DOCSLIB.ORG

0332 Date: January 2004 Revision: August 2009 DOT Number: UN 1405

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
0332 Date: January 2004 Revision: August 2009 DOT Number: UN 1405 Right to Know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet Common Name: CALCIUM SILICIDE Synonyms: Calcium Disilicide; Calcium Silicon CAS Number: 12013-56-8 Chemical Name: Calcium Silicide RTK Substance Number: 0332 Date: January 2004 Revision: August 2009 DOT Number: UN 1405 Description and Use EMERGENCY RESPONDERS >>>> SEE LAST PAGE Calcium Silicide is a gray, to black or brown, powder or chip Hazard Summary with a repulsive odor. It is used for making special metal Hazard Rating NJDOH NFPA alloys, in pyrotechnics, and as a deoxidizer. HEALTH 1 - FLAMMABILITY 3 - REACTIVITY 2 W - FLAMMABLE AND WATER REACTIVE POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE Reasons for Citation Hazard Rating Key: 0=minimal; 1=slight; 2=moderate; 3=serious; f Calcium Silicide is on the Right to Know Hazardous 4=severe Substance List because it is cited by DOT. f This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance f Calcium Silicide can affect you when inhaled. List. f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling Calcium Silicide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. f Calcium Silicide is FLAMMABLE and REACTIVE and a DANGEROUS FIRE and EXPLOSION HAZARD. SEE GLOSSARY ON PAGE 5. Workplace Exposure Limits FIRST AID No occupational exposure limits have been established for Eye Contact Calcium Silicide. However, it may pose a health risk. Always f Immediately flush with large amounts of water for at least 15 follow safe work practices. minutes, lifting upper and lower lids. Remove contact lenses, if worn, while rinsing. Skin Contact f Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin with soap and water. Inhalation f Remove the person from exposure. f Begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions) if breathing has stopped and CPR if heart action has stopped. f Transfer promptly to a medical facility. EMERGENCY NUMBERS Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222 CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 NJDEP Hotline: 1-877-927-6337 National Response Center: 1-800-424-8802 CALCIUM SILICIDE Page 2 of 6 Determining Your Exposure Other Effects f No chronic (long-term) health effects are known at this time. f Read the product manufacturer’s Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and the label to determine product ingredients and important safety and health information about the product mixture. Medical Medical Testing f For each individual hazardous ingredient, read the New There is no special test for this chemical. However, seek Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance Fact medical attention if illness occurs or overexposure is Sheet, available on the RTK website suspected. (www.nj.gov/health/eoh/rtkweb) or in your facility’s RTK Central File or Hazard Communication Standard file. Any evaluation should include a careful history of past and present symptoms with an exam. Medical tests that look for f You have a right to this information under the New Jersey damage already done are not a substitute for controlling Worker and Community Right to Know Act, the Public exposure. Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Act if you are a public worker in New Jersey, and under the Request copies of your medical testing. You have a legal right federal Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) if you to this information under the OSHA Access to Employee are a private worker. Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020). f The New Jersey Right to Know Act requires most employers to label chemicals in the workplace and requires public employers to provide their employees with information concerning chemical hazards and controls. The federal OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200) and the PEOSH Hazard Communication Standard (N.J.A.C. 12:100-7) require employers to provide similar information and training to their employees. This Fact Sheet is a summary of available information regarding the health hazards that may result from exposure. Duration of exposure, concentration of the substance and other factors will affect your susceptibility to any of the potential effects described below. Health Hazard Information Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Calcium Silicide: f Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. f Inhaling Calcium Silicide can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. Chronic Health Effects The following chronic (long-term) health effects can occur at some time after exposure to Calcium Silicide and can last for months or years: Cancer Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health, Calcium Silicide has not been tested for its ability to cause cancer in animals. Reproductive Hazard f According to the information presently available to the New Jersey Department of Health, Calcium Silicide has not been tested for its ability to affect reproduction. CALCIUM SILICIDE Page 3 of 6 Workplace Controls and Practices Eye Protection