Nationwide Public Opinion Poll: The Gambia
November 26 - December 7, 2019 Methodology
• The poll was conducted by the Center for Research and Policy Development on behalf of the International Republican Institute’s Center for Insights in Survey Research. • Data was collected from November 26 to December 7, 2019 through face-to-face interviews at respondents’ homes. • The sample comprised 1,178 residents of The Gambia, aged 18 and older. The sample is representative of the adult population of The Gambia by age, Local Government Area (LGA) and urbanicity in accordance with results of the 2013 Population and Housing Census of The Gambia. • The poll’s response rate was 98 percent. The margin of error for the full sample is ±3.0 points at 95 percent confidence level. • A multistage probability sampling method was used, employing a random route method for household selection and the Kish grid for respondent selection. • Stage 1: PPS stratification across eight LGAs. • Stage 2: PPS stratification in urban and rural enumeration areas within LGAs. • Stage 3: Randomized assignment of primary sampling units. • The sample is weighted for age, gender, urbanicity and LGA based on results of the 2018 Labor Force Survey of The Gambia. • Interviews were conducted in English, Mandinka, Wolof and Fula. • Charts and graphs may not add to 100 percent due to rounding. • Cited bases are weighted. • The poll was funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development.
2 Contextual Note
• Any reference to the “current constitution” refers to the 1997 constitution as amended. The 1997 constitution is the country’s second constitution. In 1994, a military coup led by Yahya Jammeh overthrew the democratic government. This military government held a referendum in 1996, resulting in the 1997 constitution. The constitution has since been amended numerous times under the former authoritarian ruler, Yahya Jammeh. Therefore, many Gambians polled refer to this constitution as Jammeh’s constitution. • The Constitutional Review Commission (CRC) was established in June 2018 to review and analyze the current constitution and draft a new constitution for the Republic of The Gambia. Following consultations of Gambians domestic and abroad, the CRC released a draft of the constitution on November 15, 2019. • The CRC conducted a second round of countrywide public consultations between November 31 and December 16, 2019. • The CRC subsequently released and sent the final draft constitution to the executive on March 30, 2020. • Data for this poll was collected between November 26 and December 7, 2019. Therefore, any references to the draft constitution refer to the initial draft released by the CRC on November 15, 2019.
3 Geographical Key: LGAs of The Gambia
Kerewan Mansakonko Basse Janjanbureh Brikama
*Due to relatively small sample size, Kanifing and Banjul are combined when displaying LGA-disaggregated results.
4 Frequent Disaggregates, Part 1
Disaggregate Disaggregation Category Base Kanifing & Banjul n=270 Brikama n=537 Mansakonko n=49 LGA Kerewan n=100 Kuntaur n=57 Janjanbureh n=69 Basse n=96 Urban n=673 Urbanicity Rural n=505 Male n=557 Sex Female n=621 Age 18-29 n=404 Age 30-35 n=207 Age Groups Age 36-55 n=403 Age 56 and older n=164
*Cited bases are weighted. Margin of error will vary with sample size. 5 Frequent Disaggregates, Part 2
Disaggregate Disaggregation Category Base Barely Subsistence n=351 Subsistence n=458 Economic Situation Adequate n=278 More than Adequate n=79
**Economic Situation is based on the question “Please tell us which answer best describes your current economic situation.” • Barely Subsistence = “I have trouble feeding myself and my family and buying even the most essential things for survival.” • Subsistence = “I have enough means for survival, but I do not have enough money for extra things.” • Adequate = “I am able to afford a few new extra things.” • More than Adequate = “I am able to afford most things I want.”
*Cited bases are weighted. Margin of error will vary with sample size. 6 Outlook and Priority Issues In general, would you say that The Gambia is heading in the right direction or the wrong direction?
