ernb . Thu tes a i cula “ , i macro h lla Go . y r r Hymenop hyll tes p y , pp t re sz ormt s St ernb T. c f , at olia B on . p Twni op teri s l if , r g a s dwamcatus St e rnb . vittata T. , i e a Ste rnb . T. , T. sci tam n , n s St ernb . T. ex a s , Flo a t . 1 6 . B . p e F oss . r , 7 , f sa B on . B ucklandza s uamo , r g tinata B on . q Pale oz ami ap ec , r g Car olt tkes . in a Lindl . p P. tam , eolatus Lin d Z amites lanc , l ,

ANIMALIA.

dea. S L . robos ci CO LENTERATA. p m la S ow . Pi nna a p , ACT IN OZ O A ’ Be an . P . cuneata, ‘V 21 98 Li mb uno si s soci ali s L. M. Anabaci a 0 7 7314 7 , Plac p ,

elli Edw. e ten lens S ow. Thamnas trea Ly , P c ,

’ ow. Isas traea 2 s e cie s . P. p a ans S , p g , ersonatus Gol df. W . P . I , ANNULOSA‘ S ow . . innulatus P t ,

W . M. reti erus L. E CH IN OD E R M A TA P. f ,

M . r b i L . Ostre a S owe y , Hemi cidaris . S ow . 0 . acuminata, w. Plotii Klein . l eus ' C yp , 0 re ama S OW ‘ W . , Ps e udodi ademaParki ns oniJ Vri ght . g y b e ctus P al Hinni tes a j , h l

A l li c ata S ow. AN N E LI D Modi o ap , M com ess a Po t loc . W . . pr , r k S e ulcr s ma s . m , ll p i c at a ow . M . imbr , S

M tilus sublwvis S ow. MOLLUS CA. y ,

ti costa Sow. Pholadomya acu , D A ' B RA C H IOPQ 9 - his oni . S ow. P . Murc

h nchone lla ar cta Li nn . R y f , THgoni a cos tat a S ow

R. obsole t a Dav. S ; , T i m regs “ ’ oy W R . conci nn a S O . i M , T ore ton ’ L Tere br atula mamillata S ow. - , Agtam ek gc ms;S ow:

Mor . o i L . A. Walt n , LA ME L L IB RAN C H IATA . A an ulata Mor. . g , ’ D illza acuta S ow . A. s uamula Ge w , q ,

M . S ow . W . bc lindri ca L. A. umila G. su y , p , '

a ow. Um cardium . G. ov ta, S

- ru osa Goldf. Cat diam acutan ulum P . Perna g , g , hil

W . K 85 nk . i Mor c Du l nd L. . r em a mwa o . S tri ck a Pte op pyg , h C ,

M a M aci tes calcet ormis P il . W . y ( y ) f , h z W ce amus am dalo des Goldf. O i s lunulatus S ow. . Ino yg , p , r ' M 85 M. Tancredt a b evi s L . . I. r , ' .

M a P il W . ma cardt ormzs L. 8: . T curtansat . In tf , . , h l

W . du lt cata S ow. uen tedti a obli ta L. M. L . p , Q s ,

M. ol ta ldf. . zm ressa L. Co bula i nv u Go W L . p , r ,

l l No i i n Ge o . S oc vo i . . 220 . ces of the fossils of the Stone sﬁe ld sla e w ll b e fou d . z p t t

i n th e followm a ers B uc land T ans ac ions of Ge ol . S oc . 2d se i e s vol. i . . g p p i k , r t r , p 390 B uc land P o ce e di n s of e ol 88 B uck land B i d wa . vol . ii . . 6 e , r g G S oc . p ; , r g t r . k ' T e se vol . 1 . 1 2 1 234 258 260 2 65 31 9 B roderi Zoolo . J o u nal r ati , pp: , , , , , p, g r , 4 b Proc 08 O i l eedi n s of Ge ol . o . vol . iii . . 2 1 Owen Transac i ons p ; g y, g S c p , t _ i v l l. c o 2d se e s 0 . vi g co s . . Zl . 4 7 8 u nal f ] 5 Huxle Jo o Geol Soc Y O xv. r , p y, r

5 Ph i lli s Oxfo d E ssa s 1 8 i i p . ; p , r y , 55 2 1 5hi s li st was com pile d by Profe ssor Phillips an d a pe are d i n the Oxford E sa s for 1 85 It s i m o an s y 5 . p rt ce and completeness renders it ne cessary t o emb ody ' i t in this m emoi n full Th r i . e s9ecms marked W are gi ven on the authori ty of Mr hit e . W ave s , GREAT OOLITE . 1 5

GA v S TE ROPO D A . G . emar i atus g n , Egert . ’ ’ G. alcatus E e Chemni tz za Ham f , g rt . tonenszs, L. M. ' G. ne lectus E Alaraa tn da g , e . ﬁ , P il. g rt

G. Owenii Buc Nati ca 2 s , kl . , pecies . G tt Act . si aci nus E e . e oni na. p , g rt

G. ru ulosus E e Turbo. g , g rt . Patella ru osa g , S ow. ‘ ( GANOIDE 1 . ) P. Raemmi ? L. M. E ulima c ommuni M s L. W . , . P cnodontidae. ' y Nen ta hemi s heri a p c , Roam . W . G rod y us erlatus , A N. minuta p g , S ow . W . G. tri on g as, A . N. g costulq ta De s . , h W . G roncbus oblon a A y g s, . N. m asa L g y , . M. W . ' P cnodus Bucklandz A Trocku ’ y , g. s s ir tus Arch . W p q , D . P. did m A us . y , g

P. C Hu ii A . E PH ALOPODA . y , g P ' . latiros tres A . Nautilus Bab M , g em L. 8: . , P b . o tusus A . Ammoni t es raci l , g g is , Buck. P. ovalis A , g . A. Waterhous ei M L W , , . . . ‘ P . orous A . p , g Be lem zt es usi ormis Pa f f , rk . P. ru ulos us A ’ g , g . B . B essi nus D , orb. P. tri onas A g , g . S a E c hodus het er omor hus A . V RTEBRATA. p p , g

PISCE S . LE r i D w E I ( o . )

PLAOOIDE 1 . ( ) Le idotus tuber u p c latus, Ag.

Cestraci ontidw. L . un ui culatus A g , g . Pk oli do hor us minor A A dus Z d p , g . cro ei o us A . , g A steractm thus semisc atus A . , g A IDE I ( S URO . ) Ceratodus Phi lli sii . p , Ag . ‘ B e l Le tacanthus semistmatus A onostomus le tosteus A . p , g . p , g

L se ratus A Caturus lei odus A . . r , g p , g M ' Nemacanthus brevi s i nus A acrosemius breui rostms A . p , g . , g ' S t ro hodus avos A S auro sis mordaa A . p f us, g . p , g

S . ma nus A g , g . 8 t ( CmLACANTHL ) . enni s A . , g Pri st acanthus securi s A . Cit eirole ts c clus A , g p y , g.

H b n d odo ti ae . y RE PT ILIA.

’ H bodus a icalis A Me al B M osau us ucklandz e e . y , g g r , y r H r l gA " . do s a i . Teleo a rus cadom ro g s u ensi s, G ﬁ .

H. rossi conus A . m di Ceti osa e e . g , g urus as , Ow n

H. mar inali s A . Pt eroda t lus B k n i Goldf g , g c y uc la d , . ' H. ol ri on A p yp , g. Chelom a.

E da hodontidre p . MAM MA LIA .

Ganodus B ucklandi E e . Am hitherium B roderi i Owen . , g rt p p ,

G . Colei Buc . A re va tii Guv , k . P s , .

G. curvidens E er . Phascolotheri um Bucklandi B od. , g t , r

G. dentatus E e . S t , g rt ereognathus ooliti cus .

U er B and o the Gr at Ooli te — of ime pp f e This i s a group l stone s, ma s and c a s w c s u on t he ds as de s c e d an d u e rl , l y , hi h re t p be l t rib , , be ca s the y are reg ular i n the i r stratific ati on and t he s am e i n compos ition for on d s ance s cont w i t he fa se e dd n an d c l g i t , ras t strongly th l b i g hange “ a e nes s of th n A so h m e s one s r n o t bl e ba d be low . l t e li t a e usually oo i c b ut of a com ac or w e e mos foss fe ous of a m a lit , p t, , h r t ili r , rly na u e and ou w f e ue n find On the m ou ds or cas s t r ; th gh e r q tly ly l t , the foss ils are s e dom f a me n a and a e a t o a e e e n u e d . l r g t ry, pp r h v b b ri h “ unde r t e i nflue nce of still wate r.

’ i r n ll o s k 20. Geology of the Count y ou d o d toc , p. 1 6 GE OLOGY or B ANB UR Y , E TC .

n of an a e a e w d of fou Thi s form ation c ove rs a belt of cou try, v r g i th r n i n f om Whi chwood t o Whit tl e wood F o e s ou i g m le s , re achi g r r t tly h M s one b fau s p atche s occur whic h have be e n le t down in to t e arl t y lt , m e of t h e as at T adm arton an d n orth o f Hook Norton an d it caps so n Li as w c a e e e n a e ad m e n on e d as i g o utlie rs o f Uppe r , hi h h v b lr y ti ly s catte re d ove r t he M arls tone plate au . T e m a At or n e ar th e base b e ds o f dark blue clay ofte n occur . h y y n a ua ab ou n i n ua a f a m e S . of Helme don an d i b e se e a q rry, h l il , q rry t f a b e e n B ac e and Radston w e e th e se c t on e ow was hal w y e tw r kl y , h r i b l laid ope n

ft w i i s an ds on e b e a in in o sm all an ula bloc s . S o h t sh t , r k g t g r k Clayey san d with broken bits of oysters .

Dark blue clay . an il Hard rubbly s d full of foss s . l lim e on e 2 0 Hard b ue st . n Lowe Ban d . Flaggy or slaty san dsto e . r

T . R . Pol Anothe r spot i s gi ve n i n t h e follow ing n ote by Mr . “ At ou de n n o - we s of t h e To Ga e th e u e b e d of wh e le : S l r , rth t ll t , pp r u a san d an d e n n o t h e N ortham pton S an ds passe s i n to bl e cl ye y , th i t ” u c a t he w o e ove ai d ﬁa e ds of th e G e a Oo e . st iﬁ bl e l y, h l rl by ggy b r t lit B e ds of clay on a sim ilar horiz on w e re p oin te d o ut t o m e by

w n e a No am on . Mr . Ho e ll r rth pt The m iddle an d large s t part of th e form ation i s m ade up of c re am

u e d u i me s one s ofte n i n - e dde d and e a w c are col o r , r bbly, l t , th b rthy, hi h i n i n te rst ratiﬁe d wi th and pass to r ubbly m arls .

t th e t o li e e ds of ure ~ wli i te a d ﬁne - a ne d i m e s on e s A p b p , h r , gr i l t ; uc ds are found o n i n i s ace b ut e o ccu e e i n n ot that s h be ly th pl , th y r th r f an se w e e ou ou t h e n d gre ate r orce th e l h r thr gh t B a . “ om m e nc n at th e w e s e n s de of th e dis c w e ﬁn d th e w i e C i g t r i tri t , h t lim e s ton e comp osing a cons ide rable por ti on of t he ri dge whi ch forms t n t e n ounda of Whichwood F o e s o e oo in t h e a e he or h r b ry r t, v rl k g v ll y

It m a b e s e e n i n m ua ow H Lod . of t he Eve nlode . y so e q rrie s be l igh ge ’ The re ar e als o quarrie s along th e road be twe e n Range r s Lodge and

W t ne e ar f i h . e aﬁeld . Ne a e e se ve a ood se c ons o w c w e S r i y th r r l g ti , h m a m e n i on on e t h e C e e n am oad ab o e Mi n s e Love y t by h lt h r , v t r l, i t he s u e os on of he F T e e are so show ng p rp iti t ore s t Marble . h r al ua e s i n a n e a s m a s a a i ca os on t h e oads t o q rri , rly i il r tr tigr ph l p iti , by r All i Crawle y an d H aile y . ove r t h s distri ct t he characte r of t h e be ds i s t he sam e cons s n of e u a e dde d w m s on e s , i ti g r g l rly b hite li e t , with n parti ngs of m arl a d shale . At th e v a e of B adon n e a Woods o h d f e m ill g l , r t ck , t e be s o whit li e s tone m ay b e obse rve d in some old quarrie s ; and i n th e ban k of th e e Gl me on t he n o h s de of W oods oc a b e d of da a n riv r y , rt i t k , rk C rbo ace ous c a oc cu s be we e n t wo e ds of m a m e s one an d i s a l y r t b rly li t , ve ry n s n fe a u e o e t he d s I co ta t t r v r i trict. t m ay be obse rve d i n th e r ailway cu n at K n on s a on w e e we a e t h e f n tti g irkli gt t ti , h r h v ollowi g se ction, for which I am i nde bte d t o Pe e ssor Phillips

l . Co nb as . S own in ua ie s above th ai r r h h q rr e r lway . Ma l 2 F o e s b e . a. Pale l . r t r c ays an d interrupte d thin lam i nae of s ell Fo est Ma ble h r r . 12 O

3. G e a oli e . b . S olid s ell ooli e t o o li ic r t t h y t ; p o t , middle close aine d b as e san gr , dy.

r 0 . San d and m a l y y be d .

(1 . Da lam ina e d cla lan s e t C rena rk t y, p t , j , y .

e . Pale blue cla wi l u y, th ca careo s n odule s .

18 GE OLOGY or B ANBURY, ar e .

S e c tion at S oulder n . F ig. 2.

V et able soil e s in on a b and of cla . 1 . e g r t g y

u . 2 . B bble 3 Wh i e m l . t ar .

F e e s one . 4 . r t

m a se e n i n a ua i n A n o Pa d n Tilte d be ds y also be q rry y h rk, ippi g nerth x we st at At He the we have th e following se ction i n the uppe rmost be ds ﬁ m a C n a 3 0 Surface soil with fr gm ents of or br sh .

- n di blue cla full of o s e s . 4 0 Lam i ate d, rty y, y t r l 2 0 White rubbly m ar . 3 Ha d s o i d w i e lim es one . 0 r , l , h t t

n e val idde n b fall en u is . 2 0 I t r , h y r bb h

own u l li m e s one wi s ells . 0 9 Br , r bb y t , th h l 0 3 Brown c ay.

a d solid w i e lim es on e . 5 0 H r , , h t t

n t he oad f om C ou on t o B uc n am a e t o t he e as of O r r r ght ki gh , littl t H ar a a e i n t h Monks ouse , e l rge qu rri s he middle be ds the y gave t e follow in g s e ction

S oil . m e on Flaggy li st e .

S an dy clay . ﬂ l m e s W i e a one . h t , ggy i t

e Ha d w i e s an d lim es on e . r , h t , y t u S of san ds on e as sin in o . s t t , p g t n Ha d w i e s an d limes on e . e r , h t , y t W a e t r .

5 con a ned man s e s Ptero erna &c. ( ) t i y h ll , p ,

Like be ds have bee n large ly worke d about Mixbury ; a quarry t o the e ast of the church s howe d

ft . i n . e Rubbly limeston . W i e f e es one wi a e s of a d im es o h t r t , th l y r h r l t ne .

Ye ll ow cla . y O s ers l la y t B ue c y. } e White limeston . Yellow sand cla : , y y

- a d c eam co ou e d im es one . H r , r l r l t

A quarry about halfway be twe e n Mixbury an d Evenly Gre e n gav e the se ction below

Yellow u imes on e an d m a l fu l f r bbly l t r , l o fossils .

- . T in b e dd d an d lim e s on e . h e , s y t GRE AT OOLITE .

ft i . n . Ye llow ooliti c lim e ston e : whiti sh with pink grain s whe n fre sh n 0 Ot o 0 3 brok e .

Ye llow cla wi o s e s . 0 9 y, th y t r Ye llow f e e s one l O r t .

T i - i n 3 6 c b e dde d a d ellow l m e s o e . h k , h r , y t

N e a B a a f r r ckle y group of faults agai n bre aks u t h e be ds . O p — — t e se t he one unn n n a d n - t H d h , r i g e rly ue e ast from Hi nton o h e e ge s c rosse s th e railway cutting imm e diate ly t o th e n orth - we st of B rackle y ’ S a on as t he s t ti , ke tch be low shows

B RIDG E .

S T AT IO N .

1 . San d and s a sands n No h m on ands . l ty to e . rt a pt S

2 . U e Li as la i h li n pp r C y w t n o dule s of e arthy me sto e .

3. Ma ls an d lim e s on oli e r t e s of the Gre at O t .

It i s ne xt se e n i n t h e road t o Hi nton - on - th e - He dge s . At the ﬁrst b rook ' aft e r e a n B ac e G e a o i e was s own on the e as an l vi g r kl y, r t O l t h t b k, an d L as C a ca e t h e San ds on s i hi k e r oun d c ose on i l y pp d by , l ghtly g gr , l

i d om e e i i n a ua on the - t O b t he othe r s e . S Gr at Ool te be ds q rry hill p y t h e sam e oad are s a e d e d m o i r h tt re , an d dip tilt st l ke ly by F u e t t h s f b n s Li as a s own i n thi s fault . rth r o e w e t the ault ri g Cl y ( h dit che s b t h e oads de a ai n No am on S an ds w c on t h e y r i ) g st rth pt , hi h

sou s de of t he fau e ac i ac oss th e va e . Th e fau th i lt r h r ght r ll y lt , an c n out of s on it s sou s de an d unnn a a e t o th e br hi g thi th i , r i g p r ll l i d n t o a un f r t h n f t h L as a on i t s railway, s raw cco t o e abutti g o e i Cl y h s de a a n s t h e e a o e m e s one on t h e n o t he a e sout i , g i t Gr t O lit li t rth, l tt r

m n e c ff t h e oo s de an d di i n n o - e as an d t he for i g a littl li by br k i , pp g rth t, Th in e f “ form e r h avin g be e n turne d up i n drain s close by. e l o thi s lt ' roduce d for a ou fou m e s as se s a cu n i n t h e a wa fau ,p b t r il , p by tti g r il y whe re th e be ds are broke n and dip at an angle of It i s t he re fore poss ible that the valley of th e Ouse be twe en the se p oin ts m ay de w a ne of fau b ut e vi de n ce i s w an n t o m a e us su e c oinci ith li lt, ti g k r ‘ W i ﬁe d i s n ow e e se n Th e fau t unn n S . S . . f om e of this . l r i g W r h t l h r , u The L as C a i s fo und b ut that some such b re ak e xis ts i s cle ar e no gh . i l y t h a and i s w o e d i n a b ic it on i ts dow n t o t h e bottom of e v lle y, rk r k p on t he e as an G e a Oo i e e ds e ac e ve w e e w e st side , w hile t b k r t l t b r h ry h r

e an d e e d n e an usua . close down t o the rive r, he r th r ippi g high r th l The fault h as b e e n' draw n on the north as far as a quarry on t h e we st d c u ch W e e th e b e ds are o e n s o u w a ds s ide of Whit ﬁe l h r , h r br k ; th r it i f oduce d fa n o a n e o f fau unn n H e e B a d an d w ould, pr , ll i t li lt r i g by th r i w an of all e i de nce ove t h e oun d e we e n fo ds B e ant on . Th e t v r gr b t rbi

nn W N . W Th e le fau u n . . the ir be ing j oine d up at pre sen t . litt lt r i g

n om e w a . s e n de e vi de n ce b ut i n through B rackle y Church re s ts o s h t l r , and be ds i e No am on San ds w e e s e e n on a a lan e side som e s y , l k rth pt , r

i one . le ve l w ith Gre at Oolite l m e s t n f n B e twe e n B rackle y and B uckingham se ction s are ve ry ple ti ul . O f h u n t o We s u ﬁne se a th e south s ide of th e road a little be ore t e t r tb ry 20 r B ANB UR E T GEOLOGY o Y , C.

l x e e n urchins and m any othe r fossils occurre d i n a sm a l quarry . Si t c a ns of i o down t he i s ano e a sh owm the h i we st th s, l we r hill th r qu rry, g following be ds

T ace s of a b e d of a d blue da oo i ic i m e s one . ft . in . r h r , , ggy, l t l t Ha d l l ho e lla n mza nd o e e ow ubbl m a with . Rk nc n co ci a r y l r y r , y th r s ell in l n lime ce m n e d at o om h s p e ty : e t b tt .

