WORK IN PROGRESS 14 February 2011

Project Title WORK IN PROGRESSArena House, Arena Road, N14-N15 TO A5 LINK WORK IN PROGRESS 14 February 2011 14 February 2011 Roughan & Sandyford, Dublin 18. Project Title Tel : +353 1 294 0800 Project Title Drawing Title No. Revision Date By Chk'd App'd Fax : +353 1 294 0820 Arena House, Arena Road, N14-N15 TO A5 LINKArena House, Arena Road, O'DonovanN14-N15 TO A5 LINK Stage App'd PLAN AND ELEVATION Roughan & Sandyford, Dublin 18.Roughan & Sandyford, DublinDate 18. e-mail : [email protected] Tel : +353 1 294 0800PRELIMINARY Tel : +353 1 294 0800 www.roughanodonovan.com Drawing Title Consulting Engineers No. Revision Date By Chk'd App'd Fax : +353 1 294 0820APPROVAL Drawing Title No. Revision Date By Chk'd App'd Fax : +353 1 294 0820 Drawn: Job No: Drawing No: Rev: Stage Date App'd O'Donovan e-mail : [email protected] PLAN AND ELEVATION GM 10.152 Stage Date App'd O'Donovan e-mail : [email protected] PLAN AND ELEVATION PRELIMINARY www.roughanodonovan.com PRELIMINARY Consulting Engineers CONSTRUCTION Designed: Checked: Approved: Status: Scale: Date: APPROVAL www.roughanodonovan.com PD MB SMG EIS AS SHOWN JAN 11 Figure 3.5 Consulting EngineersDrawn: Job No: Drawing No: Rev: (A1) TENDER APPROVAL GM 10.152 Drawn: Job No: Drawing No: Rev: CONSTRUCTION TENDER GM 10.152 Feb 14, 2011 - 4:28pm Drawing Location: L:\acaddwg\2010\10152\Drgs\EIS\FigureDesigned: PD Checked: MB Approved: SMG Status:3.5.dwg EIS Scale: AS SHOWN Date: JAN 11 Figure 3.5 DO NOT SCALE USE FIGURED DIMENSIONS ONLY CONSTRUCTION (A1) Designed: PD Checked: MB Approved: SMG Status: EIS Scale: AS SHOWN Date: JAN 11 Figure 3.5 Feb 14, 2011 - 4:28pm Drawing Location: L:\acaddwg\2010\10152\Drgs\EIS\Figure 3.5.dwg DO NOT SCALE USE FIGURED DIMENSIONS ONLY (A1) Feb 14, 2011 - 4:28pm Drawing Location: L:\acaddwg\2010\10152\Drgs\EIS\Figure 3.5.dwg DO NOT SCALE USE FIGURED DIMENSIONS ONLY

Roughan & O‟Donovan N14/N15 to A5 Link Consulting Engineers Natura Impact Statement/Habitats Regulations Assessment

N14 / N15 to A5 Link

NATURA IMPACT STATEMENT / HABITATS REGULATIONS ASSESSMENT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 The Requirement for an Assessment under Article 6 ...... 1 1.2 The Aim of this Report ...... 1 1.3 Background to the Project ...... 1 2.0 The Appropriate Assessment Process ...... 2 2.1 Introduction ...... 2 2.2 Stages of Article 6 Assessment ...... 2 3.0 Description of the Project ...... 3 4.0 The Ecological Impact Assessment ...... 5 5.0 Natura 2000 Sites ...... 6 5.1 Designated Sites in the Vicinity of the Project ...... 6 5.2 Characteristics of the Designated Sites ...... 7 6.0 Screening Methodology ...... 9 6.1 Consideration of Significance ...... 9 6.2 Likelihood and Significance of Effects ...... 9 6.3 Surveys and Consultation ...... 10 7.0 Assessment of Potential Impacts ...... 10 7.1 Introduction ...... 10 7.2 Qualifying Habitats ...... 10 7.3 Qualifying Species ...... 12 7.4 Non-qualifying / Unlisted Habitats and Species ...... 14 7.5 Cumulative Impacts ...... 15 8.0 Specific Design Mitigation Measures ...... 15 9.0 Discussion and Conclusion ...... 18

Appendix 1 River Finn cSAC Site Synopsis and Natura 2000 Standard Data Form Appendix 2 and Tributaries SAC Natura 2000 Standard Data Form

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Roughan & O‟Donovan N14/N15 to A5 Link Consulting Engineers Natura Impact Statement/Habitats Regulations Assessment

1.0 Introduction

This report has been prepared by Roughan & O‟Donovan Consulting Engineers, in conjunction with Paul Murphy of EirEco Environmental Consultants, on behalf of Donegal County Council to determine the potential effects, if any, of the proposed N14 / N15 to A5 Link on sites with European conservation designations (i.e. Natura 2000 sites). It will be submitted alongside the Environmental Impact Statement / Environmental Statement to support the planning application for the project in both the Republic of and .

1.1 The Requirement for an Assessment under Article 6 The requirement for appropriate assessment is set out in the EU Habitats Directive (92/34/EEC) in Article 6.3 which states:

“Any plan or project not directly connected with or necessary to the management of the [Natura 2000] site but likely to have a significant effect thereon, either individually or in combination with other plans and projects, shall be subjected to appropriate assessment of its implications for the site in view of the site’s conservation objectives.”

1.2 The Aim of this Report This Natura Impact Statement / Habitats Regulations Assessment (NIS/HRA) has been prepared in accordance with current guidance and provides an ecological impact assessment for the proposed N14 / N15 to A5 Link to assist the Competent Authority in completing the Appropriate Assessment required by Article 6.3 of the EU Habitats Directive.

The NIS/HRA provides the information required in order to establish whether or not the proposed development is likely to have a significant impact on the Natura sites in the context of their conservation objectives and specifically on the habitats and species for which the Natura 2000 sites have been designated. The NIS/HRA considers the potential impact on the Natura 2000 sites in both the and Northern Ireland.

1.3 Background to the Project is situated in the north-west of the Republic of Ireland. The National Primary Roads form the main links between the County and the rest of the Republic, the N15 to the south-west and the N14 to the south-east of Ireland. The N14 link, however, passes through Northern Ireland where it continues as the A5 from Strabane until the border is crossed again at Aughnacloy where it becomes the N2 National Primary Road.

The Roads Service in Northern Ireland has been developing the planning and design of the A5 Western Transport Corridor (A5 WTC). This 86km dual carriageway scheme runs from Aughnacloy in the south to Derry in the north and includes a western bypass of Strabane. A Preferred Route Corridor has been selected and the statutory orders and environmental impact assessment for this scheme were published in November 2010.

The N14/N15 to A5 Link involves the design of a road linking the proposed A5 WTC in Co. Tyrone, Northern Ireland to the existing N15 in County Donegal. The Scheme includes a significant structure crossing the River Finn and its associated floodplain (refer to Figures 3.1 to 3.9, EIS Volume 2, ‘Scheme Location’). The River Finn is a

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candidate Special Area of Conservation (and forms part of the River Foyle and Tributaries Special Area of Conservation in Northern Ireland).

2.0 The Appropriate Assessment Process

2.1 Introduction As set out in 1.1 above, Article 6(3) of the EU Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) defines the requirement for Appropriate Assessment of certain plans and projects. In order to inform the requirements of this NIS/HRA the following guidance documents have been referred to:

National Roads Authority (Rev. 2, 2009). Guidelines for Assessment of Ecological Impacts on National Road Schemes. Appropriate Assessment of Plans and Projects in Ireland – Guidance for Planning Authorities (NPWS 2009, Revised February 2010); The Habitats Regulations: A Guide for Competent Authorities (EHSNI, 2002) EU Guidance document on Article 6(4) of the „Habitats Directive‟ 92/43/EEC (2007); and Assessment of plans and projects significantly affecting Natura 2000 sites. Methodological guidance on the provisions of Article 6(3) and 6(4) of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC (2002).

