Late Cretaceous Gastropods from the Izumi Group of Southwest Japan

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Late Cretaceous gastropods from the Izumi Group of southwest Japan

Article in Journal of Paleontology · July 1990 DOI: 10.1017/S0022336000042608

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LATE CRETACEOUS GASTROPODS FROM THE IZUMI GROUP OF SOUTHWEST JAPAN

TOMOKI KASE Department of Geology, National Science Museum, Tokyo 3-23-1 Hyakunincho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169 Japan

ABsTRACTr-The basal part of the Upper Cretaceous, mid-Campanian to Maastrichtian Izumi Group of the Izumi Mountains and Awaji Island, Southwest Japan, contains the most diverse gastropod fauna of this age in Japan. This paper discriminates 19 species and describes two new genera: Atira tricarinata n. sp., Ataphrus (s.s.) sp. A, Ataphrus (s.s.) sp. B, Globularia (s.s.) izumiensis n. sp., Lysis izumiensis n. sp., Trichotropis? sp., Deussenia takinoikensis n. sp., Volutilithes antiqua n. sp., Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao and Otatume, Nekewis sp., Nipponitys inouei n. gen. and sp., Nipponitys acutangularis n. gen. and sp., Nipponitys sp. cf. N. magna (Kalishevitsch), Calorebama cretacea n. sp., Taniella japonica n. gen. and sp., Amuletum (s.s.) sp., Biplica osakensis n. sp., Biplica sphaerica n. sp., and Cylichna sp. The family Ampullospiridae is assigned to the suborder Architaenioglossa from the superfamily Naticacea. The enigmatic genus Lysis is tentatively assigned to the Calyptraeidae. Taniella japonica n. sp. is the oldest member of the family Olividae, and Calorebama cretacea n. sp. is the oldest member of the subfamily Pseudolivinae. Occurrence of Atira, Ataphrus, Biplica, and five perissityids further supports close communication of the northwestern Pacific Late Cretaceous gastropod faunas with those of the North American Pacific coastal areas.

INTRODUCTION The gastropods were collected from eight localities, seven in the Izumi Mountains area and one in the Awaji Island area THE CRETACEOUS molluscan faunas in Japan are dominated by ammonites and inoceramids, and, in general, (Figure 1). gastro- In the Izumi Mountains area one locality (NSM- pods are uncommon. Gastropods have, however, PCL11-80-1) been the is within sub- the Shindachi Formation, a turbidite ject of works by Yokoyama (1890), Nagao (1930, facies 1932, of the 1939), Izumi Group, and the other six localities are all Nagao and Otatume (1938), and Matsumoto (1938), within resulting the basal part of the Azenotani Mudstone Member, which in the description of about 50 species. Hayami represents and Kase a marginal (1977) facies of the Izumi Group (Ichihara et al., summarized the basic information on these gastropods 1986). The sevenand localitiesre- in the Izumi Mountains area can be vised them preliminarily. Although these gastropods stratigraphically are rep- grouped into three horizons (Matsumoto and resentative of this age in Southeast Asia and include Morozumi, many 1980): in- A2 (NSM-PCL11-73-1, 11-73-3-11-73-5), teresting genera and species of importance in molluscan B3 (NSM-PCL11-80-1), and B5 (NSM-PCL11-73-2, 11-73-6). phylogeny, classification, and paleobiogeography, they have re- Recent study of ammonites from the Awaji Island area has shown that Horizon A2 is within the Nostoceras hetonaiense ceived little attention. Shells of the species described are poorly preserved and their features are often incompletely known, mak- Zone (earliest Maastrichtian) and Horizons B3 and B5 are some- ing difficult the confident allocation of these gastropods to their where near the Pachydiscus sp. aff. P. subcompressus Zone (early generic (sometimes familial) positions and their close compar- Maastrichtian), respectively (Morozumi, 1985). The discrete isons to those from other areas outside Japan. Thus, knowledge single occurrence at Loc. NSM-PC113-22-1 in the Awaji Island of the Late Cretaceous gastropods in Japan is still imperfect. area is within the Seidan Formation, which is within the Di- The Izumi Group in Southwest Japan has yielded exception- dymoceras awajiense Zone (Late Campanian) (Morozumi, 1985). ally diverse gastropods. Even in this group, however, the gas- Detailed locality descriptions are listed in the appendix. tropods are very rare and commonly can only be extracted with considerable effort owing to the nature and lithology of the IZUMI GASTROPOD FAUNA exposures. Most of the specimens described herein were ob- Close molluscan faunal similarity between the northwestern tained through the efforts of M. Tani, M. Sato, and T. Nishioka Pacific and North American Pacific Coast areas in the Late of Osaka City, S. Inoue of Kobe City, A. Nakamura of Kochi Cretaceous has long been recognized among ammonites (Matsu- University, and A. Matsuoka of Niigata University. Other spec- moto, 1960; Matsumoto in Bando et al., 1987), bivalves (Kauff- imens are from collections of the Osaka Museum of Natural man, 1973), and gastropods (Sohl, 1967). Kauffman (1973) has History, Osaka, or were collected by the author. A total indicated of 19 from his analysis of bivalves that these two areas are species has been discriminated; 11 species and two genera, biogeographically Tani- distinct from other areas and constitute the ella and Nipponitys, are described as new. These provide North new Pacific province, although they differ from each other at data characterizing the Late Cretaceous gastropod faunas the subprovincialof level. The degree of similarity differs in each Japan. taxonomic group. A number of ammonite species are common All described and figured specimens are housed in the between Section Japan and California in every age of the Late Creta- of Invertebrate Paleontology, National Science Museum, ceous Tokyo (Matsumoto, 1960), but faunal provincialism becomes (NSM-PM), the Osaka Museum of Natural History (OMNH), more distinct within the Campanian, probably due to the ap- and the British Museum (Natural History) (BM(NH)), London. pearance of fairly distinct climatic zonation in these areas (Mat- sumoto, 1984; Matsumoto in Bando et al., 1987). On the other AGE AND STRATIGRAPHY OF LOCALITIES hand, the provincialism of bivalves between these areas declined The Izumi Group is a thick marine sequence, mostly gradually of in tur-the Late Cretaceous (Kauffman, 1973). Aside from bidite origin, that consists of conglomerate, sandstone, inoceramids, and a number of bivalve genera are common between mudstone. It extends ENE-WSW in a narrow zone about 300 the the Japanese-East Asian and the Northeast Pacific sub- km long and 20 km wide along the northern border provincesof the in the North Pacific province, but no species have Median Tectonic Line from the Izumi Mountains to the western been found in common. The situation for gastropods seems to border of Shikoku. be nearly the same as for bivalves.

563

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FIGURE I-Index map showing the fossil localities.

Our knowledge of the Late Cretaceous gastropods from genus the Atira is widespread from southern California to Vancou- northern circum-Pacific areas is far more incomplete thanver Islandof and westward to Sakhalin and Japan (Sohl, 1969). other molluscan groups except for such taxonomic groups Atira as is the commonest gastropod from the Upper Yezo Group Biplica (Popenoe, 1957), Perissityidae (Popenoe and Saul, of1987; Hokkaido in Japan. The genus Ataphrus was widespread in Saul, 1988a), Tudiculidae and Melongenidae (Saul, 1988b), Tethyan and regions during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, but gyrodiform naticids (Popenoe et al., 1987). A considerable abruptly num- decreased from the beginning of the Late Cretaceous ber of species remains undescribed in Japan and California, onward. and Ataphrus compactus (Gabb) and A. crassus Gabb from previously described species are often ambiguous in shell the char- Upper Cretaceous of California and A. teshioensis Nagao acteristics, necessitating refinement of their generic and fromsubge- the Upper Yezo Group of Hokkaido are authentic Ata- neric (often familial) positions based on moder concepts. phrus. Thus, The genus Biplica is a characteristic genus in the Northern discussion of their faunal affinities remains premature. Pacific How- region. It is abundant in the Upper Cretaceous from ever, I give an account of the distribution of species and Albiangenera to Maastrichtian North American Pacific Coast deposits recorded from the Izumi Group in and outside Japan so and that extends southward to Chile and New Zealand (Popenoe, characteristics of the Izumi gastropod fauna may become 1957). avail- The Izumi Group has yielded two Biplica species, and able to other paleontologists. Of the 19 species discriminated Avellana problematica Nagao, 1932, from the Upper Yezo Group herein, 11 new species are at present restricted to the ofIzumi Hokkaido can be reassigned to Biplica. Avellana and Biplica Group. Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao and Otatume isshow also marked distribution patterns in the Late Cretaceous; the commonly found in the Lower Sandy Siltstone of the Hakobuchi former is common in the Mediterranean and northern European Group (=Unit IVb of Matsumoto, 1942) of the Hobetsu area,areas, but the latter is restricted to the Pacific area (Hacobjan, central Hokkaido, and one perissityid is probably identical 1976). to Ascensovoluta magna Kalishevitsch, (in Zakharov et al., 1984) The caenogastropod perissityids are, like Biplica, another gas- described from Sakhalin. The other seven species, referred tropod or group characteristic of the northern and western circum- questionably referred to a generic position, cannot be closelyPacific region. They are most diverse in the Upper Cretaceous compared to species from elsewhere. Nagao and Otatume of (1938) North American Pacific Coast from the Turonian onward, described only three gastropods from the Hakobuchi Group and Popenoe in and Saul (1987) suggested that many neogastropod the Hobetsu area of Hokkaido. Rarity of common species species be- described from the Upper Yezo in Japan and Sakhalin tween the two areas must be primarily due to less extensive are perissityids. L. R. Saul (personal commun.) suggested that study in the Hobetsu area. Japan and its neighboring areas are another distribution center Pseudoperissitys and Taniella are so far known only in ofJapan. the perissityids. Occurrence of the five perissityid species in Globularia is a cosmopolitan genus, and Lysis and Cylichna the Izumi Group reinforces Saul's suggestion. were widespread during the Late Cretaceous. The presence On of the other hand, Amuletum and Deussenia show another these genera in Japan is not indicative of any close faunal distribution re- pattern. Both genera are diverse only in the Upper lationship with other regions. Cretaceous Gulf Coastal Plain and the Western Interior regions On the other hand, the presence of Atira, Ataphrus, perissi- of the United States (Sohl, 1967; Erickson, 1974), and the oc- tyids, and Biplica in the Izumi Group suggests close currencesfaunal of the genera in the Izumi Group are the first recorded relationship with the North American Pacific Coast area. outside The those areas.

