Shipyard Industry Standards
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Shipyard Industry Standards OSHA 2268-11R 2015 Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 “To assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women; by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the Act; by assisting and encouraging the States in their efforts to assure safe and healthful working conditions; by providing for research, information, education, and training in the field of occupational safety and health.” This publication is not a standard or regulation, and it creates no new legal obligations. It contains recommendations as well as descriptions of mandatory safety and health standards. The recommendations are advisory in nature, informational in content, and are intended to assist employers in providing a safe and healthful workplace. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) requires employers to comply with safety and health standards and regulations promulgated by OSHA or by a state with an OSHA-approved state plan. In addition, the Act’s General Duty Clause, Section 5(a)(1), requires employers to provide their employees with a workplace free from recognized hazards likely to cause death or serious physical harm. Material contained in this publication is in the public domain and may be reproduced, fully or partially, without permission. Source credit is requested but not required. This information will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 693-1999; tele- typewriter (TTY) number: 1-877-889-5627. Shipyard Industry Standards U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA 2268-11R 2015 Cover photo from the American Shipbuilding Association, courtesy of General Dynamics NASSCO in San Diego, CA. Foreword This booklet contains all the safety and health standards specific to the Shipyard Industry contained in Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 1915, as of July 1, 2014. Also included are brief discussions of the following: 1. The importance of regular employee training to establish and reinforce employee awareness in the areas of job safety and health. 2. The elements of a safety and health program that can be used by employers to develop effective programs at their work sites. A brief description of the OSHA Consultation Program, which is available to assist employers, is also included at the end of this publication. Hazards not covered by Shipyard Industry standards may be covered by General Industry standards contained in 29 CFR Part 1910 (OSHA website: www.osha.gov). Where a hazard is covered by both the Shipyard Industry standards and the General Industry standards, only the Shipyard Industry standard will be cited by OSHA inspectors (described in more detail in 29 CFR 1910.5, Applicability of Standards). In addition, OSHA regulations regarding general agency practices and procedures are applicable to shipyard employment. Particular attention is directed to the provisions of 29 CFR Part 1904, Recording and Reporting Occupational Injuries and Illnesses. Employees of employers performing shipyard activities on the shore, pier, terminal, yard, shipyard, machine shop, riverbank, etc., as well as on the vessels afloat or in drydocks or graving docks are covered by the Shipyard standards. The OSH Act of 1970 encourages states to develop and operate their own job safety and health plans. States administering occupational safety and SHIPYARD INDUSTRY STANDARDS 5 health programs through plans approved under Section 18(b) of the OSH Act must adopt standards and enforce requirements that are “at least as effective” as Federal OSHA requirements. There are currently 28 OSHA-approved state plans: 22 cover both private and public sector employees (state and local government). Five additional states (Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, New Jersey, New York) and the Virgin Islands have plans that cover public sector workers only. For more information on state plans, see www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 6 Contents Maritime Coverage under State Plans ...... 13 Guidelines for Workplace Safety and Health Programs in the Shipyard Industry. 13 Basic Elements ............................. 14 Management Commitment ................... 14 Employee Participation ...................... 16 Large Shipyard ............................. 17 Medium Shipyard/Large Boatyard ............. 17 Small Shipyard or Boatyard .................. 18 Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control ....18 Accident and Incident Investigation ............ 22 Training ................................... 23 Program Evaluation ......................... 25 Procedures for Multi-Employer Workplaces ..... 26 Recordkeeping ............................. 27 Subpart A – General Provisions ............ 