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Proposal 15234 (STScI Edit Number: 11, Created: Thursday, May 9, 2019 at 3:01:07 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview

15234 - Collecting the Missing Piece of the Puzzle: The Wind Temperatures of Arcturus (K2 III) and Aldeberan (K5 III) Cycle: 25, Proposal Category: GO (UV Initiative) (Availability Mode: AVAILABLE)

INVESTIGATORS Name Institution E-Mail Dr. Graham M. Harper (PI) (Contact) University of Colorado at Boulder [email protected] Dr. Thomas R. Ayres (CoI) University of Colorado at Boulder [email protected]

VISITS Visit Targets used in Visit Configurations used in Visit Orbits Used Last Orbit Planner Run OP Current with Visit? 01 (3) HD124897 STIS/CCD 4 09-May-2019 16:01:02.0 yes WAVE STIS/FUV-MAMA 02 (4) HD29139 STIS/CCD 3 09-May-2019 16:01:04.0 yes WAVE STIS/FUV-MAMA 03 (4) HD29139 STIS/CCD 3 09-May-2019 16:01:06.0 yes WAVE STIS/FUV-MAMA 51 (3) HD124897 STIS/CCD 2 09-May-2019 16:01:07.0 yes WAVE STIS/FUV-MAMA 12 Total Orbits Used

ABSTRACT

1 Proposal 15234 (STScI Edit Number: 11, Created: Thursday, May 9, 2019 at 3:01:07 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview Unravelling the poorly understood processes that drive mass loss from requires that we empirically constrain the intimately coupled momentum and energy balance. Hubble high spectral resolution observations of wind scattered line profiles, from neutral and singly ionized species, have provided measures of wind acceleration, turbulence, terminal speeds, and mass-loss rates. These wind properties inform us about the force- momentum balance, however, the spectra have not yielded measures of the much needed wind temperatures, which constrain the energy balance.

We proposed to remedy this omission with STIS E140H observations of the Si III 1206 Ang. resonance emission line for two of the best studied red giants: Arcturus (alpha Boo: K2 III) and (alpha Tau: K5 III), both of which have detailed semi-empirical wind velocity models. The relative optical depths of wind scattered absorption in Si III 1206 Ang., O I 1303 Ang. triplet., C II 1335 Ang., and existing Mg II h & k and Fe II profiles give the wind temperatures through the thermally controlled ionization balance. The new temperature constraints will be used to test existing semi-empirical models by comparision with multi-frequency JVLA radio fluxes, and also to constrain the flux-tube geometry and wave energy spectrum of magnetic wave-driven winds.

OBSERVING DESCRIPTION General:

We have been awarded 10 orbits to observe 2 bright K giants at the Si III 1206 Angstrom emission line with the E140H setting. Additional emission line diagnostics lie shortward (C III 1175) and longward(O I 1303, C II 1335, and Si IV 1402) of this region.

Both stars have been observed with HST and IUE in this region, and these spectra are used for the SCIENCE ETC calculations.

Alpha Boo has 4 orbits allocated and alpha Tau, which is slightly fainter in the FUV, has 6 orbits. We schedule a single 4-orbit Visiit for alpha Boo (to avoid being too wasteful), and two 3-orbit Visits foir alpha Tau to aid scheduling.

We are using 2 E140H settings: i1271 and i1307 to place the Si III 1206 line at different positions on the detector, and to capture as much additional spectra shortward and longward as possible.

We request GO WAVE observations of 50 sec (for both setting) that are deeper than the default exposures. We use the 0.2x0.2 arcsec aperture for SCIENCE and WAVE observations.

2 Proposal 15234 (STScI Edit Number: 11, Created: Thursday, May 9, 2019 at 3:01:07 PM Eastern Standard Time) - Overview

Details:

ACQ: we acquire the target using the STIS/CCD woth the F25ND5 aperture as these stars are very bright in the optical: alpha Boo V=-0.05, alpha Tau=0.86. We use the Pickles K3 III (alpha Boo) and K5 III (alpha Tau) synthetic spectra for the ETC

ACQ/PEAK: For both stars we use the STIS/CCD with the G430M at 3680 Ang. (alpha Boo) and 3960 Ang. (alpha Tau) with the 0.2x0.05ND apertture.