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SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS trocho-turbiniform, and has inflated whorls, an impressed su- Order ARCHAEOGASTROPODA Thiele, 1925 ture, steeply prosocline growth lines, and a convex base. The Superfamily TROCHACEA Rafinesque, 1815 body whorl is slightly depressed dorsoventrally owing to defor- Family TROCHIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 mation. Particularly, the spire whorls show an ataphrid shell Subfamily MARGARITINAE Stoliczka, 1868 outline. Although a thick covering of hard matrix in the aperture Genus ATIRA Stewart, 1927 precludes decision on whether or not the inner lip has a typical ATIRA TRICARINATA n. sp. ataphrid tubercle, the shell features described above suggest that Figure 2.13-2.15 this species belongs to Ataphrus (s.s.). Ataphrus (s.s.) sp. B clearly differs from Ataphrus (s.s.) sp. A in having a deeply impressed suture and more inflated whorls. Diagnosis. -Large Atira having wide shell outline, tricarinateOccurrence. -NSM-PCL 1 -73-1. body whorl, and prominently carinate umbilical rim. Material. -NSM-PM 15407. Description. -Shell large for genus, approaching 16.5 mm in height, 14 mm in width, turbinate, moderately thin, phaner- Order CAENOGASTROPODA Cox, 1960 omphalous, slightly higher than wide; spire moderately elevated, Suborder ARCHITAENIOGLOSSA Haller, 1892 gradate, with apical angle of about 70?; suture weakly impressed; SUPERFAMILY UNKNOWN body whorl tricarinate, with horizontal subsutural ramp, weakly Family AMPULLOSPIRIDAE Cox, 1930 convex outer whorl surface and base; upper and lower carinae Discussion. -The Ampullospiridae is known from the late located at ramp angle and basal periphery, middle one at or Triassic to Recent (Cossmann, 1925) and has long been inter- slightly above mid-line of outer whorl surface; umbilicus wide, diameter about half that of base, delimited from pretedbase by as belongingsharp to the superfamily Naticacea. However, study of the soft anatomy of Globularia (s.s.)fluctuata (Sowerby, nondentate rim; umbilical wall inclined, having only growth 1825), the sole living species of the family, from the reef flat of lines; aperture subcircular, tangent to body whorl, prosocline Cuyo Island in northern Sulu Sea, the Philippines, has revealed sloping about 45? relative to shell axis; sculpture of fine spiral that the snail does not belong to the Naticacea. The anatomical threads and prosocline growth lines. Discussion. -Atira tricarinata n. sp. resembles Atira ornatis- features unique for G. (s.s.) fluctuata are: 1) possession of a taenioglossate radula; 2) primitive condition of its nervous sys- sima (Gabb, 1864), the type species of the genus, from the Upper tem; 3) protandrous hermaphroditism; 4) an open condition of Cretaceous of California in having a small turbiniform shell, a pallial gonoduct in both sexes and the presence of a recepta- rounded aperture, and a wide and deep umbilicus with a cari- culum seminis in the pericardial cavity in the female; and 5) nated rim. Atira tricarinata clearly differs from A. ornatissima aphallism in the male (personal observation). The nervous con- in its large shell size, in having a tricarinate body whorl and a dition seems to be a mixture of hypoathroid and so-called dys- more prominently carinated umbilical rim, and by an absence of axial ornaments on the whorl surface and umbilical wall. tenoid systems in that the right and left pleural ganglia lie equally close to (but distinctly separated from) the pedal ganglia. The Atira tricarinata can be distinguished from all the other species combination of a hypo- or dystenoid nervous system and a of Atira primarily by its large shell size and the presence of three taenioglossate radula is unique to architaenioglossan snails strong spiral keels on the body whorl. (Haszprunar, 1988). Thus, G. (s.s.) fluctuata has an architae- Etymology. -Latin tri, three, and carinata, keeled, referring nioglossan affinity and the Ampullospiridae is placed in the to shape of whorl. Occurrence. -NSM-PCL11-73-3, 11-73-4. suborder Architaenioglossa. However, the relationship of the Ampullospiridae is not known until the soft anatomy of G. (s.s.) Type locality. -NSM-PCL11-73-4. Material. -Holotype, NSM-PM15405; paratype, NSM- fluctuata is fully described. PM 15406. Genus GLOBULARIA Swainson, 1840 Family ATAPHRIDAE Cossmann, 1918 Subgenus GLOBULARIA Swainson, 1840 Genus ATAPHRUS Gabb, 1869 GLOBGLOBULA (GLOBULARIA) IZUMIENSIS n. sp. Subgenus ATAPHRUS Gabb, 1869 Figure 2.16-2.22, 2.25 ATAPHRUS (ATAPHRUS) sp. A Diagnosis. -Medium-sized and narrowly phaneromphalous Figure 2.1, 2.2 species of Globularia (Globularia) with depressed spire; upper Discussion. -One incomplete specimen is assignable to whorlAta- surface flattened; height nearly equal to width; umbilicus phrus (s.s.) sp. A. This species is characterized by its medium- narrowly open; sheath narrow; parietal callus thick. sized, globose, turbiniform shell, flattened adpressed whorls, Description. -Shell medium-sized, approaching 25 mm in prosocline growth lines, weakly convex base, and elliptical height ap- and width, moderately thick, globose, naticiform, with erture. The presence of a tubercle on the inner lip cannot height be nearly equal to width; spire very low, with height about determined because of a thick covering of hard matrix 0.1in ofthe total shell height; protoconch unknown; whorls at least aperture. However, this species has much in common in five shell in number; suture weakly impressed between early whorls, form with some Jurassic and Early Cretaceous species suchbecoming as deeper between penultimate and body whorls; body Ataphrus acmon (d'Orbigny, 1847), from the Bajocian of whorl En- large, slightly wider than high, angularly convex laterally; gland, and Ataphrus yokoyamai Nagao, 1934, from the upperAptian whorl surface above periphery flattened or weakly con- of Japan. cave, basal area evenly convex; aperture moderately wide, sub- Occurrence. -NSM-PCL 1-73-1. ovate in outline, acute above, regularly rounded below; outer Material. -NSM-PM 15408. lip broadly rounded, inclined to shell axis at about 30?; parietal area covered by thick callus; inner lip concave, covered by callus; ATAPHRUS (ATAPHRUS) sp. B umbilicus narrowly open; sheath narrow, delimited abaxially Figure 2.7, 2.8 by a rim; sculpture absent except for prosocline growth lines. Discussion. -One incomplete specimen is referable toDiscussion. Ata- - Globularia (s.s.) izumiensis n. sp. is commonly phrus (s.s.) sp. B. The shell is large for the genus, anomphalous, found in the Azenotani Mudstone Member at Loc. NSM-PCL1 1-

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73-1 and rarely found in the same member at Loc. bique NSM-PCLl (Cox, 1925; 1- Cox in Rennie, 1935) and from the Cam- 73-5. Ontogenetic change of shell form is mainly manifestedpanian of South by Africa (Rennie, 1930, 1935). One species from differences in height of spire; the smaller specimens the (e.g., Izumi Figure Group is safely referred to Lysis as it has a discoidal 2.16) have a relatively lower spire than the larger turbiniform specimens shell, a holostomatous aperture, and a characteristic (e.g., Figure 2.17-2.22). This is due to the suture line broad, increasing sunken inner lip septum in the aperture typical of this its angle to the axis of shell coiling and running obliquely genus. Thus, across Lysis had a worldwide distribution in the latest the surface of the penultimate whorl in later growth Cretaceous. stage of the large specimens. The presence of a narrow sheath, aPackard diagnostic (1922) referred Lysis to the Thaisiidae; Stewart (1927), character of Globularia, is well seen in two of the illustrated Rennie (1930), Wenz (1940), and Anderson (1958) referred it specimens (Figure 2.18, 2.25) and is almost identical to those to the Fossaridae; and Cox (in Rennie, 1935) referred it to the of some Eocene species (Figure 2.23, 2.24). Stomatellidae. Lysis also somewhat resembles the Maastrichtian I have not found any described ampullospirids from the Cre- enigmatic genus Damesia Holzapfel, 1888, extant pyramidel- taceous that can be confidently assigned to Globularia (s.s.). lacean genus Amathinoides Sacco, 1896 (Ponder, 1987), and the Hayami and Kase (1977) referred Natica (Lunatia) denselineata hydrothermal vent limpet genus Lepetodrilus McLean, 1988. Nagao (1939) from the Upper Cretaceous of Sakhalin to Glob- However, the presence of a broad and sunken inner lip septum ularia with query. However, this generic allocation is still in and a holostomatous aperture in Lysis species may preclude doubt as Nagao's specimen does not show the basal character- affinities to these forms and suggest a relationship to the Calyp- istics and additional specimens have not yet been collected. traeidae. Systematic position of Lysis still remains uncertain. Globularia (s.s.) izumiensis has a flattened whorl surface and larger shell size and a lower spire than G. (s.s.) denselineata. LYSIS IZUMIENSIS n. sp. Etymology.--Named for the Izumi Group. Figure 2.3-2.6, 2.9-2.12 Occurrence.-NSM-PCL11-73-1, 11-73-5. Diagnosis. -Moderately small species of Lysis having mod- Type locality.-NSM-PCL1 1-73-1. erately high spire and neritiform shell outline in later growth Material.-Holotype, NSM-PM15418; paratypes, NSM- stage; surface sculptured by about 10 angular spiral cords, two PM15416, 15417, 15419-15427. prominent at periphery; inner lip septum broad, semilunar in Suborder NEOTAENIOGLOSSA Haller, 1892 form. Superfamily CALYPRRAEACEA Lamarck, 1809 Description.--Shell moderately small, reaching 25 mm in Family CALYPTRAEIDAE Lamarck, 1809 height and width, low-spired and ear-shaped like stomatellid Genus LYSIS Gabb, 1864 gastropods in early growth stage, height as great as width and Tropidothais Cox, 1925, p. 213-214. neritiform in later growth stage; spire height one-fourth total shell height in later growth stage; protoconch unknown; whorls Type species.--Lysis duplicosta Gabb, 1864, p. 138. at least three in number, rapidly expanded and separated by Diagnosis.--Small- to medium-sized, slightly discoidal, ear- weakly impressed suture; early whorls angulated at mid-whorl, shaped to turbiniform shells with holostomatous elliptical having ap- very weakly convex upper and lower whorl surfaces; erture; broad and prominently sunken inner lip septum; carinate mid-whorl angulation gradually becoming obsolete producing basal periphery; surface sculptured by spiral cords. rounded body whorl in later growth stage; base separated from Discussion.- Mainly because of the enigmatic shell form labialand area by acute carination, which continues to semi-circular partly because of poor preservation of the holotype of the typeouter lip without any angulation; inner lip septum broad, semi- species, Lysis has been one of the poorly understood gastropod lunar in outline, deeply sunken; surface sculptured by about 10 genera from the Cretaceous. Lysis is widespread in the Upper angular spiral cords, two on periphery prominent; growth lines Cretaceous of the North American Pacific Slope ranging in rugoseage and prosocline. from Cenomanian to Maastrichtian (L. R. Saul, personal com- Discussion.--Lysis izumiensis n. sp. is represented by six in- mun.), and is also known from the Maastrichtian of Mozam- complete specimens, whose shells were all obliterated during