29 1915.1 – Purpose and authority ............... 29 1915.2 – Scope and application ............... 29 1915.3 – Responsibility ...................... 29 1915.4 – Definitions ......................... 30 1915.5 – Incorporation by reference ............ 32 1915.6 – Commercial diving operations ......... 37 1915.7 – Competent person .................. 37 1915.8 – OMB control numbers under the Paperwork Reduction Act ............. 40 1915.9 – Compliance duties owed to each employee .......................... 40 Subpart B – Confined and Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous Atmospheres in Shipyard Employment ..................... 41 1915.11 – Scope, application, and definitions applicable to this subpart ............ 41 1915.12 – Precautions and the order of testing before entering confined and enclosed spaces and other dangerous atmospheres ............. 44 1915.13 – Cleaning and other cold work ........ 50 1915.14 – Hot Work .......................... 53 1915.15 – Maintenance of safe conditions ....... 54 1915.16 – Warning signs and labels ............ 56 SHIPYARD INDUSTRY STANDARDS 7 APPENDIX A to SUBPART B — Compliance Assistance Guidelines for Confined and Enclosed Spaces and Other Dangerous Atmospheres .............................. 56 APPENDIX B to SUBPART B — Reprint of U.S. Coast Guard Regulations Referenced in Subpart B, for Determination of Coast Guard Authorized Persons ............ 56 Subpart C – Surface Preparation and Preservation ............................. 57 1915.31 – Scope and application of subpart ..... 57 1915.32 – Toxic cleaning solvents. 57 1915.33 – Chemical paint and preservative removers ......................... 57 1915.34 – Mechanical paint removers .......... 58 1915.35 – Painting .......................... 60 1915.36 – Flammable liquids .................. 63 Subpart D – Welding, Cutting and Heating ...65 1915.51 – Ventilation and protection in welding, cutting and heating ................. 65 1915.53 – Welding, cutting and heating in way of preservative coatings ............... 68 1915.54 – Welding, cutting and heating of hollow metal containers and structures not covered by §1915.12 ................ 70 1915.55 – Gas welding and cutting ............. 71 1915.56 – Arc welding and cutting ............. 75 1915.57 – Uses of fissionable material in ship repairing and shipbuilding ........... 77 Subpart E – Scaffolds, Ladders and Other Working Surfaces ......................... 79 1915.71 – Scaffolds or staging ................ 79 1915.72 – Ladders .......................... 88 1915.73 – Guarding of deck openings and edges ... 90 1915.74 – Access to vessels ................... 91 1915.75 – Access to and guarding of dry docks and marine railways ................ 93 1915.76 – Access to cargo spaces and confined spaces .................... 95 1915.77 – Working surfaces. 96 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION 8 Subpart F – General Working Conditions ... 97 1915.80 – Scope, application, definitions, and effective dates ..................... 97 1915.81 – Housekeeping .................... 103 1915.82 – Lighting ......................... 104 1915.83 – Utilities .......................... 107 1915.84 – Working alone .................... 108 1915.85 – Vessel radar and communication systems ........... 108 1915.86 – Lifeboats ........................ 109 1915.87 – Medical services and first aid .........110 1915.88 – Sanitation. 114 1915.89 – Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tags-plus) ..................118 1915.90 – Safety color code for marking physical hazards .................. 141 1915.91 – Accident prevention signs and tags ....141 1915.92 – Retention of DOT markings, placards, and labels ........................ 141 1915.93 – Motor vehicle safety equipment, operation and maintenance ......... 142 1915.94 – Servicing multi-piece and single-piece rim wheels ...................... 144 Subpart G – Gear and Equipment for Rigging and Materials Handling .................. 145 1915.111 – Inspection ....................... 145 1915.112 – Ropes, chains and slings ........... 145 1915.113 – Shackles and hooks ............... 147 1915.114 – Chain falls and pull-lifts ............ 148 1915.115 – Hoisting and hauling equipment .... 148 1915.116 – Use of gear ...................... 149 1915.117 – Qualifications of operators ......... 151 1915.118 – Tables .......................... 151 1915.120 – Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training ................. 156 Subpart H – Tools and Related Equipment ...157 1915.131 – General precautions .............. 157 1915.132 – Portable electric tools ............. 158 1915.133 – Hand tools ...................... 158 1915.134 – Abrasive wheels ................. 159 1915.135 – Power actuated fastening tools ..... 161 1915.136 – Internal combustion engines other than