SCIENCE: all science observations use the 0.2x0.2 arcsec aperture. We use 2 settings: i1271 and i1307 splitting the observing time approximately equally between the two.

WAVE: we specify 50 sec exposures (with the 0.2x0.2 arcsec aperture). These are deeper than the defaults. Each Visit contains 2 WAVE exposures: one at the beginning of the Visit and one inserted during occultation before a following science observation. This occurs during the GS Reacq.

3 Proposal 15234-AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01)CollectingtheMissingPiece ofthePuzzle:TheWindTemperaturesA... Fixed Targets Diagnostics Visit Extended=NO Description=[K III-I] Category= Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (3) # (Alpha Boo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01))Warning(OrbitPlanner):ORBITAL VISIBILITYOVERRUN (Alpha Boo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01))Warning(OrbitPlanner):ORBITAL VISIBILITYOVERRUN (Alpha Boo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01))Warning(OrbitPlanner):ORBITAL VISIBILITYOVERRUN (Alpha Boo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01))Warning(OrbitPlanner):ORBITALVISIBILITYOVERRUN Special Requirements:(none) Scientific Instruments:STIS/CCD,STIS/FUV-MAMA Diagnostic Status:Warning Proposal 15234,AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01),failed Alt Name2:ARCTURUS BOO Alt Name1:ALPHA- HD124897 Name Equinox: J2000 Dec: +191056.67(19.18241d) RA: 141539.6721(213.9153004d) Target Coordinates :-5.2km/sec ofPosition:2000 Parallax: 0.0888" Proper MotionDec:-2000.0mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-1093.39mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections 4 V=-0.05+/-0.1 Fluxes Reference Frame:ICRS Miscellaneous Thu May0920:01:08GMT2019 Proposal 15234-AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01)CollectingtheMissingPiece ofthePuzzle:TheWindTemperaturesA... Exposures Comments: Finalwavecalduring occultation 10 9 Comments: Using 4/5 buffer-timerule 8 Comments: deeperthandefaultexposure foroptimumwavecl 7 Comments: usingthe4/5Buffertime rule 6 Comments: deeperthandefaultexposureforoptimumwavecl 5 Using the4/5buffertimerule. Comments: Expapprox 4 Comments: deeperexposureforoptimumwavcalsolution 3 Sourceonly375,515.122s-1 Global CountRates Comments: PicklesK3IIImodel 2 Time toSaturation=1.57sec Sourceonly445,758.088 Global CountRates Comments: PicklesK3IIIModel 1 # for H-1307 WAVECAL 08754) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 4:H-1 09291) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 3:H-1 GS REACQ tation during during occul for H-1307 WAVECAL 09285) (STIS.sp.10 271 orbit 2:H-1 ion ning occultat during begin for H-1271 WAVECAL 09285) (STIS.sp.10 271 orbit 1:H-1 exposure or following or H-1271f WAVCAL f 09275) (STIS.sp.10 ACQ/PEAK 9278) (STIS.ta.100 Target ACQ (ETC Run) Label WAVE (3) HD124897 WAVE (3) HD124897 (3) HD124897 Target WAVE (3) HD124897 (3) HD124897 WAVE (3) HD124897 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.05ND STIS/CCD, ACQ/PEAK, STIS/CCD, ACQ,F25ND5 Config,Mode,Aperture 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 3680 A G430M MIRROR Spectral Els. 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H 0.0; BUFFER-TIME=69 9.0 BUFFER-TIME=68 WAVECAL=NO; Opt. Params. 7.0 BUFFER-TIME=64 WAVECAL=NO; 7.0 BUFFER-TIME=64 WAVECAL=NO; WAVECAL=NO 5 Special Reqs. Groups 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) [==>] 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) Exp. Time(Total)/[ActualDur.] [==>] 50 Secs(50 Secs) [==>2964.0 Secs ] 2800. Secs(2964 Secs) [==>2897.0 Secs] 2800.0 Secs(2897Secs) [==>] 50 Secs(50Secs) [==>2964.0 Secs] 2700.0 Secs(2964Secs) [==>] 50 Secs(50Secs) [==>1656.0 Secs] 1600.0 Secs(1656Secs) [==>] 50 Secs(50Secs) [==>] Orbit [1] [4] [4] [3] [3] [2] [2] [1] [1] [1] Proposal 15234-AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(01)CollectingtheMissingPiece ofthePuzzle:TheWindTemperaturesA... Orbit Structure 6 Proposal 15234 - Alpha Boo (K2 III) 4-orbit Single Vist (01) - Collecting the Missing Piece of the Puzzle: The Wind Temperatures of A...