FIGURE 2-1, 2, Ataphrus (Ataphrus) sp. A, adapertural and apertural views of a specimen, NSM-PM15407, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 16.4 mm, width 16.2, x 1.5. 3-6, 9-12, Lysis izumiensis n. sp., from locality NSM-PCL11-73-1. 3, 4, adapertural and apical views of a paratype, NSM-PM15410, height 16.1 mm, width 19.3 mm, showing Stomatella-like shell form and worn shell surface, x1.5; 5, 6, adapertural and apertural views of a paratype, NSM-PM 15412, height 24.0 mm, showing the presence of about 10 strong spiral cords on the body whorl and a sunken inner lip septum, x 1.5; 9, 10, adapertural and apical views of a paratype, NSM-PM 15411, height 17.5 mm, width 23.8 mm, showing Stomatella-like shell form and worn shell surface, x 1.5; 11, 12, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15409, height 24.7 mm, width 24.6 mm, height of aperture 17.5 mm, height of body whorl 24.2 mm, showing the adult neritiform shell outline and the presence of a wide sunken inner lip septum in the aperture, x 1.5. 7, 8, Ataphrus (Ataphrus) sp. B, apertural and back views of a specimen, NSM- PM15408, Loc. NSM-PCL 1-73-1, height 15.8 mm, width 18.6 mm. 13-15, Atira tricarinata n. sp., apertural, basal, and adapertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15405, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-4, height 16.5 mm, width 14.2 mm, height of aperture 9.0 mm, x 2.0. 16-22, 25, Globularia (Globularia) izumiensis n. sp. 16, apertural view of a paratype, NSM-PM15424, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 14.6 mm, width 17.6 mm, height of aperture 12.4 mm, having a lower spire, x 1.5; 17, 18, adapertural and oblique basal views of a paratype, NSM-PM15427, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-5, height 19.5 mm, width 21.6 mm, height of aperture 18.6 mm, showing detailed surface ornamentation and the presence of a sheath in the aperture, x 1.5; 19, 20, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15417, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 25.5 mm, width 23.7 mm+, height of aperture 22.6 mm, x 1.5; 21, 22, adapertural and apertural views of a paratype, NSM-PM15420, Loc. NSM-PCL1 1-73-1, height 24.3 mm, width 25.5 mm, height of aperture 20.7 mm, x 1.5; 25, oblique basal view of a paratype, NSM-PM15418, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 23.3 mm, width 24.5 mm, height of aperture 21.8 mm, showing characteristics of the sheath, x 1.5. 23, 24, Globularia (Globularia) newtoni (Cossmann and Pissarro), oblique basal and apertural views of a specimen, having a narrow sheath in the umbilical area, which is almost identical with that of Globularia (Globularia) izumiensis, BM(NH) G.15587, Eocene, Fresville, Constentine, France, x 1.5. 26, 27, Trichotropis? sp., back and apertural views of a specimen, NSM-PM15415, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 38.2 mm, width 33.1 mm, height of aperture 24.7 mm, x 1.5.

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 568 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990 preparation. Ontogenetic change of shell form is characteristic of some extant species of Trichotropis. However, the Izumi of this species. The shell is wider than high and trochid Sto- specimen seems to lack a weak anterior notch in the basal lip matella-like in the early growth stage (Figure 2.3, 2.4, 2.9, 2.10), and a columellar fasciole, characteristics of trichotropid gastro- but the body whorl abruptly coils downward across the penul- pods. If so, assignment to the Fossaridae may be indicated. timate whorl until the posterior tip of the outer lip comes into However, the incomplete aperture of this specimen precludes contact with the basal angulation, so that the shell form becomes this judgment. The assignment of this species to Trichotropis is higher and approximates neritiform in the later growth stage tentative. (Figure 2.11, 2.12). The carinate basal angulation is character- Occurrence. -NSM-PCL 1-73-1. istic as it extends obliquely downward (Figure 2.5, 2.6). As a Material. -NSM-PM 15415. consequence, additional spiral cords appear on the basal area Order NEOGASTROPODA Wenz, 1938 in the later growth stage. Lysis californiensis Packard, 1922, from the Upper Creta- Superfamily BUCCINACEA Rafinesque, 1815 ceous of California approximates L. izumiensis in size and form. Family MELONGENIDAE Fischer, 1884 Genus DEUSSENIA Stephenson, 1941 Packard's specimens are poorly preserved and do not show any DEUSSENIA TAKINOIKENSIS n. sp. apertural features, but the spire whorls are more highly elevated Figure 3.14 and the spiral cords on the shell surface are much weaker than those of L. izumiensis. The small specimens of L. izumiensis are similar in shape to L. suciensis (Whiteaves, 1879) (Whi- Diagnosis. -Deussenia with sparse spiral cords narrower than teaves, 1903) from the Upper Cretaceous of Sucia and Vancou- interspaces. ver Islands, British Columbia and L. duplicosta Gabb, 1864, Description. -Shell medium-sized, fusiform, with height about from the Upper Cretaceous of California. The largest specimen 2.3 times width; protoconch unknown; suture not impressed; of L. suciensis recorded attains more than 55 mm in height. whorlsA at least four in number, weakly constricted posteriorly large specimen ofL. duplicosta from the Chatsworth Formation to narrow subsutural collar; whorls angularly convex slightly at Simi Hills, California, is more than 70 mm in height (L. belowR. mid-height, having broad, weakly concave, steeply in- Saul, personal commun.). Thus, both species are much larger clined ramp posterior to shoulder and vertical whorl surface than L. izumiensis. The body whorls of L. suciensis and anteriorL. to shoulder; body whorl constricted anteriorly to form duplicosta are largely expanded downward, whereas that of moderately L. long anterior siphonal canal, twisted weakly to left; izumiensis is expanded laterally. Lysis suciensis and L. dupli- axial ribs on body whorl, slightly fewer on spire whorls, trans- costa both have an antero-posteriorly elongated inner lip septum verse and almost orthocline on spire whorls, accentuated at in accordance with the downward coiling of the body whorl. shoulderIn to form strong nodes, dying out on body whorl near contrast, L. izumiensis has an inner lip septum that is semilunar posterior suture, sinuated to become opisthocline abapical to in shape. shoulder; spiral lirae moderately strong, narrower than their Lysis africana (Cox, 1925), from the Maastrichtian of Mo- interspaces; growth lines regularly prosocyrt on shoulder, opis- zambique, is similar to L. izumiensis in form, size, and surface thocline for short distance anterior to shoulder, then curving ornamentation. Lysis africana has a more angulated body whorl broadly to form prosocyrt trend on lower part of body whorl, and four prominent spiral cords, two on the periphery and onefinally turning to converge with siphonal canal; apertural fea- on the ramp angle and base, whereas L. izumiensis has a rounded tures poorly known. body whorl and about 10 strong spiral cords. Discussion. -Deussenia takinoikensis n. sp. is represented by Etymology. -Named for the Izumi Group. only the holotype. The aperture of this specimen is filled com- Occurrence. -NSM-PCL 1-73-1. pletely with hard matrix so that the characteristics inside the Type locality.-NSM-PCL 1-73-1. aperture are not known. The assignment of this species to Deus- Material.-Holotype, NSM-PM15409; paratypes, NSM- senia is based on the overall resemblance of the Izumi species PM15410-15414. to Deussenia ripleyana Harbison (1945) from the Ripley For- mation of Mississippi in adapertural view. Compared with D. Family TRICHOTROPIDAE Gray, 1850 ripleyana, this species has sparser spiral cords. Subfamily TRICHOTROPINAE Gray, 1850 Etymology. -Named for Takinoike, the type locality. Genus TRICHOTROPIS Broderip and Sowerby, 1829 Occurrence.-NSM-PCL 1-73-5. TRICHOTROPIS? sp. Type locality.-NSM-PCLl 1-73-5. Figure 2.26, 2.27 Material.- Holotype, NSM-PM 15428. Discussion. -This species is represented by only one slightly Family PERISSITYIDAE Popenoe and Saul, 1987 worn specimen. The shell is medium-sized, anomphalous, slightly discoidal turbiniform, with its height about 1.25 of Discussion.-The the total Perissityidae was erected by Popenoe and shell height. The spire is conical, moderately elevated, Saul (1987)and has for several lineages of North American Pacific Coast a height slightly greater than one-third of the total Lateshell Cretaceous height. to Paleocene gastropods similar to Perissitys. The whorls are at least four in number, obtusely Asangulated demonstrated at by Popenoe and Saul, the species of this family the mid-height and separated by a weakly impressed first suture appeared in in Turonian time, and the early members of each the early growth stage and by a deeply impressed suturelineage infrom the the lower Senonian are very similar to each other, later growth stage. The upper whorl surface is moderately but the later in- ones from the upper Senonian are fairly diverse in clined and flattened, whereas the lower whorl surface form. is weaklyThe occurrence of perissityids in Japan is rarer than in convex. The aperture is holostomatous and subelliptical North in American shape. Pacific Coast Cretaceous, but Popenoe and The shell surface of the spire whorls is smooth, probably Saul (1987) owing have suggested that several species previously de- to strong erosion, but the body whorl is sculptured scribed by about from 20 the Upper Yezo Group and Hakobuchi Sandstone spiral lirae and irregular transverse collabral ribs; the of spiral Hokkaido, lirae northern Japan, and Sakhalin belong to the Perissi- are tuberculated at places where the collabral ribs intersect.tyidae. These are Pyropsis sp. of Nagao (1939), Pyrifusus (Nep- The slightly discoidal turbiniform shell and the tunella) holostoma- kawakamiensis Nagao (1939), Surculitesfusoides Nagao tous subelliptical aperture of the Izumi specimen resemble (1939), Fusus those volutodermoides Nagao (1939), Trachytriton sach-