In terms of what is required to allow the competent authority to undertake and complete the Appropriate Assessment, the Guidance for Planning Authorities (NPWS 2009, revised February 2010) states:

„AA is an impact assessment process that fits within the decision making framework and tests of Article 6(3) and 6(4) and, for the purposes of this guidance, it comprises two main elements. Firstly a Natura Impact Statement – i.e. a statement of the likely and possible impacts of the plan or project on a Natura 2000 site must be prepared. This comprises a comprehensive ecological impact assessment of a plan or project; it examines the direct and indirect impacts that the plan or project might have on its own or in combination with other plans and projects, on one or more Natura 2000 sites in view of the sites’ conservation objectives. Secondly, the competent authority carries out the AA, based on the NIS and any other information it may consider necessary.’

2.2 Stages of Article 6 Assessment The European Commission‟s guidance promotes a staged process, as set out below, the need for each being dependent upon the outcomes of the proceeding stage. Stage 1 – Screening Stage 2 – Appropriate Assessment Stage 3 – Assessment of Alternative Solutions Stage 4 – Consideration of Imperative Reasons of Overriding Public Interest Stage 5 – Consideration of Compensatory Measures

Stage 1 of the process is intended to identify whether the project is „likely to have a significant effect‟ upon a European site, referred to as „screening‟. If the screening process identifies the potential for significant adverse impacts on Natura 2000 sites, stage two of the process needs to be completed. This considers any potential impacts in greater detail including whether further mitigation measures are required.

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If an adverse impact upon the site‟s integrity cannot be ruled out then stage 3 will need to be undertaken to assess whether alternative solutions exist. If no alternatives exist that have a lesser effect upon the Natura 2000 site/s in question, the project can only be implemented if there are „imperative reasons of overriding public interest‟, as detailed in Article 6(4). In essence, the work at Stage 1 will determine whether further stages of the process are required.

The NIS/HRA provides the information required to allow the Competent Authority to establish whether or not the proposed development is likely to have a significant impact on the Natura sites in the context of their conservation objectives and specifically on the habitats and species for which the Natura 2000 sites have been designated. The NIS/HRA considers the potential impact on the Natura 2000 sites in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

3.0 Description of the Project

The proposed cross border scheme will link County Donegal with across the River Finn at a point to the immediate south west of Lifford in the Republic of Ireland and Strabane in Northern Ireland (refer Figure 2.1, EIS Volume 2).

The Link will provide a new Type 2 Dual Carriageway connecting the existing N15 at Lifford in County Donegal with the proposed A5 Western Transport Corridor (A5 WTC) in County Tyrone. The proposed road alignment is shown on Figures 3.1 and 3.2 (aerial), EIS Volume 2.

The Scheme includes a significant structure crossing the River Finn and the associated floodplain, shown in Plates 1 and 2, below.

The proposed structure is an 8-Span Steel Composite Structure, as shown in Figures 3.5 to 3.7 in EIS Volume 2.

The bridge, which will have an overall length of approximately 287m, consists of a 63m main span, a 33m southern and 191m northern approach structure. The main span provides a single clear span over the River Finn, with subsequent multiple spans and associated piers over the floodplain. The bridge has been specifically designed such that it will have no pier within the main river channel and minimises the permanent impact on the floodplain habitat within the cSAC by also bridging the floodplain.

The proposed soffit level is greater than 7.56m OD, which was determined as the minimum bridge soffit level following the hydraulic analysis of the River Finn and associated floodplains.

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Plate 1: Looking South from Donegal to Tyrone

Plate 2: Looking North from Tyrone to Donegal

Bridge Construction The proposed construction method has been specifically developed, following discussions with National Parks and Wildlife Service and Northern Ireland Environment Agency, to minimise the potential impacts of the construction process on the integrity of River Finn cSAC floodplain habitat.

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A floating road will be utilised to provide access across the floodplain, as shown in Figure 11.3 in EIS Volume 2. A floating road, which is a combination of geotextiles and earthwork fill materials, enables heavy construction loads to be carried over the soft ground associated with the floodplain. The floating road is constructed on top of a geotextile layer that permits easy and complete removal of the floating road upon completion of the construction works.

Bridge materials delivered to site such as the prefabricated steel girders will be stored on hard standing or lay down areas, as illustrated in Figure 11.3, EIS Volume 2. It is in these areas that the steel girders will be braced together prior to erection. The hard standings will be of similar construction to the floating road and therefore, will protect the underlying flood plain and will be easily removed following completion of the works.

It is envisaged that the superstructure will be erected using cranes. The cranes will be supported on platforms (refer Figure 11.3, Volume 2) of similar construction to the floating road, however, piled pads will provided at crane outrigger locations to ensure the loads associated can be supported. These platforms will be removed once the structure has been erected.

The proposed bridge will be constructed over a 12 to 18 month period following the outline construction process illustrated on Figures 11.1 – 11.2, EIS Volume 2, Indicative Construction Sequence).

Drainage The carriageway will be drained using a kerb & gully system. All roundabouts shall be drained using gullies. The drainage shall outfall to a petrol interceptor, located outside of the floodplain, and from there to a shallow ditch or swale prior to discharge to the river. The primary treatment therefore takes place before discharging to this swale. Discharging through this swale will facilitate further treatment of the runoff through settlement of suspended solids and adsorption and satisfy the principles of SUDS design.

Measures to prevent contamination of watercourses during construction of the road are detailed in EIS Sections 7.2 and 7.5, and repeated in this document under Section 8 „Specific Design Measures‟.

A comprehensive description of the scheme is available in Chapter 3 of the Environmental Impact Statement / Environmental Statement.

4.0 The Ecological Impact Assessment

The relevant section of the EIS (Section 7.2) together with the associated appendices should be read in conjunction with this statement. The EIS contains the detailed methodologies, survey results and full ecological impact assessment for the project and it is not the purpose of the NIS/HRA to repeat these here.

The main finding of the Ecological Impact Assessment is that as a consequence of the bridge design, which clear spans the river and has very little impact on the existing hydrology, there will be no significant impact on the river, its water quality or the associated species. The primary ecological impact is identified as a minor loss of wet grassland (GS4) which occurs within the floodplain. Botanically this grassland is of no particular interest and it is not a protected habitat type and hence is not a Qualifying Interest of the SAC.

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The evaluation of the ecological environment and the criteria used to assess the significance of impacts in the EIS has been derived from the following guidelines:

The Guidelines for Assessment of Ecological Impacts on National Road Schemes (NRA, Rev. 2, 2009) and UK DMRB Volume 11 Environmental Assessment, Section 4, Assessment of Implications on European Sites Part 1, HD 44/09 Assessment of Implications (of highways and/or roads projects) on European Sites (including appropriate assessment)

Mitigation proposals are based on the relevant National Roads Authority construction guidance documents pertaining to the natural environment including:

Guidelines for Assessment of Ecological Impacts on National Road Schemes (2009); Ecological Surveying Techniques for Protected Flora and Fauna (2009); Guidelines for the Crossing of Watercourses During the Construction of National Road Schemes (2006); Guidelines for the Treatment of Otters prior to the Construction of National Road Schemes) (2007). Guidelines on Procedures for Assessment and Treatment of Geology, Hydrology and Hydrogeology for National Road Schemes; Guidelines for the Protection and Preservation of Trees, Hedgerows and Scrub Prior to, during and Post Construction of National Road Schemes (NRA 2007). Guidelines for the Management of Noxious Weeds and Non-Native Invasive Plant Species on National Roads (Rev 2010).

5.0 Natura 2000 Sites

5.1 Designated Sites in the Vicinity of the Project Section 3.2.3 of the Guidance for Planning Authorities states that the approach to screening can be different for plans and projects, depending on scale and on the likely effects. For the purpose of this screening exercise the likely zone of direct impact primarily relates to the zone immediately around the construction site (circa 1km radius) with the only potential impact outside of this zone relating to downstream water quality. The potential for indirect impact was considered within 10km downstream of the bridge crossing point.

The designated sites which the project could have an impact on are:

Republic of Ireland sites River Finn candidate Special Area of Conservation (site code 002301)

Northern Ireland sites River Foyle and Tributaries SAC (Site code UK0030320)

The designated sites are shown on Figure 7.1, EIS Volume 2. The River Finn forms the international border between County Donegal and County Tyrone and as such it is included within the River Foyle and Tributaries SAC.