7 Proposal 15234-AlphaTau(K5III)FirstVisit(02)CollectingtheMissingPieceof Puzzle: TheWindTemperaturesofArcturus... Exposures Fixed Targets Visit Comments: 4/5buffer timeruleapplied 7 Comments: Deeperthandefaultexposure foroptimumwavecal 6 Comments: Using4/5buffer-timerule 5 4 Comments: 4/5buffer-timeruleused 3 Comments: Deeperthandefaulexpsosureforoptimumwavecal 2 Sourceonly257,844.378 Global CountRates Comments: PicklesK5IIImodel 1 # Extended=NO Description=[K III-I] Category=STAR Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (4) # Special Requirements:(none) Scientific Instruments:STIS/CCD,STIS/FUV-MAMA Diagnostic Status:NoDiagnostics Proposal 15234,AlphaTau(K5III)FirstVisit(02),completed 09309) (STIS.sp.10 271 orbit 3:H-1 for H-1271 WAVECAL 09308) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 2:H-1 for H-1307 WAVECAL 09306) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 1:H-1 for H-1307 WAVECAL 9299) (STIS.ta.100 CQ TARGET-A (ETC Run) Label ALDEBARAN Alt Name2: TAU Alt Name1:ALPHA- HD29139 Name WAVE (4) HD29139 Target (4) HD29139 WAVE (4) HD29139 WAVE (4) HD29139 Equinox: J2000 Dec: +163033.49(16.50930d) RA: 043555.2391(68.9801629d) Target Coordinates 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, STIS/CCD, ACQ,F25ND5 Config,Mode,Aperture E140H 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H MIRROR Spectral Els. 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 1307 A E140H 1307 A Radial Velocity:54.3km/sec Epoch ofPosition:2000 Parallax: 0.0489" Proper MotionDec:-188.94mas/yr Proper MotionRA:63.45mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections 88.0 BUFFER-TIME=11 WAVECAL=NO; Opt. Params. 63.0 BUFFER-TIME=12 WAVECAL=NO; 88.0 BUFFER-TIME=11 WAVECAL=NO; 8 Special Reqs. V=0.86+/-0.1 Fluxes Groups [==>] 2500.0 Secs(2500 Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 2800.0 Secs(2800Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 1500.0 Secs(1500Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) Exp. Time(Total)/[ActualDur.] Reference Frame:ICRS Miscellaneous Thu May0920:01:08GMT2019 Orbit [3] [2] [2] [1] [1] [1] [1] Proposal 15234-AlphaTau(K5III)FirstVisit(02)CollectingtheMissingPieceof Puzzle: TheWindTemperaturesofArcturus... Orbit Structure 9 Proposal 15234-AlphaTau(K5III)SecondVisit(03)CollectingtheMissingPieceof the Puzzle:TheWindTemperaturesofArctur... Exposures Fixed Targets Visit 7 Comments: Deeperthandefaultexposure foroptimumwavecal 6 5 Comments: Deeperthandefaultexposureforoptimumwavecal 4 3 Comments: Deeperthandefaultexposureforoptimumwavecal 2 1 # Extended=NO Description=[K III-I] Category=STAR Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (4) # Special Requirements:(none) Scientific Instruments:STIS/CCD,STIS/FUV-MAMA Diagnostic Status:NoDiagnostics Proposal 15234,AlphaTau(K5III)SecondVisit(03),completed 09308) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 3:H-1 for H-1307 WAVECAL 09309) (STIS.sp.10 271 orbit 2:H-1 for H-1271 WAVECAL 09309) (STIS.sp.10 271 orbit 1:H-1 for H-1271 WAVECAL 9299) (STIS.ta.100 CQ TARGET-A (ETC Run) Label ALDEBARAN Alt Name2: TAU Alt Name1:ALPHA- HD29139 Name (4) HD29139 WAVE (4) HD29139 Target (4) HD29139 WAVE (4) HD29139 WAVE Equinox: J2000 Dec: +163033.49(16.50930d) RA: 043555.2391(68.9801629d) Target Coordinates 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, STIS/CCD, ACQ,F25ND5 Config,Mode,Aperture 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H 1271 A E140H MIRROR Spectral Els. 