Lillooet-English Dictionary
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Lillooet-English Dictionary Jan P. van Eijk First Nations University of Canada The University of British Columbia Occasional Papers in Linguistics Volume 2 July 2013 UBCOPL is published by the graduate students of the University of British Columbia, and is a division of UBCWPL (The University of British Columbia Working Papers in Linguistics). The publication of UBCOPL volumes elsewhere is not precluded. All rights remain with the author(s). If you have any comments or suggestions, or would like to place orders, please contact : UBCOPL Editors Department of Linguistics Totem Field Studios 2613 West Mall V6T 1Z4 Tel: 604 822 0415 Fax 604 822 9687 E-mail: <[email protected]> The cover illustration is by Marie Joseph Abraham of Mount Currie, and shows her mother Rosie (Dan) Joseph (1928-1996) in her dancing regalia. In Marie’s words, “Our Mom was an excellent storyteller in both languages, St’át’imcets and Sám7ats. She loved to sing and dance, all of her ten children knew this, she was a fun Mom to us and to lots of people.” The back cover map is reprinted with permission of the Publisher from The Lillooet Language by Jan P. van Eijk © University of British Columbia Press 1997. All rights reserved by the Publisher. ii Dedicated to the Memory of Aert Kuipers Dale Kinkade and Simon Dik iii Compilation of this dictionary was made possible by Research Grant 410-85-0062 from the Social Sciences and Humanities Council of Canada iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction.....................................................................................................................vii 1 Summary and outline..........................................................................vii 2 Affiliation, dialects, homeland, culture, name..................viii 3 Previous and ongoing work on Lillooet...................................xi 4 Grammatical Structure of Lillooet.............................................xii 4.1 Phonology and morphophonemics......................xiii 4.2 Morphology..........................................................................xv 4.3 Syntax.....................................................................................xxi 5 Problems in collecting lexical material................................xxii 6 Acknowledgements.........................................................................xxiii Organization of the dictionary.......................................................................xxvii Roots and derivations...................................................................................................1 p.................................................................................................................................3 ̄..............................................................................................................................28 m............................................................................................................................35 t...............................................................................................................................49 ̿...............................................................................................................................64 c/.........................................................................................................................64 ɧ..............................................................................................................................81 s/ʠ.......................................................................................................................102 n...........................................................................................................................121 Θ...........................................................................................................................133 v ............................................................................................................................153 l/ɴ.........................................................................................................................168 k............................................................................................................................179 ˇ............................................................................................................................195 w k .........................................................................................................................209 w ˇ .........................................................................................................................223 x...........................................................................................................................231 w x ........................................................................................................................238 #...........................................................................................................................251 q...........................................................................................................................253 ̑...........................................................................................................................269 w q ........................................................................................................................283 w ̑ ........................................................................................................................295 ͣ...........................................................................................................................304 w ͣ ........................................................................................................................317 U............................................................................................................................326 w U .........................................................................................................................333 h...........................................................................................................................337 w..........................................................................................................................342 y...........................................................................................................................354 z............................................................................................................................356 T............................................................................................................................375 Reinforcing enclitic..................................................................................................407 Prefixes............................................................................................................................409 Interfixes.........................................................................................................................413 Suffixes.............................................................................................................................415 References......................................................................................................................449 vi Introduction The work presented here comprises a dictionary of most lexical material (roots plus derivations, prefixes, interfixes and suffixes) collected on the Lillooet language during various stays in Lillooet-speaking communities from 1972 until the 1990s. The dictionary proper is accompanied by an introductory section on various aspects of Lillooet grammatical structure, previous work on Lillooet, and problems in collecting Lillooet lexical data. The organization of the dictionary is explained in a separate section. 1 Summary and Outline This dictionary contains most of the lexical material collected on the Lillooet language by the author between 1972 and 1984, with additional material collected during short field trips in the 1980s and 90s. An earlier version of this dictionary was completed as a typescript in 1987, and the present dictionary follows the format and order in that earlier effort, with a number of corrections and additions to the original material. In particular, I have added Salish etymologies from Kuipers 2002 (here abbreviated as ‘K,’ so that, for example, ‘K97’ reads as ‘Kuipers 2002:97’). Another important improvement consists of the correct identification of plant species and birds, as detailed in section 5 below. In what follows, section 2 presents basic information on the linguistic affiliation and dialects of Lillooet, on the Lillooet homeland and culture, and on the origin of the name “Lillooet.” Section 3 provides an overview of previous and ongoing work on Lillooet, section 4 on the grammatical structure of Lillooet, section 5 on problems inherent in collecting lexical data on Lillooet (and other hitherto undescribed or underdescribed languages), while section 6 consists of acknowledgements. vii 2 Affiliation, dialects, homeland, culture, name Lillooet belongs to the Northern Interior branch of the Salish (or Salishan) language family, which is comprised of the following divisions, branches and individual members (* marking extinct languages): (1) Bella Coola division: Bella Coola; (2) Coast division: (2a) Central branch: Comox, *Pentlatch, Sechelt, Squamish, Halkomelem, Nooksack, Northern Straits, Klallam, Lushootseed, Twana; (2b) Oregon branch: *Tillamook-Siletz; (3)