Very toxic chemicals, or those that are reproductive hazards or f Wear eye protection with side shields or goggles. sensitizers, require expert advice on control measures if a less f If additional protection is needed for the entire face, use in toxic chemical cannot be substituted. Control measures combination with a face shield. A face shield should not be include: (1) enclosing chemical processes for severely used without another type of eye protection. irritating and corrosive chemicals, (2) using local exhaust ventilation for chemicals that may be harmful with a single Respiratory Protection exposure, and (3) using general ventilation to control Improper use of respirators is dangerous. Respirators exposures to skin and eye irritants. For further information on should only be used if the employer has implemented a written workplace controls, consult the NIOSH document on Control program that takes into account workplace conditions, Banding at www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/ctrlbanding/. requirements for worker training, respirator fit testing, and The following work practices are also recommended: medical exams, as described in the OSHA Respiratory Protection Standard (29 CFR 1910.134). f Label process containers. f Provide employees with hazard information and training. f At any detectable concentration, use a NIOSH approved f Monitor airborne chemical concentrations. negative pressure, air-purifying, particulate filter respirator f Use engineering controls if concentrations exceed with an N, R or P95 filter. More protection is provided by a recommended exposure levels. full facepiece respirator than by a half-mask respirator, and f Provide eye wash fountains and emergency showers. even greater protection is provided by a powered-air f Wash or shower if skin comes in contact with a hazardous purifying respirator. material. f Leave the area immediately if (1) while wearing a filter or f Always wash at the end of the workshift. cartridge respirator you can smell, taste, or otherwise detect f Change into clean clothing if clothing becomes Calcium Silicide, (2) while wearing particulate filters contaminated. abnormal resistance to breathing is experienced, or (3) eye f Do not take contaminated clothing home. irritation occurs while wearing a full facepiece respirator. f Get special training to wash contaminated clothing. Check to make sure the respirator-to-face seal is still good. f Do not eat, smoke, or drink in areas where chemicals are If it is, replace the filter or cartridge. If the seal is no longer being handled, processed or stored. good, you may need a new respirator. f Wash hands carefully before eating, smoking, drinking, f Consider all potential sources of exposure in your workplace. applying cosmetics or using the toilet. You may need a combination of filters, prefilters or cartridges to protect against different forms of a chemical (such as In addition, the following may be useful or required: vapor and mist) or against a mixture of chemicals. f Where the potential for high exposure exists, use a NIOSH f Before entering a confined space where Calcium Silicide approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece may be present, check to make sure that an explosive operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure concentration does not exist. mode. For increased protection use in combination with an f Use a vacuum to reduce dust during clean-up. DO NOT auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus or an DRY SWEEP. emergency escape air cylinder. Personal Protective Equipment Fire Hazards The OSHA Personal Protective Equipment Standard (29 CFR If employees are expected to fight fires, they must be trained and equipped as stated in the OSHA Fire Brigades Standard 1910.132) requires employers to determine the appropriate (29 CFR 1910.156). personal protective equipment for each hazard and to train employees on how and when to use protective equipment. f Calcium Silicide is a FLAMMABLE SOLID. f Use sand, soda ash, lime or dry chemicals appropriate for The following recommendations are only guidelines and may extinguishing metal fires. DO NOT USE WATER or FOAM. not apply to every situation. f POISONOUS GASES ARE PRODUCED IN FIRE, including Silicon Oxides and Hydrogen. f CONTAINERS MAY EXPLODE IN FIRE. Gloves and Clothing f DO NOT get water into containers. f Avoid skin contact with Calcium Silicide. Wear personal protective equipment made from material which can not be permeated or degraded by this substance. Safety equipment suppliers and manufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective glove and clothing material for your operation. f Safety equipment manufacturers recommend Nitrile and Polyvinyl Chloride for gloves, and Tyvek, or the equivalent, as a protective material for clothing. f All protective clothing (suits, gloves, footwear, headgear) should be clean, available each day, and put on before work. CALCIUM SILICIDE Page 4 of 6 Spills and Emergencies Occupational Health Information If employees are required to clean-up spills, they must be Resources properly trained and equipped. The OSHA Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR The New Jersey Department of Health offers multiple services 1910.120) may apply.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Seymur Cahangirov Hasan Sahin Guy Le Lay Angel Rubio Introduction to the Physics of Silicene and Other 2D Materials Lecture Notes in Physics