All Respondents 58% 35% 7%
Age Groups
18-29 53% 42% 5%
30-35 59% 37% 4%
36-55 64% 29% 6%
56 and older 55% 30% 15%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
In the right direction In the wrong direction Don’t know/Refused
8 What is the most important problem facing The Gambia today? (Spontaneous response; up to three responses permitted)
Cost of living, high prices 25% 14% 11% 50% Unemployment 12% 10% 9% 31% Insecurity 7% 6% 5% Water 7% 7% 7% Agriculture 5% 3% 4% Electricity 5% 8% 7% Internal conflicts 5% 3% 2% Crime/Public Safety 4% 3% 4% Healthcare 3% 4% 5% Infrastructure 3% 5% 4% Education 2% 2% 3% Corruption 2%3%4% Small business opportunities/loans 1%3% 3% Poverty 1%2% 2% Economy - other/general 1%2%1% Social services/benefits 1% 1%1% External conflicts/War 1% <1% Other 11% 9% 6% No (other) problem 2% 11% 19% Don’t know/Refused 4% 4% 4% 0% 20% 40% 60% Most important Second most important Third most important
*Responses receiving less than 1 percent on first response are combined into Other. 9 What is the most important problem facing The Gambia today? (Spontaneous response; first response only – Top 10 responses) Banjul+Kanifing Brikama Cost of living, high prices 26% Cost of living, high prices 24% Insecurity 15% Unemployment 12% Unemployment 15% Agriculture 8% Internal conflicts 6% Insecurity 7% Crime/Public Safety 6% Internal conflicts 5% Electricity 4% Crime/Public Safety 4% Corruption 3% Education 3% Infrastructure 2% Electricity 3% Social services/benefits 2% Water 3% Caste conflicts 2% Small business opportunities/loans 2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Mansakonko Kerewan Cost of living, high prices 17% Cost of living, high prices 32% Electricity 15% Unemployment 13% Water 9% Water 11% Insecurity 9% Electricity 6% Unemployment 6% Healthcare 6% Infrastructure 4% Agriculture 6% Internal conflicts 3% Infrastructure 4% Small business opportunities/loans 3% Poverty 4% Healthcare 2% Economy - other/general 2% Poverty 2% Insecurity 2% 10 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% What is the most important problem facing The Gambia today? (Spontaneous response; first response only – Top 10 responses) Janjanbureh Kuntaur Cost of living, high prices 28% Water 17% Water 28% Cost of living, high prices 16% Agriculture 9% Unemployment 15% Crime/Public Safety 6% Agriculture 8% Internal conflicts 6% Electricity 8% Infrastructure 5% Healthcare 8% Unemployment 3% Insecurity 6% Electricity 3% Infrastructure 6% Education 2% Poverty 5% Healthcare 1% Economy - other/general 3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% Basse Water 26% Cost of living, high prices 21% Electricity 10% Unemployment 8% Agriculture 5% Healthcare 5% Small business opportunities/loans 3% Poverty 3% Education 3% Infrastructure 2% 11 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% What has the national government said to be its biggest priority? (Spontaneous response; up to two responses permitted)
Creating jobs 19% 14% Maintaining infrastructure like roads and public buildings 15% 12% Providing healthcare 12% 14% Establishing democracy 3% 2% Providing education 3% 6% Maintaining security 2% 2% Effective service delivery 2% 3% Attracting foreign investment 2% 1% Fighting corruption 1% 2% Keeping law and order 1%2% Regularizing and verification of national/government payroll 1% <1% Expenditure tracking 1% <1% Investigating officials and actions of the Jammeh administration 1% 1% Regulating the mining industry 1% <1% Reforming the constitution 1% 1% Other 14% 11% No (other) priority 1% 25% Don’t know/Refused 23% 4%
0% 20% 40% Biggest priority Second biggest priority
*Responses receiving less than 1 percent on first response are combined into Other. 12 How would you describe the current economic situation of your household?