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The following additional designated sites were recorded within 10km of the site:

Feddyglass Woods proposed Natural Heritage Area (site code 001129); and Strabane Glen Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI 058)

These sites are not listed as Natura 2000 sites and neither of them will be directly impacted by the construction or operation of the link road nor is there any connection or pathway to the site. They are considered to be sufficiently far away to make it possible to conclude that the scheme will have no impact on them. They are hence not considered further in this assessment

5.2 Characteristics of the Designated Sites

River Finn cSAC This site comprises almost the entire freshwater element of the River Finn and its tributaries. The site is selected for the following Annex I habitats:

active blanket bog; lowland oligotrophic lakes (Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains (Littorelletalia uniflorae); Northern Atlantic wet heath; transition mires and quaking bogs;

The site is also selected for the following Annex II species:

Atlantic Salmon; and Otter.

For further information refer to Appendix 1: River Finn cSAC Site Synopsis and Natura 2000 Standard Data Form.

River Foyle and Tributaries SAC This site encompasses a total of over 120km of watercourse and includes that part of the River Finn which lies within Northern Ireland, the and its tributary the River Strule and the River Derg and its two sub-tributaries the Mourne Beg River and the Glendergan River.

The site is selected for the following Annex I habitat:

Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetations (hereinafter referred to as Floating river vegetation);

The site is also selected for the following Annex II species:

Atlantic Salmon; and Otter.

For further information refer to Appendix 2 „River Foyle and Tributaries SAC - Natura 2000 Standard Data Form‟.

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Conservation Objectives The conservation objectives for cSAC 002301 were received in draft form from NPWS. They have since been published on their website.

The conservation objectives for the River Foyle and Tributaries SAC have not been published but are deemed to be as written below.

As the River Finn is designated as SAC in both jurisdictions, for the purpose of this assessment the selection features and conservation objectives of the two sites are combined and assessed together.

The draft conservation objectives for the River Finn cSAC state:

“European and national legislation places a collective obligation on Ireland and its citizens to maintain at favourable conservation status areas designated as candidate Special Areas of Conservation. The Government and its agencies are responsible for the implementation and enforcement of regulations that will ensure the ecological integrity of these sites.

According to the EU Habitats Directive, favourable conservation status of a habitat is achieved when: Its natural range and the area it covers within that range is stable or increasing; and The ecological factors that are necessary for its long term maintenance exist and are likely to continue to exist for the foreseeable future; and The conservation status of its typical species is favourable as defined below.

The favourable conservation status of a species is achieved when: Population data on the species concerned indicate that it is maintaining itself; The natural range of the species is neither being reduced or likely to be reduced for the foreseeable future; and There is, and will probably continue to be, a sufficiently large habitat to maintain its population on a long term basis.

Objective: To maintain or restore the favourable conservation condition of the Annex I habitats and / or the Annex II species for which the SAC has been selected:

Active blanket bog Lowland oligotrophic lakes (Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains (Littorelletalia uniflorae)) Northern Atlantic wet heath Transition mires and quaking bogs Floating River Vegetation

Atlantic Salmon Otter

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6.0 Screening Methodology

6.1 Consideration of Significance In terms of significance, the NPWS Guidance quotes an EC definition “any element of a plan or project that has the potential to affect the conservation objectives of a Natura 2000 site, including its structure and function, should be considered significant (EC, 2006)”.

In order to assess the likely impacts and ascertain whether a significant impact on the integrity of the Natura sites is likely to occur as a result of the proposed development it is necessary to consider what constitutes the integrity of a site as referred to in Article 6 (3) of the Habitats Directive. The document Managing Natura 2000 Sites: The Provisions of Article 6 of the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC gives clear guidance in this regard and states:

“The integrity of the site involves its ecological functions. The decision as to whether it is adversely affected should focus on and be limited to the site’s conservation objectives.”

6.2 Likelihood and Significance of Effects There is no one measure of significance, but the EC guidance suggests the use of likelihood of changes to relevant indicators to establish changes in these conservation objectives. The indicators of most relevance to the identified SACs would be the quality and extent of habitats, species present and their population size and vegetation characteristics.

For the assessment of significance of potential impacts upon the conservation objectives of each site identified, the following should be considered:

deterioration of habitats or the habitats of qualifying species; disturbance to qualifying species; and to ensure for the qualifying species that the following are maintained in the long term: i. population of the species as a viable component of the site; ii. distribution of the species within the site; iii. distribution and extend of habitats supporting the species; iv. structure, function and supporting processes of habitats supporting the species; and v. no significant disturbance of the species.

to ensure for the qualifying habitat that the following are maintained in the long term: i. extent of the habitat on the site; ii. distribution of the habitat within the site; iii. structure and function of the habitat; iv. processes supporting the habitat; v. distribution of typical species of the habitat; vi. viability of typical species as components of the habitat; and vii. no significant disturbance of typical species of the habitat.

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6.3 Surveys and Consultation This assessment is based upon the surveys and the impact assessment detailed in Section 7.2 of the Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Statement. The detailed survey results are available for review in Section 7.2 and the associated appendices of the EIS.

As an integral element of the ecological impact assessment consultation with the statutory bodies in both jurisdictions was undertaken. The specific bodies consulted with regard to the ecological assessment were:

The Loughs Agency; Northern Ireland Environment Agency (NIEA) – Natural Heritage Directorate; National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS).

In addition, following selection of the bridge design option, a meeting with both NPWS and NIEA - Natural Heritage was arranged to discuss the bridge design selection process, the construction method and the requirement for Appropriate Assessment.

7.0 Assessment of Potential Impacts

7.1 Introduction This section considers the impacts of the proposed N14/N15 to A5 Link upon the qualifying features of the Natura 2000 sites, as identified in Section 5.

As the River Finn at this location is designated as SAC in both jurisdictions, for the purpose of this assessment the impacts on two SACs are considered within the one assessment.

7.2 Qualifying Habitats Active Blanket Bog Blanket Bog occurs alongside the River Finn in the upland areas from which it flows, significantly to the west and upstream of the proposed crossing point. The River Finn at the proposed crossing point is flowing through lowland habitat and blanket bog is not present anywhere in the vicinity of the scheme. There is also no direct or indirect pathway which could link or connect the site and the blanket bog habitat. It is therefore concluded that there will be no impact on this Qualifying Habitat.

Lowland Oligotrophic Lakes These are nutrient poor lakes with vegetation dominated by Shoreweed Littorelletalia uniflorae and / or quillworts (Isoetes spp.). There are many small lakes within the River Finn cSAC, with Loughs Finn, Belshade and Derg being of note. However, these are located in the upland area to the west and there are no lakes present in the vicinity of the proposed River Finn crossing point. There are also no lakes downstream of this point into which the River Finn could flow and as such it is concluded that no pathway which could link source and receptor exists. As such it is concluded that there will be no impact on this Qualifying Habitat.

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Northern Atlantic Wet Heath Northern Atlantic wet heath is a semi-natural habitat of humid, peaty or semi-peaty character. It is dominated by dwarf shrub species and usually occurs on acidic, nutrient poor substrates such as shallow peats or sandy soils with impeded drainage. It is associated with the blanket bog throughout the site, on better drained slopes, and as such, as with the Blanket Bog habitat, it is concluded that there will be no impact on this Qualifying Habitat as it is not present and there is no pathway to connect the project with this habitat.

Transition Mires and Quaking Bogs The term „transition mire‟ relates to vegetation that in floristic composition and general ecological characteristics is transitional between acid bog and alkaline fen. It is often very unstable underfoot and can therefore be referred to as „quaking bog‟. It can occur in a variety of situations, such as the marginal lagg of raised bog. Within the River Finn cSAC it occurs at several locations, normally at the interface between bog and lake or stream. This habitat is not present in the lowland farmed landscape within which the proposed crossing point is located, and, as with the other peatland habitats, is primarily located in the upland areas to the west. As such it is again concluded that there is no direct or indirect pathway which could link the project and this habitat and as such it is concluded that there will be no impact on this Qualifying Habitat.

Floating River Vegetation Watercourses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetations

This habitat type is characterised by the abundance of water crowfoots - floating mats of these white-flowered species being characteristic of river channels in early to mid-summer.

It is notable that this Annex I habitat is not listed as a qualifying feature of the River Finn cSAC, but is listed for the River Foyle and Tributaries SAC which includes the River Mourne and tributaries - the River Strule and the River Derg and its two sub- tributaries the Mourne Beg and the Glendergan.