    Lecture Notes in Physics 930 Seymur Cahangirov Hasan Sahin Guy Le Lay Angel Rubio Introduction to the Physics of Silicene and other 2D Materials Lecture Notes in Physics Volume 930 Founding Editors W. Beiglböck J. Ehlers K. Hepp H. Weidenmöller Editorial Board M. Bartelmann, Heidelberg, Germany B.-G. Englert, Singapore, Singapore P. Hanggi,R Augsburg, Germany M. Hjorth-Jensen, Oslo, Norway R.A.L. Jones, Sheffield, UK M. Lewenstein, Barcelona, Spain H. von Lohneysen,R Karlsruhe, Germany J.-M. Raimond, Paris, France A. Rubio, Hamburg, Germany M. Salmhofer, Heidelberg, Germany W. Schleich, Ulm, Germany S. Theisen, Potsdam, Germany D. Vollhardt, Augsburg, Germany J.D. Wells, Ann Arbor, USA G.P. Zank, Huntsville, USA [email protected] The Lecture Notes in Physics The series Lecture Notes in Physics (LNP), founded in 1969, reports new devel- opments in physics research and teaching-quickly and informally, but with a high quality and the explicit aim to summarize and communicate current knowledge in an accessible way. Books published in this series are conceived as bridging material between advanced graduate textbooks and the forefront of research and to serve three purposes: • to be a compact and modern up-to-date source of reference on a well-defined topic • to serve as an accessible introduction to the field to postgraduate students and nonspecialist researchers from related areas • to be a source of advanced teaching material for specialized seminars, courses and schools Both monographs and multi-author volumes will be considered for publication. Edited volumes should, however, consist of a very limited number of contributions only.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural and Dynamical Trends in Alkali-Metal
    Article pubs.acs.org/JPCC Structural and Dynamical Trends in Alkali-Metal Silanides Characterized by Neutron-Scattering Methods † ‡ † § ∥ † ∥ Wan Si Tang,*, , Mirjana Dimitrievska,*, , Jean-Noel̈ Chotard, Wei Zhou, Raphael̈ Janot, ⊥ † Alexander V. Skripov, and Terrence J. Udovic † NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, United States ‡ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-2115, United States § National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States ∥ Laboratoire de Reactivité ́et Chimie des Solides (LRCS), UMR 7314 CNRS, Universitéde Picardie Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cedex, France ⊥ Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: Structural, vibrational, and dynamical properties of the mono- and mixed-alkali silanides (MSiH3, where M = K, Rb, Cs, K0.5Rb0.5,K0.5Cs0.5, and Rb0.5Cs0.5) were investigated by various neutron experiments, including neutron powder diffraction (NPD), neutron vibrational spectroscopy (NVS), neutron- scattering fixed-window scans (FWSs), and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements. Structural characterization showed that the mixed compounds exhibit disordered (α) and ordered (β) phases for temperatures above and below about 200− 250 K, respectively, in agreement with their monoalkali correspondents. Vibrational and dynamical properties are strongly influenced by the cation environment; in particular, there is a red shift in the band energies of the librational and bending modes with increasing lattice size as a result of changes in the bond lengths and force constants. Additionally, slightly broader spectral features are observed in the case of the mixed compounds, indicating the presence of structural disorder caused by the random distribution of the alkali-metal cations within the lattice.
    [Show full text]
  • Doping Effects on Transition-Metal Silicides: Crystal Structures and Physical Properties of Aluminium Doped Rhenium Silicide
    BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Summer 2020 Doping Effects on Transition-Metal Silicides: Crystal Structures and Physical Properties of Aluminium Doped Rhenium Silicide Victoria DeCocq Missouri State University, [email protected] As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the Inorganic Chemistry Commons, and the Materials Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation DeCocq, Victoria, "Doping Effects on Transition-Metal Silicides: Crystal Structures and Physical Properties of Aluminium Doped Rhenium Silicide" (2020). MSU Graduate Theses. 3563. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3563 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DOPING EFFECTS ON TRANSITION-METAL SILICIDES: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINIUM DOPED RHENIUM SILICIDE A Master’s Thesis
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix a of Final Environmental Impact Statement for a Geologic Repository for the Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Lev