All Respondents 7% 40% 41% 10% 3% Age Groups 18-29 8% 40% 38% 11% 4%
30-35 10% 43% 36% 10% 2%
36-55 5% 40% 43% 9% 2%
56 and older 4% 36% 50% 9% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 15% 41% 20% 15% 9% Brikama 6% 31% 57% 5% 1%
Mansakonko 6% 56% 32% 3% 3%
Kerewan 40% 46% 14%
Kuntaur 54% 43% 3%
Janjanbureh 2% 60% 23% 15%
Basse 1% 52% 26% 21%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don’t know/Refused
13 Do you believe that democracy is the best possible form of government for The Gambia or not?
All Respondents 66% 18% 11% 5%
Age Groups
18-29 58% 24% 12% 6%
30-35 58% 20% 15% 7%
36-55 69% 15% 12% 4%
56 and older 85% 9% 4% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Yes, it is the best possible form of government for our country No, there are other forms of government that could be equally good for our country No, there are other forms of government that are better than democracy Don’t know/Refused 14 How would you rate the performance of the national government?
All Respondents 29% 38% 17% 10% 6% Age Groups 18-29 25% 44% 15% 11% 6%
30-35 24% 37% 16% 15% 9%
36-55 36% 33% 19% 7% 5%
56 and older 31% 39% 20% 8% 2% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 16% 54% 13% 13% 3%
Brikama 31% 31% 19% 11% 8%
Mansakonko 38% 33% 18% 6% 5%
Kerewan 17% 49% 30% 4% 1%
Kuntaur 27% 41% 20% 9% 3%
Janjanbureh 55% 23% 13% 8% 1%
Basse 48% 36% 4% 3% 8%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don’t know/Refused
15 Citizen Views on the Constitution How familiar or unfamiliar are you with The Gambia’s current constitution?
All Respondents 15% 22% 11% 34% 18%
Age Groups
18-29 10% 20% 10% 43% 16%
30-35 9% 23% 13% 35% 20%
36-55 23% 26% 10% 27% 14%
56 and older 16% 14% 11% 27% 31%
Sex
Male 16% 30% 12% 28% 14%
Female 14% 15% 10% 39% 22%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very familiar Somewhat familiar Somewhat unfamiliar Very unfamiliar Don’t know/Refused
17 How familiar or unfamiliar are you with The Gambia’s current constitution?
All Respondents 15% 22% 11% 34% 18%
LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 4% 25% 14% 47% 11%
Brikama 26% 17% 9% 27% 22%
Mansakonko 17% 18% 6% 40% 20%
Kerewan 1% 45% 18% 30% 6%
Kuntaur 3% 28% 11% 32% 27%
Janjanbureh 30% 16% 5% 27% 23%
Basse 1% 19% 13% 45% 22%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very familiar Somewhat familiar Somewhat unfamiliar Very unfamiliar Don’t know/Refused
18 You may have heard about efforts underway to change the constitution. How familiar or unfamiliar are you with this issue?
All Respondents 30% 29% 10% 21% 10%
Age Groups
18-29 21% 28% 7% 31% 13%
30-35 23% 30% 12% 20% 15%
36-55 42% 28% 10% 16% 5%
56 and older 32% 29% 16% 15% 8%
Sex
Male 36% 29% 10% 19% 7%
Female 25% 28% 10% 24% 13%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very familiar Somewhat familiar Somewhat unfamiliar Very unfamiliar Don’t know/Refused
19 You may have heard about efforts underway to change the constitution. How familiar or unfamiliar are you with this issue?
All Respondents 30% 29% 10% 21% 10% Urbanicity Urban 22% 29% 9% 27% 12%
Rural 40% 28% 11% 14% 7% LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 17% 33% 10% 30% 10%
Brikama 34% 27% 11% 19% 10%
Mansakonko 31% 15% 10% 33% 11%
Kerewan 51% 17% 12% 15% 5%
Kuntaur 40% 36% 10% 8% 7%
Janjanbureh 20% 38% 8% 14% 20%
Basse 23% 36% 7% 26% 9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very familiar Somewhat familiar Somewhat unfamiliar Very unfamiliar Don’t know/Refused
