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Final Report on the Research of Legal System of Cambodia and Legal Information Related to Society, Culture, Politics and Security of Cambodia

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Final Report on the Research of Legal System of Cambodia and Legal Information Related to Society, Culture, Politics and Security of Cambodia FINAL REPORT ON THE RESEARCH OF LEGAL SYSTEM OF CAMBODIA AND LEGAL INFORMATION RELATED TO SOCIETY, CULTURE, POLITICS AND SECURITY OF CAMBODIA SPONSORED BY OFFICE OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE OF THAILAND RESEARCHED BY DFDL (THAILAND) LTD. NOVEMBER 2019 FINAL REPORT ON THE RESEARCH OF LEGAL SYSTEM OF CAMBODIA AND LEGAL INFORMATION RELATED TO SOCIETY, CULTURE, POLITICS AND SECURITY OF CAMBODIA SPONSORED BY OFFICE OF THE COUNCIL OF STATE OF THAILAND RESEARCHED BY DFDL (THAILAND) LTD. NOVEMBER 2019 Research Team Mr. Kraisorn Rueangkul Project Leader Mr. Vathana Sar Head of Research Team Miss Seka Hep Researcher Miss Vansok Khem Researcher Miss Samnangvathana Sor Researcher Miss Ponpun Krataykwan Researcher Table of Contents SECTION 1 OVERVIEW OF CAMBODIAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE ..................................................... 1 1. Primary Section : Social and cultural environment ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Cambodian Geography and Population ................................................................................ 1 1.2 Culture and Religion .................................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Cambodian Economy and Society ......................................................................................... 3 1.4 Politics ........................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Social and cultural policies .................................................................................................................. 7 2.1 Governance .................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Macroeconomic balances ....................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Agriculture and its allied activities ........................................................................................ 13 2.4 Industry ....................................................................................................................................... 14 2.5 Mining .......................................................................................................................................... 16 2.6 Infrastructure.............................................................................................................................. 16 2.7 Tourism ....................................................................................................................................... 17 2.8 Science and technology .......................................................................................................... 17 2.9 Human development .............................................................................................................. 18 2.10 Population and migration ....................................................................................................... 20 2.11 Socio-cultural development .................................................................................................. 20 2.12 Environment .............................................................................................................................. 21 3. Social and cultural agreements between Cambodia and other countries or international organizations .......................................................................................................................................... 22 1. Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity, ratified by Cambodia on 19 April 2015 .............................................................. 22 2. Second Protocol to the Hague Convention of 1954 for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict, ratified by Cambodia on 17 December 2013. ............................................................................................................................................ 23 3. Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage, ratified by Cambodia on 2 January 2009 ................................................................................................ 23 4. Cebu Declaration on East Asian Energy Security, dated 15 January 2007 .................. 24 5. Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions 2005, ratified by Cambia on 19 December 2007 ........................................ 24 6. Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, ratified by Cambodia on 23 November 2006 ................................................................................................................... 25 7. ASEAN Agreement on Trans boundary Haze Pollution, ratified by Cambodia on 24 April 2006 ................................................................................................................................... 25 8. Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, ratified by Cambodia on 13 September 2006 ....................................................................................... 25 9. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, ratified by Cambodia on 13 February 2006 ............................................................................................................................ 26 10. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, ratified by Cambodia on 16 February 2005 ........................................................................ 26 11. International Plant Protection Convention, ratified by Cambodia on 2 October 2015 ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 12. Agreement for the establishment of the Global Crop Diversity Trust, signed by Cambodia on 6 May 2005 ...................................................................................................... 27 13. Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and the Kingdom of Cambodia, dated 25 April 1997............................................................................................. 27 14. Agreement between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Cambodia on Trade relations and Intellectual Property Rights Protection, dated 4 October 1996 ............................................................................................................................................. 28 15. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, dated 3 January 1976 ............................................................................................................................................. 28 SECTION 2 OVERVIEW OF CAMBODIAN POLITICS AND SECURITY ................................................. 29 1. Political and security environment ................................................................................................... 29 2. Political and security policy................................................................................................................ 30 2.1. Rectangular Strategy ................................................................................................................ 30 2.2. ASEAN cooperation .................................................................................................................. 31 2.3. Cooperation with other countries and international organizations .............................. 33 2.4. Defense White Papers ............................................................................................................. 34 3. Political and security agreements between Cambodia and other countries or international organizations .......................................................................................................................................... 35 1. Memorandum of Understanding on Maritime Cooperation dated 13 October 2016 ...................................................................................................................................................... 35 2. Memorandum of Understanding on the Cooperation in the Field of Inspection dated 13 October 2016 ........................................................................................................... 35 3. Memorandum of Understanding on the Exchange of Visit by Scientists dated 13 October 2016 ............................................................................................................................. 35 4. Memorandum of Understanding on the Process of Cooperation in the Exchange of Espionage Information pertaining to the Execution of Law on Homeland Security/National Security dated 13 October 2016 .......................................................... 35 5. Agreement on the Strengthening of Cooperation in Combating Human Trafficking dated 13 October 2016 ........................................................................................................... 35 6. Arms Trade Treaty dated 24 December 2014 ................................................................... 36 7. Memorandum and Understanding signed between China and the Kingdom of Cambodia in relation to military assistance and equipment dated 23 January 2013 .....................................................................................................................................................
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