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H Radial Velocity:54.3km/sec Epoch ofPosition:2000 Parallax: 0.0489" Proper MotionDec:-188.94mas/yr Proper MotionRA:63.45mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections BUFFER-TIME=12 WAVECAL=NO; 63.0 BUFFER-TIME=12 WAVECAL=NO; Opt. Params. 88.0 BUFFER-TIME=11 WAVECAL=NO; 63.0 10 Special Reqs. V=0.86+/-0.1 Fluxes Groups [==>] 2500.0 Secs(2500Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 2824.0 Secs(2824Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 1500.0 Secs(1500Secs) [==>] 50.0 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) Exp. Time(Total)/[ActualDur.] Reference Frame:ICRS Miscellaneous Thu May0920:01:08GMT2019 Orbit [3] [2] [2] [1] [1] [1] [1] Proposal 15234-AlphaTau(K5III)SecondVisit(03)CollectingtheMissingPieceof the Puzzle:TheWindTemperaturesofArctur... Orbit Structure 11 Proposal 15234-AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(51)CollectingtheMissingPiece ofthePuzzle:TheWindTemperaturesA... Exposures Fixed Targets Visit Comments: Finalwavecal duringoccultation 6 5 4 Comments: Using4/5buffer-timerule 3 Comments: deeperthandefaultexposureforoptimumwavecl 2 Time toSaturation=1.57sec Sourceonly445,758.088 Global CountRates Comments: PicklesK3IIIModel 1 # Extended=NO Description=[K III-I] Category=STAR Comments: Thisobjectwasgeneratedbythetargetselectorandretrieved fromtheSIMBADdatabase. (3) # Special Requirements:(none) Scientific Instruments:STIS/CCD,STIS/FUV-MAMA Diagnostic Status:NoDiagnostics Proposal 15234,AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(51),implementation for H-1307 WAVECAL 08754) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 4:H-1 Q Second AC 09291) (STIS.sp.10 307 orbit 3:H-1 GS REACQ tation during during occul for H-1307 WAVECAL 9278) (STIS.ta.100 Target ACQ (ETC Run) Label Alt Name2:ARCTURUS BOO Alt Name1:ALPHA- HD124897 Name WAVE (3) HD124897 Target WAVE (3) HD124897 (3) HD124897 (3) HD124897 Equinox: J2000 Dec: +191056.67(19.18241d) RA: 141539.6721(213.9153004d) Target Coordinates 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, STIS/CCD, ACQ,F25ND5 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, TIME-TAG, 0.2X0.2 STIS/FUV-MAMA, ACCUM, STIS/CCD, ACQ,F25ND5 Config,Mode,Aperture 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H MIRROR Spectral Els. 1307 A E140H 1307 A E140H MIRROR Radial Velocity:-5.2km/sec Epoch ofPosition:2000 Parallax: 0.0888" Proper MotionDec:-2000.0mas/yr Proper MotionRA:-1093.39mas/yr Targ. Coord.Corrections 7.0 BUFFER-TIME=64 WAVECAL=NO; Opt. Params. 7.0 BUFFER-TIME=64 WAVECAL=NO; 12 Special Reqs. V=-0.05+/-0.1 Fluxes Groups [==>] 50 Secs(50Secs) [==>2277.0 Secs] 2800. Secs(2277Secs) [==>] 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) [==>2137.0 Secs] 2800.0 Secs(2137Secs) [==>] 50 Secs(50Secs) [==>] 0.1 Secs(0.1Secs) Exp. Time(Total)/[ActualDur.] Reference Frame:ICRS Miscellaneous Thu May0920:01:08GMT2019 Orbit [2] [2] [2] [1] [1] [1] Proposal 15234-AlphaBoo(K2III)4-orbitSingleVist(51)CollectingtheMissingPiece ofthePuzzle:TheWindTemperaturesA... Orbit Structure 13