20 Do you think The Gambia needs a new constitution?
9%
5%
15%
72%
Yes, it is a priority Yes, but it is not a priority No Don’t know/Refused
21 Is the 1997 constitution still relevant or no longer relevant for The Gambia?
All Respondents 15% 34% 13% 26% 12%
Age Groups
18-29 19% 36% 9% 25% 11%
30-35 13% 29% 13% 29% 15%
36-55 14% 33% 16% 26% 10%
56 and older 7% 34% 16% 27% 15%
Sex
Male 17% 42% 12% 22% 7%
Female 13% 26% 14% 30% 17%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very relevant Somewhat relevant Somewhat not relevant Very not relevant Don’t know/Refused
22 Is the 1997 constitution still relevant or no longer relevant for The Gambia?
All Respondents 15% 34% 13% 26% 12%
LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 11% 42% 11% 22% 14%
Brikama 20% 32% 14% 23% 11%
Mansakonko 20% 19% 14% 41% 6%
Kerewan 7% 42% 19% 23% 9%
Kuntaur 8% 31% 18% 32% 11%
Janjanbureh 9% 19% 9% 47% 16%
Basse 12% 28% 12% 32% 15%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very relevant Somewhat relevant Somewhat not relevant Very not relevant Don’t know/Refused
23 What is the most important reason for replacing the 1997 constitution? (Spontaneous response; among those who say that the 1997 constitution is not relevant; n = 466)
Repressive laws on fundamental rights and 36% Is the 1997 constitution freedoms still relevant or no longer relevant for The Gambia? It is Jammeh’s constitution 27% Relevant Not relevant Stop abuse of authority by political leaders 8% Don't know/Refused
12% Imposition of death penalty 5%
48% Does not have term limits for the president 4% 40% Limit powers of the president 3%
Balance powers between president, national assembly and judiciary <1%
None, the constitution should not be replaced 1%
Other 5%
Don’t know/Refused 11%
0% 20% 40%
24 What is the most important reason for replacing the 1997 constitution? (Spontaneous responses from those say that the 1997 constitution is not relevant)
Repressive laws on fundamental 36% 32% rights and freedoms 38% Is the 1997 constitution 27% still relevant or no longer It is Jammeh’s constitution 32% relevant for The Gambia? 24% Relevant Stop abuse of authority by political 8% Not relevant 11% leaders Don't know/Refused 5% 5% 12% Imposition of death penalty 2% 8% 48% Does not have term limits for the 4% 5% president 3% 40% 3% Limit powers of the president 4% 3% Balance powers between president, <1% <1% national assembly and judiciary <1% None, the constitution should not 1% <1% be replaced 1% 5% Other 6% 4% 11% Don’t know/Refused 7% 13% 0% 20% 40% All respondents Male Female (n=466) (n=191) (n=275) 25 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia? It should include a requirement that women, youth and persons with disabilities make up a certain percentage of 89% 6% 1% 2% 1% those working as public officials It should introduce a right of access to information law that allows citizens to request information from the government, 82% 8% 2% 2% 5% as long as this does not harm the security of the country It should include a limit - two periods of five years - for how long an individual can serve as president 82% 6%3%6% 4%
It should state that nominees for positions in the executive and statutory bodies must be vetted by the National Assembly 72% 9% 3% 8% 8%
It should introduce an age limit requirement for president 4% and vice president 72% 9% 5% 10%
It should establish that The Gambia is a secular state, meaning that the government is neutral in matters of religion 73% 6% 5% 13% 3%
It should include a requirement that political parties need to explain who gave them their funding 68% 7% 8% 8% 9%
It should establish that a candidate should receive at least 50 percent of votes to be elected president 64% 8% 7% 17% 5%
It should preclude the president from nominating individuals for the National Assembly 57% 10% 8% 13% 12%
It should ban the practice of FGM [female genital mutilation] 30% 7% 10% 47% 7%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
26 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should include a requirement that women, youth and persons with disabilities make up a certain percentage of those working as public officials.”