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms KASE- CRETACEOUS GASTROPODS FROM JAPAN 569 alinensis Schmidt (1873), Trachytriton duiensis Schmidt an unicarinated (1873), whorl periphery (Figure 3.11, 3.12) that on some and Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao and Otatume develops (1938).a very small outer whorl surface (Figure 3.10). The These forms were mostly described from imperfect difference specimens. is not so great, however, as to separate these forms Their assignment seems to be correct but needs further into two differentinves- species. tigations of better preserved specimens in order to certifyOccurrence.-NSM-PCL11-73-1, their 11-73-2. reference to that family. Material.-NSM-PM15434, 15435; OMNH. M1117. The Izumi Group has yielded five caenogastropods that L. R. Saul (personal commun.) referred to the Perissityidae. One is Genus NEKEWIS Stewart, 1927 referred to Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao and Otatume NEKEWIS sp. (1938), described from the Maastrichtian of the Hobetsu area Figure 3.6, 3.7 in southern Hokkaido, one to Nekewis sp., and the other three Discussion.- Three fragmentary specimens exhibit features species constitute a new genus of the Perissityidae, Nipponitys. typical of Nekewis and may indicate the presence of this genus outside the North American Pacific Slope. A reconstructed shell Genus PSEUDOPERISSITYS Nagao and Otatume, from 1938 these three specimens may attain about 50 mm in height, Type species.-Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao shows and a slenderOta- fusiform shell outline, and has a prominently tume, 1938, p. 52-55. constricted body whorl and a long twisted anterior siphonal Diagnosis.-Large pyriform perissityid having a canal.moderately The whorls are separated by a weakly impressed suture, depressed conical spire and slightly twisted long areanterior angularly si- convex at the mid-height, form a steeply inclined, phonal canal; whorls angulated at periphery bearing weakly nodes concave, at broad sutural ramp, and have strong transverse intersections with obtuse axial ribs; suture flush andcollabral zigzag ribs inand regularly spaced strong spiral lirae. The growth shape; no fold and denticle in aperture; surface covered lines are entirely concave on the ramp and opisthocline across the pe- by regularly spaced spiral cords; inner lip bearing riphery. thick induc-One specimen (Figure 3.6) shows that the inner lip lacks tura. a thick callus and columellar plications. The Izumi specimens Discussion.-Pseudoperissitys is a monotypic genus that seem was to represent a new species of Nekewis, but the specific erected on the basis of Pseudoperissitys bicarinata, described comparison must await availability of better preserved speci- from the Hakobuchi Group in the Hobetsu area, southern mens. Hok- kaido. This species is commonly found in the Lower Sandy Occurrence.-NSM-PCLShale 1-73-2, 11-73-4. Member of the group and restricted in its occurrence within Material. the -NSM-PM 15429, 15430. Inoceramus shikotanensis Zone of early Maastrichtian (Matsu- moto, 1942). In Nagao and Otatume's (1938) description, P. Genus NIPPONITYS n. gen. bicarinata was mistakenly regarded as having a short anterior siphonal canal. However, additional specimens from the same Type species. -Nipponitys inouei n. sp. stratigraphic level in the Hobetsu area reveal that the anterior Diagnosis.-Large, reaching more than 100 mm in height, siphonal canal is longer than previously described and slightly slender fusiform shells; spire highly elevated, with height about twisted. Also, several steinkems of this species indicate thatone-half it total shell height; whorls biangulated, with broad, more lacks columellar, parietal and outer lip folds, and denticle. or less concave outer surface, and broad, inclined ramp; aperture Pseudoperissitys is distinct from Perissitys in its larger lenticular, shell posteriorly angulated; siphonal canal moderately long, size and in having an angulated whorl periphery, a larger proportionately apical narrow anteriorly; inner lip covered by thin angle, and flattened upper whorl surfaces. inductura, without prominent fold; outer lip sharp and smooth within; sculpture of slightly opisthocline, not transverse axial PSEUDOPERISSITYS BICARINATA Nagao and Otatume, 1938ribs on upper whorl angulation and spiral cords; base with strong Figure 3.11-3.13 spiral cords, weakening in strength anteriorly; growth lines broadly sinuous at upper angulation. Pseudoperissitys bicarinata NAGAO AND OTATUME, 1938, p. 53, P1. 4, Discussion. -Three large fusiform shells from the Izumi Group figs. 3, 3a, b, 5, 5a; HAYAMI AND KASE, 1977, p. 65, P1. 8, fig. 3. described herein and Surculitesfusoides Nagao (1939) from the Diagnosis. -As for the genus. Upper Yezo Group in the Abeshinai area of northern Hokkaido, Discussion.-As in Nagao and Otatume's (1938) type lot, which the Popenoe and Saul (1987) suggested as members of the specimens from the Izumi Group are all imperfect. One Perissityidae, spec- share many shell characteristics. Although the shell imen (Figure 3.12, 3.13) is almost complete but is strongly outlines de- differ among the three species, the whorls are biangu- formed and its shell surface was mainly obliterated during lated, prep- each having a broad inclined ramp, slightly opisthocline aration. Another specimen (Figure 3.11) lacks an anterior axial ribs on the upper angulation, and a similar pattern of spiral siphonal canal and the shell surface was mostly obliterated dur- sculpture. ing preparation. Its upper whorl profile approximates that of Nipponitys seems to be most closely related to Zinsitys Saul, the holotype. The other figured specimen (Figure 3.10) also lacks 1988a, a genus that includes Coniacian Z. meisteri Saul, 1988a, an anterior siphonal canal, but its surface ornamentation and Santonian Z. edwilsoni Saul, 1988a, early and mid-Campanian the feature of the upper whorl surface are well preserved. This Z. anassa Saul, 1988a, and late Campanian Z. kingi (Gabb, specimen has a lower spire than the others. 1864). All species have a similar shell configuration to Nippon- Nagao and Otatume (1938) gave a detailed and correct de- itys, but have a prominent denticle inside the outer lip and a scription of this species, except that the anterior siphonal canal columellar fasciole. is weakly twisted and longer. The features of the siphonal canal Kalishevitsch (in Zakharov et al., 1984) described Ascenso- are determined from some specimens from the Hobetsu area voluta magna from the Danian or Paleocene of Sakhalin. The and a specimen from the Izumi Group. These specimens have genus Ascensovoluta was widespread in Turonian and Coniacian much in common with each other, but exhibit a slight difference times in north Africa, Transcaucasia, and central Asia (Haco- in whorl shape. The specimens from the Hobetsu area have abjan, 1976). All the species assigned to Ascensovoluta are poorly bicarinated and more nodulous whorl periphery and a wider preserved, so that the generic concept of this genus is unclear. outer whorl surface, whereas those from the Izumi Group have The similarity of shell form between Nipponitys and Ascenso-

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 570 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990

r, ' .a i . .. - .

2 3 4 5 4 I

3 10 Q I,b

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1 A 13 ? , I'

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This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms KASE- CRETA CEOUS GASTROPODS FROM JAPAN 571 voluta perhaps is merely a homeomorphism. Ascensovoluta has

41 1 slightly discoidal whorls and three strong columellar folds. .. Etymology.-The name is a compound of Nippon (Japan) and itys, Greek, rim or felly of a wheel. A generic name ending in itys is of feminine gender.

NIPPONrrTY INOUm n. sp. Figure 4.1, 4.2

Diagnosis.-A species of Nipponitys having an angulated and Ft . * axially ribbed whorl periphery in the early growth stage and a k F ? strong and smooth whorl periphery in the later growth stage; columella without folds. I/ , Description.--Shell highly turreted, fusiform, with height about two times greater than width; protoconch missing; pleural angle about 30?; suture flush; spire turriculate, with height about one- half total shell height; early spire whorls obtusely angulated slightly above mid-height, with inclined and weakly concave ramp and almost vertical lower whorl surface; early whorl angulation bearing spiny axial ribs that die out abruptly above and below, whorl angulation becoming prominent and smooth on penultimate and body whorls; body whorl large, having broad, regularly concave ramp, abapically inclined concave outer whorl surface delimited by posterior prominent ramp angle and anterior obtuse basal periphery, and steeply inclined base bearing three strong spiral cords; spiral sculpture of regularly spaced cords; aperture elongate, angulated, obtusely notched above and anteriorly drawn out to elongate siphonal canal that is twisted to the left; columella smooth. Discussion. -Only one specimen was available for this study. This very distinct species is characterized by its strong upper whorl angulation in the later growth stage. However, its early whorls possess spiny axial ribs on the upper whorl angulation that are similar to those of the other two Nipponitys species. FIGURE 4-Nipponitys inouei n. sp., adapertural and apertural views of Owing to a covering of hard matrix in the aperture, the char- the holotype, NSM-PM15437, Loc. NSM-PCL13-22-1, height 111.8 acteristics inside the outer lip are not known. mm+, width 40.4 mm, x 1.0. Etymology.-This species is named after Mr. S. Inoue who collected the holotype. Occurrence.-NSM-PCL13-22-1. 20?; spire high, pointed, with height about one-half total shell Type locality. -NSM-PCL13-22-1. height; suture weakly impressed; spire whorl higher than wide, Holotype.-NSM-PM 15437. weakly convex as a whole, with weak whorl angulation slightly below mid-height; ramp very steeply inclined and weakly con- NIPPONITYS ACUTANGULARIS n. sp. cave; body whorl with broad, ill-defined peripheral zone delim- Figure 3.15 ited by weak angulations; aperture lenticular, acute posteriorly, Diagnosis.--Species of Nipponitys with slender shell form, narrowing proportionately anteriorly to form moderately long steeply inclined ramp, and very weakly concave outer whorl siphonal canal; columella smooth, without fold; axial sculpture surface. consisting of slightly opisthocline ribs on upper whorl angJla- Description.--Shell slender fusiform, highly turreted, with tion, 12 in number on penultimate whorl, dying out above and height about four times greater than width; apical angle about below, those on body whorl nodular; spiral sculpture consisting