D - l i b ue cla wi o s e s . rty y, th y t r

H - a d da e ddis b own s ell im e s on e . r , ggy, r h r , h y l t

B h n d f n ua e s y t e se co brook a te r le avi g We s tbury are large q rri , givin g t he followi ng se ction

l Rubb e . B rown clay. S of ell ow san d t y stone . Ha d w i e lim es one r h t t .

Yellow s an d. S of w i e san d ne t h t sto , Ha d w i e lim o r h t e st ne . S oft e ll ow san ds n y to e .

In a ua n o of S a s one H Fa m was e ow s u c a q rry rth h l t ill r y ll i h r bbly l y, e s i n on a b e d of ve a d w e i m e s one m ade u m r t g ry h r hit l t , p al ost e n tire ly of o e n s e s and e di n a e au fu ui di n n br k h ll , yi l g b ti l b l g sto e . At B uﬁle rs Holt ? g

S oil . M o

a - l D rk blue c ay. A o

Yellow ubbl cla . , r y y H o

Ha d c e am - colou e d lim es r , r r tone . H o

- Buff colou e d cla o s e s . r y, y t r H m

- T i c b e dde d a d e lim e s one . Nucle olites c luni lar cu i s & . h k , h r , gr y t ( , c ) W o S n a d. O a Ha d w i e li m e s one . r , h t t W o

Tu n n e n ce a on th e a l e t o th e n o h r i g h l g v l y rt , we ﬁnd north of th e y i n B oycot

S oil .

a d w i is lim e s on e . H r , h t h t Ha d ﬂa e lim e r , ggy gr y stone . W i e san d h t .

C e am - colou e d ﬂa lim e s on e m uc r r ggy t , h broken b ' y Lima cardi ( tformi s . ) A e n a ion s ' of w i e ubbl m arl an d w i e l m lt r t h t r y h t i e ston e . Ha d ﬁa ellow lime s n r , ggy, y to e . W i i s ubbl i m s h t h, r y l e tone . W i e m a l lum in the u e a lam h t r , py pp r p rt, inate d below .

The e ds di t o the we s at o s n b p t r ll lightly, a d are broken by a e sm a fau w an o en ﬁssu e e d i n v ry ll lt, ith p r ﬁll by grave l . A ou a f a m e e u th e a e b t h l il high r p v ll y, by Hogh ole s F arm

Fin e a el an d an d gr v s . Blue B oulde Cla r y. Hard ﬂa w i is lime s on , gg h t h t e . W i e san c a an d ub l h t , y l y r b e .

Da blui s - ac c a rk, h bl k l y. W i e s ell im e s one an d e o h t h y l t y ll w san dstone . GREAT OOLITE .. 21

In t he strip of Gre at - Oolite running along t he v alley of the Ouse we a t h h ve e following se ctions . At Radcliff

Rubb e and il l so .

Cla w i e ellow blue an d blac o s e s . y, h t , y , k ( y t r ) M i Ha d s o id w i e limes on e . od ola i mbri cata r , l h t t ( ) . W i e m a l h t r . B own cl r ay. s m n Rubbly white . m arl an d li esto es .

The se are most like ly th e topm ost be ds . At Ma ds Mo on M i s a e ua and fa he t o the e as on i rt ill littl q rry , rt r t, th e oad f om T o n o ou t o Le c am s e ad t h e se c on e ow t h e r r h r b r gh kh p t , ti b l , e d s of w c are c ose at t he t o of t he se e s o n as s o i n b hi h l p ri , C r br h h w g imme di ate ly above i n the ditch .

ft . in . 1 Bu . bble and brown sandy ooli e t . 2 Soft wh i . te rubbly lime s one s and cla t ys.

3. B own san d ooli e fa r y t , lse

b e dde d .

In th e valley of th e Thornb orough b roo k t he l arge quarrie s n e ar the B rick - kiln gave t he following ﬁne se cti on 0 F Hp n bl M c Cor brash rub e . m White m arly lim e stone . ow la m Br n c y. mo White m arl . ' a o S tiﬁ blue clay.

Ha d e evenl - e dde d lim e s on e . ~ m r , gr y, y b t Clay a

- lim e -m Hard b own e ve nl b e dde d s one . , r , y t e Rub l m a l wi s e lls . o b y r , th h w H d w i is lim e s on e . a ar , h t h t d o w White san . n on e w o White sa dst . an d cla o w S y y.

a d b o n im e s on e . o m H r , r w l t o o Clay .

Ha d c e am - colou e d lim e s on e . w o r , r r t ' Cre am - coloure d rubbly m arl (Lima cardiyormis ) . A O . a owrnthrow t o t h e e as of t e n fe e un s ac oss t he A fault, W ith d t t, r r

owi n out th e Co n as on t he we s . The fou e ds of quarry, thr g r br h t r b m arl and clay be low the Corn brash m ay possi bly re pre sen t the F ore s t

Ma h ma nde e on s t o the G e a Oo e . rble , t e re i r b l g r t lit ' “

22 OE B ANBURY ET . GEOLOGY , C

In the Le ckhampste ad valle y t he be ds are much faulte d t he ske tch o as a n n n E n bel w w t ke i a quarry e ar South d .

A oi cfi

D s u e d e ds m a a so be se e n at t he we s e n d of Le c am s i t rb b y l t kh p te ad,

- th o s de an d on t he oad e ad n n o w a ds . by e br ok i , r l i g rth r Ove r t he drift - cove re d c o un try on t h e n orth - e ast of t h e m ap Th i se cti on s are of course fe w e r . e Gre at Oolite s quarrie d at S ilve r

n n d i s a e w o e d ound W c e n . In Lon o s o e a C se N . N t , l rg ly rk r i k g p , . W . of a v a e th e e ds are c i n fos s s am o n th t ill g , b ri h il , g the m M odio la ' i mbr ic at a Os tre a S owe r b i Tr i om a ﬁl or etoni an d a , y , g , Uni c rdi um

- var i cos um . A e o e e as of s i n a c are the fo in littl t th t thi , bri k pit, llow g be ds

Ve ﬁne avel an d ale - blue cla i nt e rst rat iﬁe d D if ry gr p y . r t .

Da blue s al cla ve ﬁne l lam ina e d. rk h y y, ry y t

The owe b e d i s sa d t o a e e e n o e d o a de of 36 fe l r i h v b pr v t pth e t, T without re aching the bottom . he re are se c ti ons hard by whi ch show GREAT OOLITE . 23

a the cla cann for far and if th e accoun b e th t y ot ke e p this thickn e ss , , t u t h e e d m s I a e n ow e e e se i n tr e, b u t b e of a le nticular shape . h v h r l

s coun se e n G e a Oo e c a s of th e s am e n a u e and ic n e s s . thi try r t lit l y t r th k _ U pon th e whole t h e Uppe r B an d of th e Gre at Ooli te se e m s t o lose som e what of it s re gulari ty an d t o be com e m ore s andy an d e arthy

- A th f m n i n t o b e nn n i n towards t he n orth e ast . s e or ati o s know thi i g

a d c on t s i s on w a m b ook e d for . th t ire ti , hi ly h t ight e l In th d Hu ” ut d n t h e U e B and of e Woo stock di stric t Mr . ll p ow pp r

“ t h e G e a Oo e at 1 00 an d t h e Lowe at 80 fe e Mr . Ge o e G e n r t lit , r t rg l , of S t a on Aud e o d m e a a o n i n e a c of coa w as m ade r tt l y, t l th t b ri g s r h l i n a a e t o a de of 243f 1 0 nc e s an d t a a e n fu an d th t vill g pth e e t i h , h t pl ti l e u a s n of w a of t am m u all t h e e a oun d r g l r pri g te r, he s e te pe rat re y r r , n ow ow s f om th e o e o e . Th o i n s a e d i n th e o n as ﬂ r b r h l e b r g t rt C r br h , and it w ould se em like ly that th e w ate r com e s e ithe r from t he North am on S an ds 0 1 th e Ma s one The fo m e h as ow e e o a pt rl t r r , h v r, pr b bly nne d out s m e and i f i s t h Ma s one a elds th e thi by thi ti , it e rl t th t yi

w a e t h e G e a o e w ou d a 200 f e e i n c ne ss . t r, r t O lit l be he re t le ast t thi k GRE AT OOLITE F OSSIL S from th e Lowe r Zone e xhibite d at t he Ra w a St a on o o te t on e sﬁeld an d f om t he U e Zon e at il y ti pp si S , r pp r K it n on S a on an d E n ow B rid Whit e ave s . irkli gt t ti sl ge . ( )

‘ F ossi Ls .

CmLE NTE RATA.

‘ Is astrwa er lanaia M Co p , y Anabacia orbuli s L te , am .

ECHINODE RMATA .

' ’ c ros alem a hemic i daroiaes W i h A , r g t inobri ssus Woodwardii W i h E ch , r g t Gri es bachii W i h E . , r g t l eus M uller i W i h C yp , r g t ii Kl i n C . Plot , e

POLYZ OA.

M w uv ana . D ias top ora dil i , Ed .

‘ ‘ kone lla concinna S ow . Rhync ,

ow . R obsolei a, S

m xil ata o . Terebratula a l , S w

di ona S ow. T. g ,

ME Lm nAN HIAr' A LA L O .

w b ii L . 85 M. Os trect S o er y , M s ubru ulosa L . . 0 . g ,

re area Sow . O. g g , in ta S ow O. ac um a , .

s is socialzs L & M. Placunop ,

Pecten lens , S ow .

P ve ans S ow. . g ,

uatus Sow. P. arc ,

ti n are from th e b eds m a e d 11 m li The greate r pm o s rk Prof. Phil ps de scription of n n at ion i n the se c i on on 1 6 th e se cti on at Kirkli gto St t p . . 24 or B GEOLOGY ANB URY, E TC.

F OSS ILS .

— LAM E LLIB RANCHIATA cont.

P. annulatus , Sow . Ptero er na cos tulata D h p , e s . P . e mar inata L . 85 M. g , Ge rvilli u a ac te , Sow . G monotis . , Desh .

G . cr a s ic a s os t , L . & M. G n S . . p . L ima ardii b rmis L c j , . 85 M .

Pinn c n t a. u ea a, Phi l]. Modiola imbric ata, Sow .

Arca Pratii , L . 85 M. A temul . a, Phill . ’ M acrodon H irs onens is r , D A ch . ' Tr z onza M ore toni L g , . 85 M. ’ Cardi um B uckmanm i L M , . 85 . tr ickl ndi C . S a , L . & M.

C . s ubtr i onum L . M g , 86 . i n tu h C . cer m, P ill.

N ucula Me nkii , Ream . variabili JV. s , S ow. ’ Limo s i s ooli ticus D Ar h p , c . Lucina s tr iatula B uvi g .

L . cardi oides D A ch , r .

ros tra a C . t , S ow. ’ As tar te s uamula D A h q , rc .

A exte nsa i l . , Ph l. M L . 8; .

' ancredia br 5 T ems, L . 8 M.

T n s . . . p orbula i voluta l C n , Go df. n C . . sp. N e te re Ibbe tson i Mo r i s , r M aci tes S car bur ens i ill s Ph . y g , M calac z ormi hi l s P l. . f h M de ur a i . c t tus , Ph ll.

Pholadom a He raulti A . y , g

P. solitaria, L . 85 M. P vulu L M . o m, . 86 .

GASTE R or om .

S tomati a B uvi nier i L 85 g , . M. ’ M onodonta aba i L d e D Arch . y , Actazoni na oiivce ormis Dun e f , k r ulimoide s L A . E , . 86 M.

A. arvula Ream e p , r ' hndrites brevi s L 86 M Cg , . . n s a . p.

ulla n . s B , p . Troc hus Ibbets oni , L. 85 M. ’ T s iratus D . p , Arch .

ANB U E TC . 26 GE OLOGY or B RY ,

F oss 1 Ls .

LAME LL IB RANCHIATA .

r i L. 85 M. Os trea S owe by ,

re ar ia ow. 0 . g , S Avicu

‘

Pecte ns ve ans ow. g , S s P. ﬁbro us , S ow . Lima im ressa L ce tt p , y ’ M L . cardi ormzs L . . if , di imbri cat Mo ola a, Sow.

ibbos a ow. M . g , S

M . c uneata. S ow .

M tilus s ublazvis ow. y , S Li thodomus ’ ucina ll n r . L B e o a, D O b ’ erom a B a oc zana D rb . C g j , O Pholadom a He raulti A g , g. P de l ide . to a, Sow. '

P . ovalzs , Sow .

hwra, M adr z i L . 85 M S p d , ' Tr i onza striata S ow. g , t T. c osta a, Sow .

More ton L . . T. i , 80 M

M. Unicardium im ressum L . 85 p , Homomya Isocardia Panop cea s ta ali a A rte en , Phil.

Tancre dza xi ni rmis Phi l . a fo , i S tri ckland , L . 85 M.

GASTEROPODA .

N er inaea

N ati ca c ine te , Phil . Li torina

Turbo

REPTILIA .

Teleosaur us

F ORE S T MARB LE .

Thi s subformation of th e Gre at Oolite de rive s i ts name from Wych

od F o s of w c fo m s t he e a e o ion. In i t s m n a wo re t, hi h it r gr t r p rt i e r l characte r an d fossil s i t b e ar s a stron g 1 e se mbl an ce t o th e lowe 1 z one of ﬁ d s a s e m n ti t h e Gre at Oolite . We n im il r h lly oolitic li e sto e s ave rse d by cu e n an e s an d s m a e ds of c a and s a e and ﬂa st one s w rr t pl , i il r b l y h l g , ith d f be s o oys te rs . F rom Wychwood F ore st th e out c1 op of t his r ock runs be twe e n the a e aus of t h e G e a Oo i e and Co n as t o B uc ne on t he no pl t _ r t l t r br h k ll rth Th e few we st of B ice s te r . trace s of it that have be e n found b e yon d

‘ at oin w be no ce d e ow . e oc i th p t ill ti b l Outli rs cur n Ble nhe im Park, at

Geolo of th e oun n o . 22. gy C try rou d W ods tock, p -2 F OREST MAR B LE . 7

Do nfo d and n a T dm n nd a n n l e e e s u i n t he b oo r r , e r a arto , a lo g i i r p p p r k cou se s n f B Th e o e st Ma e a so com e s t o t he sur r orth o ice ste r . F r rbl l face at the ce n tre of t h e dome - shape d inli e rs of Cornbrash at Wood E a on Odd n on an d B ac o n Hi . t , i gt , l kth r ll Owing t o t he rapid e nclosure of Wychwood F ore s t m any q uarrie s a e e e n o e ne d i n F o e s Ma e of w c we m a m e n on ose of h v b p r t rbl , hi h y ti th ’ Le afie ld W a e m an s Lod e W i e Oak G e e n an d M n s e Lo e , t r g , h t r , i t r v l ; and the fo w n uc ss on m a Th e ow e e ds llo i g s ce i y b e cle arly m ade out . l r b w c e s on th e w e m e s one of th e G e a Oo e con s s of s e hi h r t hit li t r t lit , i t h lly oo e m uc fa se e dde d s n n o s a s an d a s . T e are com lit , h l b , plitti g i t l b fl g h y ose d n c a of e no m ous uan e s of o e n o s e s e s w h a p pri ip lly r q titi br k y t r h ll , it s m a e num e of o e s e s ce me n e d oo c m e s one . T e se ll r b r th r h ll , t by liti li t h e ds are e ne a e owi s at t he s u face b ut w e n e ac e d at som e b g r lly y ll h r , h r h d u T e re ua e d for a l s one s e pth are of the sual blue colour . h y a q rri w l t and ou a s and are a ou 30 fe e t c . The e e ds con s s r gh fl g , b t t hi k high r b i t of u s c a s an d m a s w n fla ston e s an d oo n s a e s for bl i h l y rl , ith thi g r fi g l t , Th u fa s f e se w hich they are quarrie d at White Oak Gre e n . e s r ce o th

ﬂags are fre que n tly m arke d w ith curre n t ri pple s an d w orm trac ts . S e s of Os tr e a Pe cte n Ac i cula f a m e n a s e m s of Pe ntac ri n us h ll , , , r g t ry t , an d a e s of E chi i re not un f e ue n T e se e ds a f om 20 t o pl t n a r q t . h b v ry r f 30 e e t i n thi ckne ss . Towa ds W n e th e F o e s Ma e e com e s e n an d i s re re r it y r t rbl b v ry thi , p T e se se n te d by a be d of clay re s ting on four or ﬁve fe e t of sl aty oolite . h

e d o f a ar e n con s an . F or e xam e w ﬁnd th e Co n b s cl y e v ry i t t pl , e r brash re sting on a thick b e d of F ore s t Marble clay in th e rai lway cut n we s of Han o ou s a on b ut i n th e ua at E as E n d No ti g t b r gh t ti q rry t , rth Le we ﬁnd Co nb as e s n on coa se s e oo e of t h e F o e s igh , r r h r ti g r h lly lit r t ‘ Marble wi th out an n e e n n c a an ds th e d s an ce e we e n e n , y i t rv i g l y b , i t b t b i g about t wo m ile s . A B adon are od se on s of th e a o e F o e s Ma e t l the re go cti e Gr t O lit , r t rbl , an d o n s and th e fo ow n m a b ob se e d at B adon ua : C r bra h, ll i g y e rv l q rry

ft . in . R bbl e ve nl b e dde d s ell ' lim e s on e wi h u , h t , t Co n as . r br h r t ta T er ii M a i tes Te rtgb a ula ohova . ova " , p s, y c . la l b e dde d s ale s an d s an d ﬂa s Regu r y h y g .

d bluis m a l lim e s one we a e in w i e . Har h r y t , th r g h t wi Os trea Bl uish clay th . oa se s ell ooli e false b e dde d ua ie d for C r h y t , , q rr uildin slab s an d b g . W i e lim e s one see n in ua ie s and sec i on s at Gre at h t t , q rr t

i Bladon . Ool te .

n ua i n B e n e m Pa o os Old Woods oc w e ﬁn d I a q rry l h i rk, pp ite t k, t he following se ction

ft . i n .

e l e am - co ou e d limes on e in two Rubbly, sh ly, cr l r t , b e ds wi a a tin of m a l Tere b atula obovat a Cornbrash . , th p r g r ; r , i na a M acites Avi cula ech t , y .