    Appendix A Inventory and Characteristics of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level Radioactive Waste, and Other Materials Inventory and Characteristics of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level Radioactive Waste, and Other Materials TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page A. Inventory and Characteristics of Spent Nuclear Fuel, High-Level Radioactive Waste, and Other Materials ................................................................................................................................. A-1 A.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. A-1 A.1.1 Inventory Data Summary .................................................................................................... A-2 A.1.1.1 Sources ......................................................................................................................... A-2 A.1.1.2 Present Storage and Generation Status ........................................................................ A-4 A.1.1.3 Final Waste Form ......................................................................................................... A-6 A.1.1.4 Waste Characteristics ................................................................................................... A-6 A.1.1.4.1 Mass and Volume ................................................................................................. A-6 A.1.1.4.2 Radionuclide Inventories ...................................................................................... A-8 A.1.1.4.3
    [Show full text]
  • Low Temperature Chemical Vapor Deposition and Method for Depositing a Tungsten Silicide Film with Improved Uniformity and Reduced Fluorine Concentration
    Europaisches Patentamt 19 European Patent Office Office europeen des brevets © Publication number : 0 591 086 A2 12 EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION © Application number : 93480132.5 © int. ci.5: H01L 21/3205, C23C 16/44, C23C 16/42, H01L 21/285 @ Date of filing : 10.09.93 The application is published incomplete as filed @ Inventor : Gow, Thomas Richard (Article 93 (2) EPC). The points in the 4 Lyman Drive description at which the omission obviously Williston, VT 05495 (US) occurs have been left blank. Inventor : Lebel, Richard John Box 2255A RD1 © Priority : 30.09.92 US 954783 Sheldon, VT 05483 (US) @ Date of publication of application : @ Representative : Klein, Daniel Jacques Henri 06.04.94 Bulletin 94/14 Compagnie IBM France Departement de Propriete Intellectuelle @ Designated Contracting States : F-06610 La Gaude (FR) DE FR GB © Applicant : International Business Machines Corporation Old Orchard Road Armonk, N.Y. 10504 (US) © Low temperature chemical vapor deposition and method for depositing a tungsten silicide film with improved uniformity and reduced fluorine concentration. © A tungsten silicide (WSix) film is formed by GROWTH RATE ( mg/m i n ) chemical vapor deposition using the reduction of tungsten hexafluoride (WF6) with dichlorosi- O — ro lane (SiH2CI2) referred to as DCS and a reduc- ing agent comprising silane (SiH4), hydrogen, or a mixture thereof. According to the method of the present invention, the WSix film is formed in a CVD reactor operating at a low pressure and at a wafer temperature between about 300 and 550°C. In the preferred embodiment, a thin nucleation layer is deposited before the WSix film.
    [Show full text]
  • Tailoring of Transition Metal Silicides As Protective Thin Films On
    THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Tailoring of Transition Metal Silicides as Protective Thin Films on Austenitic Stainless Steel PUI LAM TAM Department of Materials and Manufacturing Technology CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden 2011 Tailoring of Transition Metal Silicides as Protective Thin Films on Austenitic Stainless Steel PUI LAM TAM ISBN 978-91-7385-560-0 © PUI LAM TAM 2011 Doktorsavhandlingar vid Chalmers tekniska högskola Ny series nr 3241 ISSN 0346-718X Department of Materials and Manufacturing Technology Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Tel: +46 (0)31-772 1000 Fax: +46 (0)31-772 1310 www.chalmers.se Printed by Chalmers Reproservice Göteborg, Sweden 2011 Abstract Transition metal silicide is an important material used in microelectronic devices and a possible candidate for high temperature application. The objective of this study is trying to make use of this material in a new way as protective thin films on engineering materials. The brittle nature of the silicides can thus be compensated by the ductile bulk material and the surface corrosion resistance can be improved. The choices of thin film constituents are targeted at the transition metal elements including titanium (Ti, Z = 22), chromium (Cr, Z = 24), iron (Fe, Z = 26) and nickel (Ni, Z = 28) in combination with silicon (Si, Z = 14) to form the binary-component intermetallic compounds by means of ion-beam sputter deposition, which was carried out in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber at 10 -6 Pa. The chosen substrate material is AISI 304 stainless steel. Thin film characterisations were conducted by means of surface analysing instruments: X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and grazing incidence X-ray diffractometer (GIXRD).