FIGURE 3-1, Amuletum (Amuletum) sp., lateral view of a specimen, NSM-PM15435, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-2, height 17.1 mm, width 5.2 mm, x 2.0. 2-5, Volutilithes antiqua n. sp., from locality NSM-PCL1 1-73-1.2, 3, adapei ural and apertural views of an incomplete paratype, NSM- PM15432, width 13.0 mm, x 1.5; 4, 5, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15431, height 24 mm+, width 11.7 mm, height of aperture 13 mm+, height of body whorl 17.5 mm+, x 1.5. 6, 7, Nekewis sp. 6, apertural view of a small incomplete specimen, NSM- PM15429, Loc. NSM-PCLI 1-73-2, width 15.0 mm, x 1.5; 7, adapertural view of a large incomplete specimen, NSM-PM15430, Loc. NSM- PCL1 1-73-4, width 18.9 mm, x 1.5. 8, 9, Calorebama cretacea n. sp., apertural and adapertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15438, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, height 26.6 mm, width 18.2 mm, height of aperture 22.5 mm, x 1.5. 10-13, Pseudoperissitys bicarinata Nagao and Otatume. 10, adapertural view of an incomplete specimen, OMNH. M1117, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-2, width 55.7 mm, showing characteristics of the surface ornamentation and the narrowly biangulated whorl periphery, x 1.0; 11, adapertural view of an incomplete worn specimen, NSM- PM15435, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-1, width 48.1 mm, x 1.0; 12, 13, apertural and adapertural views of a nearly complete but strongly worn specimen, NSM-PM15434, NSM-PCL11-73-2, height 67.0 mm, width 55.7 mm, x 1.0. 14, Deussenia takinoikensis n. sp., adapeiLural view of the holotype, NSM-PM15428, Loc. NSM-PCL1 1-73-5, height ca. 49 mm, width 21.7 mm, height of aperture 30.8 mm, height of body whorl 38.5 mm, x 1.5. 15, Nipponitys acutangularis n. sp., adapertural view of the holotype, NSM-PM15433, Loc. NSM-PCLI 1-73-1, height 108.5 mm+, width 31.0 mm, x 1.0. 16, 17, Nipponitys cf. A. magna (Kalishevitsch), adapertural and apertural view of a specimen, NSM-PM15436, Loc. NSM-PCL11-73-2, height 114.0 mm+, width 46.4 mm, x 1.0.

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 572 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990 of regularly spaced, slightly wavy cords over and abapical to Superfamily VOLUTACEA Rafinesque, 1815 anterior whorl angulation; base with strong spiral cords, several Subfamily VOLUTILITHINAE Pilsbry and Olsson, 1954 on lower angulation stronger than others. Genus VOLUTILITHES Swainson, 1829 Discussion.-This species is found rarely at Locs. NSM- Discussion.- Volutilithes is a typically Paleocene and Eocene PCL11-73-1 and 11-73-2 in the Izumi Mountains area. The genus known from Europe and California. Cossmann (1899) illustrated specimen shows the characteristic features of the shell listed as Volutilithes one Turonian species, Voluta cristata Zekeli outline and surface ornamentation, but its apertural features are (1852), and four Maastrichtian species, Voluta orbignyii Muller not known owing to a thick covering of hard matrix in its ap- (1851), Voluta noggerarathi Muller (1851), Volutilithes latisepta erture, and the anterior end of its siphonal canal is lost. How- Stoliczka (1867), and Volutilithes accumulata Stoliczka (1867), ever, one fragmentary specimen shows that the inner lip is ev- and many other Cretaceous species have been assigned to this idently smooth. genus. However, none is definitely referable to Volutilithes. From The Izumi specimens are very similar to Nipponitysfusoides the Izumi Group, one species can be assigned to Volutilithes on (Nagao, 1939). Nagao described his species based on the a basissingle of shell features that agree well with those of Paleocene imperfect specimen that consists of the body and penultimate and Eocene species. whorls. This specimen also lacks the anterior siphonal canal and features inside the aperture are not known. In adapertural view, VOLUTILITHES ANTIQUA n. sp. however, the penultimate whorl is wider than high in N. fusoides, Figure 3.2-3.5 whereas that of the Izumi taxon is evidently higher than wide. Diagnosis.- Small Volutilithes having wide shell form, about As a consequence, N. acutangularis has a proportionately higher 12 flexuous axial ribs per whorl, lacking spiral sculpture; axial shell than N. fusoides. ribs spiny at shouldered edge; columella with two obtuse folds. Etymology. -Latin, acutangularis, sharp angled, referring to Description.-Shell small, reaching 25 mm in height, fusi- acute apex of shell. form, moderately thick, with height about twice width; height Occurrence.-NSM-PCLI 1-73-1, 11-73-2. of spire less than one-half total shell height; apical angle about Type locality. -NSM-PCL 11-73-1. 55?; protoconch missing; at least six whorls, subshouldered, reg- Material.-Holotype, NSM-PM 15433. ularly expanding; suture weakly impressed; spire whorls angular NIPPoNrrYs cf. N. MAGNA (Kalishevitsch, 1984) at mid-height; body whorl weakly convex below shouldered Figure 3.16, 3.17 edge, constricted below, interrupted by twisted pillar; aperture lenticular, notched above, forming short siphonal canal below; Ascensovoluta magna KA;SHEVrrscH in Zakharov, Grabovskaya, and outer lip rounded, nearly orthocline; parietal area covered by Kalishevitsch, 1984, p. 79, PI. 11, figs. 4a, b, text-fig. 6m. thin callus; columella bearing two obtuse folds at middle; surface Description.- Shell large, approaching 120 mm in height, sculptured by about 12 flexuous, round-topped thick axial ribs, moderately thin, fusiform, with height slightly less than three spiny at shouldered edge; spiral sculpture absent. times the width; spire turreted and about one-half total shell Discussion.-The holotype, although it lacks its anterior end, height; pleural angle about 35?; suture very weakly impressed; shows the presence of a columellar fasciole, two obtuse colu- spire whorls anteriorly constricted, obtusely angulated slightly mellar folds, and characteristic flexuous axial ribs. The outer below mid-height, with wide, concave, steeply sloping subsu- lip is more expanded laterally than originally owing to secondary tural ramp; body whorl large, obtusely biangulated with adax- flattening of this part. ially sloping, slightly concave outer whorl surface, gently taper- Volutilithes antiqua is similar to Volutilithes orocopiaensis ing anteriorly to form moderately long, slightly twisted siphonal Squires and Advocate (1986) from the Eocene of California, but canal; ramp angle bearing opisthocline nodose axial ribs that differs in its much smaller shell size, wider shell outline, and die out above and below, numbering 16 per whorl; aperture lower spire. In addition, V. antiqua has two columellar folds, elongate subovate, subangulated posteriorly; inner lip covered whereas V. orocopiaensis has three folds. by moderately thick inductura; parietal area weakly convex in Volutilithes antiqua differs from Volutilithes muricinus (La- harmony with lower whorl angulation of body whorl; columella marck, 1802) (Cossmann, 1899), the type species of the genus, smooth; outer lip smooth within. from the Eocene of France, primarily in its much smaller shell Discussion. -Only one incomplete specimen is available. As- size and wider shell outline. censovoluta magna Kalishevitsch (1984) was originally de- Etymology.- Latin, antiqua, old, ancient, former, referring to scribed on the basis of only one incomplete specimen from the oldest known species. Naibuchi area, South Sakhalin, and was considered to be of Occurrence. -NSM-PCL1 1-73-1. early Paleocene, Danian age. This stratigraphic level is within Type locality. -NSM-PCL11-73-1. the upper part of the Ryugase Formation, regarded by Matsu- Material.- Holotype, NSM-PM 15431; paratype, NSM- moto (1942) as uppermost Cretaceous. The holotype, repre- PM 15432. sented by a steinkern, lacks shell almost completely, and does not show surface ornamentation. In general shell form, the Izumi Subfamily PSEUDOLINAE Cossmann, 1901 Genus CALOREBAMA Squires, 1989 specimen agrees quite well with the holotype and both specimens seem to be identical. Kalishevitch (1984, fig. 6m) indicated CALOREBAMA CRETACEA n. sp. Figure 3.8, 3.9 that the holotype possesses two weak folds, one on the parietal area and the other on the anterior part of the columella, whereas Diagnosis.- Calorebama having a few thick spiral cords on the Izumi specimen possesses a smooth inner lip. The incom- body whorl above pseudolivine groove and lacking axial or- plete condition of the holotype of A. magna and the lack of nament. additional specimens for comparison require a conditional as- Description.--Shell small, pyriform in outline, having height signment of the Izumi specimen. of aperture about three-fourths total shell height; apical angle Occurrence.-NSM-PCL 1-73-2. about 90?; whorls numbering at least three; suture weakly im- Material. -NSM-PM 15436. pressed; body whorl inflated, having a pseudolivid groove at

