Sip SEPT 2015
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SCIENCE IN PARLIAMENT The Journal of the Parliamentary and Scientific Committee sip SEPTEMBER 2015 This is not an official publication of the House of Commons or the House of Lords. It has not been approved by either House or its Committees. All-Party Groups are informal groups of members of both Houses with a common interest in particular issues. The views expressed in this Journal are those of the Group. This Journal is funded by the members of the Parliamentary and Scientific Committee. www.scienceinparliament.org.uk G L Brown Lecture 2015 Extreme Threats Environmental threats: Origins, consequences and amelioration Mike Tipton, Professor of Human & Applied Physiology 16.00 on Friday 16 October 2015 followed by a drinks reception Hodgkin Huxley House, 30 Farringdon Lane, London EC1R 3AW Contact [email protected] for more information and to book your place Sir George Lindor Brown (9 February 1903 – 22 February 1971) was a noted English physiologist. In 1975 The Physiological Society established the G L Brown Prize Lecture in his memory. The G L Brown Lecture takes place each year at a variety of locations across the UK. Founded in 1876, The Physiological Society supports over 3,500 scientists internationally by providing world-class conferences, resources and grants - find out more at www.physoc.org Welcome to my first editorial It was great to see the launch as the new Chair of the P&SC. I of the MRC Innovation Fund – SCIENCE IN PARLIAMENT am looking forward to this new an initiative of my colleague, role enormously. George Freeman. We shall be commissioning contributions to I have two thanks to give. SiP from some of the winners in sip First to my predecessor, due course. Andrew Miller, who did such a Some topics which have been superb job in running it for five covered either in Discussion The Journal of the Parliamentary and years. I am sure he is now Meetings or in these pages will Scientific Committee. Stephen Metcalfe MP, enjoying the peace and quiet not lie down. We have recently The Parliamentary and Scientific Committee is an All-Party Chairman, Parliamentary and after the hurly burly of witnessed renewed controversy Scientific Committee Parliamentary Group of members of Westminster. about neonicotinoids and GM both Houses of Parliament and British insects. members of the European Parliament, Second to our President, Ron representatives of scientific and It is excellent that MPs have technical institutions, industrial Oxburgh, for providing the organisations and universities. continuity (and the last Editorial) had a chance to quiz some of during the odd inter regnum the top scientists in these fields. which occurs between Our programme for the parliaments. Autumn commences with Parliament may have vanished “Patient Safety” in October. for a few weeks, but the world I am looking forward to seeing of science never sleeps. new faces in the audience. Science in Parliament has two main objectives: 1. to inform the scientific and industrial communities of activities within Parliament of a scientific nature and of the progress of relevant legislation; 2. to keep Members of Parliament abreast of scientific affairs. CONTENTS INNOVATION HUBS 2 THE BIG DATA OPPORTUNITY 20 PROFESSOR JOHN BLEBY 39 Professor Sa’ad Medhat Hetan Shah HOUSE OF COMMONS SELECT COMMITTEES 40 INCENTIVE PRIZES AND THE ADVANCEMENT OF BIG DATA IN NEUROSCIENCE 22 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 3 Professor Mark Stokes and Nicholas Myers HOUSE OF LORDS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Paul Ridout SELECT COMMITTEE 43 THE COLD TIME BOMB 25 PARLIAMENTARY OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND ECOLOGY MATTERS 6 Professor Martin Freer and Professor Toby Peters TECHNOLOGY 44 Ben Connor SCIENCE AND THE NEW PARLIAMENT 27 HOUSE OF COMMONS LIBRARY SCIENCE AND 150 YEARS OF THE STATE VETERINARY SERVICE 8 Parliamentary Links Day 2015 ENVIRONMENT SECTION 46 Dr Alison Wilson GALLIUM NITRIDE FOR SAVING LIVES, ENERGY, SCIENCE DIRECTORY 47 FOOD AND THE FUTURE 10 CARBON EMISSIONS AND MONEY! 30 Veronica Vaccari Address to the P&SC by Professor Sir Colin Humphreys SCIENCE DIARY 56 THE UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM INSTITUTE FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY 32 AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY 12 Addresses to the P&SC by Professor Andrew Fisher, Professor Hervé Morvan Professor Milo Shaffer and Professor Alex Orlov THE FUTURE OF ROAD TRANSPORT 14 COMBATING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE 38 Addresses to the P&SC by Lord Borwick, Rob Wallis and Dr Lindsay R Chura, Elizabeth Hogben and Steve Yianni Stefania Di Mauro-Nava The covers of this issue are sponsored by NEF: The Innovation Institute, The Physiological Society, The University of Nottingham and The Royal Society of Biology. Science in Parliament Vol 72 No 