    [Show full text]
  • 0 2 0 Material Safety Data Sheet
    He a lt h 2 0 Fire 0 2 0 Re a c t iv it y 0 Pe rs o n a l Pro t e c t io n E Material Safety Data Sheet Potassium nitrate MSDS Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification Product Name: Potassium nitrate Contact Information: Catalog Codes: SLP4009, SLP3001, SLP4816, SLP1987 Sciencelab.com, Inc. 14025 Smith Rd. CAS#: 7757-79-1 Houston, Texas 77396 RTECS: TT370000 US Sales: 1-800-901-7247 International Sales: 1-281-441-4400 TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Potassium nitrate Order Online: ScienceLab.com CI#: Not available. CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call: Synonym: Nitric Acid, potassium salt; saltpeter 1-800-424-9300 Chemical Name: Potassium Nitrate International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887 Chemical Formula: KNO3 For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400 Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight Potassium nitrate 7757-79-1 100 Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Potassium nitrate: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 3750 mg/kg [Rat]. 1901 mg/kg [Rabbit]. Section 3: Hazards Identification Potential Acute Health Effects: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation (lung irritant). Prolonged exposure may result in skin burns and ulcerations. Over-exposure by inhalation may cause respiratory irritation. Potential Chronic Health Effects: CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance may be toxic to blood, kidneys, central nervous system (CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Section 4: First Aid Measures Eye Contact: Check for and remove any contact lenses.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mechanism Behind the Calcium Aluminum Silicide Ternary Structural Preference and the Origin of Its Semimetal Behavior
    THE MECHANISM BEHIND THE CALCIUM ALUMINUM SILICIDE TERNARY STRUCTURAL PREFERENCE AND THE ORIGIN OF ITS SEMIMETAL BEHAVIOR by Torey Elizabeth Semi A thesis submitted to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Applied Physics). Golden, Colorado Date Signed: Torey Elizabeth Semi Signed: D.M. Wood Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date Signed: Dr. Thomas Furtak Professor and Head Department of Engineering ii ABSTRACT CaAl2Si2 is the prototype of the CaAl2Si2 class of Zintl structures established to be useful as thermoelectrics. We propose that CaAl2Si2 be interpreted as an ordinary covalently bonded, tetrahedrally coordinated quasi-semiconductor consisting of a large distortion of the wurtzite structure with the almost fully ionized Ca inserted at an interstitial site. We support this interpretation via a structural mapping and calculations for both a charged binary primitive cell and a Si4 primitive cell. Our intent is to explain the unusual structure of the CaAl2Si2 class of semiconductors, the origin of its semimetallic behavior, the basis for its stability and the effect of substituting other column II atoms for Ca on these properties. To be clear, this work does not examine the nature of the true band gap, or the transport coefficients of CaAl2Si2. GW corrections are not discussed, in view of the focus on the origins of stability of this peculiar structure. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT . iii LIST OF FIGURES . vi LIST OF TABLES . xi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . xii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Thermoelectric Materials . 2 1.2 Thermoelectric Efficiency .
    [Show full text]
  • Critical Issues in the Heteroepitaxial Growth of Alkaline-Earth Oxides on Silicon J
    Critical issues in the heteroepitaxial growth of alkaline-earth oxides on silicon J. Lettieri, J. H. Haeni, and D. G. Schlom Citation: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 20, 1332 (2002); doi: 10.1116/1.1482710 View online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1482710 View Table of Contents: http://scitation.aip.org/content/avs/journal/jvsta/20/4?ver=pdfcov Published by the AVS: Science & Technology of Materials, Interfaces, and Processing Articles you may be interested in Theoretical investigation of the alkaline-earth dihydrides from relativistic all-electron, pseudopotential, and density-functional study J. Chem. Phys. 126, 104307 (2007); 10.1063/1.2437213 Interface formation during molecular beam epitaxial growth of neodymium oxide on silicon J. Appl. Phys. 99, 074105 (2006); 10.1063/1.2188051 Hetero-epitaxy of perovskite oxides on GaAs ( 001 ) by molecular beam epitaxy Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1217 (2004); 10.1063/1.1783016 In situ observation of epitaxial growth of [Au/Co/Cu] and [Cu/Co/Au] superlattices and their magnetic interface anisotropies J. Appl. Phys. 90, 5104 (2001); 10.1063/1.1413230 Stranski-Krastanov growth of Al on Cr layers during molecular-beam epitaxial growth and its influence on the structure of epitaxial (001) Al/Cr superlattices J. Appl. Phys. 87, 159 (2000); 10.1063/1.371838 Redistribution subject to AVS license or copyright; see http://scitation.aip.org/termsconditions. Download to IP: 128.84.143.26 On: Tue, 16 Jun 2015 17:57:48 Critical issues in the heteroepitaxial growth of alkaline-earth oxides on silicon J. Lettieri, J. H. Haeni, and D.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissolution and Clarification of Rertr Silicide Fuels*
    DISSOLUTION AND CLARIFICATION OF RERTR SILICIDE FUELS* George C. Rodrigues E. 1. du Pont de Nemours Co. Savannah River Laboratory Aiken, SC 29808 XA04C1501 Abstract SRP may reprocess spent REM fuel as early as FY-85. Candidate RERTR fuels include uranium oxides, aluminides, and sicides. Much less is known about the behavior of uranium sicides during Purex reprocessing than either uranium oxides or aluminides. Studies were performed at SRL with RERTR silicide fuels to ensure their reprocessability. The results of dis- solution and head-end clarification studies with both unirradiated and irradiated fuel are presented. Introduction Highly enriched uranium fuels from a number of foreign and domestic research and test reactors are currently reprocessed at the Department of Energy's (DOE) Savannah River Plant (SRP). The objective of the Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor (RERTR) program is to demonstrate on- version of these reactors to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels to reduce the potential for diversion of highly enriched uranium. Ideally, this conver- sion should be accomplished without changing the fuel configuration or de- grading reactor performance. Conversion to LEU under these constraints requires that the new fuel elements contain up to 41/2 times as much total uranium. Advanced powder metallurgy fabrication techniques utilizing high density oxides, aluminides, and sicides should produce reliable fuels with uranium loadings in the desired range. Candidate silicide intermetallic compounds are U3Si, U3Si2, and U3SiAl. While a good deal is known about reprocessing oxides and aluminidesl,2, information on reprocessing sicides is limited and dissolution of some uranium sicides has proven difficult. In addition, dissolved silicon can disrupt solvent extraction2j3.