' n d a e Partings of m arl a sl t .

Ye llow sof ooli e fals e b e dde d . , t t , an d ﬂa st on e s wi b o e n s ell s s i ne s of Clays g , th r k h , p

hi ni s em s of Pe nt acri nus Pecten va ans P. E c , t , g , ‘7 brosus Rh nchonella con ci nna 0 ﬁ , y 1 0 0

h Ma b e e com e s e n and a ove Towards Tac kley t e F ore st r l b v ry thi , b e n t h e w e s an of t h e i e a e a s t o a e a o d o , Enslow B ri g , t b k r v r, pp r h v lt He e t h e G e a Oo e e ac e s t o th e t o of t he ge the r die d aw ay . r r t lit r h p an d mme d ate a ove th e Co n as ma b e o se e d cliff ( se e p . i i ly b r br h y b rv

a e e i s ac ua n o oom for th e F o e s Ma e . i n t h e road, s o th t th r t lly r r t rbl f h e owe e r a c be d of c a f om On t he opposite side o t e riv r, h v , thi k l y, r 28 or B ANB URY I nc . GEOLOGY ,

ar m de e a e a s an d f om e nce t owa ds S one which bricks e a , r pp r , r th r t y Middle ton we always ﬁnd un de rne ath the clay ﬁve or six fe et of she lly ” n d c a e nds e on n t o th e F o e s Ma e . oolite a l y y ba , b l gi g r t rbl F rom he n ce this formation m ay s till b e trace d t o a poi nt about thre e

f a m e n - f B uc n e w e i s cut off a fau quarte rs o il orth we st o k ll, h n it by lt th e a Th e oad f om B uc ne t o A d e b ringi ng up e Gr t Oolite . r r k ll r l y a sm a ou e t h e oc i s coa s e e dd s own ﬂa cros se s ll tli r ; r k a r , r i h br , ggy

ne e m uc fa se e dde d . lim e s to , v ry h l b s o n h M s n a d awa B e yond thi p i t t e F ore s t arble ee ms t o thi r pi ly y, It n ow e re an d trace s of i t have be e n found on ly i n a fe w place s . h ne ss of m o an e e or f u f e an d as w o ul d re ache s a thick re th thr o r e t, it — have be e n impossible t o trace s o thi n a b ed ove r a drift - co ve re d “ n i t has e en e f out on t he m a e xce at ose s o s whe e c ou try, b l t p, pt th p t r o n T se fe w case s s a now be oi n e d s e ction s pr ve it t o be pre se t . he h ll p t

out .

a th e oo ‘ s de 5 8 c a ns e as f T n ew c c u c we In a qu rry by br k i , h i t o i g i k h r h, have t he following se ction

ft . i n .

Re ddis - ellow ﬂa an d ub l im es on Avi h y , ggy r b y l t e, Co nb as r r h . cula echinata. B own sand cla full of b o e n shells f r y y, r k W i m a l cla wi s m oo f ac u e and evenl Pe rhaps h te, r y y, th th r t r , y

F ore st j ointe d . M l d blue sla li m e s on e surface of b e d co e e d arb e . Har ty t ; v r s e s S in e s of u c in s &c with oy t r , p r h , .

Th e bottom b e d h as a ve ry F o re s t Marble look th e white clays are se e n i n m os t place s whe re t h e j unc ti on o f t h e Cor nbrash an d Gre at i t e i s a d o e n b ut e e are n ot con ne d t o t h e o z on e i n Ool l i p , th r ﬁ h ri , b g t B uc n am a d c om mon u h foun d i n Cornbrash a ki gh , n thro g out t h e w hole In t h e a e ua e we e n Tho n of t he Gre at Oolite . l rg q rry b t r borough an d ds a d u e . 2 1 s m a m a e re found e ow t he Co n as Pa b ry ( s e p ) i il r rly b b l r br h, ' e se n a i ve o f th e F o e s Ma b ut n o o the r p ossible re pr t t r t rble . In the village of Thornton road cutti ngs and a large quarry clos e upon th e e dge of the m ap give t h e followi ng s e ction

Co nb as Ru bl Co n as . ft . i n s . r r h . b y r br h l e n a i ons of w i e bluis an d b own c a wi A t r t h t , h , r l y, th d f sm oo e ve nl oin e d w i e m a l ic b e s o th, y j t h t r th k

ne ss s een in t h e quarry . 1 0 0 ﬂa s an d li me s on e o s e s c 2 T in & . 0 h , g y t ; y t r ,

i - d e d w i e s e ll lim e s one . 3 0 Th ck be , h t , h y t

- i e dde d b ow ni s lim e s one . d O Gre at Th ck b , r h t 0 - T in b e dde d b own san ds one . 6 Oolite . h , r t

- dde d b ownis lim e s one . 4 0 Thick be , r h t

The white m arly be ds are of th e sam e s tam p as those j us t de scri be d e f F o e s Ma b e i s e ncons an and d e s a th e thin b d o r t r l v ry i t t, i aw y altoge the r i n place s . Ma e s ows i se f c o n On ce more t he F ore st rbl h t l , r ppi g out on th e w e st e ow Le c am s e ad fa m and i n u side of the hill b l kh p t r , a q arry at

ll t n L e . Some de e d a n s at the s ace out o Li ings o ov ll p r i ﬁr t pl thr ugh, Ru bl Co n as Avicula echinata Terebratula internwdi a b y r br h, , ,

n a Pecten va ans . Cor br sh . g

Pa san d cla . le, y y

F o e s T in - edde d s ell re lim e s one foss wood o s r t h b h y g y t ; il , y ters, spin e s ' a le of Hemi cidaris . M rb . " e lime Ha d w i s on e Tere bratula erovalis T. orni thoce hala r , h t t ; p , p . Gre at Ha d thi c e dde d e s e l i mes one I/ima cardii ormis r , k , gr y, h l l t f , Ooli e ‘ t Ost ea S owerb z Pecten aomuyatus Rh nehone lld canci r y , , y nna.

f he oun ound ods oc 23 24 Geology o t C try r Wo t k, p. , . F OR E S T MAR B LE . 29

The quarry gave th e followi ng se ct ion

G e sla i m e s on e cu en am ina r y, ty l t , rr t l te d.

Fin l - lam in a e d b o wn cla wi in y t , r y, th th plates of

sfone . Fo es W i e ma l cla wi sm oo f ac u e and e enl r t h t r y y, th th r t r , v y M i n d . arble . jo te B uis cla l h y. Ha d e sla lim es on e alm os en a r , gr y, ty t , t tire ly m de

up of oysters . 1 Ha w i lim s n rd h te e to e . 8313 33. }

The boundary of th e little outlie r i n whic h the quarry stands i s e ve rywhe re hidde n by Drift e xce pt on t he w e s t t he fault whi ch has be e n drawn cutti ng off the F ore s t Marble t o t h e south - w e st i s se e n i n t he road by Lilli ngst on Lovell church ;t he be ds the re dip at t he unusually an l nd a s on n a high g e of a tr g spri g bre ks out a little lowe r dow n . It w ill be notice d that i n all the se se c ti on s w e have the s am e orde r of the e ds as was o se ve d Mr . H u on W c wood F o e s c a s i n b b r by ll y h r t, l y im the uppe r part and slaty l e s tone be low . A e ou e of F o e s Ma e ie s on the e as of Tadm a n n a littl tli r r t rbl l t rto , e r

B an u . I i s le t down n o the G e a Oo e a f an n b ry t i t r t lit by ault, d co si sts of f w f a d ue ﬂa m e s on e a mos a e e e t of h r , bl , ggy li t , l t e ntirely m ade up of oys te rs . We so ﬁnd s oc i n t h e ce n e of t h e i n e s at Is dd n n al thi r k tr li r lip, O i gto , and B ac o n H for se c on s se e e ow . 35 36 3 . l kth r ill ti b l , pp , , 7

F RE ST MARB L E at ISLIP and I F OSSILS from the O K DLINGTON.

(Whi t e ave s . )

CCE LE NTE R ATA . T. cos tata, S ow. r i ' Ca d um S tri cklandi , L. M. Anabact a orbu-lites Lam . , C r i c r di a rostrata yp a , S ow. Asta t e inte linea a L e r r t , . POLY OZ OA . y A m . i nima P il . , h

i a l . Cri co ora st am ne , P A n . S . p r hi . p C ri na L oweana L yp , . 8: M. MOLLUS CA. Cor bis n s . , . p

Tancr edi a t runcata L e . B RA CH IOPOD A . , y C rbul o a i nuoluta, Goldf. a S ow. Rh nchonella conci nn , C Ma l y . cnei l ii, Morr . la cardium Lam . Terebratu , C n s . . p . ar b urcata. v . if C n . s . . p Pholadom a acuti cos ta y , S ow. LAM E LL IBRANCH IAT A .

GA S T E ROPOD A . M. i L. Ostrea S owerby ,

ta S ow. Cerethium uadri cinctum ldf. O. acumina , q , Go C e id S ow. eri t lla acuta L. M. Pecten rig us, ,

C. lon is cat a En P. annulatus, S ow. g , v. E ulim a communi s L . M. S w. P. lens, o ,

ow. Rissoi ua du li cata Sow. P. arm atus, S p , R laz i ersonatus Goldf. . u s S ow . P. p , ,

i socialis L. M. Neri ta mi nuta S ow . Placunop s s , ,

N . Ibbets oni L M Garvi llia acute , S ow. , . . ’ a ostatula De s . Trockus s i ratus D Arch . Ptemp ern c , h p , M Cros s ost cma discoideum L . M rmis L. . . Lima cardiifo , , Pa o du li cate Sow. das nodosa, L . M. L . p , g P te ll a a cin ulata Goldf. Area minute , Sow. g ,

ow. E mar iuula scalari s S ow. Nucula vari abi lis, S g , C ﬂe ma Sow. lind t s acutus Sow . Leda. lachry , y , ' Actaeom M r iti cus Sow. ua o . Limop sis ool ,

M. toni L. W gonia More , ' c 30 GEOLOGY or B ANBURY , Er .

r Tidde man a wel - e se e d c us I le arnfrom my colle ague M . th t l pr rv r f und P ofe sso t ace an and molluscous tracks have late ly be e n o by r r h of the ai wa Phillips and him se lf i n t he F ore st Marble a little sout r l y s n n tation at Kirkli gto .

CORNB RASH .

f n t he i e s m e m e o f t he Lowe Oo e i s i n m os This ormatio , h gh t b r r lit , t n s of f om 6 t o 15 fe et i n c ne ss . place s a group of lim e s to e , r thi k u a i n i ts e ddin and e cons an o e th e Though so thin , i t i s re g l r b g v ry t t v r c oun c on as in in e se o n s w the whole of th e pre se nt try, tr t g th p i t ith h e a Oo e F ore s t Marble i n t he sam e w ay as t h e Uppe r B and of t e Gr t lit con trasts with t h e Lowe r. i u or so i d an d c e dde d th e The lime stone s are e the r r bbly, l thi k b ; f t he fo m a on w u e latte r we ofte n find i n th e low e r part o r ti , ith r bbl e ar e ue n e na but we a e t o a c e am above . In colour th y bl i t r lly, th r r f a dee colour or brow n ;e ach bi t of the rubble has an outside coating o p o n an d t he o u e d fie ds w e e s oc fo m s t he s ub re ddish br w , pl gh l , h r thi r k r n e ds of s an d are of th e s ame h ue . T e e ar e a so occas onal s oil, h r l i thi b y m arl from which fossils m ay be di slodge d i n a pe rfe c t s tate . It s m arke d n s e e as to e co n e t he m i ne ral characte r m ake s t h e Cor bra h v ry y r g iz , c u la e c hi n ata w c i s ca of th e fo ma on pre tty little shell Aui , hi h typi l r ti , m i s also m ostly pre se n t i n it i n gre at n u be rs . The norm al form of th e Corn brash i s such as has be e n j us t de scribe d ; we find howe ve r he re and the re clay be ds w hi ch cause it t o swe ll out to T e se c a s se e m t o be e m ore than double i ts ave rage thi ckne ss . h l y v ry irregular and n e ve r t o r un on for any gre at distance the y are m ostly s and an d of a a e ue co o u b ut i n one case at B uck in ham t he re y p l bl l r ; , g , _ i on n m os i e t o t he Co n as e s ff and of all s a clay, be l gi g t l k ly r br h, v ry ti ,

shade s from black t o light ye llow . n as un f om N o on e W ne The outcrop of the Cor br h r s r rt Briz by it y, and B c e t o B uc n am som e i me s i n a n a ow e Woodstock, i e st r ki gh , t rr b lt f m ﬂat oa u n s d ut of e ne t h e o c o s a e d ate a . alo g a hill i e , b t r r k r v ry , br pl T e s de s the n ie s a e ad m e n i one d e we e n Is and he re are b i i l r , lr y t , b t lip h n and u i e s on Whi chw ood F o e s and t om Mars Gibbo , o tl r r t a C be,

M n and L am s e ad . Maids orto , e ckh p t S e ction s of this form ati on have alre ady be e n give n unde r th e he ad Ma e s id s s w av s of the F ore st rble . B e the e e h e e ve ral good se ctions in ua e s at No on B i e w e e t h e b e ds m a b e s n n n q rri rt r z , h r y e e re s ti g o M w i s w o d for ﬂa t on F ore s t arble , hi ch rke gs e s . The re are fre que n t

s c ons i n the oads oun d W ne . A t Han o ou n e ti r r it y b r gh Statio , an d i n a ua b the oad t o B adon t he Co n as i s e fos f u q rry y r l , r br h v ry sili e ro s, T r e s pe cially i n Te rebr at u lw. he re a e s e ve ral quarrie s be twe e n B adon and Woods oc Road s a i on t h e Co n as n l t k t t , r br h be i g he re use d for road me tal . The re are also q uarrie s by t h e r oad- s ide ne ar ’ S u d s Cas e . On t he e as s ide of t he C e we t r y tl t h r ll valle y, se ction s ma be se e n i n ua e s at K n on S a on and y q rri irkli gt t ti , on t h e south s de of K n on Pa a so a on t h e oad t o M i irkli gt rk l l g r iddle ton, s outh of a e F a m the o i f f Sl t r , whe re r ck s ve ry ull o fossils . Be side s the se e are the a s t B d n d B e n the r qu rrie a la o an l he im Park, alre ady d ” notice . Ove r the broad plate au form e d by t he Cornbrash t o th e we st an d no of B ce s e se c ons all m uc a e r rth i t r ti , h lik , a e plen tiful about Middle ton

Ge ol of Coun r ound Wood st oc . 25 . . t y r k, p CoB NB B AsH. 31

S ton Che s e ton ve rs ﬁ l B uc ne and F n fo d y, t r , Ca e d, k ll, ri g r . A quarry j ust outside Bice s te r on the road t o Cave rsﬁeld show e d

ft . i n . Loose ub l co nb as li ellow ou side luis inside r b y r r h, ght y t , b h ; sa h m n dy an d i n cohe re n t at t e b otto .

Ha d lue s e l i m e s one i n t wo b e ds . r b h l y l t ,

B e ow s cam e c a w c I w as o d had e e n o d n o for 60 l thi l y, hi h t l b b re i t fe e b ut I h ad n m ans f t h h f s t, o e o te sti ng e trut o thi s tate me nt . In t he q uarrie s at Stratton Audle y are

“

Ha d ellow u l lim s one . r , y , r bb y e t Rubbl im e s one m ixe d wi sand m a ellow at t o b ue y l t , th y rl y p, l owa ds the m 4 0 t r botto .

Ha d solid da blue im e s one . 2 6 r , , rk l t

F The o de of th e e ds s ow n i n s os sils w e re ve ry ple n tiful . r r b h the e t wo se c on s i m m on n e : at t o u b e ds w a e s i n ti s a ve ry co o p r b ly b . e k t e owe a an d s olid im e s one s e ow i t i s a a n se e n i n a th ir l r p rt, l t b l g i quarry above T inge wick Mill which show s

ft . in . 2 6 Dirty blue cla3 with a fe w pebble s . Du ft . B own cl : 2 0 r ay. e F la lim s on e un e venl e dde d . l 6 ggy t , y b “

L o s l 0 Co n b as . o e rubbly lim e stone . r r h Ha d blue lim e st on e 3 0 r .

B e twe e n F ringford an d B uck in gham t he Corn bras h i s ve ry m u co e e d u w d ft an d e e are fe w se c i ons . It i s w o e d for v r p ith ri , th r t rk

oad - m a i n out a f a m i e sou of N e w on Pu ce and t he rail s r k g ab h l l th t r ll, ' W a f d and R adcliﬂ an d i n B uc n am w ay cuts i n to i t at ate r Str t or , ki gh Ce m e te ry b e low t he Drift Grave l the y ﬁn d

ft . in .

Ra e a d ellowish s and lim e s on e wi m an fossils th r h r , y y t , th y , ’

A i cula e chznata S er ula &c . v , p ,

Ha d blue s olid lim e s on e . r , , t

m a e se c on at B uc n am a e ad We n e xt com e t o t h e re ark bl ti ki gh , lr y n t he B o u on oad us o ut of m e n tione d it i s giv en by a clay pit o rt r , j t t h o n an d i s as fo ow s e t w , ll

Drift Grave l .

a l e n as lim e s on e full of fossils . H rd b u cor br h t ,

S andy oyste r b e d .

