Towards an Energy Autonomous Dwelling Design How to Create a More Constant Energy Supply to Limit Storage Demand
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Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Reuse of Public Heritage Buildings: the Case for Research
O. K. Akande, et al., Int. J. Sus. Dev. Plann. Vol. 9, No. 2 (2014) 237–250 ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR SUSTAINABLE REUSE OF PUBLIC HERITAGE BUILDINGS: THE CASE FOR RESEARCH O. K. AKANDE, D. ODELEYE & A. CODAY Department of Engineering & the Built Environment, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK. ABSTRACT There is a wide consensus that buildings, as major energy consumers and sources of greenhouse gas emis- sions must play an important role in mitigating climate change. This has led to increasing concern and greater demand to improve energy effi ciency in buildings. Although, there has been increased efforts to reduce energy consumption from existing building stock; the heritage sector still needs to accelerate its efforts to improve energy effi ciency and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. Presently, much concentration has been on improving the energy effi ciency of heritage buildings in the domestic sector while, the non-domestic sector has only received little attention. In particular, studies focusing on reuse and adaptation of heritage buildings for public use to achieve more effi cient use of energy are urgently required. The main focus of this paper is the need for research into sustainable reuse of public heritage buildings with reference to maximising energy effi ciency in the process of considering their conversion to other uses. The paper presents part of a broader on-going research with the aim to investigate problems associated with maximising energy effi ciency in reuse and conversion of public heritage buildings. It identifi es the ability of heritage buildings to play a role in global reduction of energy use and CO2 emission whilst maintaining its unique characteristics. -
Ruddington Neighbourhood Plan Period Is the Same As the Local Plan Period and Extends to 2028
2011-2028 Referendum Draft June 2021 Ruddington Parish Council Urban Imprint Limited |.Company number 8059162 | Registered in England and Wales Registered Office | 82 Reddish Road | Stockport | SK57QU 2 Contents Contents 1. Introduction .......................................................................................... 6 2. Background and context ..................................................................... 9 3. Engaging the community ..................................................................11 4. Vision and objectives .........................................................................12 5. The spatial strategy for Ruddington ................................................14 6. Policy overview and compliance with objectives............................21 7. Village centre policies ........................................................................25 8. Housing policies ................................................................................. 31 9. Connectivity policies .......................................................................... 33 10. Heritage policies................................................................................. 41 11. Economy policies................................................................................45 12. Design and sustainability policies ....................................................48 13. Environment policies .........................................................................54 14. Community infrastructure policies ..................................................58 -
Intelligent Buildings and COVID-19 LANDMARK RESEARCH PROJECT
Intelligent Buildings and COVID-19 LANDMARK RESEARCH PROJECT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND MODULE 1 CABA AND THE FOLLOWING CABA MEMBERS FUNDED THIS RESEARCH: INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS AND COVID-19 1 Disclaimer Frost & Sullivan has provided the information in this report for informational purposes only. The information and findings have been obtained from sources believed to be reliable; however, Frost & Sullivan does not make any express or implied warranty or representation concerning such information, or claim that its use would not infringe any privately owned rights. Qualitative and quantitative market information is based primarily on interviews and secondary sources, and is subject to fluctuations. Intelligent building technologies, and processes evaluated in the report are representative of the market and not exhaustive. Any reference to a specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not constitute or imply an endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by Frost & Sullivan. Information provided in all segments is based on availability and the willingness of participants to share these within the scope, budget, and allocated time frame of the project. All directional statements about the expected future state of the industry are based on consensus-based industry dialogue with key stakeholders, anticipated trends, and best-effort understanding of the future course of the industry. Frost & Sullivan hereby disclaims liability for any loss or damage caused by errors or omissions in this report. © 2021 by CABA. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or trans- mitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, record- ing, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. -
CX-023545: South El Monte Autonomous Building Controls Retrofit