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lower one-third position, ornamented by coarse spiral spire whorls,cords; except the genus Ancillarina Bellardi, 1882, known area below pseudolivine groove constituting a fasciolar from theband, Eocene to Miocene of Europe. Taniella differs from ornamented by coarse spiral cords; apertural feature Ancillarina not known. by its much wider shell outline and lower spire and Discussion.--Two specimens, one clearly showing by character- the lack of columellar plications. Taniella japonica has a istic shell shape and surface ornamentation and the characteristic other being ancillid band that is located high on the body strongly distorted, are present. This species can be whorl assigned and isto separated from the posterior edge of the fasciolar Calorebama Squires, 1989, because the Izumi specimens band by have a band wider than the ancillid band. A similar ancillid much in common with such western North American Eocene band is also present in the other Cretaceous species, Ancilla species as Calorebama dilleri lineata (Gabb, 1864) and Calore- (Ancillus) acutula. Kilburn (1977) has demonstrated that the bama inornata (Dickerson, 1915), in that the shell is small presence and or distinctness of the ancillid band is a specific char- pyriform, the spire is moderately low, the body whorl hasacteristic a in the subfamily Ancillinae. However, the ancillid typical pseudolivine spiral groove, and the main part of band,the if present, is always located just above the fasciolar band body whorl is ornamented only by spiral cords. Pseudolivines in this subfamily. were diverse and widespread in Paleocene and Eocene times, Etymology. -This new genus is named in honor of M. Tani, but Cretaceous representatives are few and only three species foi years of collecting the Izumi gastropods. A generic name have been recorded; these are Pseudoliva subcostata Stoliczka ending in ella is of feminine gender. (1868) from the Maastrichtian of southern India, and Pseudoliva zitteli Petho (1906) and Pseudoliva praecursor Petho (1906), TANIELLA JAPONICA n. sp. both from the upper Senonian of Hungary. The former species Figure 5.7, 5.8, 5.12-5.15 was assigned by Squires et al. (1989) to their genus Popenoeum, and the other species also seem to be assignable to that genus. Diagnosis.-As for the genus. Thus, the Izumi specimens represent one of the oldest pseu- Description.- Shell medium-sized, approaching 27 mm in dolivine species and the only species of Calorebama known from height, thick, cylindrical olivoid, height about 1.7 times width; the Cretaceous. spire very low, height about 0.1 total shell height; apex obtusely The species that appears to be the closest to C. cretacea pointed; n. sp. protoconch of round, smooth whorls numbering about is Calorebama inornata (Dickerson, 1915) (Squires, 1989) 1.5,from separated by impressed suture; spire whorls very weakly the Eocene of California. The only discernible difference convex; is a body whorl large, rounded, slightly constricted ante- thicker development of, and a lesser number of, spiral cords riorly, on with fasciolar band located at anterior one-third of body C. cretacea. whorl; fasciolar band divided into upper and lower parts by Etymology.-Known from the Cretaceous. blunt spiral ridge; weak ancillid band present just anterior to Occurrence.-NSM-PCL1 1-73-1. periphery, separated from fasciolar band by area without callus Material.-Holotype, NSM-PM15438; paratype, NSM- deposits; aperture narrow, lanceolate, very weakly prosocline to PM15439. shell axis; outer lip evenly rounded; parietal region weakly con- Type locality.-NSM-PCL1 1-73-1. vex with thin callus deposits; columella thick, short, smooth with strong obtuse angulation at middle, separated from fascio- Family OVIDAE Latereille, 1825 lar band by indistinct anterior fasciolar groove; anterior notch Subfamily ANCILINAE Cossmann, 1899 thickened by callus deposits, shallowly sinuated; surface covered Genus TANIELLA n. gen. with sigmoidal, more or less rugose growth lines. Type species. - Taniella japonica n. sp. Discussion. -Thirteen specimens are available for study. In Diagnosis.--Shell thick, medium in size, cylindrical olivoid; general, the smaller specimens (Figure 5.8) have a lower spire spire very low, free from primary callus; fasciolar band simple, than the larger specimens, and they show a pyriform shell out- divided into upper and lower parts by blunt spiral ridge; weak line. The body whorl of the larger specimens is more inflated ancillid band present anterior to periphery, separated from fas- than that of the smaller specimens, so that the former show an ciolar band by a band wider than ancillid band; columella sim- olivoid shell outline (Figure 5.12-5.15). The ancillid band is ple, smooth, separated from fasciolar band by indistinct anterior weak and is sometimes obliterated by wear. The holotype has fasciolar groove; parietal area covered by thin callus that covers a distinct ancillid band in apertural view (Figure 5.12, 5.13). apertural face of body whorl but does not extend onto spire; This species differs from Ancilla (Ancillus) actula by its wider anterior notch shallow. shell outline and lower spire, by its simple, smooth columella, Discussion.-Ancillinine gastropods are diverse and wide- by the presence of a peculiar ancillid band located slightly below spread in Cenozoic rocks and Recent tropical to temperate seas, the whorl periphery, and by the absence of callus deposits on but the only species heretofore recorded from the Cretaceous the spire whorls. was Ancilla (Ancillus) acutula (Stephenson, 1941) from the Owl Etymology. -Named for Japan. Creek Formation (upper Maastrichtian) of Mississippi and Ten- Occurrence.-NSM-PCL 11-73-1. nessee (Sohl, 1967). Conrad (1860) described Ancilla cretacensis Type locality. -NSM-PCL 1-73-1. from the "Cretaceous to Eocene" of Mississippi and Georgia, Material.--Holotype, NSM-PM 15440; paratypes, NSM- but Wade (1926) assigned it to his genus Parafusus in the Voluti- PM 15441-15452. dae. The systematic and stratigraphic position of"Ancilla" cretacensis remains uncertain (Sohl, 1967, p. 264). Taniella ja- Family TURRIDAE H. and A. Adams, 1855 ponica is restricted to the Azenotani Mudstone Member, which Genus AMuLETuM Stephenson, 1941 is dated as earliest Maastrichtian (Morozumi, 1985). Thus, this Subgenus AMuLEUM Stephenson, 1941 species is the oldest in the subfamily Ancillinae as well as in the AMULETUM (AMULETUM) sp. Olividae. Figure 3.1 Taniella is distinguished from other members of the subfam- Discussion.-A single specimen from the Azenotani Mud- ily Ancillinae primarily by the lack of primary callus stoneon the Member possesses characters that suggest its placement

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 574 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990

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FIGURE 5-1-5, Biplica osakensis n. sp., from locality NSM-PCLI 1-80-1. 1, apertural view of a paratype, NSM-PM 15456, showing the presence of two folds on the inner lip, height 5.6 mm, width 4.8 mm+, x4.0; 2, 3, apertural and adapertural views of a paratype, NSM-PM15455, height 6.4 mm, width 5.8 mm, x4.0; 4, 5, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15454, height 7.1 mm, width 6.1 mm, x4.0. 6, Cylichna sp., apertural view of a specimen, NSM-PM 15459, Loc. NSM-PCLI 1-80-1, height 6.3 mm, width 4.1 mm, x4.0. 7, 8, 12- 15, Taniellajaponica n. gen. and sp., from locality NSM-PCL11-73-1. 7, 8, apical and adapertural views of a paratype, NSM-PM15446, height 22.7 mm, width 12.6 mm, height of aperture 20.8 mm, x2.0; 12, 13, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15440, height 26.8 mm, width 16.0 mm, height of aperture 23.3 mm, showing clearly the presence of an ancillid band on the body whorl, x 2.0; 14, 15, adapertural and apertural views of a paratype, NSM-PM15443, height 23.5 mm, width 14.3 mm, height of aperture 19.4 mm, x 2.0. 9-11, Biplica sphaerica n. sp., from locality NSM-PCL1 1-73-6. 9, apertural view of an incomplete paratype, NSM-PM 15458, showing the presence of two strong folds in the inner lip, x4.0; 10, 11, adapertural and apertural views of the holotype, NSM-PM15457, height 8.5 mm, width 8.3 mm, height of aperture 8.0 mm, x 4.0.

in Amuletum (s.s.). The shell is small and elongate fusiform and Occurrence.-NSM-PCLl 1-73-2. has a moderately elevated spire. The protoconch, preserving Material.-NSM-PM 15453. only one whorl, is smooth naticiform. The three spire whorls are well inflated, separated by an impressed suture, and have Subclass OPISTHOBRANCHIA Milne-Edwards, 1848 flexuous, feebly opisthocline collabral axial ribs. The body whorl Order CEPHALASPIDEA Fischer, 1883 tapers gradually toward the anterior end and has irregular flex- Superfamily ACrEONACEA d'Orbigny, 1842 uous collabral ribs. The shell surface is also sculptured by nu- Family RINGICUUDAE Meek, 1876 merous, closely spaced spiral cords that are clearly visible on Genus BIPLCA Popenoe, 1957 the neck. Type species.-Biplica heteroplicata Popenoe, 1957, p. 432. In these features, this species is similar to Amuletum (s.s.) Discussion. -Biplica is a low-spired ringiculid gastropod hav- macnairyensis (Wade, 1926) (Sohl, 1967) and Amuletum (s.s.) ing a nondentate outer lip and generally two simple columellar dumasensis Sohl, 1967, both from the Ripley Formation offolds. The genus was erected by Popenoe (1957) for a long- Mississippi and Texas, but is easily distinguished by its larger ranging lineage represented by five successive species from the shell size. The Izumi specimen represents the first record of this Albian to the Maastrichtian of the North American Pacific Coast. genus outside the Gulf Coastal Plain of the United States. Popenoe (1957) suggested that Biplica extended its distribution

