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Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia

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Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia FOREST HEALTH CONDITIONS IN NOVA SCOTIA 2009 Annual Report Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Fleet and Forest Protection Division Risk Services Section Report FOR 2017-8 Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report Compiled by: Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources Forest Protection Division Risk Services Section Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources PO Box 130 23 Creighton Road Shubenacadie, NS B0N 2H0 Telephone: (902)-758-7226 Fax: (902)-758-3210 http://novascotia.ca/natr/forestprotection/publications.asp Report FOR 2017-8 TABLE OF CONTENTS Forest Health Staff………………………………………………………………………………6 Editing and Administrative Support.…………………………………………………….……..6 Regional Services Pest Detection Officers…………………………………………………...6 Acknowledgements………………………………………………………………………. …….7 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Report…………………………………..7 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 8 List of Tables ................................................................................................................. 10 List of Figures ................................................................................................................ 12 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 14 Status of Forest Pests ................................................................................................... 15 Insect Pests of Softwoods ............................................................................................. 15 Spruce Budworm - Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) ............................................... 15 Pheromone Trap Survey ........................................................................................ 15 Overwintering Larva (L2) Survey ............................................................................ 16 Jack Pine Budworm - Choristoneura pinus pinus (Free.) ........................................... 17 Pheromone Trap Survey ........................................................................................ 17 Overwintering Larva (L2) Survey ............................................................................ 18 Hemlock Looper - Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Gn.) ............................................. 19 Pheromone Trap Survey ........................................................................................ 19 Overwintering Egg Survey...................................................................................... 20 Spruce Beetle - Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) ....................................................... 22 Permanent Research Plots .................................................................................... 23 Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report 3 Whitemarked Tussock Moth - Orgyia leucostigma (J.E. Smith) ................................. 24 Overwintering Egg Mass Survey ............................................................................ 24 Eastern Blackheaded Budworm - Acleris variana (Fernald) ...................................... 26 Overwintering Egg Survey...................................................................................... 26 Balsam Fir Sawfly - Neodiprion abietis (Harr.) ........................................................... 27 Overwintering Egg Survey...................................................................................... 27 Pale Winged Grey - Iridopsis ephyraria (Walker)….….………………………………....28 Balsam Woolly Adelgid - Adelges picea (Ratz.) ........................................................ 30 Population Monitoring -Overwintering Nymph Branch Survey.............................................................. ...................................................... 31 Damage Survey .................................................................................................... 31 Balsam Twig Aphid – Mindarus abietinus (Koch)....................................................... 32 Balsam Gall Midge – Paradiplosis tumifex (Gagné) ................................................... 32 Seedling Debarking Weevil - Hylobius congener (Dalla Torre Schenkling & Marshall)……………………………………………………………………………………..33 Insect Pests of Hardwoods………………………………………………………..............33 Gypsy Moth - Lymantria dispar (L.) ............................................................................... 33 Pheromone Trap Survey ............................................................................................ 33 Invasive Pests ............................................................................................................... 37 Brown Spruce Longhorn Beetle - Tetropium fuscum (Fabr.) ..................................... 37 Pheromone Trap Survey ........................................................................................ 37 Pine Shoot Beetle - Tomicus piniperda (L.) ............................................................... 39 Arthropods of Importance to Human Health .................................................................. 39 West Nile Virus ........................................................................................................ 39 Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report 4 Tick Survey .............................................................................................................. 39 Pest Identification Service ............................................................................................. 40 Communications ........................................................................................................... 41 Newsletter: Insectary Notes ..................................................................................... 41 Website .................................................................................................................... 41 Extension and Outreach .......................................................................................... 42 APPENDIX I – GLOSSARY .......................................................................................... 43 Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report 5 Forest Health Staff Matthew Campbell Jim Rudderham Jacqui Gordon Gina Penny Bob Guscott Jeff Ogden Mike LeBlanc Andrew Young Keith Moore Editing and Administrative Support Wanda Dahr John Ross Walter Fanning Suzette Thibodeau Regional Services Pest Detection Officers EASTERN REGION CENTRAL REGION WESTERN REGION Derek Hart Keith Black Jamie Brown Michael Hill Glen Boutilier Brian Comeau Dolores MacDonald Allan Bland Bill DesChamp Greg Murphy Allan Jackson William Grover David O’Connor Mike Kew Alan White John Ongo Eric Leighton Terry White Vince Power Adrian Samson Ralph Williams Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report 6 Acknowledgements To assemble, analyze, and present the information contained within this report requires a great deal of effort from many individuals. Without their efforts to gather information and data, this report would not be possible. Thanks to the Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources (NSDNR) regional staff, especially the Pest Detection Officers (PDO’s), who are the backbone of many provincial surveys. These surveys would be impossible without the support of the PDO’s and their Area Supervisors. Special thanks must also go to the staff of the major forest companies. They worked with us to expand and complete a number of province-wide surveys. Without the participation of Abitibi Bowater Paper Co., J.D. Irving Limited, Neenah Paper Inc., NewPage, and the Group Ventures of Nova Scotia, there would be major gaps in our information. Appreciation is extended to the staff of the Canadian Forest Service (CFS) for their cooperation. Their research in Nova Scotia as well as the information and expertise they share relating to forest pests and forest conditions continues to be a valuable resource. Thanks are also given to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for their assistance and information exchange during the invasive insect surveys. List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Used in This Report CFIA Canadian Food Inspection Agency CFS Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada ha hectares NSDNR Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources PDO Pest Detection Officer Forest Health Conditions in Nova Scotia 2009 Annual Report 7 Executive Summary This annual report contains information on forest insects and diseases monitored by Forest Health staff and PDO’s for the period up to and including 2009. As well as information concerning our combined efforts to assist in research conducted by the CFS and monitor invasive pests with the CFIA. Eastern Spruce Budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana): The percentage of positive pheromone traps was 28%, up from 9% in 2008. There has been a general increasing trend in positive pheromone trap catches since 2002. No overwintering larvae (L2’s) were detected. Jack Pine Budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus): The percentage of positive pheromone traps was 79.8%, consistent with 79.3 in 2008. Overwintering L2’s were detected at 22% of the sites surveyed, up from 32% in 2008. The maximum L2/m2 bark was 44, down substantially from 3254 in 2008. Hemlock Looper (Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria): The percentage of positive traps was 84.2, down from 94.0% in 2008. The maximum trap catch was 168 moths, down from 395 in 2008. No fertile overwintering eggs were
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