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Freedom School Curriculum FREEDOM SCHOOL CURRICULUM MISSISSIPPI FREEDOM SUMMER, 1964 Edited and Introduced by Kathy Emery, Sylvia Braselmann, and Linda Gold Part 2: Case Studies TABLE OF CONTENTS CASE STUDIES................................................................................................................................... 1 STATISTICS ON EDUCATION, HOUSING, INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT, AND HEALTH................................................................................................................................................ 1 THE SOUTH AS AN UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRY ................................................................ 8 THE POOR IN AMERICA ................................................................................................................. 15 THE TRIPLE REVOLUTION............................................................................................................ 26 CHESTER, PA.—COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION IN THE OTHER AMERICA..................... 37 GUIDE TO NEGRO HISTORY ......................................................................................................... 46 NEGRO HISTORY ADDENDUM I .................................................................................................. 60 NEGRO HISTORY ADDENDUM II................................................................................................. 66 NEGRO HISTORY STUDY QUESTIONS....................................................................................... 69 THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEGRO POWER IN AMERICAN POLITICS SINCE 1900............. 72 IN WHITE AMERICA........................................................................................................................ 80 THE MISSISSIPPI POWER STRUCTURE ...................................................................................... 90 THE POWER OF THE DIXIECRATS .............................................................................................. 99 NAZI GERMANY COMPARED TO THE SOUTH.......................................................................110 PROBLEMS RELATING TO UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE VICINITY OF HAZARD, KENTUCKY......................................................................................................................................134 STATEMENTS OF DISCIPLINE OF NONVIOLENT MOVEMENTS .......................................149 READINGS IN NONVIOLENCE....................................................................................................151 RIFLE SQUADS OR THE BELOVED COMMUNITY.................................................................155 NONVIOLENCE IN AMERICAN HISTORY................................................................................163 VOTER REGISTRATION LAWS IN MISSISSIPPI......................................................................168 CASE STUDY ON THE CIVIL RIGHTS BILL .............................................................................176 BEHIND THE COTTON CURTAIN...............................................................................................188 TEACHING MATERIAL FOR UNIT VII.......................................................................................215 SOURCES Preface, Introduction, and Question and Activities are by Kathy Emery, Sylvia Braselmann and Linda Gold. Copyright 2004 All photos are copyright Herbert Randall, and are used with kind permission of Herbert Randall. The photos were provided by the McCain Library and Archives, University of Southern Mississippi (http://www.lib.usm.edu/~spcol/crda/). Most the documents used are from SNCC Papers. The original SNCC papers are at the King Library and Archives, The Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change, Atlanta, GA. We have used the Microfilm Edition: SNCC, The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee Papers, 1959-1972 (Sanford, NC: Microfilming Corporation of America, 1982) We are citing the reel, file and first inclusive page number in the table below. Some documents are from the Iris Greenberg Collection: Iris Greenberg / Freedom Summer Collection, 1963-1964 Manuscripts, Archives, and Rare Books Division, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, The New York Public Library; Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations Some case studies are papers written for SDS (Students for a Democratic Society) The original SDS records are at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. We have use the Microfilm Edition: Papers, 1958-1970 / Students for a Democratic Society (U.S.) (Glen Rock, N.J.: Microfilming Corp. of America, 1978.) We are citing the reel and file in the table below. The article “The Freedom Schools; Concept and Organization” by Staughton Lynd was published in Freedomways, Second Quarter 1965, p302-309; and is reprinted with permission of the author. The open letter to the President, “Triple Revolution” was published in Liberation, April 1964, p 9-15. Two scenes from In White America by Martin Duberman; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1964. (First Scene: The Klan, p43-52; Second Scene: Little Rock, p 64-69.) Reprinted with permission of the author. The article “Rifle Squads or the Beloved Community” by A. J. Muste was published in Liberation, May 1964, p 7-12. The case study “Behind the Cotton Curtain” is from the Ellin papers in the Digital Archives of the McCain Library and Archives, University of Southern Mississippi (http://anna.lib.usm.