The habitat is not present in the vicinity of the site and was not recorded anywhere in the (approximate) 1km study area. The River Finn at this point is unsuitable for the habitat, being deep, channelized and heavily silted with the subsequent flow regime being classified as a slow flowing uniform glide. As such there will be no direct impact on this Qualifying Habitat.

Indirect impact, in the form of habitat loss, is feasible, where the habitat is present further downstream, as a result of sedimentation during the construction phase, which can have a significant impact through smothering; and as a result of the introduction of pollutants (eg through accidental spillage), in particular oils and petrochemicals, during either construction or operational phases.

The potential for this indirect impact to occur is considered highly unlikely. The bridge has been specifically designed to clear span the river and to allow for a construction method which has no impact on the watercourse (refer to EIS Chapter 11 and EIS Figures 11.1 – 11.3). Furthermore stringent pollution prevention measures will be in place during construction (refer to Section 8.0 and EIS Chapters 7.2 Ecology and 7.5 Hydrology and Hydrogeology) and it is considered that these will ensure that no pollution event occurs.

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At operation the drainage design has been developed such that it incorporates a sealed drainage system which outfalls to a petrol interceptor and then passes through a shallow ditch or swale before entering the river. Discharging through this swale will facilitate treatment of the runoff through settlement of suspended solids and adsorption and satisfy the principles of SUDS design. The drainage design is discussed in more detail in Chapter 3 of the EIS and shown on Figure 3.8 of Volume 2.

It is considered that these measures ensure that there will be no significant impact on water quality during either the construction or operational phases and as such it is concluded that there will be no impact on this Qualifying Habitat.

7.3 Qualifying Species Atlantic Salmon The River Finn at this point is deep, channelized and heavily silted with the subsequent flow regime being classified as a slow flowing uniform glide. As a consequence there is no salmon spawning habitat present in the vicinity of the crossing point or downstream. However there is expected to be regular passage of adult fish moving upstream to spawn and smolts moving downstream to the sea.

Salmon may use the area as a lie-up while waiting for increased flows before moving upstream. Migration of adult salmon upstream can occur at any time of the year. Spring fish (those that spend more than one year at sea and thus are typically larger) tend to move upstream in April and May while grilse (those that spend a single winter at sea) move upstream in the latter part of the summer and through autumn with spawning occurring in autumn or winter. Smolts migrate to sea mainly during April to June under cover of darkness. All movements are mainly undertaken during periods of high flow (Hendry & Cragg-Hine, 2003).

Infrastructural projects have the potential to impact salmon in a number of ways: Habitat Loss Habitat Fragmentation Disturbance Pollution and water quality deterioration

Habitat Loss As the bridge is a clear span structure, the construction of which requires no in-river works, there will be no loss of or impact on the in-river habitat present. Similarly no culverting of any fishery interest stream will be undertaken as part of this project and hence it is concluded that no loss of salmon habitat will occur.

Habitat Fragmentation Structures built within or across watercourses can potentially inhibit the migration of fish through the watercourse, preventing adults reaching spawning habitat and juveniles reaching the sea. The proposed clear span structure has been designed with sufficient clearance to ensure that there will be no impact on salmon populations with respect to fragmentation.

Disturbance Noise, vibration and lighting have the potential to disturb salmon, inhibiting their movements up and downstream.

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Significant noise and vibration, such as that generated by piling, in close proximity to a watercourse has the potential to inhibit migration past construction works as it generates a spontaneous avoidance response by fish. However mitigation proposed identifies the requirement for construction activities to be undertaken during normal working hours. This allows for the undisturbed passage at night, when the main surges of migratory fish occur.

Artificial lighting at night has the potential to disrupt normal migratory movements. Lighting is to be provided along the Link Road and over the bridge, however it has been specifically developed to minimise light overspill and as a result this is not considered as likely to have a significant impact. It is proposed to utilise lighting columns no higher than 14m and to use high pressure sodium cut-off lanterns angled to reduce light spillage (refer to EIS Section 8.6.1 for recommended light fittings).

Pollution and water quality deterioration Pollution events have the potential to result in direct mortality and sedimentation can smother spawning beds and cause mortality by clogging gills. As is highlighted in Section 7.2 above, for the Floating River Vegetation habitat, stringent pollution prevention measures have been identified covering both the construction and operational phases and it is considered that these will prevent any such occurrence or deterioration in water quality.

Otter Otter are present on the river in the vicinity of the proposed scheme as evidenced by spraints found during the field survey. No otter holts were recorded in the vicinity of the crossing point on the north bank; and the detailed otter survey undertaken for the A5 Western Transport Corridor Environmental Impact Assessment did not record otter holts or other evidence of presence on the southern (County Tyrone) bank.

An area of wet woodland approximately 300m to the east (downstream) of the alignment provides potentially suitable conditions for a holt or couch, however the construction and operation of the scheme will have no impact on this site as a potential holt. Foraging by otter is likely within the drainage ditches within the wet floodplain grassland especially in early spring when animals are in search of frogs. Otter may also use areas of thick vegetation within the wet grassland as couches or temporary lie–ups.

Impacts on Otter can occur from infrastructural schemes and watercourse crossings as a consequence of: Habitat Loss Habitat fragmentation Disturbance Indirect Impacts - Water Quality deterioration

Habitat Loss No holt or couch sites were recorded and as such it is considered that there will be no loss of otter breeding habitat. There will be a minor loss of the wet grassland present within the floodplain which may utilised by otter for foraging and as temporary lie-up habitat. However the extent of this loss of habitat is insignificant with respect to the extent of an otters home range and also with respect to the extent of similar habitat available.

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Habitat Fragmentation Poorly designed structures can inhibit otter passage and force them to attempt to cross the road to access former parts of their home range, often resulting in mortality. The proposed bridge maintains access along the river bank and floodplain adjacent to the river and therefore fragmentation is not considered an issue. Mammal fencing shall be provided to ensure access onto the carriageway is not available within the confines of the scheme.

Similarly during construction the river bank shall always be accessible to otter and the works will only be undertaken during normal working hours (during daylight). This ensures that there will be no inhibition to otter movement during the construction period.

Disturbance Although there is widespread belief that disturbance is detrimental to otter they have in recent times been noted as habituating to highly disturbed areas. The presence and operation of machinery is therefore not considered likely to have a significant impact on otter and as detailed under „fragmentation‟ it is considered that up and downstream movements will be maintained.

Construction disturbance could be considered significant if it took place in the vicinity of a breeding holt. However the nearest potential holt site was recorded in a small area of wet woodland approximately 300m downstream of the construction site. This is considered as sufficiently far away for any disturbance to be considered as not having a significant impact.

Indirect Impacts – water quality deterioration Deterioration in water quality could have a negative impact on the availability of the otter‟s food resource. However, as detailed above, deterioration in water quality is considered highly unlikely and the potential for this impact to occur as a result of the scheme is not significant.

7.4 Non-qualifying / Unlisted Habitats and Species Non qualifying Habitats None present.

Non Qualifying Species Lamprey Species All three species of Lamprey (Sea Lamprey, River Lamprey and Brook Lamprey) are recorded as being present within the River Foyle and Tributaries SAC. There is no specific data available on the distribution of the various species within the River Finn. However, it is assumed that all three species are present as there is no significant impediment to the upstream movement of sea and river lamprey from the Foyle Estuary. The habitat in the vicinity of the proposed crossing does not support suitable spawning habitat for any of the lamprey species though soft sediments in the area may be used as ammocoete larvae beds. The potential for the project to impact Lamprey species is considered as the equivalent as those for salmon; as such it is concluded that there will be no significant impact on these Annex I species.

Kingfisher Kingfisher (listed under Annex I of the EU Birds Directive) is expected to occur on the river within the study area although no suitable nesting habitat for the species is

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present in the vicinity of the proposed crossing point and the clearance levels under the bridge will ensure that there is impact on movements up and down the river.

7.5 Cumulative Impacts The Habitats Directive requires that the potential cumulative impacts on Natura 2000 sites be assessed in combination with other significant projects in the vicinity.