3 September 2015 1 INNOVATION HUBS – A STRUCTURED PLATFORM FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH Achieving growth that generates economic value and social benefit requires a structured approach that binds an organisation’s strength and aspiration with that of its stakeholders and partners, thus creating an innovation capability that is scalable and sustainable. Having such a capability gives innovation hub development is activities. Examples of innovation the freedom to public or private to cluster the organisation’s hubs in education include Tyne sector organisations to develop capability around new and Metropolitan College who an ethos of entrepreneurship emerging economic areas of focused on providing solutions Professor Sa’ad Medhat and the ability to experiment growth. Clustering delivers in Engineering Systems and CEO, NEF: The Innovation Institute with different choices. constructive alignment between Design; Havering College built a business strategy and the their Hub on the strength of Market responsiveness, innovation focus, thus improving their healthcare expertise and changing technologies and speed of response and Plymouth University centred trends, tighter budgets and enhancing the quality of new their Innovation Hubs on shifting economic conditions offerings for the organisation. developing local enterprise have all acted as stimuli for Innovation hubs can be physical capital in eco-environment, organisations to innovate to or virtual and their structure and health and life sciences and consider alternative approaches characteristics are determined by digital and media creative to drive performance. Innovation strategic goals. They can be sectors. In business, innovation happens not only in a product implemented at a regional or hubs can be used to leverage or a service but also in the way in which organisations design ... innovation requires openness to collaborate and conduct their business to and the freedom to be creative ... maintain competitive positioning. city level, or as part of a broad base IP and identify The drive for innovation company, a college or a public possible solutions to challenges, requires openness to collaborate sector organisation to provide thereby enabling faster market and the freedom to be creative. the vital knowledge exchange response. Pharmaceutical and However, organisational rigidity environment that stimulates FMCG businesses often use the and bureaucracy often inhibit creativity and accelerates notion of open innovation the innovation process. Having a innovation. Hubs can be formed delivered through innovation structured approach that as an autonomous single unit or hubs to access different expert contains risk whilst providing a as a network of distributed but perspectives to support creative channel to experiment out of interconnected thematic entities. problem-solving. An example of the business norms, provides an Innovation Hub approach in greater opportunity to secure In education, innovation hubs business has been the quick wins. One structured offer a natural fit with further collaborative laboratory or approach is the formation of an education colleges in that they ‘Collaboratory’ in DuPont. Both Innovation Hub. build upon the relationship that virtual and physical, the a college has with local business Collaboratory which brings a INNOVATION HUBS and industry, and provide a knowledge base of some nine An Innovation Hub presents a means of collaborative thousand experts in the fields of compelling platform for engagement to develop science, engineering and harnessing capability, focusing commercial solutions, underpin technology, is founded on the investment and stimulating educational provision and precepts of collaboration and co- enterprise. The key to successful extend outreach and civic 2 Science in Parliament Vol 72 No 3 September 2015 creation. Through the use of live Organisations which create role. Whilst maintaining a future could potentially extend the conferencing, design thinking innovation hubs have the ability focus on managing an opportunities and benefits. and ideation, solutions to to mobilise innovation initiatives innovation portfolio, a hub In fact, hubs provide a robust challenges are being discovered quickly and can optimise the leader should also embrace mechanism for competitive and DuPont’s innovation time taken to create new value impact-driven operational collaboration. Again, pharma pipeline is flowing. for their end users and accountability that fosters companies tend to do this well themselves. partnership development to Three determinants in tackling issues during drug drive co-creation and informs characterise the modus operandi development or a clinical trial HUBS LEADERSHIP & the decision-making processes of innovation hubs, they: stage. Such models can offer a GOVERNANCE within a hub’s ecosystem. scaffold structure for any sector • act as a catalyst for driving