Global Media Ethics

Global Media Ethics Global Media Ethics Problems and Perspectives Edited by StephenJ.A.Ward A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first published 2013 © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical, and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered Office John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial Offices 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services, and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. The right of Stephen J. A. Ward to be identified as the author of the editorial material in this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs, and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Global media ethics : problems and perspectives / edited by Stephen J.A. Ward. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4051-8392-5 (hardback) – ISBN 978-1-4051-8391-8 (paperback) 1. Journalistic ethics. 2. Mass media – Moral and ethical aspects. I. Ward, Stephen J. A. (Stephen John Anthony), 1951– editor of compilation. PN4756.G56 2013 174.907–dc23 2012037007 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Cover image: Relatives of Pakistani national Khalid Mehmood at Wagah border post near Lahore, March 10, 2008. Mehmood, who had gone to India to watch a cricket series in 2005 and was arrested by Indian police, died in police custody. © Mohsin Raza / Reuters. Cover design by RBDA. Set in 11/13pt Sabon by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India 1 2013 To Glenda Louise Thomson: steadfast companion, love of my life, global advocate for justice; a kind and beautiful soul. Contents Notes on Contributors ix Introduction: Media Ethics as Global 1 StephenJ.A.Ward Part I Media Ethics Worldwide 11 1 Why Media Ethics Still Matters 13 Nick Couldry 2 Universals and Differences in Global Journalism Ethics 30 Thomas Hanitzsch, Patrick Lee Plaisance, and Elizabeth A. Skewes 3 The Role of the Journalist in Reporting International Conflicts 50 Howard Tumber 4 Global Journalism Networks: Funding and Ethical Hurdles 69 Brant Houston Part II Media and Diverse Public Spheres 87 5 Contextual Ethics and Arab Mass Media 89 Ralph D. Berenger and Mustafa Taha 6 From Journalism Ethics to an Ethics of Citizenship: Evidence from Colombia 110 Hernando Rojas and Tim Macafee 7 Media Ethics in a New Democracy: South African Perspectives on Freedom, Dignity, and Citizenship 126 Herman Wasserman 8 Democratization by Boilerplate: National Media, International Norms, and Sovereign Nation Building in Postwar Liberia 146 Jo Ellen Fair Part III Global Issues 169 9 The Role of Global Media in Telling the Climate Change Story 171 Sharon Dunwoody and Magda Konieczna viii Contents 10 Ethics of Global Disaster Reporting: Journalistic Witnessing and Objectivity 191 Karin Wahl-Jorgensen and Mervi Pantti 11 Affective Expertise: The Journalism Ethics of Celebrity Sourcing 214 Katherine M. Bell 12 Global Media Ethics, Justice, and Indian Journalism 235 Shakuntala Rao Part IV Theoretical Foundations 251 13 Global Media Ethics? Issues, Requirements, Challenges, Resolutions 253 Charles M. Ess 14 Global Ethics and the Problem of Relativism 272 Clifford G. Christians 15 Global Media Ethics: Utopian or Realistic? 295 StephenJ.A.Ward Index 315 Notes on Contributors Katherine M. Bell is an assistant professor in the Communication Depart- ment at California State University, East Bay. She is a career journalist who worked with the Canadian Press news agency as a reporter, editor, and news manager. She holds a PhD in Communication from the University of Washington in Seattle, where she specialized in celebrity and media studies. Ralph D. Berenger is an associate professor of mass communication at the American University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, where he teaches journalism writing and editing, international mass communication, and theory courses. He has previously taught at universities in Cairo, and has lived and worked in the Middle East for 13 years. In addition to a score of book chapters, he has also published four books on mass media and is finishing his fifth on social media during the Arab Spring, to be published in 2012. He holds a doctorate from Idaho State University in political science. Prior to joining academia he spent nearly four decades as a newspaper reporter, editor, and publisher in the United States and elsewhere. Clifford G. Christians is a Research Professor of Communications, Pro- fessor of Journalism, and Professor of Media Studies Emeritus, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. His most recent coauthored book is Ethics for Public Communication: Defining Moments in Media History (with John Ferre and Mark Fackler, 2012). His coauthored Media Ethics: Cases and Moral Reasoning (2011) is in its ninth edition. He edited Key Concepts in Critical Cultural Communication (with Linda Steiner, 2010). Nick Couldry is Professor of Media and Communications at Goldsmiths, University of London and Director of its Centre for the study of Global Media and Democracy. He is the author or editor of 10 books, includ- ing most recently Media, Society, World: Social Theory and Digital Media Practice (2012) and Why Voice Matters: Culture and Politics After Neoliberalism (2010). Sharon Dunwoody is Evjue-Bascom Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research explores news making about science from the perspectives of both scientists x Notes on Contributors and journalists, as well as the ways in which individuals use media messages to make sense of risky things. She earned her BA from Indiana University, her MA from Temple University, and her PhD from Indiana University. Charles M. Ess is Associate Professor in Media Studies, Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo. He has also served as a guest professor at Aarhus University and IT-University (Denmark), Trier University (Germany), the Norwegian University of Science and Technology at Trondheim, and Nˆımes (France). He has received awards for excellence in both teaching and scholarship, and has published extensively in both philosophy and media studies. Jo Ellen Fair is a professor in the School of Journalism and Mass Com- munication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. She has served as a trainer in several journalism workshops across Africa. The Vilas Asso- ciates program of the Graduate School at University of Wisconsin-Madison supported this research. Thomas Hanitzsch is Professor of Communication at the University of Munich, Germany. He founded and chaired the Journalism Studies Divi- sion of the International Communication Association. His teaching and research focuses on global journalism cultures, war coverage, celebrity news, and comparative communication research. He is the editor-in-chief of Communication Theory (2012–14), and has coedited The Handbook of Journalism Studies (2009) and The Handbook of Comparative Com- munication Research (2012). He also has published more than 70 journal articles and book chapters. He is a former newspaper and radio journalist and received his PhD from Ilmenau University of Technology, Germany in 2004. Brant Houston is the Knight Chair in Investigative Reporting at the Univer- sity of Illinois where he teaches and oversees regional newsroom projects. He is cofounder of the Investigative News Network and the Global Inves- tigative Journalism Network. He coauthored The Investigative Reporter’s Handbook (2009) and is author of Computer-Assisted Reporting (2003). He served as executive director of Investigative Reporters and Editors for a decade and was an investigative reporter at Metropolitan Newspapers for 17 years. Magda Konieczna is a PhD student in the School of Journalism and Mass Communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research focuses on media economics and political economy, specifically examining how changing funding structures of journalism are affecting communities. She has a Masters of Journalism

Load more