The primary development which could have a potential in-combination effect with the proposed N14/N15 to A5 Link is the A5 Western Transport Corridor which includes the construction and operation of a section of dual carriageway alongside the River Finn (refer to EIS Volume 2 Figure 3.1). The ecological impact assessment and Habitats Regulations Assessment (Appropriate Assessment) for this scheme has concluded that it will have no significant impact on any of the qualifying habitats or species of the River Finn cSAC/River Foyle and Tributaries SAC.

The proposed N14/N15 to A5 Link has also been shown as unlikely to have a significant adverse impact on any of the qualifying species or habitats. As such it is concluded that no significant impact will arise as a consequence of in-combination effects on any of the qualifying species or habitats. This conclusion is dependent on the efficient operation and enforcement of a number of stringent control measures (refer Section 8 „Specific Mitigation Measures‟).

8.0 Specific Design Mitigation Measures

The following mitigation measures are considered as design control measures essential for the successful construction and operation of the proposed N14/N15 to A5 Link. With these measures in place it is considered that there will be no significant impact on any of the Qualifying Species or Habitats, as outlined in the assessment.

Construction Water Quality Measures Careful site management of earthworks shall involve the use of silt fences and bunding adjacent to the Floodplain and within the floodplain at proposed pier locations.

A double silt fence shall be run along the River Bank at the proposed bridge crossing and extend downstream and upstream to avoid direct runoff of sediment.

Site Compounds shall be located out of the Floodplain area and above the 100year design flood level. This ensures that the site compound is not located within the SAC.

The storage of oils, hydraulic fluids, etc will be outside of the floodplain and undertaken in accordance with current best practice for oil storage (Enterprise Ireland, BPGCS005).

The pouring of concrete, sealing of joints, application of water-proofing paint or protective systems, curing agents, etc will be completed in the dry to avoid pollution of the freshwater environment.

Fuels, lubricants and hydraulic fluids for equipment used on the construction site will be carefully handled to avoid spillage, properly secured against

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unauthorised access or vandalism, and provided with spill containment according to codes of practice.

Fuelling and lubrication of equipment will be carried out in a bunded area and will not be carried out on sites close to watercourses.

Waste oils and hydraulic fluids will be collected in leak-proof containers and removed from the site for disposal or re-cycling.

Throughout all stages of the construction phase of the project the contractor shall ensure that good housekeeping is maintained at all times and that all site personnel are made aware of the importance of the River Finn environment and the requirement to avoid pollution of all types;

All machinery and plant used will be regularly maintained and serviced and will comply with appropriate standards to ensure that leakage of diesel, oil and lubricants is minimised. Such maintenance will be carried out in areas remote from watercourses.

Foul drainage from site compound etc. will be removed to a suitable treatment facility or discharged to a septic tank system constructed in accordance with EPA guidelines.

Contractors will establish contact with the National Parks & Wildlife Service before works commence, and there will be ongoing liaison with these bodies throughout the construction process. Contractors will be in possession of, and familiar with the contents of: "Control of water pollution from construction sites - Guidance for consultants and contractors" published by the Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA 2001) (e-mail [email protected]).”

An emergency-operating plan shall be established by the Contractor (and approved by the Local Authority) to deal with incidents or accidents during construction that may give rise to pollution within the River Finn SAC. This will include means of containment in the event of accidental spillage of hydrocarbons or other pollutants (including oil booms and soakage pads).

Protection of Terrestrial habitats To minimise impacts on the floodplain wet grassland the construction area will be defined at the outset by robust fencing and confined to the minimum required for the task (Figure 11.3, EIS Volume 2). Access onto the floodplain for construction purposes will be on temporary floating road which will be removed following completion. The disturbed areas will be allowed to re- vegetate naturally.

The site boundary in the vicinity of the SAC will be defined at the outset of construction using rigid timber or equivalent robust fencing. Within the site boundary fence, earth bunds will be constructed to contain surface water run- off and channel it to a silt trap before discharge. This will entail a mechanism for containment of runoff in the event of accidental spillage to enable clean-up and appropriate disposal through licensed facilities. The movement of construction plant will be confined to within the fenced area to ensure that there will be no disturbance outside the footprint of the works.

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The location of the site compound will be outside of the SAC and selected to avoid any sensitive habitats including hedgerows and treelines. The boundary will be defined at the outset with robust fencing. Soil storage areas will be sited away from drains and appropriate measures put in place to ensure siltation does not enter the drainage network.

Otter Safe passage along the River Finn will be maintained by the clear span structure proposed in conjunction with mammal proof fencing along the road network to prevent animals from accessing the carriageway (refer Figure 7.2, Volume 2). The specification for otter passage and fencing design in County Donegal will be in accordance with the Guidelines for the Treatment of Otters Prior to the Construction of National Road Schemes (NRA, 2007). For the lands in County Tyrone, the proposed fencing will, where necessary, tie in to that proposed by the A5 WTC Environmental Statement and shall be in accordance with DMRB Volume 10, Section 4, Nature Conservation, Part 4 HA 81/99, Nature Conservation Advice in relation to Otters.

Prior to construction commencing, a pre-construction otter survey will be undertaken to identify potential new holts or couches. Appropriate mitigation will be put in place under licence from the NPWS/NIEA should a holt or couch be encountered.

Working Hours Normal working times will be 07:00 to 19:00hrs Monday to Saturday. Works other than the pumping out of excavations, security and emergency works will not be undertaken outside these working hours without the written permission of the Contracting Authority.

Operation Water Quality In order to minimise any potential for deterioration in water quality from storm water discharges the following design measures shall be used: Closed drainage system used to control and direct all runoff through treatment area prior to discharging to River Finn System. Silt traps and oil/petrol interceptor will be provided upstream of the outfall and will be located above the Design Flood level and outside of the floodplain. Outfall from the petrol interceptor shall discharge to a ditch/swale to avail of additional settlement within the floodplain prior to outfalling to the main river channel. A cut-off facility will ensure a minimum spill containment volume of 50m3 upstream of the outfall. This spill containment will be provided in oversized pipes offline from the road drainage network. Approximately 45m of 1200mm diameter pipe will be required to provide the spill containment volume. All pollution control facilities shall be fitted with a penstock or similar restriction at the outfall to the receiving channel to contain pollutants in the event of an accidental spillage.

A comprehensive list of the proposed mitigation measures is available as Chapter 13 of the EIS.

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9.0 Discussion and Conclusion

The first stage of the Appropriate Assessment process, screening, has been completed in compliance with the relevant European Commission and national guidelines.

The potential impacts during the construction and operation of the proposed N14/N15 to A5 Link have been considered in the context of the Natura 2000 sites, their Qualifying Interests and conservation objectives.

The evaluation undertaken has identified that there will be no significant impact on any of the Qualifying Habitats or Species, either alone or in-combination, of either River Finn candidate Special Area of Conservation or River Foyle and Tributaries Special Area of Conservation.

Therefore, as a result of the ecological impact assessment carried out, it is considered that the conservation objectives for the Natura 2000 sites will not be compromised by the proposed development, nor will the proposed development have any significant impact on the designated site or the habitats or species for which it has been designated.

Conclusion As a result of the ecological impact assessment carried out it is the considered view of the authors that the proposed development, with the implementation of the measures detailed at Section 8.0, will have no adverse effect on the integrity or conservation objectives of either of the Natura 2000 sites listed.

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APPENDICES

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Roughan & O‟Donovan N14/N15 to A5 Link Consulting Engineers Natura Impact Statement/Habitats Regulations Assessment

Appendix 1

River Finn cSAC Site Synopsis and Natura 2000 Standard Data Form

Ref: 10.152 July 2011

SITE SYNOPSIS

SITE NAME: RIVER FINN

SITE CODE: 002301

This site comprises almost the entire freshwater element of the Finn and its tributaries – the Corlacky, the Reelan sub-catchment, the Sruhamboy, Elatagh, Cummirk and Glashagh, and also includes Lough Finn, where the river rises. The spawning grounds at the headwaters of the Mourne and Derg Rivers, Loughs Derg and Belshade and the tidal stretch of the Foyle north of Lifford to the border are also part of the site. The Finn and Reelan, rising in the Bluestack Mountains, drain a catchment area of 195 square miles. All of the site is in Co. Donegal. The underlying geology is Dalradian Schists and Gneiss for the most part though quartzites and Carboniferous Limestones are present in the vicinity of Castlefinn. The hills around Lough Finn are also on quartzite. The mountains of Owendoo and Cloghervaddy are of granite felsite and other intrusive rocks rich in silica. There are many towns along the river but not within the site. These include Lifford, Castlefinn, Stranolar and Ballybofey.