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi/zUw9Mc1vK7/163340015/503/612) Prospectus for the Mississippi Freedom Summer SNCC; 39, 190, 1039 COFO Flyer: Freedom Summer Iris Greenberg Collection COFO Flyer: MFDP Iris Greenberg Collection COFO Flyer: Freedom Registration Iris Greenberg Collection Prospectus for a Summer Freedom School Program SNCC; 39, 165, 75 Curriculum Conference Subgroup Report SNCC; 67, 340, 1000 Outline for Case Studies SNCC; 67, 340, 999 Memo to Freedom School Teachers SNCC; 67, 340, 1183 Overview of the Freedom Schools SNCC; 67, 340, 864 Notes on Teaching in Mississippi SNCC; 67, 340, 1178 Non-Material Teaching Suggestions (excerpt) Iris Greenberg Collection Profiles of Typical Freedom Schools SNCC; 68, 364, 552 Mississippi Freedom Schools: New Houses of Liberty SNCC; 68, 342, 93 Freedom School Data SNCC; 67, 321, 2007 A Report, mainly on Ruleville SNCC; 68, 367, 582 Mississippi Freedom Schools, 1964 SNCC; 68,346,224 Student Work: What the Summer Project has meant Iris Greenberg Collection Student Work: Palmers’ Crossing Freedom News SNCC; 39, 166, 0129 Student Work: Freedom Carrier SNCC; 39, 166, 0127 Student Work: Freedom Star SNCC; 67, 345, 1287 Platform of the Freedom School Convention SNCC; 68, 346, 255 TOC and A Note to the Teacher Iris Greenberg Collection Academic Curriculum: Reading and Writing Skills SNCC; 67, 340, 1002 Mathematics (Excerpt) SNCC; 39, 165, 122 Science SNCC; 67, 340, 761 Citizenship Curriculum Unit I - VI SNCC; 67, 340, 830 Citizenship Curriculum Unit VII, part 1 SNCC; 67, 340, 902 Citizenship Curriculum Unit VII, part 2 SNCC; 67, 328, 346 Statistics on Education, Housing, Income, etc. Iris Greenberg Collection The South as an Underdeveloped Country SDS; 36, 4B:46 The Poor in America SNCC; 67, 340, 815 Chester, PA.—Community Organization in the Other America SDS; 39, 4B:392 Guide to Negro History SNCC; 67, 340 History addendum I SNCC; 67, 337, 641 History addendum II SNCC; 39, 166; 140 Negro History Study Questions SNCC; 67, 340, 1081 Development of Negro Power since 1900 SNCC; 67, 340, 830 Mississippi Power Structure SNCC; 67, 339, 746 Power of the Dixiecrats SDS; 37, 4B:158 Nazi Germany SNCC; 67, 340, 1052 Hazard, KY SNCC; 68, 382, 824 Statements of Discipline of Nonviolent Movements SNCC; 67, 340, 797 Readings in Nonviolence Iris Greenberg Collection Nonviolence in American History SNCC; 67, 340, 365 Voter Registration Laws in Mississippi SNCC; 67, 340, 783 Civil Rights Bill SNCC; 67, 340, 788 Teaching Mat. Unit VII: Campaign Lit. on Mrs. Hamer SNCC; 67, 340, 1187 Teaching Mat. Unit VII: Candidate biography SNCC; 67, 336, 0906 Teaching Mat. Unit VII: Regular Voter Registration Form SNCC; 39, 165, 0087 Teaching Mat. Unit VII: MFDP Voter Registration Form SNCC; 67, 340, 1146 Teaching Mat. Unit VII: Sample Sections MS Constitution SNCC; 67, 340, Case Studies 1 CASE STUDIES STATISTICS ON EDUCATION, HOUSING, INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT, AND HEALTH Part I: Education The relationship between jobs and education is quite clear. The threat of automation on the uneducated and unskilled is clear. In an age of specialization and skill, nobody wants an illiterate. Nobody wants to take the time and money needed to help these people—nobody in the deep south where the problem is greatest. The South does not want to lose “its” cheap labor nor run the risk of really educating Negro laborers. While there are federal programs of training and assistance, these are under state and local control to a great extent—and therefore, are not at all beneficial to Negroes. The South has the highest illiteracy rate in America. To maintain separate schools is costly; consequently neither school is very good and, of course, the Negro schools are inferior to the bad “white” schools. Adult education doe not reach the Negro and neither does realistic vocational education. The states manage to keep most federal money in white institutions. It will be necessary to set up new institutions to handle the training for Negro adults and school dropouts—we are trying to do this now. Otherwise, these people will never be free—no matter what civil rights are put on the books. In most southern states, approximately half of the students drop out of high school. Forty-
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