Da lue lam i na e d cla . rk, b t y

W i e m a l c al - li e lim e s on e oin e d wi h t , r y, h k k t , j t , th ' ri s or E s theri a Nati co s zs Uni cardium Cyp , p , ,

Astart e .

Ha d el owi s sand lim e s on e . ? r , y l h, y t " e t iﬂ lue cla wi b o e n s ells li ni e i e s . S b y, th r k h , g t , pyr t “ stiﬂ da blac cla . wVery , rk k , y la a Blue and ye llow m ottle d c y .

i n m os e G e a Oo e w as e ac e d a e owe White l m e s to e , t lik ly r t lit , r h littl l r down . th m a m e s on e s w c a e e e n a e ad No . 4 i s ve ry like e rly li t hi h h v b lr y h F o e s Ma e an d G e a m e n tione d as occ urring at t he j un cti on of t e r t rbl r t

t un e e m i s c owde d w fos s s . M co e a ue Oolite , b u lik th it r ith il y ll g , ‘

o . 6 h le w as nc ne d t o oo u on t h e s tiﬁ c a s, N s , 7, 8, as Mr . Polw e , i li l k p l y f th ﬂa i me s on s b e lon gi ng t o th e F ore s t Marble b ut as none o e ggy l t e and as the races of F ores Mar le ty pical of that formation we re se en, t t b 0 2 32 GE OLOG Y OF B ANB U R Y, E r a.

dou fu Prdf. Ramsa i n the ne ighb ourhood w e re so fe w an d so ve ry bt l, y On i s Vl eW t he thought it s afe r t o place th e w hole i n t h e Cornbrash . th n d n as e se w e e th e Co n as c a s are s a se ction i s v e ry e xce ptio al, l h r r br h l y y n w i ch t he u The u e s u face of No 1 , o and of a pale blue colo r . pp r r : h ows an d a s e d w as m uc wea e e d and wa e wo n i n o o gr ve l re t , h th r t r r t h ll s little pot hole . e ss of S oll d T wo quarrie s n e ar B uckin gham sh ow an unusual thickn t h one on t h e Cornbrash lim e stone s w ithout any of th e rubbly b e ds e Stony Stratford road give s t he followi ng se ction

m any fossils .

Brown san dy clay. an d lim e st on e with co als S t lina Thamuas Wh ite , s y , r , y , Co nb as . r r h o 6 9 in . t r hn oide &c . t ram a ac s , l O 9 Brown clay with lign ite . 3 0 a d b own san d oo i i c lim e s one . H r , r , y, l t t

Hard whi te lim e ston e in two be ds .

h own u n oad e e - ua e s of a m e f om t e , Again on t he B o rto r , thr q rt r il r t we have

S oil . a l Gr ve , im n e Flaggy l e sto .

Ha d blue lim e s on e . r , t

Ha d i h buff lim e s one . r , l g t , t

Rubbly m arl . n Lim e ston e (full thickness n ot s ee ) .

Cla wi li ni e . y, th g t

Cornbrash h as be e n large ly quarri e d i n t h e valley of t he Thorn

o nd we ave e e i n t wo i c s a ou a f- wa borough bro k, a h th r , br k pit b t h l y d u an d T o n o ou ood se c ons of th e c a s of s b e twe e n Pa b ry h r b r gh, g ti l y thi At n we ﬁn d formation . o e

Trace of drift gravel . i a L ght blue cl y. B dd d cl e san d m o le d re d an d li blue Tereb mtul e e , ay y , tt ght ; a

i ntermedia.

’

Da ue c a Cidams an d b o en o st ers . rk bl l y, r k y

The a w as m o e or e ss s and ou ou i t n n cl y r l y thr gh t co tai e d se ptaria, Se e n e e s and e s de s t h e foss s m e n i on d a o i l it , pyrit , b i il t e b ve Av cula e chi nata M aci tes re curva an d m an o s e s , y , y y t r it was said by the wo m e n t o be a ou 20 fe e i c and t o e s on oc mo l th rk b t t th k, r t r k, st ikely e b e d of Cornbrash lim es ton e w hich shows at t h e t op of t he large quarry on the Opposite s ide of the road . L e e ds a e e e n wo e d for c m a n at B n ik b h v b rk bri k ki g ucki gham , o n tl I w as t d e road t o Gawcott. ol by a workm an that the y found tﬁere

Grave l an d loam . Li ue cla ght bl y . W i e im e s one oba G e a OOli h t l t (pr bly r t t e ) .

A be d of the clay has also be e n worke d at Thornton i t was found t o b e f om 1 5 t o 20 fe e c u r t thi k, b t it thins away altoge ther i n about 200 a ds f om t he B c Pi 1 y r r ri k t . Las we e sec ons i n and a out T o n o ou h tly giv ti b h r b r g , which se e m

34 E r B G OL OGY o ANBURY, E TC .

for place at th e bottom of th e valle y by He the B raid ; an d for w ant of be tte r e vide nce t he fault has be e n m ade th e w e s tern boun dary of t he fo m n H d i r atio at ar w ck . F ro m he re t o th e B ucki ngham and B an bury railway t h e groun d i s

ic co e e d w i D i f ave n d t he oun da - i ne w o con th kly v r th r t gr l, a b ry l h lly e ct ural e xce a ou H e h e w e e we e t a fa a ox ma on se e j , pt b t t , h r g ir ppr i ti (

se c on on . T i s de a e a oun d asse d th e n e un s a on ti p h b t ble gr p , li r l g t he sou an of th e use m os e ow t h e e e of t h e d f and i s th b k O , tly b l l v l ri t, acc o di n d w m s n a n It s os on c an b e r gly trace ith ore ca e a d ce rt i ty . p iti “ ﬁxe d e c ose at t he a wa cu n at Wa e a fo d at v ry l ly r il y tti g t r Str t r , T n Mi e w c a ua 5 8 c a n s E . of T n e wi c c u c se e i g i k ll, by q rry h i i g k h r h (

. an d e nce onw a ds t o B uc n am an d B u n Th e p h r ki gh o rto . j un c ti on the n be com e s hi dde n roun d t h e hi ll o n w hi ch White House s ands b ut i t i s w e ve n a on t he va e of t h e T n o u t , ll gi l g ll y hor b ro gh B oo ou ' t he oad f om T o n o ou t o L c m s d 2 1 r k , r r h r b r gh e kha p te a ( p . ) an d in t he a e of T o n on c os e t o t he e as e n e d e of t h e m a vill g h r t , l t r g p

p . It re m ains t o n otice tw o outlie rs of Corn brash on t he n orth of B uck n am one i n on t he h ound ound Ma ds Mo e on and th e i gh , ly g igh gr r i r t , o e ca i n the d e on t he e as o f t h e Le am d th r pp g ri g t ckh pste a valle y . A t t h W . orn f f e S . c e r o t he ﬁrs t o the se w e ﬁn d Cornb rash clay in t he se c i on e n e ow on th e a wa 1 5 m e s f om B an t giv b l , r il y, % il r bury . The re

1 . - G avel . 2. Li h blue s and cla r g t y y.

ar e se c ons i n G e a Oo i e e ds a i e ow e down i n t he a ti r t l t b l ttl l r , vill ge . B e w e n d u t e he re an B cki ngh am the re are s e ve ral s e ctio ns which give t he b oun da ve c os B e i n d B ry ry l e ly . h uckingham w orkhouse about 40 fe e of s and and a e e s s on G e at Oo e im e s on e t gr v l r t r lit l t , while th e ua y on t he S on S a fo d oad a e ad m e n i on d q rr t y tr t r r , lr y t e , shows Corn brash i n on t h e sam e Th ly g b e d . e se c ti on be low give s t he m os t likely e x an a on of pl ti thi s . F i 93" g .

l . G avel and sand i e ula l d r , rr g r y be de d.

2 . P ob able osi ion of o nb ash r p t C r r .

3. G e a oli r t O te . 4 . V e coa se avel fain ac s o ry r gr , t tr e f bedding.

5 . Co nb ash r r .

6. G e a ol r t O ite .

7. Alluvium .

. ua i e s . Q 0 . Canal . Q rr W . Workhouse .

F i s g . 8 and 9 bo h show well th x t e e i ste nce of a valley i n the stratiﬁe d r ocks evi ous to the de p osi i o of the d ift . Thi r p t n r s has be en ﬁlle d up with gravel and then par l hollowe d out a a t y g in. CORNB RASH . 35

B e ond h s o n we e t e de nce for th e oun da s ou h of F oxco y t i p i t g vi b ry t tt,

at S ou h End and N . E. of A e e b ut t h e em a nde of the ne i t k l y, r i r li s w o h lly conje ctural . All that c an b e s ai d i n it s favour is that t he Corn as mus e n d on t he n o e fo e Lill in st on Da e and on th e w e s br h t rth b r g yr ll, t e fo e B o co for a ou o e se ace s se ons i n G e a Oo b r y tt, b t b th th pl cti r t lite are e n fu ut h ow far t he oc uns i n s d c i ns we canno pl ti l, b r k r the e ire t o t e xac tly s ay. V e ry m uch the same may b e said of the boundarie s of th e Cornbrash

on the E . of Le c am s e ad a e on the N .E . E . and SE . hill kh p t v ll y ; , , e are who con e u a w i e t he s e c on ad d sc d t th y lly j ct r l, h l ti s alre y e ribe a Le ckhampste ad F arm and som e fe w t o th e south ﬁx t he li ne s the re a o u s s b t ve ry clo e ly . The ground on which the se t wo outlie rs li e is high e nough t o le ave ‘

oom for a ca n of xfo d C a . N0 se c on s ow e e r we e r ppi g O r l y ti , h v , r o ain d t h n f s fo m a n and all t h e d n bt e o prove t e pre se ce o thi r tio , e vi e ce s e e m e d t o show that t he drift w as quite thick e nough t o m ak e up th at a Th p rt of th e hill whi ch lay ab ove t he outcrop of the Cornbrash . e un d o nb as all o e b ut m us gro d has be en the re fore coloure as C r r h v r, it t n ot be forgotte n that patche s of Oxford Clay m ay li e upon th e hill t Ops e nea th e b th e drift cov ring . The Cornbrash again come s out t o day i n a numbe r of inlie rs along an anticlinal line ranging from Islip t o Mars h Gibbon and the se s hall now be d d —e scribe . Is li T i a a e ﬁat - o e d oss s n s a f om the p his s l rg , t pp b , ri i g h rply r Oxfo d r Clay plain . W a i n a a d Mr . i e a u a ou The se ction below was m e sure by h t k r q rry, b t a quarte r of a m ile north of t he village :

F a mes on e wo n awa in mos a s . l ggy li t , r y t p rt Greem sh ma cla ass n in o , rly y, p i g t

“ Bluish - black clay. L e a ca e ous cla assin in o Ve pal , c l r y, p g t

h- l i n e d f iable li me s on e wi h fossils Ligt ca c , r t , t , passing into B u s s al cla wi Os treae an d o e sm al foss l s l i h, h y y, th th r l i and grains of li m e stone ; brown at th e bottom . i c im e s one wi Ostrece an d o en Flaggy ool ti l t , th br k s el h ls .

Terebralula mamillate . Lim estone with a little clay. i i m one Blocky oolit c l es t .

o n as 2 t Ma d N . 1 i s m os e C o 7 F o es e Of the se be s o t lik ly r br h , r t rbl ,

Th e ds ar e s om e w a dome d . 8 and 9 Gre at Oolite . e b h t

- of the a on i s a de e cu n now a o d de To the south we s t St ti p tti g, g o al falle n i n ; the following i s about th e orde r of the be ds

Cornbrash . lay passing i nto pale

Ckemni ia Great Oolite tz .

° W. The e d m ust howe o The re i s a dip of 5 to th e S . b s ver r ll ove r b a sm a fau b e fore the station or th e re m ust e ll lt. f the a e afte c oss n the e w ﬁ i At the south e nd o vill g , r r i g riv r, e nd n a quarry the se ction below E OG O B A B U G OL Y F N RY , E TC.

l m es on e . Cornbrash . Yellow rubb y li t la Pale blue c y. F o e s Ma Fo e s r t rble . Flag r t

Pale lue clay. i a l Wh te m r . G e a tOolit S olid w i e lim es one w a t in s of w i e r e . h t t ith p r g h t m Li ma Cardi i s arl ( iform ) .

The be ds dip t o the north at about but roll ove r an d ﬂatte n southw ards . F ore st Marble re ache s the surface i n the middle of thi s inli e r ; it m a e s n i n ua e s th e u n ad y b ee se ve ral q rri by t r pike ro .

’ ‘ — r n T e se t wo a e s s an d on .a on Cha lton and Oddzng to . h vill g t l g n ow i d e ut ai se d a o e t h e a n of xfo d C a fo m e d arr r g , b little r b v pl i O r l y, r of Corn brash lim e ston e with t he F ore st M arble pe e ping through i n wo i ua i n n f of dd n n t l ttle patche s . A q rry o e o the se we st O i gto church showe d

Ma ble oli i l s F a Fo es o c fu of o en s e . l ggy r t r , t , ll br k h l

S an d cla an d ubble . F o e y y r r st . Fla F o e s Marble ooli c fu of o s e an d gg r t , ti , ll y t rs ro n e l b e sh l s .

Pal e blue cla we a eri n b own . y, th g r G ea W i e cla mi xe d wi lim e n r t h t y, th sto e rubble Ooli e Solid w i is lim e s on e ve i t . h t h t , ry oolit c.

Cor nbrash quarrie s m ay b e s e e n by th e roadside be twe e n t h e t wo a e s an d F o e s Ma e a a n c o s i n vill g , r t rbl g i r p up th e stre e t at Charl ton , t he dome - s a e d e dd n e i n w e s own t he di s se e n h p b i g b g ll h by p the re . F urthe r t o the nor th - east by t he wi ndmill we have quarrie s and a b ri ck pit giving the s e ction be low

l . Ru l Co n as lim e s on e bb y r br h t .

2 . Fla F o e s Ma b e ooli i c ggy r t r l , t

3. Y ll i e ow sh m arl .

4 . S olid w i is oo i i lim e sto n h t h l t c e .

5 . Pale ue c a bl l y.

i s a sm i The re all fault br ngi ng the c lay again s t the Corn brash ; this and t he ene a r un of t h e e ds i s s own in t he d a am e o g r l b h i gr b l w, t he n um e s on w c e fe - t o th e s e c i on us n b r hi h r r t j t give .

D i a ram S ec ti on t hr o u h h g g C arlton .

W indmill W . . 0 . Chu ch . x r F ault.

We ne x ﬁnd Co n as at Me on fo m n a low ﬂat s t O e d t r br h rt r i g , pp hill,

s n e e n f om t he a n . T e e i s ri i g v ry g tly r pl i h r a quarry on t he n orth - e as t of t vi he llage . — B lac ktho rn H ill. T s af e I i hi t r slip s the large st and be st m arke d of t h ’ i e ne - of i nlie rs . It i s a lon oval s a - li g, h pe d, h e avy look in dom g e , ms t o a e of a ou 40 f n h ight b t e e t above t he Oxford Glay round it. CORNB RASH . 3

Co n r brash mes tone ma be se e n i n se ve a ua e s the es se c on li y r l q rri b t ti , of w c a s e ch is i e n e ow e n at t he B k - n n t h t hi h k t g v b l , b i g ric kil s o e op of t h e hill .

F i g. 9b .

S ecti on at the B r i ck - kiln , B lackthorn Hill.

1 . Co nb ash wea he in in o ubble at th e s u face solid b elow. r r , t r g t r r ,

2 . Nodula whi e ma l lim e s on e . r, t , r y t

- 3. Li h blue lami na ed cla . g t , t y Bl Ma ble 4 . ue ﬁa F o es , ggy r t r . x F ault.

B e ow h s I was o d cam e a e c a and the n a w e s one l t i t l littl l y, hit t , Th m os t like ly t he t op be d of t he Gre at Oolite . e b e d m arke d

N o . 2 a e e s xac W t he w i e m a m e s one s so o f gr e tly ith h t , rly li t , te n foun d at t he base of th e Cornb ras h about B uckingham ( se e 28 p . , “ A quarry a little w ay south of t he H i n t he word Hill s hows we ll t he dom e - shap e d b e ddi ng of thi s i n lie r ; in t he lowe r part t h e ° °

e ds a a di of 2 or 3 t o t h e S . E . an d as we c m t he i b h ve p , li b h ll n th s e of th e oun d co n c d n e ne a gradually ﬂatte , e lop gr i i i g v ry rly wi th t h n a n of the e ds as i s n o dou e e ne a t he case e i clin tio b , bt v ry g r lly he re u ab o ts . h x n at We s S an H i s a e low umm T e ne t i lie r, t t ill, v ry h ock ; a t he m dd s owe d oos e u Co n as w quarry ab out i le h l , r bbly, r br h ith a be d of pale blue clay full of oyste rs . The Cornbras h has be e n ag ai n laid bare along this line by t he M Th de n udation of t he Oxford Clay at arsh Gibbon. e village s tan ds f th fo m e oc an d t o t he n o of i s a li t tle on a low hill o e r r r k, rth it

' s of Oxfo d C a se on the we s no an d plate au from which hill r l y ri t, rth, has e e n l a e ua e d on s a e au an d e as t . The rock b rg ly q rri thi pl t , h n e a o de of t h e e ds se e me d t o i s rich i n fossils . T e ge r l r r b be

Loose rubbly Cornbrash .

l c a m ixe d wi ub le . Soft m ar y l y, th r b

Hard blue lim e ston e .

how e ac of e se e n e s w c li i It i s worth noti cing h th littl i li r , hi h e l ke of t he nhos i a e s wam of Oxfo d C a h s is lan ds i n t he m idst i p t bl p r l y, a r m o W be e n se ize d upon for th e si te of one o re village s. e s t Stan Hill n and h s i s do u e ss ow n t o i ts e n t oo low i s the only e xce ptio , t i btl i g b i g t o s trike t he e ye . a on w c e se Co n as a c e s lie canno I am The s addle , l g hi h th r br h p t h , t

s be ace d e on d Is on the sou - we s a on told by Prof. Phillip tr b y lip th t ; l g “ th e n o - e as owe e we ﬁnd w e e e t he line produce d t o rth t, h v r, , h r v r i t ” n ot dde n b dri f s ns f c os se s a a t of the coun hi y t, ig o dis turban ce r p r - try t ns t he a e ua e we e n T o n for a lon g dist ance . I ru by l rg q rry b t h r borough see n a the e ds are faul e d s and Padbury,whe re we have th t b t ( e e p . 38 E OL or B ANB U Y G OGY R , m e .