The site is a candidate SAC selected for active blanket bog, a priority habitat listed under Annex I of the E.U. Habitats Directive. The site is also listed for lowland oligotrophic lakes, wet heath and transition mires, also on Annex I of the E.U. Habitats Directive. The site is also selected for the following species listed on Annex II of the same directive – Atlantic Salmon and Otter.

Upland blanket bog occurs throughout much of the upland area of the site along the edges of the river. However more extensive examples are found at Tullytresna and in the Owendoo/Cloghervaddy Bogs. The blanket bog is dominated by Bog Cotton (Eriophorum angustifolium), Deergrass (Scirpus cespitosus), Purple Moor-grass (Molinia caerulea) and bog mosses (Sphagnum spp.). Pool and hummock systems are a feature of the flatter areas, with Ling Heather (Calluna vulgaris), mosses (Racomitrium lanuginosum, Sphagnum capillifolium and S. papillosum), lichens (e.g. Cladonia portentosa) and the liverwort, Pleurozia purpurea, occurring abundantly on the hummocks. The scarce bog boss, Sphagnum imbricatum, is a component of some hummocks. Sphagnum magellanicum is found in wet flats by pools, while S. cuspidatum occurs abundantly within the pools themselves.

Towards the base of the northern slope and on the southern slope at Tullytresna, flushes occur with bright green lawns of Bog Mosses (Sphagnum spp.) and abundant Rushes, particularly Soft Rush (Juncus effusus) and Jointed Rush (J. articulatus). On the summit is an undulating system of hummocks and hollows, and Ling Heather is more common.

A valley bog fills the low lying areas to the north east of Lough Finn which is dominated by Deer Grass, Bog Cotton, Purple Moor-grass and Heather. Mossy hummocks occur in the wetter areas.

Transition mires or quaking bogs or scraws occur at several locations, usually at the interface between bog or lake or stream. In Owendoo/Cloghervaddy there are many examples of small lakes south of Belshade. Some of the lakes contain floating scraws of the bog moss (Sphagnum recurvum), Bottle Sedge (Carex rostrata), Mud Sedge (Carex limosa) and Bogbean (Menyanthes trifoliata). West of Owendoo River there is an extensive area of scraw with a similar suite of species but with a different abundance. Quaking areas are also associated with blanket bog at Cronamuck and Cronakerny. At Cronamuck, a small level flushed area occurs at the base of a slope leading into a flushed stream. Diversity including diagnostic species is good.

Wet Heath is associated with the blanket bog throughout the site and is found on the shallow peats and better drained slopes. In Owendoo/Cloghervaddy this is mostly wet heath characterised by Cross-leaved Heath (Erica tetralix), Heather, Mat Grass (Nardus stricta), Heath Rush (Juncus squarrosus) and Tormentil (Potentilla erecta). The heath often grades into flush vegetation dominated by Black Bog-rush (Schoenus nigricans).

Lowland oligotrophic lakes are found at Loughs Finn, Belshade and Derg as well as in many of the smaller lakes within the site. Lough Derg is a large oligotrophic lake situated north of Pettigo. This is an area of extensive blanket bogs and conifer plantations which make up the lake catchment. Typical species seen at the three lakes include a sparse covering of Shoreweed (Littorella uniflora) along the lake shores, Water Lobelia (Lobelia dortmanna), the moss Fontinalis antipyretica, Bog Pondweed (Potamogeton polygonifolius), Water Horsetail (Equisetum fluviatile) with Bulbous Rush (Juncus bulbosus) and Broad-leaved Pondweed (Potamogeton natans) in the margins.

Lough Finn holds a population of Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus). This fish is a relative of salmon and trout and represents an arctic-alpine element in the Irish fauna. In Ireland this fish occurs only in a few cold, stoney, oligotrophic lakes. It is listed in The Irish Red Data Book as threatened in Ireland. The Charr in Lough Finn are unusual in that they are dwarfed. Dwarfed Charr only occur in one other Lough in Ireland, Lough Coornasahom, Co. Kerry and they are therefore of national importance.

Charr are very sensitive to water quality and therefore changes in the catchment such as afforestation should be avoided to maintain this population. Lough Derg is also important for Arctic Char though it was last recorded there in 1990/91.

On the tidal stretches within the site the main habitats are the river itself, mudflats and the extensive reedbeds that have colonised the former mudflats. The habitats found are typically freshwater in nature. The large reedbeds are dominated by Common Reed (Phragmites australis) with some Bulrush (Typha latifolia), Reed Canary-grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and Tufted Hair-grass (Deschampsia cespitosa). Succession is demonstrated nicely within a small area with the change from mudflats to reedbeds and on to willow and Alder scrub.

Other habitats present within the site include a fringe of wet grassland/marsh along some river stretches dominated by Rushes (Juncus spp.) grading into species-rich marsh in which sedges are common. Among the other species found in this habitat are Yellow Iris (Iris pseudacorus), Water Mint (Mentha aquatica), Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and Soft Rush (Juncus effusus). Around Lough Derg wet fen type vegetation occurs in places with Purple Moor-grass, Bog-myrtle (Myrica gale), Jointed Rush (Juncus articulatus) and Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria). There is also some Royal Fern (Osmunda regalis), Wild Angelica (Angelica sylvestris) and Marsh- marigold (Caltha palustris). Other wet areas include Horsetails (Equisetum spp.),

Where banks are steeper, particularly around Lough Derg and along the deep mountain valley of the upper stretches, dry, steep slopes support Great Wood-rush (Luzula sylvatica), Heather, Bell Heather (Erica cinerea), Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum). There are areas of scrub surrounding parts of the lake margins, along the channels and on the ungrazed islands. These are composed of Alder (Alnus glutinosa), Willow (Salix spp.), Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) and Silver Birch (Betula pendula). Understory plants include abundant ferns and mosses. The Rare Narrow-leaved Helleborine (Cephalanthera longifolia) occurs on the shores of Lough Derg. This species is listed in The Irish Red Data Book and is protected under the Flora Protection Order, 1999.

Small pockets of conifer plantation, close to the lakes and along the strip both sides of the rivers, are included in the site.

The Finn system is one of Ireland’s premier salmon waters. Although the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) is still fished commercially in Ireland, it is considered to be endangered or locally threatened elsewhere in Europe and is listed on Annex II of the Habitats Directive. Commercial netting on the Foyle does not begin until June and this gives spring fish a good opportunity to get into the Finn. The Finn is important in an international context in that its populations of spring salmon appear to be stable while declining in many areas of Ireland and Europe. The salmon fishing season is 1st March to 15th September. Fishing for spring salmon is best east of Stranolar while the grilse run through to the upper reaches. The grilse run peaks here - depending on water – usually in mid June. The estimated rod catch from the Finn is approximately 500-800 spring salmon and 4,000 grilse annually producing about 40% of the total Foyle count. The Loughs Agency has a management regime in place called the control of fishing regulations. If enough salmon are not past the counter at Killygordon at a certain key date then both the angling and commercial fishing can be closed for set periods.

The site is also important for Otter (Lutra lutra), another species listed on Annex II of the EU Habitats Directive. It is widespread throughout the system. In addition, the site also supports many more of the mammal species occurring in Ireland. Those which are listed in the Irish Red Data Book include the Badger and the Irish Hare. Common Frog, another Red Data Book species, also occurs within the site.

Golden Plover, Peregrine and Merlin, threatened species listed on Annex I of the EU Birds Directive, breed in the upland areas of the site. A Red Listed species Red Grouse occurs on the site, while the scarce Ring Ouzel, another Red List species is also known to occur.

Agriculture, with particular emphasis on grazing, is the main landuse along the Finn and its tributaries. Much of the grassland is unimproved but improved grassland and silage are also present, particularly east of Ballybofey. The spreading of slurry and fertiliser poses a threat to the water quality of this salmonid river, particularly in this region as the river is subject to extensive flooding. Fishing is a main tourist attraction on the Finn and there are a large number of Angler Associations, some with a number of beats. Fishing stands and styles have been erected in places. The River Finn is a designated Salmonid Water under the EU Freshwater Fish Directive. Other aspects of tourism such as boating are concentrated around Lough Finn.