All Respondents 89% 6%1% 2%1% Age Groups 18-29 88% 7% 2%2% 2% 30-35 89% 7% 2%1% 1% 36-55 91% 6% <1%1%2% 56 and older 91% 6% 1% 1% 1% Sex Male 89% 7% 1% 1% 1% Female 90% 6% 1%2% 2% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 80% 14% 2%3% <1% Brikama 93% 3% <1%2%2% Mansakonko 89% 9% 2% Kerewan 89% 8% 1% 2% Kuntaur 92% 2% 6% Janjanbureh 91% 7% 1% 1% Basse 93% 5%<1%1%1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused 27 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should introduce a right of access to information law that allows citizens to request information from the government, as long as this does not harm the security of the country.”
All Respondents 82% 8% 2%2% 5% Age Groups 18-29 84% 9% 2% 2% 4% 30-35 81% 10% <1%2% 7% 36-55 83% 7% 2%3% 5% 56 and older 79% 10% 3% 1% 7% Sex Male 86% 8% 2%3% 2% Female 80% 9% 1%2% 8% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 78% 14% 2% 2% 4% Brikama 83% 5% 2% 2% 8% Mansakonko 82% 9% 2%3% 4% Kerewan 95% 2% 2% Kuntaur 91% 8% 1% Janjanbureh 93% 4% 2% 1% Basse 68% 20% 3% 6% 4% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
28 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should include a limit - two periods of five years - for how long an individual can serve as president.”
All Respondents 82% 6% 3% 6% 4% Age Groups 18-29 81% 5% 2% 8% 3% 30-35 82% 8% 3% 6% 2% 36-55 83% 4% 2% 5% 5% 56 and older 81% 7% 6% 2% 5% Sex Male 85% 5% 2% 6% 3% Female 79% 7% 4% 6% 4% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 83% 8% 1% 7% 1% Brikama 84% 3%2% 6% 5% Mansakonko 79% 8% 4% 4% 5% Kerewan 91% 4%4%<1% <1% Kuntaur 83% 5% 11% 1% Janjanbureh 68% 2%1% 21% 7% Basse 67% 19% 5% 2% 6%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
29 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should state that nominees for positions in the executive and statutory bodies must be vetted by the National Assembly.” All Respondents 72% 9% 3% 8% 8% Age Groups 18-29 70% 12% 2% 9% 7% 30-35 77% 9% 2% 6% 6% 36-55 73% 8% 4% 8% 7% 56 and older 69% 6% 4% 9% 11% Sex Male 75% 8% 3% 9% 4% Female 69% 10% 4% 7% 10% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 62% 13% 3% 7% 15% Brikama 74% 5% 4% 10% 7% Mansakonko 75% 10% 2% 7% 6% Kerewan 89% 6% 1% 4% Kuntaur 86% 10% 3% 1% Janjanbureh 65% 13% 1% 16% 4% Basse 65% 19% 9% 5% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
30 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should introduce an age limit requirement for president and vice president.”
All Respondents 72% 9% 5% 10% 4% Age Groups 18-29 78% 7% 4% 9% 3% 30-35 74% 7% 5% 8% 6% 36-55 71% 10% 6% 10% 3% 56 and older 59% 13% 8% 13% 7% Sex Male 73% 5% 7% 11% 4% Female 71% 12% 4% 9% 4% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 73% 9% 6% 10% 2% Brikama 72% 7% 4% 11% 5% Mansakonko 69% 13% 11% 3% 5% Kerewan 83% 7% 7%2% 2% Kuntaur 73% 8% 5% 14% 1% Janjanbureh 62% 11% 2% 17% 7% Basse 68% 14% 8% 7% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
31 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should establish that The Gambia is a secular state, meaning that the government is neutral in matters of religion.” All Respondents 73% 6% 5% 13% 3% Age Groups 18-29 71% 7% 2% 16% 3% 30-35 77% 7% 8% 6% 3% 36-55 72% 5% 9% 11% 3% 56 and older 75% 3%3% 16% 3% Sex Male 74% 5% 6% 12% 2% Female 72% 7% 5% 13% 4% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 80% 7% 3% 8% 2% Brikama 70% 3% 8% 15% 4% Mansakonko 59% 15% 6% 14% 6% Kerewan 94% 2% 3%1% <1% Kuntaur 90% 4% 1% 4% 2% Janjanbureh 63% 6% 2% 26% 2% Basse 51% 19% 5% 23% 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused 32 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should include a requirement that political parties need to explain who gave them their funding.”