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to Chile and New Zealand in Senonian times, but one that columellar the genus fold and a larger rib proportion ratio (about did not extend outside these areas. Thus, the recognition0.55). of Biplica from the Izumi Group as well as from the Etymology.- Upper Yezo Named for the Osaka Prefecture in which the Group of Hokkaido represents further extension type of distributionlocality is located. of Biplica to the Northwest Pacific. Occurrence.- NSM-PCL 1-80-1. In Japan, three ringiculid species similar to Biplica Type possess locality.- a NSM-PCL 11-80-1. dentate outer lip and belong to Eriptycha or Avellana; Material.--Holotype, these are NSM-PM15454; paratypes, NSM- Eriptycha japonica Kase (in Kase and Maeda, PM15455,1980) from 15456. the Barremian Choshi Group, Eriptycha minima (Nagao, 1934) (Kase, 1984) from the Aptian to Albian Miyako Group, andBIPLICA SPHAERICA n. sp. Avellana sp. described by Kase (in Hayami and Kase, 1981) Figure 5.9-5.11 from the Cenomanian of the sea bottom off Kuji. From the Diagnosis.-A medium-sized species of Biplica with height Upper Yezo Group, Nagao described Avellana almost problematica equal to width; incised spiral grooves numbering about (Nagao, 1932) from the Abeshinai area of southern Hokkaido 22, much narrower than their interspaces; columella bearing and Oligoptycha sp. cf. 0. obliqua (Gabb, 1864) (Nagao, 1939) two blunt folds of nearly equal strength; outer lip externally from the Notoro area of Sakhalin. Nagao described A. problem- covered by wide ridge of callus; anterior siphonal canal wide atica as seemingly lacking plications or denticles and along deep. the inner margin of the outer lip. Poyarkova and Dzhalilov (1985) referred Description.-Medium-sized, reaching 8.5 mm in height, this species to Biplica. One well-preserved specimen in the col- spherical, low-spired ringiculid shells with height almost equal lection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, collected from to width; protoconch unknown; teleoconch whorls consisting of the Santonian at locality NSM-PCL3-34-1 of the Kotanbetsu about three volutions, well inflated isometrically; spire about area of Hokkaido seems to be identical with the holotype of A. 0.1 of total shell height; suture very weakly impressed; aperture problematica. Its outer lip is evidently smooth within and, thus, narrow, pear shaped, contracted and pointed posteriorly, wid- the reference of A. problematica to Biplica is further supported. ened anteriorly; outer lip covered externally by wide collabral In addition to this specimen, I have recognized two Biplica ridge of thick callus, smooth within, with deep and wide anterior species in the collection of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, siphonal canal in anterior part; parietal area covered by thick collected from the Campanian at locality NSM-PCL3-34-1 of callus; columella bearing two blunt, moderately strong folds of the Soya area, Hokkaido. On the other hand, the specimen of nearly equal strength; anterior fold positioned at mid-height of Oligoptycha sp. cf. 0. obliqua is too poorly preserved to deter- columella; posterior fold at anterior tip of columella; sculpture mine its generic position. of about 22 very fine incised spiral grooves, each pitted by BIPLICA OSAKENSIS n. sp. crossing growth lines. Figure 5.1-5.5 Discussion. -The holotype is the best preserved specimen among 10 poorly preserved specimens and shows well the char- Diagnosis. -Small species of Biplica characterized by height acteristics of its spherical shell. The paratype (Figure 5.9), al- almost equal to width and two weak columellar folds; incised though incomplete, reveals the presence of the two columellar spiral grooves thin, numbering 27-29. folds of nearly equal strength. This species differs from B. osa- Description.-Small, approaching 7 mm in height, globose, kensis in its spherical shell form and fewer spiral grooves, in low-spired ringiculid shells with height almost addition equal toto its width; much smaller shell size. protoconch poorly preserved, consisting of depressed initial Biplica sphaerica most resembles B. problematica (Nagao, whorl; suture very weakly impressed; teleoconch whorls well 1932) in possessing nearly the same number of spiral grooves, rounded with about three volutions; aperture narrow poste- thick callus deposits on the columellar and outer-lip areas, and riorly, wide and rounded anteriorly, with moderately wide and two columellar folds. However, B. sphaerica differs in having a deep anterior siphonal canal; outer lip reinforced externally by more inflated body whorl, a lower spire, a wider and deeper thick ridge of reflected callus layer, smooth, nondentate inter- anterior siphonal notch, and a more anteriorly located, stronger nally; parietal area covered by moderately thick callus layer; posterior columellar fold than B. problematica. columella bearing two weak horizontal folds, anterior one Biplica sphaerica also resembles Biplica obliqua (Gabb, 1864) stronger and thicker than posterior one; surface sculptured by from the Campanian of the North American Pacific Coast, but 27-29 weakly impressed, very fine, incised spiral grooves, each is easily distinguished by having fewer and narrower spiral constricted to a series of chain-like links by crossing of growth grooves. lines. Etymology. -Latin, sphaera, ball, sphere, referring to shape Discussion.-Biplica osakensis is restricted to ofthe the Shindachishell. Formation at Loc. NSM-PCL11-80-1, where it occurs in a con- Occurrence. -NSM-PM 11-7 3 -6. glomeratic sandstone of turbidite origin. Owing to the hardness Type locality.-NSM-PCL11-73-6. of the matrix, complete specimens are difficult to obtain. The Material.--Holotype, NSM-PM15457; paratype, NSM- holotype is the best preserved specimen and shows PM15458. clearly the shell characteristics except for columellar features. The characteristics of the columellar folds are best seen in one of the paratypes (Figure 5.1). The rib proportion ratio defined Superfamily by Po- CYICHNACEA A. Adams, 1850 penoe (1957) is very small and less than 0.2 in this species. Family CYLICHNIDAE A. Adams, 1850 Compared with Biplica problematica, B. osakensis is smaller Genus CYICHNA Loven, 1846 in size and has more numerous incised spiral grooves. Biplica CYLICHNA Sp. osakensis is most similar in shell form and surface sculpture to Figure 5.6 B. miniplicata Popenoe, 1957, from the Maastrichtian Discussion. of- One Cal- specimen collected from the Shindachi For- ifornia. Biplica osakensis has the shell height mationalmost is available.equal Theto shell is moderately small, has a sub- width, two columellar folds, and a smaller rib proportioncylindrical outline, ratio, and possesses 55 somewhat irregularly spaced, whereas B. miniplicata is slightly higher than wide pitted incisedand has spiral only grooves. The columellar lip is poorly pre-

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 576 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990 served but is reflected and apparently stands free of the base GABB,of W. M. 1864. Description of the Cretaceous fossils. California the shell. The characteristics of the apical whorls are obscured Geological Survey, Palaeontology, 1:57-243. by a covering of hard matrix. However, a narrow apical pit 1869. Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils. California Geological Sur- seems to be present as in other Cylichna species. vey, Palaeontology, 2, 299 p. GRAY, M.E. 1842-1857. Figures ofmolluscous animals, selected from Cylichna is not known from the Upper Cretaceous of Japan various authors. London, Vols. 1-5, 381 p. and its adjacent areas. This species seems to be different from HACOBJAN, V. T. 1976. Late Cretaceousgastropods from the Armenian other Upper Cretaceous species, but confident comparison is SSR. Erevan, Izd-vo. Akademiya Nauk Armyanskoy S.S.R., 440 p. limited by the lack of additional and well-preserved specimens. (in Russian). Occurrence.-NSM-PCLl 1-80-1. HALLER, B. 1892. Die morphologie der Prosobranchier III. Naticiden Material.-NSM-PM 15459. und Calyptraeiden. Morphologisches Jahrbuch, 18:451-543. HARBISON, A. 1945. Upper Cretaceous mollusks of the Lower Ripley ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Formation near Dumas, Mississippi. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Proceedings, 97:75-92. I wish to thank M. Tani, M. Sato, T. Nishioka, HASZPRUNAR, S. Inoue, G. A.1988. On the origin and evolution ofmajorgastropod Nakamura, and A. Matsuoka, who generously donated groups, with their special reference to the Streptoneura. Journal of Mol- collections to the National Science Museum, Tokyo. luscan IStudies, am most54:367-441. grateful to L. R. Saul and G. L. Kennedy for their HAYAMI, thorough I., AND T. KASE. 1977. A systematic survey of the Paleozoic review of the manuscript and helpful comments. and L.Mesozoic R. Saul Gastropoda and Paleozoic Bivalvia from Japan. Uni- provided several casts of the California Cretaceous versity gastropods. Museum, University of Tokyo, Bulletin 13, 155 p. I am also grateful to R. J. Cleevely for the loan of, AND British - . 1981. Mu- Cenomanian molluscs in a sandstone block seum ampullospirid gastropod collections and to fromD. T. the Dockery sea bottom off the southern coast of Kuji, Northeast Japan. Transactions and Proceedings of the Palaeontological Society of Ja- III for providing photographs of a Mississippi Cretaceous pan, N. S., 121:29-50. gastropod. This study was funded by Grants-in-Aid HOLZAPFEL, for Science E. 1888. Die Mollusken der Aachener Kreide. Palaeon- Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, tographica, and Culture 34:29-180. (Nos. 62740470 and 63740456) and by a grant from ICHIHARA, the M.,Japan K. ICHIKAWA, AND N. YAMADA. 1986. 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London, 2nd ser., 30 pls. PETH6, J. 1906. Die Kreide- (Hypersenon-) Fauna des Peterwardeiner 1840. A Treatise on Malacology; or, Shells and Shell-fish. Lon- (Petervaraider) Gebirges (Fruska Gora). Palaeontographica, 52:57- don, 419 p. 331. THIELE, J. 1925. Mollusca-Weichtiere, p. 15-96. In W. Kukenthal PILSBRY, H. A., AND A. A. OLSSON. 1954. Systems of the Volutidae. (ed.), Handbuch der Zoologie. Funfter Band, Erste Halfte, Erste Lie- Bulletins of American Paleontology, 35:275-306. ferung, Berlin and Leipzig. PONDER, W. F. 1987. The anatomy and relationships of the pyrami- WADE, B. 1926. The fauna of the Ripley Formation on Coon Creek, dellacean limpet Amathina tricarinata (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Asian Tennessee. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 137, 272 p. Marine Biology, 4:1-34. WENZ, W. 1938-1944. Gastropoda. In 0. H. Schindeworf(ed.), Hand- POPENOE, W. P. 1957. The Cretaceous gastropod genus Biplica, its buch der Palaozoologie, Band 6. Borntraeger, Berlin, 1639 p. evolution and biostratigraphic significance. University of California WHITEAVES, F. J. 1879. On the fossils of the Cretaceous rocks of Publications in Geological Sciences, 30:425-454. Vancouver and adjacent islands in the Strait of Georgia. Canada , AND L. R. SAUL. 1987. Evolution and classification of the Late Geological Survey, Mesozoic Fossils, 1:93-190. Cretaceous-early Tertiary gastropod Perissitys. Los Angeles County . 1903. On some additional fossils from the Vancouver Creta- Museum of Natural History, Contributions in Science, 380:1-37. ceous, with revised list of species therefrom. Canada Geological Sur- , AND T. SuzUKI. 1987. Gyrodiform gastropods from the vey, Mesozoic Fossils, 1:309-415. Pacific Coast Cretaceous and Paleocene. Journal of Paleontology, 60: YOKOYAMA, M. 1890. Versteinerungen aus der japanischen Kreide. 70-100. Palaeontographica, 36:159-202. POYARKOVA, Z. N., AND M. R. DZHAUILOV. 1985. Cretaceous ZAKHAROV, marine Yu. D., V. S. GRABOVSKAYA, AND T. G. KALISHEVTSCH. gastropods from the remote areas in Asia. Akademiya Nauk 1984. Tad- Late Cretaceous succession of marine assemblages in south zhiskoy S. S. R., 168 p. (in Russian). Sakhalin, p. 41-90. In M. N. Gramm and Yu. D. Zakharov (eds.), RAFINESQE-SCHMALTZ, C. S. 1815. Analyse de la nature, ou Systematicstableau and Evolution of Invertebrates of Far East. Vladivostok de l'univers et des corpes organis6es. Palermo, 224 p. (in Russian). RENNIE, J. V. R. 1930. New Lamellibranchia and Gastropoda ZEKEL, from F. 1852. Die Gastropoden der Gosaugebirge. Kaiserlich-Ko- the Upper Cretaceous of Pondoland (with an appendix on some niglichenspecies geologischen Reichsanstalt, Abhandlungen, 7:1-124. from the Cretaceous of Zululand). Annals of South African Museum, 28:159-260. ACCEPTED 18 FEBRUARY 1990 -. 1935. On a new species of Lysis (Gastropoda) from the Creta- APPENDIX ceous of Pondoland (with a note by L. R. Cox on the identity of LOCALITY INFORMATION Tropidothais Cox with Lysis Gabb). Records of the Albany Museum, NSM-PCL 1-73-1 [=Loc. 5 in Matsumoto and Morozumi (1980)]: 4:244-247. a cliff near the eastern border of Shinike-pond, Izumisano City, Osaka SACCO, F. 1896. I Molluschi dei terreni terziari del Piemonte Prefecture e della [135?20'31 "E, 34?21 '07"N]; Azenotani Mudstone Member of