Afforestation is ongoing, particularly along the western sections of the site adjacent to the headwaters and around the shores of Lough Derg. Recent planting has been carried out along the Cronamuck River. Forestry poses a threat in that sedimentation and acidification occurs. Sedimentation can cover the gravel beds resulting in a loss of suitable spawning grounds.

The site supports important populations of a number of species listed on Annex II of the EU Habitats Directive, and several habitats listed on Annex I of this directive, as well as examples of other important habitats. Blanket bog is a rare habitat type in Europe and receives priority status on Annex I of the European Habitats Directive. The overall diversity and ecological value of the site is increased by the presence of populations of several rare or threatened birds, mammals and fish.

6.10.2006 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

Start Form

NF002301

Site code: NATURA 2000

STANDARD DATA FORM

FOR SPECIAL PROTECTION AREAS (SPA)

FOR SITES ELIGIBLE FOR IDENTIFICATION AS SITES OF COMMUNITY IMPORTANCE (SCI)

AND

FOR SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION (SAC)

1 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

1. SITE IDENTIFICATION

1.1. TYPE 1.2. SITE CODE 1.3. COMPILATION DATE 1.4. UPDATE

K IE0002301 200306

1.5. RELATION WITH OTHER NATURA 2000 SITES: NATURA 2000 SITE CODES

IE0004057

1.6. RESPONDENT(S): National Parks & Wildlife Service of the Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government. 7 Ely Place, Dublin 2, Ireland.

1.7. SITE NAME: River Finn

1.8. SITE INDICATION AND DESIGNATION/CLASSIFICATION DATES:

DATE SITE PROPOSED AS ELIGIBLE AS SCI: DATE CONFIRMED AS SCI:

200306

DATE SITE CLASSIFIED AS SPA: DATE SITE DESIGNATED AS SAC:

2 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

2. SITE LOCATION

2.1. SITE CENTRE LOCATION

LONGITUDE LATITUDE

W 7 46 0 54 48 0

W/E (Greenwich)

2.2. AREA (HA): 2.3. SITE LENGTH (KM):

5501.79

2.4. ALTITUDE (M):

MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN

-2 400 150

2.5. ADMINISTRATIVE REGION:

NUTS CODE REGION NAME % COVER

IE011 Border 94

Marine area not covered by a NUTS-region 6

2.6. BIOGEOGRAPHIC REGION:

Alpine AtlanticBoreal Continental Macaronesian Mediterranean

3 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

3. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

3.1. HABITAT types present on the site and assessment for them:

ANNEX I HABITAT TYPES:

CODE %COVER REPRESENTATIVITY RELATIVE SURFACE CONSERVATION GLOBAL STATUS ASSESSMENT

7130 16 BCCB 3110 16 BBBB 4010 3 BCCC 7140 1 BCBB

4 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

3.2. SPECIES

covered by Article 4 of Directive 79/409/EEC

and

listed in Annex II of Directive 92/43/EEC

and

site assessment for them

5 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

3.2.a. BIRDS listed on Annex I of Council directive 79/409/EEC

CODE NAME POPULATION SITE ASSESSMENT Resident Migratory Population Conservation Isolation

Breed Winter Stage

A037 Cygnus 1-13 i CB C columbianus bewickii A038 Cygnus cygnus <571 i BBC A103 Falco peregrinus 2 p CB C A098 Falco columbarius 1-2 p CB C A140 Pluvialis 371 i CB C apricaria

3.2.b. Regularly occuring Migratory Birds not listed on Annex I of Council directive 79/409/EEC

CODE NAME POPULATION SITE ASSESSMENT Resident Migratory Population Conservation Isolation

Breed Winter Stage

A067 Bucephala clangula 133 i CB C A043 Anser anser <349 i BBC A050 Anas penelope 64 i CB C A052 Anas crecca 573 i CB C A053 Anas platyrhynchos 349 i CB C A061 Aythya fuligula 87 i CB C A067 Bucephala clangula 78 i CB C A069 Mergus serrator 27 i CB C A142 Vanellus vanellus 401 i CB C A160 Numenius arquata 457 i CB C A162 Tringa totanus 56 i CB C A183 Larus fuscus 500 p BA CA A282 Turdus torquatus 1-2 p CB C

3.2.c. MAMMALS listed on Annex II of Council directive 92/43/EEC

CODE NAME POPULATION SITE ASSESSMENT Resident Migratory Population Conservation Isolation

Breed Winter Stage

1355 Lutra lutra p CA CA

6 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

3.2.d. AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES listed on Annex II of Council directive 92/43/EEC

3.2.e. FISHES listed on Annex II of Council directive 92/43/EEC

CODE NAME POPULATION SITE ASSESSMENT Resident Migratory Population Conservation Isolation

Breed Winter Stage

1106 Salmo salar c CA CA

3.2.f. INVERTEBRATES listed on Annex II of Council directive 92/43/EEC

3.2.g. PLANTS listed on Annex II of Council directive 92/43/EEC

7 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

3.3. Other Important Species of Flora and Fauna

GROUP SCIENTIFIC NAME POPULATION MOTIVATION BMARFIP

P Cephalanthera longifolia p A M Lepus timidus hibernicus p A M Lepus timidus hibernicus p B M Lepus timidus hibernicus p C M Meles meles p A M Meles meles p C A Rana temporaria p A A Rana temporaria p C R Lacerta vivipara p C F Salvelinus alpinus p A B Lagopus lagopus p A B Ardea cinerea 24 i C B Cygnus olor 30 i C B Lagopus lagopus p C

(B = Birds, M = Mammals, A = Amphibians, R = Reptiles, F = Fish, I = Invertebrates, P = Plants)

8 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

4. SITE DESCRIPTION

4.1. GENERAL SITE CHARACTER:

Habitat classes % cover

Tidal rivers, Estuaries, Mud flats, Sand flats, Lagoons (including 6 saltwork basins) Inland water bodies (Standing water, Running water) 27 Bogs, Marshes, Water fringed vegetation, Fens 25 Heath, Scrub, Maquis and Garrigue, Phygrana 7 Humid grassland, Mesophile grassland 10 Extensive cereal cultures (including Rotation cultures with regular 5 fallowing) Improved grassland 15 Broad-leaved deciduous woodland 1 Mixed woodland 1 Artificial forest monoculture (e.g. Plantations of poplar or Exotic 1 trees) Inland rocks, Screes, Sands, Permanent Snow and ice 1 Other land (including Towns, Villages, Roads, Waste places, Mines, 1 Industrial sites) Total habitat cover 100 %

Other site characteristics This site comprises almost the entire freshwater element of the River Finn and its tributaries - the Corlacky, the Reelan sub-catchment, the Sruhamboy, Elatagh, Cummirk and Glashagh, and also includes Lough Finn, where the river rises. Lough Derg and a section of River Derg, and the tidal stretch of the Foyle north of Lifford to the border, are also part of the site. The underlying geology is Dalradian Schists and Gneiss for the most part though quartzites and Carboniferous Limestones are present in the vicinity of Castlefinn. The hills around Lough Finn are also on quartzite. The mountains of Owendoo and Cloghervaddy are of granite felsite and other intrusive rocks rich in silica. The rivers in the western, upland part of the site flow mainly through peat based soils, while eastwards of the Ballybofey area the main Finn channel passes though fairly intensive agricultural land. In addition to rivers, lakes, bog and heath, the site includes native broad-leaved and mixed woodland, scrub, wet grassland and freshwater marsh. Intertidal mudflats and extensive reedbeds occur along the River Foyle. Improved grassland and arable land are included for water quality reasons. The Finn passes through a number of medium sized towns, notably Lifford, Castlefinn, Stranolar and Ballybofey.