We ne xt ge t a se ction on this li ne i n a brook course ne ar B radwell (in h n fo w Map 46 N an d he re the be ds are m uch broken . T e llo s a

oad ac of d f - cove e d coun e ond w i c h we a a n ﬁnd a br tr t ri t r try, b y h g i sm a fau unn n n e a on th e ne ne a M on E ne s on t he ll lt, r i g rly al g li , r ilt r t, e d e of Ma 52 S W and he e w e m us at e se n e a e i the g p r t pr t l v it, t ll Survey w ork has be e n carrie d furthe r into the country t o the e ast .

F ossrns f om t h e BRASH a r CORN t Ism and KIDLINGTON . i a (Wh te ve s .)

ANNULOSA.

E CH IN O D E R MATA .

Cida is B rad ord is W i h ens . S t omechi nus i nt ermedius A . r f , r g t , g

Pedina Smi thii F o be s . Holect us de ressu , r yp p s, Loske . ’

Acrosalem a hemi cidaroi des W . Cl eus lotti Kl n , right yp p , ei .

A. s inosa A . P ura Mi ch li i p , g yg s e n , Cotteau .

OCELENTERATA.

Anabaci a or buli tes , Lemk .

PO LY Z OA .

Alecto dichotoma , Lemk . Di as t0 ora diluvi ana Mi n E p , l e dw. Cri co ora straminwa P il p , h .

MOLL USCA.

B R ACH IOPO D A . M i b c . m ri ata, S ow. “ Li th dom i l o us nc us us P . l a rt , hil Rh nchone l ma en Dav. y , ’ Macrodon Hirso nensis, D Arch . R. concinna, Sow . Are a e mula P il Ter ebrate lla he mi s he ri ca , h . p , S ow . Nucula Men/ci t Ream er Terebratula cardium Le m , . , k . ’ N o rz i i . a ab l s , S ow. T. intermedi a, Sow . Leda mucronata S t S , ow. T. obova a, ow.

L . lachr ma S o y , w. om a Mom ma L LAM E L LIBRA N C H I n " ‘ M ' A TA . T co tata . s , S ow .

S wer b i L . M Ostraza o . y , T. Gold ssii A ﬂ , g .

0 . acumi nat a S o . , w Cardium Buckma nm z, L. M.

O. costata S ow . , C . S tri cklandi , L. M.

Placuno s is s oci alis L. M. p , C. s ubtri onum g , L. M.

Pecten p a ans S ow. g , C ri cardi a os trata yp r , S ow.

P. hemzcos tatus L , . M. C ri na Loweam yp a, L. M

P. arcuatus Sow , . Is ocardia mi nima , Sow. P lens S ow . , . Co bula involata Goldf r , .

P. annulatus S ow . , C M . acnei lii , Mor.

P. ersonatus Goldf. p , C. Gew i llte acata S ow , . Pholadom a de ltoid y ea, Sow. G. ovat e S ow , . ll acites ibbosus y g , Sow.

s . G n . p g .l‘ decurtata P i . , h l .

I/lma du lzcata Sow. p , M s ecur ormi s if , Phil . L . i bb sa S ow g , . Gr essl a ere ri na o y p g , Phil . L . cardt ormz gf s, Sow .

L . im ressa L a M G S RO O p , . . A TE P D A M ti lus ub s lwvi s Sow. y , Patella cin ulata g , Goldf. Modi ola S ow erb ana B onn . M y , r onodonta. ' M. com ressa P p , ortlock Chemmtz ia vari i i ab l s, L. 8: M. ' M. as er a Sow p , . Actce om na Lai i di , Mor. cons um es . 39

F ossi ns f om h RN - ons m ad th u r t e CO BRASH . F r0 m Colle cti e by e S rve y .

F oss s .

CmLE NrE RArA.

T mnas traz a h id ha a rac no es, M. Edw.

C atho hora. P tii y p rat , M. Edw.

ANNULOSA.

ECHINOD E RMATA.

c lites in N u leo Plotm, Kl e

N . clunicularis

' Acros ale nia Wiltom W i h , r g t

MOLL USCA.

B nacm or ona.

ow Terebratula i ntermedia, S . i T. max llata, Sow.

r i thoc e h la ow . T. o n p a , S

T. obovata, Sow.

h nchonella concinna S ow. R y ,

Lm nnnm nauonmm .

Pe cten va ans o . g , S w P mis s u hil . de s , P .

P bro us w. . ﬁ s , So '

L ma. ri idula P il . z g , h

L . inte rs ti nc ta, Phil.

du licata Sow. L . p ,

r ria S ow. Os trea g e a ,

Avicula cc zinata, S ow .

i ow . Phaladomya delto dea, S

s tata oldf. Myaci te decur , G

s cur ormis Phil . M . e if , Phil M calce iformis . . ' tri la S ow. T1 igoma s a ,

a w. T. cos tat , S o

te ali na P i l . As tar e , h

de ress a Goldf. A . p ,

w . Modiola cuneata, So

Are a. Unicardium

Cnr nnnor ona.

halus S chlo Ammonites macrocep , tt

s ow. A. dis cu , S r B NB U 40 GEOLOGY o A RY, E TC.

CHAPTER IV .

MIDDLE OOLITE S .

CLUNCH on Oxr onn CLAY.

- ue c a or s a e Above th e Corn brash com e s a thick m as s of pale bl l y h l , w h s u face w e e and e e n e ds or we athe ring yello at t e r , ith h r th r thi b f a m ne th e C un c C a of Sm h or Oxfo d C a n odule s o e rthy li e sto , l h l y it r l y n o a of s form a on e e are occa of othe r authors . I t he l we r p rt thi ti th r a ca e ous sands one w ow n sands si onally som e b e ds of tough c l r t , ith br , i calle d t he Ke lloway Rock : no trace s of thi s b e d are foun d n the

i K n on owe e P of. P s ﬁn ds a ou pre se nt dis tr c t . Ne ar irtli gt h v r r hillip , b t n f h ll Roc Amm on e s Koen i ii a foss th e horizo o t e Ke oway k, it g , il * characte risti c of this b e d both i n Wi ltshire and Yorkshire . The Oxford Clay cove rs a broad be lt of country t o th e s outh - e as t of ou Wi ne B ce s e an d B uc n am a fe w ou e s occu a line thr gh t y, i t r, ki gh tli r r ood F o n at om e and one at A e e n o of on Whichw re st, o e C b , k l y rth

B uckingham . Ne arly t he w hole of this coun try i s thi ckly cove re d with Drift and “ ‘ T ou e at Le ﬁeld and Ram sde n s e ction s are ve ry scarce . he tli rs a ar c a d e e ua ose a e and e ac an He ath e ppe by high l v l q rtz gr v l, r h

i n of a ou 0 f e . F om e s o nt s comm an d n a. w de e le vat o b t 50 e t r th e p i , i g i n e of coun th e d s an e sca m e n of th e Co a Re an d C a ra g try , i t t rp t r l g h lk

m a be di s i n c ace d for m an m i e s . At Le aﬁeld i n s n n a y t tly tr y l , i ki g

c s a s of se en e we e foun d . Oxfo d C a m a b e o se ve d i n we ll, ry t l l it r r l y y b r old i s on Ha e Comm on but i s m uc m i xe d w D f som e p t il y , it h ith ri t i n Hi L od i n e an d s and . The n ex s e c o i s a ne a e grav l t t th t r gh g , m Par w e e th e c a i s use d for c s an d e s b ut ou h B le n he i k, h r l y bri k til , th g f n d h we ll s e arche d n o fossils we re ou . A t Tackle y He ath t e clay app e ars t o have be e n use d for a sim ilar purpose ; as also on t h e ” n orth s ide of Kirklington Park . B e tw e e n Oxford an d Bice ste r w e have t he dre ary ﬂat of Ot Moor d of s c la an d e on d a a coun s a se form e thi y, b y th t try lightly r i d i nto

oo i n s . I s aw n o s e c on s b ut th e c a i con s n he avy l k g hill ti , l y s ta tly be ing i n d s n d d ai n cu n The c a a turne d up itche a r tti gs . h r cte ris tic fossil ce a di latata m a he of e n foun d i n es x Grgp h y t th e e cav ations . A b ri c k i t on th e B ce s e an d B uc n am oad 3 m e p i t r ki gh r , 5 il s from e s ow e d - ue s a c a e ow s at t o i B i ce st r, h light bl h ly l y, y ll i h p, w th m uch se le nite : abou t a quarte r of a m ile t o t he s outh of this a w e ll was for 50 fe e n o the c a w ou e ac n t h ' sun k t i t l y ith t r hi g e bottom . Oxford: a m a b e se e n i n the t wo a w a c u i n s t o t h e E of Cl y y r il y tt g S . B uckin g

i on an d we a e a ood se c on i n a. ham s tat , h v g ti bri ck pit n e ar Padbury M e e th e c a was s a an d of a da ue co ill, h r l y h ly rk bl lour, w ith large

nodu e s an d se a a of me s one . The n odu e s e de d Am m l pt ri li t . l yi l oni t es ’ ' allovzce nsis B e le mm tes and Gr hce a di latata and h C , , gp , t e clay t he

a e s e and Ammonites J ason . A be d of me s one nodu s l tt r h ll li t le , pe rhaps h e sam e as a us me n one d s ow s i n the a wa u t t th t j t ti , h r il y c t ing half a mile t o th e s outh of t he bri ck pit ; among othe r fos sils it con taine d ° r i m c o nat um and a Pe cte n . A 1 m Ca d u ou e s . 20 E g b t } il S . from Goddin gton church som e drain cuttin gs w e n t through a b e d or be ds o f

ua e l Jou nal of Ge ol . S oc . vol. xvi Q rt r y r . p. 1 1 7. “ " Geol . of th e Count ound Wood s oc . 26 1 ry r t k, p .

42 GE OLOGY or B ANBURY, arc.

— l ons F ossi Ls from the OXF ORD Cai n Surve y Co le cti .

F ossi Ls .

PLANTJE .

Wood P

ANNULOSA.

Ecnm onnnm ra.

. Ophiocoma ' Cidaris or z emm ﬂ g a spin e , Phil.

ANNELIDA.

- Cansm e nA.

As tacus

MOLLUSCA.

Bnacm or ona.

LAMELLIB RANCHIATA .

' tr Os e a s andali na, Goldf.

O. ac uminata h , S y. s 0 . p . Gr haea dilatata b yp , S y.

G. sp . Pec ten brosus h ﬁ , S y.

N ucula e lli tic a Phil . p , Avicula As tarte Pinna mi ti s , Phil. Arca

' Tri onza cos tata Pa g , rk

T. clavellata Pa , rk

' Gasrnnor ona.

' Ros tellar za

Cnr m mor ona. l B e e mnites has tatus , Blainv.

B . abbre viatus Mi lle , r

s . B . p Amm onites cordatus Sh . , y

A . bi lex Sh p , y . ’ A canali culatus . , D Orb .

A. B uncani h . , S y CORALLINE OOLITE . 43

CORALLINE OOLITE .

Two m em e s of h s u are found i n our d s c the Lowe r b r t i gro p i tri t, Ca ca eous G and th e a Ra l r rit Cor l g. L owe r al e Gri t —T f m a n am H C car ous . his or tio consists on Wyth ill an d e we e n He ad n ton an d an on t n f e ow s an ds b t i g St t S . Joh o y ll he re an d the re cem e n te d by carbonate of lim e into calcare ous sands tone s an d r s It i s e c an e e i n c a ac g it . — v ry h g abl h r te r. Cor al Ra . Th e ca fo m of th e Co a Ra i s e ow c um g typi l r r l g a y ll , r bly, s and m e s one a mos e n m ade u a s se a y li t , l t tirely p broke n she lls, cor l , u c ns an d o h an m e m a ns w e an a e - i e r hi , t e r i al r i , ith he r d the re l rge re f l k masse s of co a ds f m o d u r fo und . r l . B e o ore s li bl e lime stone a e also Th e following section take n i n a quarry on the road from Oxford t o o e n i Sh tov r Hill will give a fair ge ne ral o t on of thi s form ation .

in ll w full of ft . in . g s o , e ns 6 O s 0 urchi . 0 6 two b e ds : crowde d 3 4 6 O

The Co a ne o e i s found on W am H a ou the e s of r lli O lit yth ill, b t villag

H e ad n on Elsﬁe ld B e c e an d S an on S t . ohn and se e m s t o b e i gt , , kl y, t t J , ' e e se n e d nd of c a con a n n Os tr e a sandalzna w c h as r pr t by a ba l y t i i g , hi h be e n trace d be twe e n the Oxford an d Kim e ridge Clay up t o t h e base of

Quain ton Hill . tham i l T L we r a ca e ous m a ve Wy H l . he o C l r Grit y be Obse r d cropping out alon g the north ﬂank of t he e scarpm en t be low t he Coral Ra an d a so a on the na ow n e c w c d de s the tw a e as of g, l l g rr k hi h ivi o r t his latte r form ation A se con d outlie r occupi e s a sm all knowl south e as of Sw nfo d B d e and i s c a e d a a en a few s ua e t i r ri g , pp pp r tly by q r a ds f In s ace t h e Ca ca e ous G t a e s t v y r o Coral Rag. thi pl l r ri pp ar o ha e n los t conside rably i n thick e ss . h i n t wo d a a n th m The Coral Rag cap s t e hill e t che d re as . O e ore ar fe w se c on s as t he fo m a on i s c s outhe rly are a the re e ti , r ti ove re d by a t hic k b e d of hi gh - le ve l grave l ; b ut on t h e northe rly portion ab ove are some old ua e s and oad se n h Wytham Wood the re q rri r ctio s . T e n s s of une e n e dde d fossi fe ous me s one or a s one be ds co i t v ly b li r li t r g t , m ose nc a of co a s s e s of ﬁl ollusca and E cki nod e rm at a co p d pri ip lly r l , h ll , Th e c n s of h d ge n e rally i n a fragme ntary s tate . thi k e s t e be s i s he re con side rable b ut ofte n appe ars re ate r than the re ality. The follow in , g — g s n o e c e d f om e se s a a L i tl wdomus i n clusus fo sils have be e c ll t r th tr t , ' ’

s tr ea re ar ia l e c os milza ann ulams Isastraea oblon a. L ima media, O g g , g ' Spin e s an d plate s of Ci dar zs and portion s of S ea-p uke are com m on

This formation agai n run s i nto our district about t h e village s of

n Elsﬁeld B e c e and S an on St . o n and fo m s a low H e adi gton, , kl y, t t J h , r

- a e n e s10 e owa ds th e sou . t able l and, with g tl p t r th Ove r the gre ater part ofthi s p atch th e Calcare ous Grit i s as oftye llowi sh and e e c e m e n e d c a ona e of m e n o e u a brown sand, he re th r t by rb t li i t irr g l r ne The s and h as e e n a e wo e d e we e n E lsﬁ ld laye r s of hard sto . b l rg ly rk b t e in d e s and n nd m a be se e n e se w e e c a u a se c ions . an d B e ckle y, a y l h r it h t r l t e e m e s n o of He ad n on e e i s a s on e At Stow Lodge, thr il rth i gt , th r t pit,

- co ou e d san d and me s one som show in g alte rnations of light l r li t , e of the

” ' One m e E . .E . of B e form e r with thin laye rs of clay . 1 il S ckle y ch urch h ase of t he fo ma on a a d me - ce men e d san ds one w e ﬁnd at t e b r ti h r li t t ,

m dd e of At the sou - wi th a thin band of clay i n the i l it. th eas t e nd o f

he Coun r ound W oods ock . 26 27 Geology oft t y r t , pp , ,

- o Mr hi e t F rom the Note book f . W tak r. B AN B ‘ 44 GE OLOGY OF U RY , E TC .

t n a a e ua i e s the se c on he village of Stan ton St . Joh l rg q rry g v ti be low :

bl lim e s one full of o e n fos sils . 1 . Ye llow rii b Coral Rag . y t br k f e llow an d b own san d cla wi i e ula 2 . Y r y y th rr g r e ds of con c e ion a lim e s one full of b o en J b r t ry t , r k n ' Ca1c . G t 1 0 O s e lls Ost re a s andalzna &c . h , , 0 - 6 im e s on e . 3. Ha d dar blue l r , k t a s on fo m He nce by B re ach F arm t he Calcare ous Grit take s t y r , sands one w th a ca ca e ous ce m e n e t he b e d at showi ng as a hard t i l r t, lik

S tude ly de scribe d be low . un i n ou e s an d h as the e ne a The Coral Rag is fo d s e ve ral tli r , g r l o It m a e s ee n at F o e s H i n a e c haracte r de s cribe d ab ve . y b r t ill ; l rg S q uarri e s betw e e n Woodpe r ry House an d N e w Inn on t he w e s t of tow Wood w e e i t i s e d a fau and i n t he a e ua i e s at He ad n , h r tilt by lt l rg q rr i g t on us b e on d th e sou e n e d e of t h e m a w e e t he o m os b e d , j t y th r g p, h r t p t * i s a f e e s one n ot s e e n e se w e e e e a ou s i n s fo m a on . r t , l h r h r b t thi r ti E vide n ce of the fault r unn ing acros s thi s patch i s foun d at F ore s t H w w e a e t he m e s one of t he Co a Ra at a i e ill, he re h v li t r l g h gh r le ve l than th e L owe r Gre e n San d hard by on t h e road from H e ading t on t o B e c e w e e t h e s an d of th e Ca ca e ous G i i s ou kl y, h r l r r t br ght a a ns o a Ra t he fo m e occu in a e i e oun d an t h e g i t C r l g, r r py g r th r h gh r gr th a an d on t h e w e s of S ow Wood w e e th e Co a B a i s se e n l tte r ; t t , h r r l g d tilte d and shatte re . The re now re m ain s th e somewhat que sti onable con tinuation of this fo m a i n un de t he fo m of a c a ou Wo m n a B oa s a r t o , r r l y, thr gh r i gh ll, r t ll ,

ound Mu ll Hi an d ou D o on t o th e ase of ua n on Hi . r swe ll, thr gh rt b Q i t ll A ou s n e I c an on l e a fe w o se a on s of m ow n m ade b t thi li y giv b rv ti y , du i n s af e th e u i ca i on of t h e m a th e n s of c had r g a vi it t r p bl t p , li e whi h d Mr l h n m fo m o u Po w e le . be e n lai dow by y r e r c lle ag e . “ At S ud e i s a e cu i a b e d of c oude d e c o ou an d e t l y p l r l gr y l r , v ry ou an d de n se e x u e a s o of a i ace ous c e t c i n Pi n nw t gh t t r , rt rg ll h r , ri h , ” Am moni te s an d o e o an c e m a n s . T s b e d un s w a ood , th r rg i r i hi r ith g e sca m e n b Arn rove F a m t o t h e no of a e Pit F a m rp t y g r rth Gr v l r , n i n w e ose s of a t d be yo d w hi ch po t l ight it ltoge the r. I ips ge ntly t o th e c as t b ut w e e i t un s un de t he c a e ds t o t h e e as of or , h th r r r l y b t it,

a se s n o a c a i s not e as t o sa . Imm e d a e lo s s n p s i t l y, it y y i t ly be w thi to e we ﬁn d Oxfo d C a w Gr z hce a di latata an d i s t e e fo e r l y ith '/p , it h r r t h o t om b d of t h e a c a w ithout doubt e b t e C l re ous Grit .