    [Show full text]
  • Formation of Gems and Precious Stones from Cheap and Plentiful Materials, and Other Somewhat Sensational Operations Which Had A
    A4 PaAer firesenteed at lie 162d Meeti g of the Amzerican Institute of Electrical E-ngineers at Nez York, February 2&ti 1Q902. THE ELECTRIC FURNACE IN INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY. BY CHARLES B. JACOBS. In its early days the electric furnace labored under the burden of the prophecies of its wonderful possibilities and products, and seems to have been more or less associated in the popular mind with the production of diamonds from amorphous carbon, the formation of gems and precious stones from cheap and plentiful materials, and other somewhat sensational operations which had a tendency to obscure, for a time, the knowledge of its useful- ness in the field of industrial chemistry. Notwithstanding the fact that DeChalmot, the Cowles brothers and others, had been operating the electric furnace for some years in the production of alloys from very refractory ores, it was not until Acheson produced carbide of silicon, Willson obtained carbide of calcium in commercial quantities, and Moissan pub- lishbd his scientific investigations in Le Four Electrique, that the value of the electric furnace for the production of substances use- ful in the arts began to be generally recognized. Since that time, however, its field of usefulness has been steadily increasing until it is now obtaining recognition as an im- portant factor in industrial chemistry. Reference to the patent lists of the various countries will show an immense variety of electric furnaces, but they may all be classified under three general types which have been modified in numerous ways to meet the special requirements of the var- ious processes for which they are intended.
    [Show full text]
  • Jeffrey E. Lucius U.S. Geological Survey This Report Is Preliminary
    U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HEALTH EFFECTS OF THIRTY-THREE TOXIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS Jeffrey E. Lucius U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-428 August 1987 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. CONTENTS Page Introduction 4 The Properties 6 Abbreviations 13 Conversion Factors 16 Summary Tables 17 Acetic acid 27 Acetone 31 Benzene 34 Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate 37 Bromoform 39 Carbon tetrachloride 42 Chlorobenzene 46 Chloroethane 49 Chloroform 52 Cyclohexane 55 Di-n-butyl phthalate 58 1.1-Dichloroethane 60 1.2-Dichloroethane 63 1,1-Dichloroethene 66 trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 69 Dimethyl sulfoxide 71 1,4-Dioxane 74 Ethanol 77 Ethylbenzene 81 Ethylene dibromide 84 Methanol 87 Methylene chloride 91 Naphthalene 94 Phenol 97 Quinoline 101 Tetrachloroethene 103 Toluene 106 1,1,1-Trichloroethane 109 Trichloroethene 112 Vinyl chloride 115 Water 118 m-Xylene 121 o-Xylene 124 p-Xylene 127 References and Bibliography 130 SUMMARY TABLES page 1. Ranking of top 20 organic ground water contaminants based on number of sites at which each contaminant was detected. 17 2. Selected toxic organic chemicals ordered by Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number (CAS RN). Those chemicals on the U.S. EPA top 100 hazardous substances list are also noted. 18 3. Selected toxic organic chemicals ordered by number of carbon and hydrogen atoms. 19 4. Ranking of selected toxic organic chemicals by specific gravity at room temperature.
    [Show full text]