4.2. QUALITY AND IMPORTANCE: This extensive site contains good examples of the Annex 1 habitats lowland oligotrophic lakes, blanket bog, transition mires and wet heath. Water quality of the lakes is good, as is that in most of the rivers and streams (majority classified as unpolluted). The blanket bog, which is best developed in the Owendoo/Cloghervaddy area, is typical upland bog and is fairly extensive in area. The Finn is an important system for Salmo salar, being an excellent grilse river with extensive spawning habitats. The Finn system sustains one of the only stable spring salmon populations in the country. The rivers and lakes support important populations of Lutra lutra. The upland habitats support a number of important bird species, notably Falco peregrinus and Falco columbarius (Annex I species) and Lagopus lagopus and Turdus torquatus (both Red Data Book species). Lough Derg supports the largest colony of Larus fuscus in Ireland. The section of the River Foyle within the site, along with a contiguous stretch in of the river in Northern Ireland, supports important populations of waterfowl

9 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form in autumn and winter, with an internationally important population of Cygnus cygnus, and nationally important numbers of Anser anser, Anas crecca and Phalacrocorax carbo. Salvelinus alpinus occurs in Lough Finn and possibly Lough Derg. A Red Data Book plant species, Cephalanthera longifolia, is known from the site.

4.3. VULNERABILITY While water quality throughout much of the site is good, there are some locally polluted stretches of river within the lowlands. Pollution, emanating from agricultural activities and centres of population, is a threat to the important Salmo salar populations. Afforestation already exists in part of the Finn catchment and poses a threat to water quality and fish stocks due to acidification and sedimentition. Further afforestation in the catchment could be damaging. The blanket bog and heath habitats are vulnerable to erosion due to over-grazing by sheep. Any further drainage within peatlands would be very damaging.

4.4. SITE DESIGNATION:

4.5. OWNERSHIP State : Department of Communications, Marine and Natural Resources

Private : multiple

4.6. DOCUMENTATION Bracken, J. J. and O'Grady, M. E. (1992). A review of freshwater fisheries research in Ireland. In Feehan, J. (ed.) Environment and Development in Ireland, pp 499-510. The Environmental Institute, UCD, Dublin.

Colhoun, K. (2001). I-WeBS Report 1998-99. BirdWatch Ireland, Dublin.

Central Fisheries Board (2001). Irish Salmon Catches 2000. http://www.cfb.ie/: February 2001.

Creme, G.A., Walsh, P.M., O'Callaghan, M. and Kelly, T.C. (1997). The changing status of the lesser black-backed gull Larus fuscus in Ireland. Biology and Environment. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 97B: 149-156.

Doris, Y., McGarrigle, M.L., Clabby, K.J., Lucey, J., Neill, M., Flanagan, M., Quinn, M.B., Sugrue, M. and Lehane, M. (1999). Water quality in Ireland 1995-1997. Statistical Compendium of River Quality Data. Electronic Publication on Disk. Environmental Protection Agency, Wexford.

Doris, Y., Clabby, K.J., Lucey and Lehane, M. (2002). Water Quality in Ireland 1998-2000. Statistical Compendium of River Quality Data. Electronic Publication on Disk. Environmental Protection Agency, Wexford.

Douglas, C., Dunnells, D., Scally, L. and Wyse Jackson, M. (1990). A Survey to Locate Blanket Bogs of Scientific Interest in Counties Donegal, Cavan, Leitrim and Roscommon. Unpublished report to the National Parks and Wildlife Service, Dublin.

Flanagan, P.J. and Toner, P. F. (1975). A Preliminary Survey of Irish Lakes. An Foras Forbartha, Dublin.

Hunt, J., Derwin, J., Coveney, J. and Newton, S. (2000). Republic of Ireland. Pp. 365-416 in Heath, M.F. and Evans, M.I., (eds.) Important Bird Areas in Europe: Priority Sites for Conservation 1: Northern Europe. Cambridge, UK: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 8).

Lloyd, C. (1982). Inventory of Seabird Breeding Colonies in Republic of Ireland. Unpublished report, Forest and Wildlife Service, Dublin.

Loughs Agency (2000). Mr P. Boylan provided information in a letter to Duchas

10 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form dated the 4th September 2000.

Loughs Agency, 2001. Personal correspondence from Danny Loughridge to Marie Dromey, Duchas.

McGarrigle M.L., Bowman J.J., Clabby K.J., Lucey J., Cunningham P., MacCarthaigh M., Keegan M., Cantrell B., Lehane M., Clenaghan C. & Toner P.F. (2002). Water Quality in Ireland 1998-2000. Environmental Protection Agency, Wexford.

Merne, O.J. (1989). Important Bird Areas in the Republic of Ireland. In: Grimmett, R.F.A. and Jones, T.A. (eds.). Important Bird Areas in Europe. ICBP Technical Publication No. 9, Cambridge.

Mooney, E., Goodwillie, R.N. and Douglas, C. (1991). Survey of Mountain Blanket Bogs of Scientific Interest. Unpublished draft to the National Parks & Wildlife Service, Dublin.

O'Reilly, P. (1998). Trout and Salmon : an Anglers Guide. Merlin Unwin Books, London.

Praeger, R.L. (1934) . The Botanist in Ireland. Hodges, Figgis & Co, Dublin.

Reynolds, J.D. (1998). Ireland's Freshwaters. The Marine Institute, Dublin 1998.

Sheppard, R. (1993). Ireland's Wetland Wealth. IWC, Dublin.

Young, R. (1973). A Preliminary Report on Areas of Scientific Interest in County Donegal. An Foras Forbartha, Dublin.

11 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

5. SITE PROTECTION STATUS AND RELATION WITH CORINE BIOTOPES

5.1. DESIGNATION TYPES at National and Regional level:

5.2. RELATION OF THE DESCRIBED SITE WITH OTHER SITES: designated at National or Regional level:

designated at International level:

5.3. RELATION OF THE DESCRIBED SITE WITH CORINE BIOTOPE SITES:

CORINE SITE CODE OVERLAP TYPE % COVER

800000765 800000133

12 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

6. IMPACTS AND ACTIVITIES IN AND AROUND THE SITE

6.1. GENERAL IMPACTS AND ACTIVITIES AND PROPORTION OF THE SURFACE OF THE SITE AFFECTED IMPACTS AND ACTIVITIES WITHIN the site

CODE INTENSITY % OF SITE INFLUENCE 100A B C 5 + 0 - 120A B C 20 + 0 - 140A B C 60 + 0 - 160A B C 1 + 0 - 220A B C 15 + 0 - 502ABC 1 + 0 - 701A B C 5 + 0 - 810A B C 5 + 0 - 966ABC 5 + 0 - IMPACTS AND ACTIVITIES AROUND the site

CODE INTENSITY INFLUENCE 100 A BC + 0 - 120 A BC + 0 - 140 A BC + 0 - 160 A BC + 0 - 400 A B C + 0 - 403 A B C + 0 - 410 A B C + 0 - 701 A B C + 0 - 810 A B C + 0 -

6.2. SITE MANAGEMENT AND PLANS

BODY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SITE MANAGEMENT

SITE MANAGEMENT AND PLANS

A Conservation Plan for the management of this site will be prepared.

13 Site code: IE0002301 NATURA 2000 Data Form

7. MAPS OF THE SITE

- Physical map

- Aerial photograph(s) included:

NUMBER AREA SUBJECT DATE

OS-4112 Lough Derg View of Lough Derg 200005 OS-2289 Strabane View of River Finn to west of Strabane 200005

8. SLIDES

14 Roughan & O‟Donovan N14/N15 to A5 Link Consulting Engineers Natura Impact Statement/Habitats Regulations Assessment

Appendix 2

River Foyle and Tributaries SAC Natura 2000 Standard Data Form

Ref: 10.152 July 2011

WORK IN PROGRESS 14 February 2011

Project Title Arena House, Arena Road, N14-N15 TO A5 LINK Roughan & Sandyford, Dublin 18. Tel : +353 1 294 0800 Drawing Title No. Revision Date By Chk'd App'd Fax : +353 1 294 0820 Stage Date App'd O'Donovan e-mail : [email protected] PLAN AND ELEVATION PRELIMINARY Consulting Engineers www.roughanodonovan.com APPROVAL Drawn: Job No: Drawing No: Rev: TENDER GM 10.152 CONSTRUCTION Designed: PD Checked: MB Approved: SMG Status: EIS Scale: AS SHOWN Date: Figure 3.5 (A1) JAN 11 Feb 14, 2011 - 4:28pm Drawing Location: L:\acaddwg\2010\10152\Drgs\EIS\Figure 3.5.dwg DO NOT SCALE USE FIGURED DIMENSIONS ONLY