4/14/2021 U.S. DOE: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Environmental Questionnaire RECIPIENT: City of South El Monte STATE: CA PROJECT South El Monte Autonomous Building Controls Retrofit TITLE: Funding Opportunity Announcement Number Procurement Instrument Number NEPA Control Number CID Number DE-FOA-0002324 DE-EE0009466 GFO-0009466-001 GO9466 Based on my review of the information concerning the proposed action, as NEPA Compliance Officer (authorized under DOE Policy 451.1), I have made the following determination: CX, EA, EIS APPENDIX AND NUMBER: Description: A9 Information gathering (including, but not limited to, literature surveys, inventories, site visits, and audits), data Information analysis (including, but not limited to, computer modeling), document preparation (including, but not limited to, gathering, conceptual design, feasibility studies, and analytical energy supply and demand studies), and information analysis, and dissemination (including, but not limited to, document publication and distribution, and classroom training and dissemination informational programs), but not including site characterization or environmental monitoring. (See also B3.1 of appendix B to this subpart.) B5.1 Actions (a) Actions to conserve energy or water, demonstrate potential energy or water conservation, and promote to conserve energy efficiency that would not have the potential to cause significant changes in the indoor or outdoor energy or concentrations of potentially harmful substances. These actions may involve financial -
PWM Control of a Cooling Tower in a Thermally Homeostatic Building
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 5, 142-146 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajme/3/5/1 © Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/ajme-3-5-1 PWM Control of a Cooling Tower in a Thermally Homeostatic Building Peizheng Ma1,*, Lin-Shu Wang1, Nianhua Guo2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States 2Department of Asian and Asian American Studies, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received August 20, 2015; Revised August 30, 2015; Accepted September 02, 2015 Abstract Thermal Homeostasis in Buildings (THiB) is a new concept of building conditioning. Since summer cooling is the more challenging of building conditioning, several earlier papers focused on the study of natural summer cooling by using cooling tower (CT). The goal was to show the possibility and conditions of natural cooling, i.e., under what extreme day by day conditions that it is still possible for natural cooling to keep indoor temperature from exceeding a given maximum value: since no consideration was given to limiting indoor temperature above a minimum, in fact CT overcooling would be the problem for most part of the summer. This paper presents a fuller consideration of continual operation of a CT throughout the whole summer with pulse-width modulation (PWM) control of the tower operation. The goal here is to find to what extent the indoor temperature can be kept within the comfort zone. To put it another way, determine whether hours or percentile of hours out of total annual hours that the operative temperatures are out of the comfort zone are acceptable or not in a small sample of cities. -
Thermal Autonomy As Metric and Design Process
Thermal Autonomy as Metric and Design Process Brendon Levitt. Author Loisos + Ubbelohde, Alameda, California California College of the Arts, San Francisco M. Susan Ubbelohde. Co-Author Loisos + Ubbelohde, Alameda, California University of California, Berkeley George Loisos. Co-Author Loisos + Ubbelohde, Alameda, California Nathan Brown. Co-Author Loisos + Ubbelohde, Alameda, California California College of the Arts, San Francisco ABSTRACT: Metrics for quantifying thermal comfort and energy consumption focus on the role of mechanical systems, not architecture. This paper proposes a new metric, "Thermal Au- tonomy," that links occupant comfort to climate, building fabric, and building operation. Ther- mal Autonomy measures how much of the available ambient energy resources a building can harness rather than how much fuel heating and cooling systems will consume. The change in mental framework can inform a change in process. This paper illustrates how Thermal Auton- omy analysis gives rich visual feedback as to the diurnal and seasonal patterns of thermal com- fort that an architectural proposition is expected to deliver. Thermal Autonomy has far-reaching utility as a comparative metric for envelope design, identifying mechanical strategies, and mixed-mode operation decisions. Foremost, it is a generative metric to quantify ways that the building filters the ambient environment. The use of Thermal Autonomy is illustrated through parametric building thermal simulation and analysis. INTRODUCTION There is a need for the fundamental re-alignment of how we measure and think about thermal comfort in buildings. Most existing metrics were developed to inform the design of mechanical systems. Occasionally, metrics are proposed that define when people are likely to be comforta- ble without heating or cooling systems, but these metrics are framed to avoid energy use rather than embrace the opportunities of climate. -
Building Cooling with a Cooling Tower
SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Thermal Homeostasis in Buildings (THiB): Radiant conditioning of hydronically activated buildings with large fenestration and adequate thermal mass using natural energy for thermal comfort A Dissertation Presented by Peizheng Ma to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering (Thermal Sciences and Fluid Mechanics) Stony Brook University May 2013 Copyright by Peizheng Ma 2013 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Peizheng Ma We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. Lin-Shu Wang – Dissertation Advisor Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering John M. Kincaid – Chairperson of Defense Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Jon P. Longtin Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering David J. Hwang Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering Thomas A. Butcher – Outside Member Professor, Brookhaven National Laboratory This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School Charles Taber Interim Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Thermal Homeostasis in Buildings (THiB): Radiant conditioning of hydronically activated buildings with large fenestration and adequate thermal mass using natural energy for thermal comfort by Peizheng Ma Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering (Thermal Sciences and Fluid Mechanics) Stony Brook University 2013 “Living” buildings, like living bodies, seek to maintain stable internal environments while the external surroundings keep on changing. In biology, the “stable internal environment” is called homeostasis. -
A Comprehensive Study of the Use of Lora in the Development of Smart Cities
applied sciences Review A Comprehensive Study of the Use of LoRa in the Development of Smart Cities Roberto Omar Andrade 1,2 and Sang Guun Yoo 1,2,* 1 Facultad de Ingeniería de Sistemas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador; [email protected] 2 Smart Lab, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 30 August 2019; Accepted: 25 October 2019; Published: 7 November 2019 Abstract: The New Urban Agenda (Agenda 2030) adopted at the United Nations Conference related to Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III) in the year 2016 has the goal of prompting cities to achieve the identified Sustainable Development Goals by the year 2030. In this context, cities can experiment strategies of circular economy for the optimization of resources, waste reduction, reuse, and recycling. The data generated by the components of an Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem can contribute in two relevant ways to a smart city model: (1) by the generation of a circular economy and (2) by the creation of intelligence to improve the decision-making processes by citizens or city managers. In this context, it is in our interest to understand the most relevant axes of the research related to IoT, particularly those based on the LoRa technology. LoRa has attracted the interest of researchers because it is an open standard and contributes to the development of sustainable smart cities, since they are linked to the concepts of a circular economy. Additionally, the intention of this work is to identify the technological or practical barriers that hamper the development of solutions, find possible future trends that could exist in the context of smart cities and IoT, and understand how they could be exploited by the industry and academy. -
Design of a Thermally Homeostatic Building and Modeling of Its Natural Radiant Cooling Using Cooling Tower
American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, Vol. 3, No. 4, 105-114 Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajme/3/4/1 © Science and Education Publishing DOI:10.12691/ajme-3-4-1 Design of a Thermally Homeostatic Building and Modeling of Its Natural Radiant Cooling Using Cooling Tower Peizheng Ma1,*, Lin-Shu Wang1, Nianhua Guo2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States 2Department of Asian and Asian American Studies, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, United States *Corresponding author: [email protected] Received July 08, 2015; Revised July 14, 2015; Accepted July 20, 2015 Abstract Thermal Homeostasis in Buildings (THiB) is a new concept consisting of two steps: thermal autonomy (architectural homeostasis) and thermal homeostasis (mechanical homeostasis). The first step is based on the architectural requirement of a building’s envelope and its thermal mass, while the second one is based on the engineering requirement of hydronic equipment. Previous studies of homeostatic building were limited to a TABS- equipped single room in a commercial building. Here we investigate the possibility of thermal homeostasis in a small TABS-equipped building, and focus on the possibility of natural summer cooling in Paso Robles, CA, by using cooling tower alone. By showing the viability of natural cooling in one special case, albeit a case in one of the most favorable locations climatically, a case is made that the use of cooling tower in thermally homeostatic buildings should not be overlooked for general application in wider regions of other climatic zones. Keywords: thermally homeostatic building, building design, building energy modeling, TABS, cooling tower, hydronic radiant cooling, small commercial building Cite This Article: Peizheng Ma, Lin-Shu Wang, and Nianhua Guo, “Design of a Thermally Homeostatic Building and Modeling of Its Natural Radiant Cooling Using Cooling Tower.” American Journal of Mechanical Engineering, vol. -
University of Cincinnati
UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date: 9-Apr-2010 I, Kelley I. Romoser , hereby submit this original work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Master of Architecture in Architecture (Master of) It is entitled: Borrowed From the Earth: Midwest Rammed Earth Architecture Student Signature: Kelley I. Romoser This work and its defense approved by: Committee Chair: George Bible, MCiv.Eng George Bible, MCiv.Eng Rebecca Williamson, PhD Rebecca Williamson, PhD 5/26/2010 489 Borrowed From the Earth: Semiology of Midwest Rammed Earth Architecture A thesis submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Cincinnati in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture In the School of Architecture of the Department of Design, Architecture, Art, and Planning by Kelley I. Romoser B.S. Ohio University June 2004 Committee Chairs: Thomas Bible, MCiv. Eng Rebecca Williamson, PhD Abstract This thesis explores the material rammed earth and its potential for application in the Midwest, specifically in Southern Ohio. Examining the specifics of rammed earth construction in this context will generate conclusions that have a broader application. Rammed earth construction has been used for hundreds of years in various locales for its many advantages including low material cost, low-energy processing, recyclability, indoor environmental quality, and uniquely beautiful aesthetic. The technique produces massive walls that can help mitigate temperature fluctuation, moderate indoor humidity levels, and dampen sound. Despite these advantages, there are numerous difficulties encountered in contemporary rammed earth construction, particularly in the United States. Rammed earth is highly susceptible to moisture and accepted codes and standards of practice in the U.S. -
“Prototype Energy Autonomous Building”
“PROTOTYPE ENERGY AUTONOMOUS BUILDING” Munich, 24 September 2008 BUILDING LAYOUT • 6 floors – 2 floors for offices – 4 floors for apartments • Conventional building annual energy requirements: – Thermal energy: 131 MWh – Cooling energy: 185 MWh – Electric energy: 17 MWh • Prototype building annual energy requirements: – Thermal energy: 37,8 MWh – Cooling energy: 54 MWh – Electric energy: 15 MWh Bioclimatic architecture Adopted basic principles of bioclimatic architecture ØExternal insulation Ø typical wall (double brick, 5cm insulation) 1,5 W/m2K) ØExternal insulation, thermal plaster (0,5 W/m2K) ØThermal break aluminum profiles with special crystals ØTypical profiles (plain aluminum and single glass) 3,5 W/m2K 2 SP01 32,0°C ØThermal break and triple glass 1,4 W/m K 32 ØLow consumption light bulbs 31 RESULTS OF PASSIVE MEASURES: ü50-70% reduction in heating energy needs 30 ü50-70% reduction in cooling energy needs 29 üsmaller installed power ügreat overall thermal behaviour of the 28 building 28,0°C Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations Natural – Forced Ventilation Studies Ø3D structural modeling ØAir velocity simulation ØTemperature distribution simulation ØHumidity distribution simulation (latent loads) ØThermal radiation simulation ØInternal gains simulation ØAir dispersment RESULTS OF PASSIVE MEASURES: üQuantification of passive energy design tools üMinimalisation of installed power in energy systems üMinimalisation of capital investment Computational Fluid dynamics Simulations Computational Fluid dynamics Simulations Central Solar Thermal Field High Efficiency Solar Collectors Used to cover the thermal needs for the whole building. •Winter period •Producing 37,8 MWh •Temperatures 40-60oC •Covering 100% the heating demand •Summer period •Producing 83MWh •Temperatures > 80oC •Covering 100% the heat input for the absorption chiller •Covering 100% the sanitary hot water needs. -
The Rhetoric of Neutrality. Again. Revisiting Kinross in an Era of Typographic Homogenisation Globalisation
The rhetoric of neutrality. Again. Revisiting Kinross in an era of typographic homogenisation globalisation. > Kyle Rath School of the Arts, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. [email protected] (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8336-849X) Abstract Over the past forty years, studies concerning visual rhetoric have become increasingly prevalent, seeping into multiple areas of research, from visual studies to architecture and design. Robin Kinross’s The rhetoric of neutrality is arguably one of the most influential pieces on visual rhetoric in design. The article was published in 1985, alongside Richard Buchanan’s Declaration by design: Rhetoric, and demonstration in design practice and marks an important moment in design and particularly typographic design. The article mirrors sentiments from postmodern typographic design, where stiff modernist grids, formulaic layouts and neutral letterforms were fervently outcast. Central to this paper is Kinross’s rejection that any visual medium can be described as neutral. From the mid-2010s, there seems to have been a renewed interest in “neutral” typographic application. In pursuit of “accessibility”, designers and design agencies working in the spheres of branding, motion, advertising and user-experience steadily strip letterforms of their distinctive characteristics; Published by purging them of cultural symbolism to satisfy a kind of “global palate”. In this paper, I revisit Kinross’s treatise on neutrality and explore possible reasons for a renewed interest within “neutral” letterforms within a global context. Keywords: Visual rhetoric; typography; Robin Kinross; rhetoric of neutrality; design; globalism. Original Research Themed section on Visual rhetoric and rhetorics of the visual Number 34, 2020 ISSN 2617-3255 page 01 of 35 DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2617-3255/2020/n34a23 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Introduction The choice of typeface is often telling, in that it indicates the ideas and beliefs that inform the process of design (Kinross 1985:22, emphasis added).