T o t he e as of s i s a n d of e m a e d - ue c som t thi ba v ry rk light bl lay, e ’ i n m an s w a s an d and ace c owde d w Os tr e a s an da zn a. T i h t y, y pl r ith l h s b e d an e s o u W o m n a Oa e and B oa s a an d w as r g thr gh r i gh ll , kl y, r t ll , a a n foun d w i t s ch a ac e s c foss at We st cot an d on m e we s g i ith r t ri ti il , e il t t h e n of of W adde sdon F ie ld . On e s tr gth thi s e vi de nce a belt of this clay h as be e n draw n be tw e e n t h e Kim e ridge an d Oxford Clays up t o t he as - nam e d s o f om w e n ce h as e e n s u l t p t, r h it b ppo se d t o thin aw ay

o ds t he n o - e as an d h as e e n oo e t war rth t, it b l k d up on as th e re pre se nta e of t h e Co a n e Oo te 1 f om i t s osi on n as i t d tiv r lli li , ( ) r p ti , lyi g oes e we en t h e Oxfo d and K m e d e C a s an d d ffe n i n m n b t r i ri g l y , i ri g i e ral c a ac e f om o 2 f om t he a undan f O ’ h r t r r b th ; ( ) r b ce o str e a. s andali n a foun d i n a s e b e n e n fu i n t h e ow e a of th e it, th t h ll i g pl ti l l r p rt Coral B ag.

Th e se c on at S an on St . o n e n on a e 44 m a s ti t t J h , giv p g , y po sibly b e some uide i n fu e un a e i n t h e o s cu i e s of g rth r r v ll g b r ti thi s district . Th e

of St udel m a b e e u a e n of No . 3i n a s e n m m grit y y q iv l t th t ctio , be co e ore e a and th e c a of B oa s a m a o ve e an d rthy ; l y r t ll y rli this grit, re pre se n t

- No . 2 . F u e t o t he n o e as t he St ude l m a di e out and t h rth r rth t y grit y , e

i M m i S e e e o of Ge ol. u e n h S v y o S e et l s e . r r l , p ’ Philli s M nu l of Geol 0 1 p , a a ogy, 3 7. CORALLINE OOLITE . 45 clay be d be all that i s le ft of this form ation ;while still furthe r on this last r e e senta e ma fa and t he Co a n e Oo i e n awa a o e e . pr tiv y il, r lli l t thi y lt g th r

Mr. H. Se e e i n a a e r i n t he e n o ume of the d se e s of l y, p p t th v l thir ri the Anna n f a u Hi s o de sc es a c a cal e d ls and Magazi e o N t ral t ry, rib l y l “ hi m th a w c h e e a ds as t h e ace ous con by e Te tworth Cl y, hi h r g r argill tem porary of the Oxford Oolite i n Hun ti ngdon shire and it m ay be t f a a hat this is t he e quival e n t of t he clay o Worm inghall and B o rs t ll. — F ossi Ls from th e CORAL RAG an d CAL CARE OU S Gama F rom t he u e c on s S rvey Coll ti .

FOSSILS .

ANNULOS A.

' ‘ ECB INODE RMAI A. Pe ntacri nus

ANNE LIDA.

Cansr acnn . Glyp hcea

MOLLU SCA .

B RACHIOPODA. v rians Sh loth Rhynchonella a ,

LAMELLIB RANCH IATA .

l df. Os trea S andalina, Go s 0 . p . ‘ re arza Sow. 0 . g g ;

Gr he a dilatata S ow. yp , ,

G . sp.

ui alvis Sow. Avicula ine q p ,

A. sp.

bros us Sow. Pecten ﬁ ,

e ualis Sow. holadomya q , gsl

la ow . Are a:quadrisulca , S

A. sp .

i artita Sow. M odiola b p , ’ Thraci a or Anati na ta Inoceramus Pinna quadra , (

e lat Sow. P. lanc o a, Myacites N ucula

Gasr nnor ona.

m Sow. Pleurotomaria reticulu ,

’ CEPHALOI ODA .

’ ' us Mill . B elemm tes abbremat ,

B . sp. s Sow. Ammonites cordatu ; ' brahs S ow. A. verte , ' ow. A Lamberti , S ’ D Orb . A. Mari ta, 46 GE OLOGY or B AN -BU RY , E TC .

CHAPTER V .

UPPE R OOLITE S .

Ki i i E Ri DGE CLAY .

~ du e s e s ff s a c a w t hi n b e ds and n o Thi s i s a dark blue , v ry ti . h ly l y, ith l

of e arthy lim e st on e . d e d o ve W i ou i e s of It i s foun d ove r a be lt of country s tu d r th tl r

n d e ds i n t he so u - e as e n a of the dis i ct . Portl a B , th t r p rt tr w unde con si de a i on , T he re are n o good se c ti on s i n th e coun try n o r r t f ic - i s ab out b ut t he form ation is b e auti fully laid ope n i n ple nty o br k p t

m a . F m He adin t on ua i e s s b e on d t h e s ou e n e d e of th e p o g q rr , j u t y th r g r i a e d it s i c n e s s at - l e s m se cti on s on t he n orth w e st o f S hoto ve r Hi l I t t th k s e ac e s ab o u 40 fe e b ut P ofe s s o P i i s e s m e a i t s om e m e t t, r r h ll p t ll th t ti r h t 1 3fe e f om t h e b o om a a e of n odu a double that am oun t. Ab ou t r tt l y r l r

' s n i n o ne o f t he i c - s an d e a e arthy lim e s t on e m ay b e e e br k pit , . gr t quan t i t ie s of s e le nite are oft e n foun d i n t h e clay . f th e Ki m e In t he coun try about Ayle sb ury w e ge t be t te r se cti on s o m e moi d e Cla and a un dan ce of fossi s e se w b e de sc e d i n a ri g y, b l th ill rib r n 4 o She e t 6.

H . GR E EN . A .

B . - F om th e W . s de of E CLAY N . Pos en s from t he KIMERID G , i rill r i n s S urve y Colle ct o .

CR US T A C E A . Avi cula.

Pi nna ranulat a Sh . A t cus g , y s a .

Pi nna S . , p

Cardium s tri atulum Sh . B RA C H IO PO DA . , y

Ar e a. ula ovalzs Sb . n , y i Sh . Astart e Har twe lli ens s, y

' ‘ Thracza. LA M E L L IB B A N CH IAI A .

C E PH A L O PO D A .

' Ammonit es bi lea Sb . p , y

“ PORTLAND B E D Sﬁ

n a l di v ded n o t w o a s th e u e c a ca Thi s form ation i s ge e r l y i i t p rt , pp r l

h sand . In s d s c owe e th e d v si on e we e n re ous , t e low e r y thi i tri t h v r i i b t

t h e pale cre am - coloure d Portlan d Lim e s ton e an d th e light buff Port s m a e d as e e are of e n e ds of m e l an d S and i s n ot alway well rk , th r t b li

n n a T s m co e a ue Mr . G e e n n ds t o b e e s to e i the l tte r . hi y ll g r ﬁ v ry de ci de dly t h e case i n t he district t o t h e e ast ( She e t t h e s an ds an d

' ' lim e s tone s be ing the re foun d i ndifi e r e n tly on all horizons throughout

t h e form ation . The m ain m ass of t his form ation take s up a s pace of a fe w s quare

m h e sou -e as e n co ne of th e d s c i t s oun da unn n ile s at t th t r r r i tri t, b ry r i g n a a t o t e cou f the T am e an d at a d s ance of f om a e rly par lle l h rse o h , i t r ua e t o a f a m e f om th e e t o t h e radual we ari n c ti on of q rt r h l il r riv r, g g a w hich we m ay conclude that t he e scarpm e n t of t h e Portlan d B e ds and th e se a a ion of th e ou ie s of Lon C e ndon an d t h e W n c e ndon s

p r t tl r g , r i h

are o n . The t o of t h m n i s fo m e d the m e s on e wi g p e e scarp e t r by li t , ca e d i n a s e fo m a ons an d t h e ow e s an d d s on pp p rt by high r r ti , l r y ivi i

' It was i n 1 85 7 that I mappe d som e of the Portland and Lowe r Gre ensand out

li e s i n thi s coun . I had th e n ve li le e olo i cal ex e i ence whi ch m us be the r try ry tt g g p r , t '

e xcuse for he se n ot ve de aile d no e s . M coll a ue Mr Hull an d m fo m t ry t t y e g . , y r e r ' colle a ue s Mr B Mr w no e s . auerm an an d . Polwhele h ave le f but fe of the a s g , t t p rt whi ch th e y m appe d I have th erefore largely use d the old an d—we ll- kn own paper of Dr . F it on who mus ave examine d hi s di s ri c ve ca ef ull W . WHITAKE t , t h t t t ry r y R . PORTLAND B E DS. 47

o s out a le wa d T e e are s one - s e e and g p litt y own the slope . h r t pit h r e re .

Out lie rs .

The t wo m ost m arke d fe atur e s i n t he s outh - e astern p art of the dis . t ri ct MuSwe ll and B H s are ow n t o ou n a c e s of h s , rill ill , i g tlyi g p t h t i fo m a on ca e d b Lowe G e e ns an d wi e a s a e n a e r ti pp y r r , th p rh p v ry thi l y r f th o e Pu e c B e ds e we e n. T s u r m a e d o b rb k b t he e o tliers a e well rk , b th y the ri se of t he ound w e e t he i he ds om e on an d th e m an gr h r h g r be c , by y s ri n s a ﬂow f om em th a n n out the p g th t r th , e w te r b ei g throw by K m e d e a i ri g Cl y below.

Musw e ll Hill — ne a e a s to . Dr .F i tt on s ays that the Portland Sto pp r ” b e w an n h e a “ wi e e n ar ti g e r , b ut th t the re i s Portland S an d th gr p ” i d e s an d foss s . I e w e v n c on of m e s one t , il hav ho e r se e a se ti li t be ne ath the m any coloure d clays an d s ands of the Lowe r Gre e n san d i n a e d t he oad u th ll f om B ac o n and - at o e ac e s . ﬁ l by r p e hi r l kth r , th r pl

— - r i n s ou e . B i ll . T he re are m any se c tion s of th e Portlan d B e ds thi tli r F n of w i c m a Dr . itto h as p ublishe d an account of th e ﬁrs t h h y e a s a e e n t th am e a e as t he fo ow n a i e w a out p rh p h v b e a e s pl c ll i g, l ttl y of th e v la e M ll H and e we e n t h e oad and il g on the road t o us we ill, b t r t he W in dm ill 1

ft .

Lowe abou 1 0 r Gre en san d. t Po lan d S one w a in s al la e Pu ec at t o rt t , ith th h y y r ( rb k p , an d a two or three inch layer o f dark slate - coloure d cl ay t wo 'fe e t l d ower own .

Po lan d S an d of w ic e e is s own a ou . rt , h h th r h b t By th e roadsi de lower down the re i s Kim eridge Clay . ’ r F on s c n em t o ve a e a e c ne ss an t h e a o e D . itt s e tio s se gi gr t r thi k th b v th e P n h fo n de a s are a e n f om hi s a e 0 ortland Sto e . T e llowi g t il t k r p p r

2p .

nd Grey sa . Clay with yellow ochre in th e lower part . ’ c e dull s om e fulle s ea i n the lowe Ye llow o hr , , r rth r

part . ’ e e nis - e fu e s e a th e Thinly be dde d, gr h gr y ll r rth ; ] lowes t part som etim e s w ith thin seams of coaly

m atter ; fragm e nts of she lls . Thin be dde d alte rn at ion s of dark- grey and light

coloured san dy clay. ’ ma e of en b e dde d coarse fu e s Greenish tt r, t , ll r

- 3in . t o 1 ft . d by a ve ry large

m o e s an d an a a o e . Compact grit, r y th th t b v

Grey clay.

one in two e ds . Lim es t , b i White lime stone (fos s ls ) .

c a full of f a m e n s of o s e s ells . Brownish l y, r g t y t r h G e s Good stone for b uilding . r y Alternations of i ndifferen t stone and yellowish- grey ab ou 9 0 sand (fossils) . t Portlan d San d nd e d w t h e Po and If th e alte rnations of stone an sa b classe ith rtl t he Po an d S one th e t c ne ss of the a e S and i n ste ad of with rtl t , hi k l tt r

ans . e ol . S oc 2d se ies vol. iv. . 283. Tr G . r , p ' Ibid. . 280 281 . 1 p , 48 GE OLOGY OF B ANB U RY, ET C.

L m e s on e an ds do occu i n th e will agre e with that gi ve n ab ove . i t b r n d n d n d i e fo e of e n d fﬁcu t o d aw an e xac ne ' Portla S a , a it s the r r t i lt r t li be twe e n the se divi sion s of t h e Portlan d B e ds i n fac t i t i s som e tim e s doubtful whe the r th e divisi on holds e ve rywhe re .

- W . of t he chu c I s aw a In a sm all pit about t wo thirds of a mile S . r h n umbe r of ste p - faults i n t he lim e s ton e the y w e re shown by t w o shaly

a e s and n o ne h ad a e a e ow an t wo fe e . l y r , gr t r thr th t F ig .

he P r an d S ton e B r ill . D i ag r am S e c ti on of s m all F au lts i n t o tl ,

T e s e m t e a sm f P and S an d at R ds H l he r e s o b ve ry all patch o ortl i il ,

u m i E Of B i . abo t a le N . . r ll — Chi lton an d L ong Cr e n don T hi s i s an outli e r of Portlan d Ston e

an d San d w a atc Of Low e G e e n san d and an o e of Gau t . , ith p h r r th r l

Dr . F i on h as ive n a se c on n e a Lon C e ndon of w ic th e tt g ti r g r , h h follow ing i s an abstrac t

m d i i Loa y clay. ( r ft or so l ?)

' Lowe G e e n san d. Ueln e fe u inous m a e an d cla . r r , rr g tt r y Rul l sla li m e s on e an d cla : n o ic n es s ty t , y th k Purb e ck B e ds (2) giileffi Portlan d Ston e with fos sils San d u bl e b s on e &c . , r y gr y t , Po t lan d S and ' r . Gree nish- grey san d Kim id la er ge C y b e neath . About a m ile south Of Long Cre n don the re i s a sm all o utlie r of

Portl and S an d . — C/ze ar s leg/ and N e the r "Wi n che ndo n The ran ge of hill n orth of e se a e s i s fo m e d a m ass of t h e Po an d B ds w t wo s m a th vill g r by rtl e , ith ll at e s of Lowe n s n Lim p ch r Gre e a d. e s ton e i s show n along t he highe r parts (that of Wi n che n don Hill se e m s t o b e se p arate from t h e large r

m as s. on t h e w e s t san d w s one ow e do n im d ) , ith t l r w , and the n K e ri ge

- C a . The oad cu n dow n t he i a m m t l y r tti g h ll, r the r ore than half a ile o t h e w e st of Ne e W n c e n don c u c s ows Po n an d t h owe th r i h h r h, h rtla d S , e l r a b u s an d som e w a en ac ous an d as s n a n o t he p rt l i h h t t i , p i g gr dually i t K m d e a i e ri g Cl y be n e ath . Ove r Wi nche ndon — Thi s o e i s a e t utli r b r ly Se parate d from h e last, de e d n be ing in o th e s am e ran ge ; an d he re also s tone i s shown along t h e t o an d san d wi s one on hill p, th t the ﬂan k . A m r m ile o ore of Ove r Wi n che ndon the re se e m s t o b e a sm all a c of Po an d S an d a of p t h rtl , p rt whi ch lie s i n th e di stri ct t o t he e ast

S e e 46 S . W ( h t ) . Ash n don —A e quarry on thi s outlie r n e ar t he village showe d the following be ds

’ F - om Mr. Baucrman s No e o r t b ok .

A 50 GE bLoe Y or B NBU RY , ar e .

PURBECK B EDS .

Th e change from the thi ck- be dde d uniform lim e stone s of the Port

s to th e Pur e c ou of h n - e dde d me s tone s and c a s land Se ri e , b k gr p t i b li l y ; re a e an d w e e n t he s ace of a few fe e we a e no t wo of whi ch a lik , h r i p t h v as m any change s i n t he m in eral characte r of the be ds as can be W ell e s k n an d e e n i n the a s e nce of fos s w ou d s e e coun te d, i s v ry tri i g, v b sil l rv to di stingui sh t he t wo form ati ons . The se be ds howe ve r are b ut little se e n i n the pre se nt country from ' Cuddington e as twards the re 1 8 a p atch of Purbe ck cove re d i n part by Lowe r Gre e n sand,an d Half- a- m ile w e stward of H adde nham church i s ' d In th ad o n a sm all outli e r alsopartlyhi de n by Low e r Gre ens an d. e j i W ar m n ood s e c on s i n s fo ma n c w n m 46 S . . e a o w i g ap ( ) y g ti thi r ti , hi h ill i n un b e de scribe d n a Me m oir o that co try . — f sam e ds on s ou e w os a i dou f Quai nton . O e b thi tli r h e ge s ve ry bt ul “ F on s a s The ou c a s n e a t h e un c on of t he ncum e n Dr . itt y , t gh l y r j ti i b t s trata with t he Portlan d B e ds are w e ll see n i n t he he ights '

uai n t oii . It I d fﬁcu or m s b n m se s o about . Q S i lt i po si le 1 so e ca t de te rmine whe the r the y are t o b e re fe rre d t o th e F ulle rs E a1 th of

h Lowe e e nsand t o . th e W e a d n H n an d t e r Gr , l Clay a d as ti gs S ” e n h i or t o the Purbe c k S erie s . F urth r o e give s th e follow in g se ct on of e s e e ds and th e Lowe G ee ns an d at ua n on abou a fu on th b r r Q i t , t rl g . ” f th e dnan c ta on e ast o Or e S ti .

ft . i n . Re d san d with concretion s of hard fe rrugi n ous con glom erate ; e at h e b o m ochr t tto . Al na ions of cla an d san d ownis an d e ter t y , br h gr y.