This content downloaded from 61.201.49.54 on Sun, 03 Feb 2019 01:42:27 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 578 JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY, V. 64, NO. 4, 1990

Mutsuo Formation ofIchihara et al. (1986); sandy siltstone; Early Maas-roadside cliffcliff aboutabout 1.2 1.2 km km west west of of Sobura, Sobura, Kaizuka Kaizuka City, City, Osaka Osaka Pre- Pre- trichtian (Nostoceras hetonaiense Zone) by Morozumi (1985). fecture [135?24'25"E,[135?24'25"E, 34?21'58"N]; 34?21'58"N]; Azenotani Azenotani Mudstone Mudstone Member Member of of NSM-PCL 1-73-2 [=Loc. 7 in Matsumoto and Morozumi (1980)]: Mutsuo FormationFormation ofIchihara ofIchihara et et al. al. (1986); (1986); sandy sandy siltstone; siltstone; Early Early Maas- Maas- a roadside cliff about 0.8 km west of Sobura, Kaizuka City, Osaka trichtian (Pachydiscus(Pachydiscus sp. sp. aff. aff. P. P. subcompressus subcompressus Zone) Zone) by byMorozumi Morozumi Prefecture [1 35024'49"E, 34?22'01 N]; Azenotani Mudstone Member (1985). of Mutsuo Formation ofIchihara et al. (1986); sandy siltstone; Early Maas- NSM-PCL1 1-80-11-80-1 [=Loc. [=Loc. 9 9in in Matsumoto Matsumoto and and Morozumi Morozumi (1980)]: (1980)]: trichtian (probably within Pachydiscus sp. aff. P. subcompressus Zone)a cliff atat Sansaka,Sansaka, about about 2.5 2.5 km km southeast southeast ofHakotsukuri, ofHakotsukuri, Hannan-cho, Hannan-cho, by Morozumi (1985). Osaka PrefecturePrefecture [135?13'43"E, [135?13'43"E, 34?19'10"N]; 34?19'10"N]; Shindachi Shindachi Formation Formation of of NSM-PCL 1-73-3 [=Loc. 5 in Matsumoto and Morozumi (1980)]: Ichikawa etet al.al. (1979);(1979); conglomeratic conglomeratic sandstone; sandstone; Early Early Maastrichtian Maastrichtian a cliff at Azenotani, Sennan City, Osaka Prefecture [135?18'30"E, (Pachydiscus sp.sp. aff. aff. P. P. subcompressus subcompressus Zone) Zone) by by Morozumi Morozumi (1985). (1985). 34?20'58"N]; Azenotani Mudstone Member of Mutsuo Formation NSM-PCL13-22-1of [=Loc. [=Loc. Aw3 Aw3 in in Morozumi Morozumi (1985)]: (1985)]: a river a river bed bed of of Ichihara et al. (1986); sandy siltstone; Early Maastrichtian (Nostoceras the TsuiTsui RiverRiver at at Nakano, Nakano, Seidan-cho, Seidan-cho, Mihara-gun, Mihara-gun, Hyogo Hyogo Prefecture Prefecture hetonaiense Zone) by Morozumi (1985). [134?41'19"E, 34?18'04"N];34?18'04"N]; Seidan Seidan Formation Formation of ofMorozumi Morozumi (1985); (1985); NSM-PCL11-73-4: a cliff near Inakuraike, Izumisano City, Osaka massive siltstone;siltstone; Late Late Campanian Campanian (Didymoceras (Didymoceras awajiense awajiense Zone) Zone) by by Prefecture [135?21'31 E, 34?21' 19"N]; Azenotani Mudstone Member Morozumi of (1985).(1985). Mutsuo Formation ofIchihara et al. (1986); sandy siltstone; Early Maas- NSM-PCL3-4.5-1: a awave-cut wave-cut bench bench of of Soya, Soya, Wakkanai Wakkanai City, City, Hok- Hok- trichtian (Nostoceras hetonaiense Zone) by Morozumi (1985). kaido [141?53'00"E,[141?53'00"E, 45028'54"N]; 45028'54"N]; Upper Upper Yeso Yeso Group; Group; Late Late Campanian Campanian NSM-PCL11-73-5 [=Loc. 4 in Matsumoto and Morozumi (1980)]: (Metaplacenticeras subtilistriatum subtilistriatum Zone) Zone) by by Matsumoto Matsumoto and and Miyauchi Miyauchi a cliff near the northern bank ofTakinoike-pond, Izumisano City, inOsaka MatsumotoMatsumoto (1984).(1984). Prefecture [135?19'53"E, 34?21 '02"N]; Azenotani Mudstone Member NSM-PCL3-34-1:of a acreek creek bank bank of of Onkonosawa, Onkonosawa, Tomamae, Tomamae, Rumoi Rumoi Mutsuo Formation of Ichihara et al. (1986); sandy siltstone; Early Maas-County, HokkaidoHokkaido [141?57'23"E, [141?57'23"E, 44010'23'N]; 44010'23'N]; Upper Upper Yeso Yeso Group; Group; San- San- trichtian (Nostoceras hetonaiense Zone) by Morozumi (1985). tonian. NSM-PCL11-73-6 [=Loc 6 in Matsumoto and Morozumi (1980)]: a

J. Paleont.,Paleont., 64(4), 64(4), 1990, 1990, pp. pp. 578-587 578-587 Copyright ?? 1990, 1990, The The Paleontological Paleontological Society Society 0022-3360/90/0064-0578s03.00

PATELLOGASTROPODS (MOLLUSCA) FROM THE EOCENE TEJON FORMATION OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA

DAVID R. LINDBERG AND RICHARD L. SQUIRES Museum of Paleontology, University of California, Berkeley 94720 and Department of Geological Sciences, California State University, Northridge 91330

ABsTRAcr-Collections from the basal part of the marine Eocene Tejon Formation, Tehachapi Mountains, southern California, reveal new stratigraphic occurrences of patellogastropod limpets. Reports of these gastropods from California Paleogene strata are uncommon. The Tejon limpets are all members of the tropical genus Patelloida. Four taxa are represented in 33 specimens from five localities. These taxa include: mature specimens of P. tejonensis (Gabb, 1869), the first occurrence of the Eocene P. vokesi (Hickman, 1980) outside of Oregon, and P. triquetrus n. sp., described herein. Our study shows that a hypotype referred to P. tejonensis by Anderson and Hanna in 1925 is actually a fissurelloidean species, and we tentatively reallocate it to the genus Megathura Pilsbry, 1890. Analysis of depositional settings indicates that nearshore, shallow-subtidal depositional environments have higher patellogastropod abundance and diversity than intertidal or offshore-subtidal depositional environments. Morphological convergence between Tejon and Recent patellogastropod taxa is documented. Resemblance of the Eocene P. triquetrus n. sp. and an indeterminate Patelloidea sp. to the Quaternary "Collisella" scabra (Gould, 1846) and Lottia digitalis (Rathke, 1833), respectively, is remarkable.

INTRODUCTION gion; in the New World only a single pair of cognate species, INTENSIVE COLLECTING by Squires in the rarely one exposed on either basal side of the Panamic land bridge remain. part of the marine Tejon Formation, Tehachapi The Mountains, new collections include 28 specimens from three local- southern California, has revealed new stratigraphic ities. occurrences Five additional specimens, reported from three localities of patellogastropod limpets. Reports of these gastropods by Nilsen from(1987), also were examined in the course of this study. California Paleogene strata are uncommon. Members Four taxa of thisare represented in the combined material: 1) mature taxon typically inhabit wave-swept rocky coasts, specimens a habitat poor-of P. tejonensis (Gabb, 1869); 2) the first occurrence ly represented in the pre-Pleistocene fossil record. of the Moreover, Eocene P. vokesi (Hickman, 1980) outside of Oregon; 3) taxa from this high-energy environment seldom P. triquetrus survive ta- n. sp. (described herein); and 4) an indeterminate phonomic processes intact, thus reducing the probability species of theirPatelloida. These identifications are based on com- deposition downslope. The patellogastropod faunaparisons described of the Tejon specimens with primary type material or here was apparently deposited during the middle illustrated Eocene in and both referred specimens of all known northwest Amer- intertidal and nearby shallow subtidal environments. ican Tertiary The rock patellogastropods. These comparisons reveal that substrates on which these limpets lived may be the represented specimen byreferred to P. tejonensis by Anderson and Hanna the gneissic quartz-diorite basement complex on (1925) which is theactually Te- a fissurelloidean species, and evidence for the jon Formation unconformably rests. All of the tentative Tejon limpets reallocation of this specimen to the genus Megathura are members of the genus Patelloida Quoy and Pilsbry,Gaimard, 1890, 1834. is presented and discussed. Today, this genus is well represented in the Austral-Asian The morphological re- characters used to diagnose the Tejon lim-

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