- F u e s e a wax li e as at B ill s e e . 4 ll r rth, k , r , ( p 7) w sa d n d la Wh1t e an d bro n n a c y . l e na ion s of w i e e ddis an d el owis ands i A t r t h t , r h, y l h s with th n

cla - layers of grey y. 4 0 t o “ Da b own c a Blac Di . rk r l y, k rt na ion f ou e an d an Alter t s o t gh gr y clay s d. G ee nis san d said t o b e r h , The b e ds n e x b e ow ob scu e but sai d t t l r , o be ” Blac Di ou e cla . k rt, t gh gr y y ” G e Di e san d cla wi f a m n f s r y rt, gr y y y th r g e ts o hell s . Ha d S on e s an d i an d s an ds one wi ala i r t , y gr t t th P d na an d Cyclas has b e e n foun d i n m as ses 5 fee t thick and 15 l e lon fe t g .

' The following s till lowe r be ds w e re show n in anothe r part o f the i unde re d s an d and a d fe u nous on h ll, r h r rr gi c glom e rate e a s Lowe G e e n sand and are c asse d as Pu e p rh p r r , l rb ck by Dr. F itton .

ft . i n . ee w e san d an d c a fu of de co t , hit l y, ll mpose d shell s i n

ﬂyere . ” Pen dle ssi e ooli ic s one w C ri s , ﬁ l t t , ith yp , &c.

As th e a e of e se e ds 1 s dou fu and g th b bt l, as the y cannot b e t rac ed w ce a n e ave e en ace d on h m ith rt i ty, th y h b p l t e ap with t he Lowe r

e n and r F i i Gre s ; D . tton g ve s the foll owing fossils from the m

C clas im ession s of. ua n on at the e s a f t y , pr Q i t , pit high t p rt o he hill. in e calcife ous H n gr y r grit, ardst o e . Paladi na elon ate S ow Im e i g , . pr ss ons .

S e lt; Con e Hill . Iu re unifo m y m . 0 gr y r rit i ‘ C cle s arva. ua n on . We s e n it m , e Pen y p Q t t r p t dle .

a a e s ecies . Hadden am I . n s at li l rg p h l y meston e .

T an ol s. Ge . Soc. 2d se i es ol. iv r r , v . pp. 286, 290. e nne nous B E DS . 5 1

’ C ris 9 Valdenszs . S ow uain on yp . Q t . ie s s e c unce t ai n. u i p r Q a nton . M d " o i ola. uain n A sm all e cie i n Q to . s p s tough san dy clay in the b ott om ’ ’ of t he e a ove t h e Pe n dle H th, r . M ti ai n n y lus . Qu to

Paludina. D o . In the e un ifo m gr y r grit .

Uni o. Do .

Fis ve e b ae . Con e Hill . In calcife ous ri h rt r y r g t .

s cale s . uain on . Pit at t o of th e ill i n t h e Hardst on e Q t p h , . ,

HAPT C ER V I.

RET E C AC OU S B E DS .

LOW E a GR E E N S AND .

In s d s c th e Lowe G e en san d c ons s s of s an ds for t h e m os thi i tri t r r i t , t

a fe u n ous w on - an d on an d i n s one m an o u d p rt rr gi , ith ir s st e ro t y c lo re c s an d f It is n lay ulle rs e arth ; an d som e tim e s be ds of ochre . pre se t on i n t he fo m of ly r outlie rs . F orest Hi ll — . A sm all patch of thi s form ation i s he re brought ale a ns t h e o a a f ag i t C r l R g by a fault w ith a down throw of about 30 e e t . N e a I- Iadde nh am are fo u sm a ou e s of i s fo m a ion t w o on t he r r ll tli r th r t ,

w e s an d two 0 11 th e e as of th e vi a e an d t o the n o - e as i s a a e t t ll g , rth t l rg r m ass w hich r uns i nto t he coun try on the e as t ( She e t 46 an d i s

cappe d by Gault . A sm all p atch of Gre e nsand caps t he Purbe ck B e ds j us t w e s t of

C uddin g-t on . ' us we ll l ] zll —T e ca n f L n and on s i con M . h ppi g o owe r Gree s thi h ll s s s of s an for t h e m os a re d s om e e ow w i i ron sandst one i t d, t p rt , y ll , th som e m e s i n ar e m asse s an d c a da an d a e ue w i i s an d ( ti l g ) l y, rk , p l bl , h t h

- d It i s s w n a o n t he oads ove th e i . orange coloure . ho l g r r h ll — us o u s i de th e vi a e on th e oad t o Musw e ll H i e e are B r i ll . J t t ll g , r ll , th r ne of e m s ow e d 1 85 a e n a i on s o f a e pits i n this form ation . O th h ( 9) lt r t p l n da ue c a s i n a s a an d i n a san d w i s an ds an d i n a d rk bl l y , p rt h ly p rt y, th th m o f th da s a e oo s l i e Oxfo d C a and laye rs of o chr e s o e e rk h l l k k r l y, ‘ In ano e I saw n o i n but s om e of th e blue clay lik e Gault. th r pit th g as i n th e u e a o wn e ow blue clay and i n a third the re w pp r p rt br , y ll , san d w i i n a e s of c a b e ow i s san d a am an d gre y th th l y r l y l th , p rtly l i

h of a ve e e n c a w i a. n n at e d the n si x or e ight i nc es ry bright gr l y, th thi i d n a e och re ous l aye r at t ap the n a thi n laye r of irons tone an the p l s i s ar e w o e d for c s and i e s an d I e i e e ye llow clay . The e p t rk bri k t l , b l v that p otte ry also i s m ade fr om t he s tiff clays . ’ i ons se c on s at B m a a e ee n at th e same The ﬁrst of Dr . F tt ti rill y h v b Hi s de a s are — ‘ place as th e abov e . t il 1

yellow san d . layers of ferruginous s an d an d clay.

e w i is and fe u i nous sand, wi Black , gr y, h t h, rr g th e ﬂake s of yell ow ochr . ’ - cla fulle s e a e en Layer of wax lik e y ( r rth), gr ,

e ll ow an d e ddi s . y , r h

e sin in ﬁrm n e s s lowe down . San d, incr a g r n Portlan d Sto e .

u ve Me moi on She e 1 3 . 8 . S e e Ge ol. S r y r, t , p

‘ i l iv. . 280 . eol. Soc . 2d se e s vo . 1 Trans . G r , p B ANB URY E Tc. 5 2 GEOLOGY or ,

- f h a e s owe d t he fo owin e ds A nothe r se ction south we s t o t e vill g , h ll g b of this form atio n

ft . in . ft . in .

S nd w i e at t o ellow an d fe u in ous b elow 6 O t o 7 0 a , h t p, y rr g Gravel (E) with con cre tion s of carstone ne san dsto ) .

ll w o e of oo d uali us e d i n com m e ce . Ye o chr , g q ty, r “ Cla with thin b an ds of ochre .

Li bluis - e cla n o m o e s own an g t h gr y y, r h th

s b e d an e n i e e e was found About si x fe e t dow n ( i n th e la t ) t r tr ,

i x d i e s . The un a ou a con ve rte d in to lign i te m uch m e w th pyrit tr k , b t f i n di a an d fu 40 fe e on la a m os o i on a oot me te r ll t l g, y l t h r z t lly an d bran c he s e xte n de d t o about 1 0 fe e t be y on d i t on both s ide s B n a t h e e i t h ad e e n asce ai ne d b o n a c a of e e th e tr , b rt y b ri g , th t l y, ” - ou e x n de d t o ab ou 1 2 fe e i n de . col r, te t t pth

‘

A n o e ne a ave t h e s e ction on . 47. th r pit, r by, g p ’ F itt on s s o ws a c ne ss of 25 The ﬁrst of the se se ction s of Dr. h thi k Th e o a c n e ss ow e e m us b e m o e fe e t of Low e r Gre e n sand . t t l thi k h v r t r

an s as t he s a e n ot at the i e s a of th e i l . th thi , pit r h gh t p rt h l

San d i s also show n alon g the r eads .

a d b Low e G e e n san d for t h e de ai s of Quai nton H ill i s c ppe y r r , t l

whi ch s e e page 50 . The re i s a patch of t h e s an d of thi s form ati on c appi n g th e Portlan d o u e of e a s e on t h e i n o ~w e s o f a vi a e w e e s and tli r Ch r l y, h ll rth t th t ll g , h r i s s how n alon g the ro ads an d the re se e m s t o b e a sm alle r an d thi n ne r

- o utli r t t he n o h e as t a o e Pi o s . e a little o rt , b v g tt

W I W H TAKE . . R

GAUL T .

T i s is a c m ass of a e ue c a som e m e s s a of e n w h thi k p l bl l y, ti h ly, t ith — Th e m o d w hite y brow n phosphatic n odule s . re e taile d de s cripti on m ust b e ut off i w e ave t o a e i n an d the m am m ass of t h e fo m a on p t ll h t k h r ti , about half a square m ile of w hi ch li e s i n t he south - e ast corn e r of t he e se n coun at A s on S an dfo d b ut of w i c a m uc a e pr t try, t r , h h h l rg r spre ad i s foun d i n t h e adj oi ni ng di strict ( m ap T e e are a so ou ie s I on t h e i n o of Lon C e n don 2 h r l tl r , ( ) h ll rth g r , ) ' (

n o - e as of H adde n am an d 3 a on th e ine of t h e rth t h , ( ) l g l high road from t he sou of Cuddi n on un n n e as w a ds n o t h e ad o ni n th gt , r i g t r i t j i g m ap 4 W Th n o e n oun da of th e a ( 6 S . . ) e rth r b ry l tte r run s parall e l t o th e i oad an d a fe w c ai n s t o t h e n o of w i e o n h gh r , h rth it, h l t he s o uth th e c a a e s u a e a e s ace an d i s s own at t he i n l y t k p gr t r p h k l . W e se e i n th e pre s e n t country i n stan ce s of th e m an n e r i n whi ch t he Gau l a t h L ow e G e e n sand t he fo m e at im lt ov e r p s e r r , r r t e s r e sti ng on t h e Po an d S on e w o u an ace of th e a e or th e Pu e rtl t ith t y tr l tt r rb ck be twe e n . All i s owe e i s far e e s own e we e n A e s u an d L th , h v r, b tt r h b t yl b ry e ighton B u a d an d w be de sc e d at e n i n a m e mo on zz r , ill rib l gth ir that di strict . - POST PL IOCE NE . 5 3

CHAPTER V II.

POST - PLI E E D RI T OC N OR F , V ALLEY GRAV ELS , AND L M AL UVIU .

U n de s e ad we a e i n th e e se n di s t he c a s nd a r thi h h v pr t tri ct, l y a gr ve ls of th e B ou de or G acia e od th e L ow e e or V a e a e l r l l p ri , l v l ll y Gr v ls of a e da e an d t he m o e m od n A u m l t r t , r e r ll vi u .

Th e s as th e e ade w a e ad a e a e e d an d as th e e o ﬁr t, r r ill lr y h v g th r g o ca su e o s oon ﬁnds t o hi s cos are w i de s e ad o e a e a l gi l rv y r t, ly pr v r gr t

a o f t un The n o - w s n ua e of t he s e e i s p rt h e co try. rth e te r q rt r h t s ingularly fre e from drift;b ut a little patch of grave l lie s on t he t op of t he a t h e B an u o o In t he W oods oc d s c hill bove b ry w rkh use . t k i tri t H all a l i h e n d an d m o om w e le arn from Mr . th t a l t he h g r grou s t pr i n e n t e le vation s are c appe d by grave l con si sting pri n cipally of ro un de d

ua e e s b ut i n w i c e e a so occ u n o ns on e an d a . q rtz p bbl , h h th r l r ﬂi t, h r t , tr p T s a e i s a com an d e ds o f e ow s an d an d u s c a hi gr v l c p i e by b y ll bl i h l y, t he form e r ge n e rally pre s e ntin g e vide n ce of curre n t ac tion from t he

‘ fi n d ese ds on W am H i at a e of u w a ds n orth . We th be yth ll , h ight p r of 500 fe e on Roun d Cas t e Hi so of B adon on Le a e ld t, l ll, uth l , ﬁ B a o Ram de n He a an d th e i o un d fo m e d of Oxfo d rr w , s th, h gh gr r r n d n T e e i Clay at Kirklington an d B le tchi g o . h r s th ere fore n o doubt that it on ce form e d a con ti nuous cove ri ng e xte n di ng t o all oi n s an d a has s u s e ue n b e e n e m o e d de nu the se p t , th t it b q tly r v by dation from those parts of th e di s tri ct whi ch are be low a ce rtain ” at le ve l .

I i h owe ve r i n t h e n o - e as e n a of th e di s c a the t s, , rth t r p rt tri t th t B oulde r B e ds show i n gre ate s t force ;t o t h e e ast of a li ne through Gre t M x u an d H a dwi c th e w o e of th e coun w orth, B rackle y, i b ry, r k h l try m w ith t he e xce ption of t h e de e pe r valle y s i s thickly cove re d with the .

Thre e ve ry dis ti nct form s occur

1 Cle an a e ls wi ou an adm ix u e of cla . . gr v , th t y t r y ‘ blue cla wi few ebble s an d e e an d e e la e , an ula 2 . S tiﬁ y, th p , h r th r rg g r,

ice - s cratche d boulders .

Cla e and di t avels . 3. y y r y gr

i n t he c e an a s ar of A v e ry large proporti on of t he p e bbl e s l gr ve l e

ﬁin t s com e ne x i n num e and w e occas on a . Ooliti c ro ck s, chalk t b r, i lly s oc s of s a e an d i ne ous oc s and sm a m e e t with quartz pe bble , bl k l t g r k , ll

i e . pie ce s of g ne iss an d gran t

s e n fu a ou Ha dw c a on a an d T he se be ds are foun d m o t pl ti lly b t r i k l g b , oad unni n f om F i nme e t o B uc n am an d about half a mi le br , r g r r ki gh

on S ow e and A e e . roun d Maids Mort , t , k l y

h m os a w e ounde d an d not e a e Th e pe bble s are far t e t p rt ll r v ry l rg ,

e a f- an u a o c s an d e e i s w e - m a e d w ith a fe w larg r, h l g l r bl k , th r ll rk dd n th e s e c e ow of a a e it at though v e ry irre gular be i g ; k t h b l gr v l p de a of th e e ne a oo of e se e ds . Tinge wick will give an i g r l l k th b

ound Woods oc Mems. of Ge ol. Su e . 27. Geology of the Country r t k ( rv y) , p E LOG or B ANB URY E TC. . 54 G O Y ,

The be ds on th e le ft are grave ls of differe nt de gre e s of coar se ne ss an d e m uc t h r f of c e an san d v ry h false be dde d on e right a e b e ds o s t, l ,

c osse d a sm a l fau w ave s a o e and e ow . r by l lt, ith gr l b v b l

A ve ry. fine se ction was also lai d ope n be hind the B uckingham w ork ouse w c nd e e h , hi h showe d about 40 fe e t of fine grave ls and sa v ry irr u a g l rly s tratifie d and this i s t h e form which the se grave ls m ostly take . We do owe e m fin d n f ma f co a se a e , h v r, so e time s co use d sse s o very r gr v l , " made u of a a f- an u a c s s e d to e w ou an p l rge, h l g l r blo k , to s ge th r ith t y r osr - PLIOCENE.

a oac t o o de oo n m uc th e e a s of de li t ppr h r r, l ki g v e ry h like h p bri s that e a t h e foot of oc ff - uch a ave n r ky cli s on t he se a shore . S gr l m ay b e se e us ou s de B uc n am on th e oad t o on a fo d n ot a ua j t t i ki gh r St y S tr t r , q rte r of a m e f om t h e ﬁn e e dde d a e us m e n one d e i n d t h e w o il r b gr v l, j t ti , b h rk A u F xco and Ma ds M n r house . bo t o tt i orto the se grave ls a e large ly w o e d an d w e ave e e ood i n s an c s of con o e d e ddi n w c rk , h th r g t e t rt b g, hi h f‘ i s n ot un com m on i n the se dep osi t s A s ke tch i s give n be l ow of a F x n d an grave l pit n e ar o cott w he re th e be ds are all b ut ve rti cal , a othe r s till m ore re m arkable case of folde d b e ds at Tile House F arm n e ar

B ucki n gham .

— ‘ l e i r l r at d and ontort e d Gr ave l F oxcol c . F i . 3. S c tion n ude S t e C g y iﬁ ,

imme i n th e ua te l J ou nal of Ge olo i cal S oc i e vol . vn . . 22 S e e Mr . Tr r Q r r y r g ty, p , “ ” L e ll On th e Anti uit of Man . 222; 30 S ir C . y , q y , p 5 6 GE OLOGY or BANB URY , E TC .

W e give one m ore se ction which shows we ll the ve ry i rre gular b e d di n of g the se de posits .

V -

NE UB Y ar e . 58 GEOLOGY or B A ,

' n - ua e e s a d an d on the high ground of Whit tle wood F ore st . Q rtz p bbl a e s an d e e s of th e oca oc s ﬂi nt s are ple ntiful in the se claye y gr v l , p bbl l l r k com parative ly scarce . e d i n o Whe n the drift of ce n tral Englan d has bee n m ore large ly look t , fo ms it m ay b e possible t o form s om e n otion what re lation these thre e r i n the n . b e ar t o one an othe r and t o t he corre sponding de posits orth ' ' n i e A t - i n e sa d on th e m a e ou h s not u p re se nt l ttle c a b i tt r, th g it i l k ly a t he c an ave s t h e c a s w fe w e e s an d th e c a ey th t le gr l , l y ith p bbl , l y a e s are on di tfe re n t s a es of t h e sam e de os ou a ou gr v l , ly h p p it, br ght b t by ’ d dow n . Or a di He re n ce i n th e local con dition s unde r which i t w as lai

' The e b e s i n h e B ou de t he followi ng the ory m ay b e haz arde d . p bl t l r d u n de i n ave Clay are m ostly fore igne rs an d it i s ofte n foun rly g gr l , a It m a h e e fo e b e t he th ough thi s i s by no m e ans always th e c se . y t r r f W l de l ‘ an e olde s t of t h e dri ft de pos its an d m ay form e rly have be e n o r g ds an d T h e s m a ave e e n fo me d . af e wa , than at pre se nt . e grav l y h b r t r r while t h e b ulk of the n cam e from t he Ooli ti c rocks of t he n e ighbour e d th e oo d th e de n uda i on of the B ou de C a m a a e fu n s , h , t l r l y y h v r i h quartz pe bble s and ﬂi nt s and th e cl ay b e ds foun d he re an d the re lyi ng The fac a a ave i s c e an or di m a de e n d am ong th e grave ls . t th t gr l l rty y p

- it w as a d down an d partly on t he n ature of t h e se a b ottom on w hi ch l i , partly on t he amoun t of t h e olde r B oulde r Clay that w as m ixe d up it w ith .

o - ve or r av l T e s e a e s are com ose d nc L w le l Valley G e . h gr v l p pri i f t h d f t h n d n o i c s a a and oc cu os pally o e e trit us o e surrou i g o l ti tr t , py p i ti ons n ot e xce e di ng 300 fe e t or th e re abouts ab ove th e s e a le ve l . Ele phant rem ai ns ( prob ably those of E lep has p r i m ig e ni as ) are found a un d n i n a very b a tly this gr vel . At A sc o i n th e a e of th e E ve n o de i n e xcava n th e a e tt, v ll y l , ti g gr v l He e for th e railw ay t h e ske le ton of a fossil e le phan t w as di s cove re d . r th e rel ati ve positi on of th e olde r and n e we r grave ls m ay b e we ll oh

”-6 ff n e of e e b e se e d and h as ee n a e ad us a e d . Th e di e e c rv , b lr y ill tr t r l v l tw e e n th e quartzose grave l at Le aﬁe ld B arrow and t he e le phan t grave l In t h e of t h e valle y of t he Eve n lode at As cott i s about 250 fe e t . valle y of t he Wi n drush w e m ee t thi s grave l again be twe e n Duckl ington d i n At Han o ou h ﬁnd i t e s n on t h e o n as at an an W t e y . b r g we r ti g C r br h i n n n Ro d a i on unusually h gh e le vation . At Yar to a d W oods tock a st t d s c ons a e e n e n d u i n th e a e of i s e od occu goo e ti h v b e op e p gr v l th p ri , i T e se e ds are pyi ng e le vat ons of abo ut 240 fe e t above t he s e a. h b om se d in c a f L ass c and o c e e s e n e a sm a c po pr ip lly o i i O liti p bbl , g r lly ll W a w o n o f ss s as Gr k ce ce Te r e br t ulae and ounde d . e o c o a r t r r liti il , yp , , ' B e le mm te s are a so t o be foun d b ut n o s el s e on in t o t he e i od , l , h l b l g g p r

“ at whi ch the grave l w as form e d ; th e only re pre se ntative of that e poch ’ e in f a m e n s of e e an s us s . B e si de s f a m e n s of oca oc s b g r g t l ph t t k r g t l l r k , e e are e es de e d f om th e m o e anc e n d ft suc as ua z th r p bbl riv r r i t ri , h q rt ,

n an d o n s one w c ave om e re - e m e dde d ﬂi t, h r t , hi h h be c b . “ In t he cutting of th e railway n e ar Com be the re i s an inte re sting se c on w e e we se e the e ds of t h e G e a o e w orn n t o a n ne ti , h r b r t O lit i cha l ” w c h as afte a ds n d i n ‘ hi h rw r be e ﬁlle by grave ] of this pe riod . 1 us out of xfo d on t h e B ce s e oad a as o e n in 1 85 J t O r , i t r r , pit w p 7

i n a e ﬁn e - b ow n sand a e m ade u f f a m n f on r th r , light r , y gr v l, p o r g e ts o ir

san ds one n an d e e s of ua - o T t , ﬂi t, p bbl q rtz r ck . he like w as se e n furthe r on the same oad us e on d S umm e r st o n an i t he r , j t b y w d furthe r st ll by ” u n e and the e at Sum m e st ow n t r pik , by riv r r . ]t:

eolo of h l G gy C e te nham . Geolo of Coun ound W ds c T gy try r oo to k, p .

- F om the Note b oo of Mr hi a e . 1 r k . W . W t k r V ALL E Y GR AV E LS . 5 9

A e ow Y a n on on t h e Oxfo d W o ce s e an d W o ve pit b l r t , r , r t r, l r am on Ra a s o e d 20 fe e of ﬁn e sand ave m ade u of h pt ilw y, h w t y gr l, p

ua oo e ow e e n s an d and c a P of. P i i s m e n q rtz, lit , l r gre , h lk r h ll p ons a th e one s of oa oa ox o se an d e e an ave b e e n ti th t b b r , g t, , h r , l ph t h ~ found i n t h e Yarn ton G rave lsl W th e xce i on o f t he a uvi um an d i n s om s s of t he a e ith e pt ll , e c a e v ll y

a e s t he oundari e s o f t he Pos - P ioce ne de os s ave not e e n gr v l , b t l p it h b e o aid dow n on t h e m a s of t he Ge o o i c a Su ve an d i n de e d hith rt l p l g l r y, it w o uld b e i m poss i ble on t he on e - i n ch scal e t o show on t he s am e

m a e se e ds an d t h e s a i e d oc s . Addi i on a su face m a s p th b tr t fi r k t l r p , owe ve are n ow i n cou se of e a a on on w c t h e a e as cove e d h r, r pr p r ti , hi h r r s u e c a de os s w b e m a e d out w e o e t he a s Of the by p rfi i l p it ill rk , hil v r p rt country fre e from drift t he boun darie s of th e s tratifie d rocks will b e a d d n an d t h o a e con i n uat on s of e s a e e n a t he l i ow , e pr b bl t i th e l tt r b e th i drift c ove i i ng show n by fa n t dotte d li ne s . ‘ f d S ar s e n S tone s : Gr e we t lze r s . I b e se are a e oc s o a , y l rg bl k h r c li e s a e e d at n e a s ove t h e d i s c but w i c c ann o grit w hi h c tt r i t rv l r tri t, h h t h n i f i n T e m a b e s e e n be re fe rre d t o any of t e s urrou d n g orm at o s . h y y a n th n o t e n an s of W c w ood F o e s an d i n t he alle o f lo g e r h r fl k y h r t, y y The s o s i n c e as e i n n um e an d s e th e Eve n lode ne ar A s co tt . e bl ck r b r iz h c a dow n s of Wi s i e an d ave b e e n s own b tow ards t e h lk lt h r , h h y r P s w c t o e t h e e i c s of an E oce n e san ds on e w c f om i t s M . re t i h b r l t hi h r e xtre m e hardne ss h as re si s te d t h e de s tr ucti ve age n cy o f th e se a duri ng s is s u e c has e e n t he de nudati on of th e unde rlyin g form ati on s . A th bj t b ' t r e at e d of by Profe ssor Ram say i n t h e m e m oi r on she e t 34 it will b e ” h u m full unn e c e ss ary t o e n t e r i n to t e s bj e ct ore y . i

- Mr B e r n N f au ma . F rom the ote b ook o .

E s for 1 8 5 5 . 1 97 f Oxfo1 d s ays , p . l o Me moi s on he 1 l of the ount i ound W oods oc . 28. S e e a s S e 3 1 Ge o ogy C y r t k, p r t , ” l n Mr hita i n the 4 7 on She e 1 2 5 1 on She e 7 . 7 a d a a e b . W e p. , t , p , t , p ; p p r y k r

u l Journ al of eolo i c l S oci et vol xviii . . 271 . Q arter y G g a y, p

INDEX OF PLACE S. 61

Page " Radcliﬁ Radst n 3, 35 o Ram sden Heath Rangers Lodge Rids Hill Roll rich Hi 1 2 e ll Rollw i h Li tle 1 7 r g t, t Roun d Cas l 6 t e 3 Rousham 3, 1 6, 23, 0 , 40, 5 3

Le aﬁe ld Le ckhampste ad Lillings ton Dayre ll Lillingston Love ll Lodge Hill Long Cre ndon Lyneham Barrow

Maids Morton Marsh Gibb on L w Marston St . a rence Merton Middleton Middleton Ch eney Mi ddle ton Stone y Milton Erne st Mi n ster Love l Mixb ury Mo t on V ale of r , Muswe ll Hill

Nether Winchendon Newb ot tle Ne wbridge Ne wton Purcell Northam pton North Le igh Norton Bri z e

Oakley Oddington Ot Moor e The Ous , Over Kiddington Ove rth orpe Ove r Wi nchendon Oxford

Wadde sdon W adde s don Field Padb u 32 4o 4 1 ry , , ’ W at erman s Lodge W ate r Stratford We stb ury We stcott n il 3 W e s an Hill Quainto H l , t St

LIST OF GEOLOGICAL MAPS AND S ECTIONS OF THE GEOLOGICAL

OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, Pos t ’ m an) n Massns. LONGMAN 00. ron 111m Mu s srr s STATIO NERY Os man.

ri m Ma s are those of t p he Ordnance Survey geologicallvcoloure d t he Geological Surva of Great Bri tain I u der the Su eri nt p endence o f Sir Ro nnat cx l n p nr Muncn rson . n , C.D , DirectogGe neral . i ons are traced and coloured i t n all their Subdivisi ons .

GREAT * F olk es one and e 4 t Ey . Has s and 5 ting Ne whaven . Engravi ng. ‘ Par s of Mid dlesex B erks Bucks and Su re . 3 t , , , r y - 9 ‘10 1 1 ‘12 ‘ 13Part of Berks s ud Oxon. 63. ‘ ” ’ itd?ur saes gursee it y. son.twiIts west Rant s. 63. Poole cu h East of Ilorse t 1 6 , t . 68 . Sou h st of Do se t 1 7 t e r . Northern half of Dorse t and S a 1 8 ; E . p rt of Somerset Half of Some se and art of W e st 19 r t, p Wilts. 63. West Some set and art of South Gl 20 r amor an. 63. 2 SW. Somerset NE . Ipe von and art of 1 , , p est Dorset.

ar E Dev n 63. 22 P t of I . o . 3Devon b et ween To ba and S ar Poi 2 r y t t nt. 33. Part of Sou h De v0 n an d of Cor nw 24 t all. 33.

5 S . Devon and Eas Cornwall . 2 W t 63. 26 West Devon and NE . Cornwall. - Pat t Nor h De v 33. 33 or t on. 29

f o nwall 68 . 30 Part o C r . 31 Part of Cornwl wall 32 Part of Corn . 83. ar f ornwall 33P t o C . P Par orWilt s Glouces ershi re Berks 34 t , t , . 63. We s ern Glouce s er. 68 35 t t , , West Glamo an and Mon mou h E 36 rg , t . ast. 63. W Glamo an and Sout h Carma t he n 37 est rg r . 63. mb 33. 38 Iouth Pe roke . ’ ll s Li h Pe mb ok e : 39 Sma g t. r No h Pembro e and West 0 rt k Carmarthen. 21

lckshire .

ar of De b s p t r y hi re . f part o Derbyshire .

n es Ma ch ter.

— . An Index to the Colours and ns o N.E Sig empl yed on the Geological Survey, price 53.

of t he uar e Shee ts is now uniforml 23. 61A exce and The price Q t r y . pt 57 NW . 76 N. 77 N.E.. whi o.

‘ ‘ - a l " M o SCOTLAND M p . 82 (Emmanue ) 88 ( m m a) ; 84 (Eam on) 41 (Fm ) . Ba cach . 1 inch

- I BU 8 e h . ED N RGHSHIRE 3. 7. 14 3. ac 8, 1 3. 18 19. 6 11101188 to 1 mile. 69. M b. — , HADDINGTONSHIEE D 14. 63. e ach . 8. 83. 6 inches to 1 mi le . — . F IF ES I i n hes t o 1 mil H RE ﬂ c e . 24, 25, 81 .32. 33, and 37.

IRE- SS t o 88 t o t o t LAN CASH . . 99. 96. 100, 1041. 106. o l m. and 113. ﬁ nches to ]. mile . 80.each w w m m T h ese s ect i ons are c re w t o a scale or S i x m e n us t o a m u c . o n ; ‘ lat e th re nde ri n 0 3°h 830t 1° De scri ti ons are en rave d on e ac h p , g of t he Count ry ove r which the y are drawn . p g 2 ft i n The M 0 e n rave d 0 " Co pe b y f e ach lat e i s 8 ft 3m . b y . 3 . y g p ll c ort on the di strict i t t raverses . Th e si ze o p : r i ce t o. eac h . i She e s 1 t o 63 an coloure d i n ac cordan ce witll th e Map s . t , pr - - v an n e a r. s ac n o u s ,

‘ i and Ma as o th e Geologwul S urvey . Illus trati ve of the Hori z ontal S ect ons q f ' ch and il us ra e suc ' t o a scale of 40 ft . t o an i n , h f rm of Ver tical Colum ns , l T e se S ections are arl al l e d , i n t h e o t t t c al Me as ure Se c i ons , for i ns ance , t h ib e d. In th e Co it i s i mpossible t o give ill t ﬁe Hori zontal Se ct ions ab ove de scr t ' ‘ th hi ch he a e ass ocia e d , and i h o h ruct ure and Thi ck ne ss of th e Strat a w w y t f e ac B e d of Coal, t he Mine ral St i t r “ Sh e e t . 1 t o 28 rl ce 38 . ﬁll . e ach t h reat e st de t ail . Sh e e s , p amount of Irons tone , are give n i n e g t

MAPS OF IRELAND;

- l (On th e one i nch sca e .) 1 1 81 23. cd . Exce 80, . O t o t o 1 t o t o 205 . Pri ce p N S. 100. 1 02. 1 10, 1 1 2, 1 14. 1 9, t e t s . Pri ce 8d . e ach . ri c e 1 Me m o rs acc om an m ost of t h e se sh e 1 97, 202, 203, 204, 205 . P 8 . i p y

h Ve r i cal Se c i on . 1 . 3s . 6d . e i ns t o . 53. e ac . Horizontal S ct o , 1 1 6 t t

m o f P r ac t i c al G e ol o M e m o i r s o f t h e G e o l o g i c al S u r ve y an d o f t h e M u s e u g

R .S &c . Svo. 1 T. DE LA B ECHE. F . DEV RSET. B Sir H . REPORT on CORNWALL, ON, and WEST SOME y i e s B PROF ESSOR PHIL] F IGURES and DESCRIPTIONS of t he PALZEOZOIC F OSSILS i n t h e ab ove Count . y Svo. ( Out of p ri nt .) ‘ d of t he MUSEUM of ECONOMIC THE MEMOIRS of t he GEOLOGICAL SURVEY of GREAT B RITAIN, an

of LONDON . Svo. Vol .I. 21 a Vol . l I. i n 2 Par s 423. ; ( t ) ,

No. 1 . On the Genus te s each . MONOGEAPH RITISH RGA IC MAINS . De cad I t with 10 Pla B O N RE es . o X ., r ro al svc . 23. cd . e ach Del B R X al at o. 43. 6d . : o y y P OF ESSOR HU LEY, an d J . W. SALTEE , F .G. S . Roy

n four Par s . t h ARTS . Vol . I. i R ECORDS of h e SCHOOL OF MINE S and of SCIENCE appli ed t o t e , t 1 ra ive of th e Comp osition and ]" CATALOGUE of SPECIMEN S i ll t h e Mus eum of Practi cal Gaolog illust t , f i sh 33191011 13 and TRENHAM REE xs. Curat o o B i Pot er and Por lai n . B ir E NRY DE LA r t t y ce y S H ,

Woodcu s . . Price 13. Out o Pri nt t ( f .) ' i h ot i ce s of t h é Ge olo i cal S ) DE CRIP IVE G IDE t t OLOGY W N g , i A S T U o h e MUSEUM of PRACTICAL GE . t OBERT HU NT F -R -S P he cd Ii l n dom t h e Scho l f h R e co d Ofﬁ ce . B R . g , o o Mine s, and t e Mi ni ng r y - Eggl 1011 .l A DE SCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE or th e Rock S PECIMENS i n t h o MUSEUM or PRACTICAL GEO ' and A EI I AMBJ Y Local Di re c o H . . BE Isrow F .R.S H. BAU EE H AN . G K E F .G.S . J IL ' t r, W , , , ‘ ASrllEilit ion .S

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INERAL STATISTICS emb acin t h e roduce of Ti n C o e Lead Silve Zin c Iron , Coals, and ot her Mi M , r g p , pp r. , r ,

Ke e / 8 i nclus ive 1 3. 6d. e ach 1 ROBERT HU NT, p er of Mut tﬁg R ecor ds . F rom 1 853t o 1 57, , . 858, Par 1 2 2s 1 85 860 33. 6d 1 861 2 an ndix 1 3. , 1 86 . e . Part II ., 53. 9, , . , 3. d Ap p e , , d i of REAT BRITAIN . Par The IRON ORE S of tll e orth and Nor h Midland Coun i es The IRON ORES G t 1 . N t t

m t Part II. Th e IRON ORES of South StaiTordsh ire . P rice Is . Par III. The IRON ORE OW of p n .) t ‘ h d f r h t ﬂords hi re s ri ce 13. 3d . Par IV. T e IRON ORES of t h e Shro shi re Coal F i eld an o No S a . (Val e . P t p t — V - HT E D AE D F O On th e TERTIARY F LU IO MARINE F ORMATION of t h e ISLE of WIG . By W RBES , . F .

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f t he SOUT AF D I - I On t he GEOLOGY o H ST FOR SH RE COAL F ELD. By J . BEETE JOKES, M.A.. F

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On 1 0 EOLOGY of th e COUNTRY around WOODSTOCK. Illus rati n She e 45 S .W . B E . HULL t g t y , 1 G8 £1 100 .

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- - - - On t h e GEOLOGY of th e ASHB Y DE LA ZOUCH COAL F IELD. B Enwu mHULL AB F G2S ll y . I ustri d 63N .W . an d 71 S .W. 1 3. 6 .

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Price 33. Illus trating Sh e et 1 3. On th e GEOLOGY of PAETS of NORTHAMPTONSHIRE and wARWICKSHIRE By W T AYE: Illustrati ng Quart e r She et 53 ‘ ‘ n th e GEOLOGY of t he COUNTRY aroundWIGAN . B EDWAR D O HULL . A.R. l s I ‘ m i h e - l - f th e One i nch Scale , and She e s 84, 85 92, 93. 1 00, 1 01 on t l e Six i nch Scale Lancaglig , h t , l . (ii fifigtitfig G O wY of TRINIDAD Wes Indian Surve s On he E ( y ) . B G. P. WALL and J . G. SAWKI NS t y , F .G.S .s with I ns n gCOt o . r d ALT I M CHESH RE COUNTRY a oun R NCHA , I . B E . HULL B .A. Illus t a in 8 E y , r t g 0 N. . Pri ce 8d . G of PARTS of NOTTING AM R ‘ GE LO H SHI E and DERBYSHIRE. B W . T. AVELIN y E, F .G.S . Illustra O’rlce gi W COUNTRY around NOTTINGHAM. B . T. AVELINE F .G.S . Illus ratin 71 y , t g N.E. Price 8d.

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