All Respondents 68% 7% 8% 8% 9% Age Groups 18-29 73% 6% 7% 7% 7% 30-35 73% 6% 5% 9% 8% 36-55 69% 7% 11% 7% 6% 56 and older 50% 14% 3% 13% 21% Sex Male 71% 6% 8% 9% 6% Female 66% 9% 7% 7% 11% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 74% 7% 5% 9% 5% Brikama 64% 5% 11% 10% 10% Mansakonko 57% 11% 2% 11% 19% Kerewan 80% 12% 4%2% 3% Kuntaur 79% 11% 4% 6% Janjanbureh 62% 7% 3% 10% 18% Basse 68% 18% 5% 5% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
33 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should establish that a candidate should receive at least 50 percent of votes to be elected president.” All Respondents 64% 8% 7% 17% 5% Age Groups 18-29 68% 8% 5% 13% 5% 30-35 65% 7% 5% 18% 5% 36-55 61% 7% 3% 23% 5% 56 and older 56% 8% 19% 12% 5% Sex Male 65% 7% 7% 18% 3% Female 62% 9% 7% 16% 7% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 72% 13% 4% 6% 5% Brikama 57% 3% 8% 28% 4% Mansakonko 58% 6% 6% 20% 10% Kerewan 81% 5% 3%5% 6% Kuntaur 65% 15% 4% 7% 9% Janjanbureh 70% 8% 12% 6% 4% Basse 55% 18% 6% 11% 10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
34 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should preclude the president from nominating individuals for the National Assembly.”
All Respondents 57% 10% 8% 13% 12% Age Groups 18-29 56% 12% 9% 14% 9% 30-35 56% 7% 15% 13% 9% 36-55 61% 8% 5% 13% 12% 56 and older 53% 13% 4% 10% 20% Sex Male 60% 8% 10% 13% 9% Female 55% 12% 6% 13% 14% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 47% 16% 9% 15% 14% Brikama 57% 8% 9% 14% 12% Mansakonko 63% 8% 4% 17% 7% Kerewan 86% 3% 1% 1% 8% Kuntaur 74% 7% 9% 6% 5% Janjanbureh 52% 9% 3% 21% 16% Basse 50% 19% 9% 14% 9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
35 Do you agree or disagree with each of the following statements about the draft constitution for The Gambia?
“It should ban the practice of FGM [female genital mutilation].” All Respondents 30% 7% 10% 47% 7% Age Groups 18-29 36% 5% 9% 44% 5% 30-35 38% 3% 6% 46% 8% 36-55 22% 11% 9% 51% 7% 56 and older 29% 5% 15% 43% 8% Sex Male 24% 9% 10% 48% 9% Female 36% 5% 9% 46% 4% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 41% 7% 8% 37% 8% Brikama 25% 5% 10% 53% 7% Mansakonko 19% 9% 5% 65% 2% Kerewan 37% 17% 9% 29% 7% Kuntaur 45% 11% 9% 32% 3% Janjanbureh 25% 2% 5% 61% 6% Basse 25% 4% 18% 45% 7%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
36 How would you rate the performance of the Constitutional Review Commission in the developing of the draft constitution for The Gambia?
All Respondents 42% 18% 2%1% 37% Age Groups 18-29 43% 20% 1%1% 35%
30-35 40% 20% 1%1% 37%
36-55 47% 16% 3%<1% 33%
56 and older 32% 14% 1%1% 52% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 45% 24% 2% <1% 28%
Brikama 48% 11% 2%2% 37%
Mansakonko 40% 12% 1% 2% 45%
Kerewan 25% 48% 3% 1% 23%
Kuntaur 37% 21% <1% 42% Janjanbureh 29% 4%1% 67%
Basse 36% 17% 2% 45%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don’t know/Refused 37 Did you participate in the Constitutional Review Commission consultations?
All Respondents 14% 77% 9% Age Groups 18-29 15% 77% 7% 30-35 15% 73% 13% 36-55 15% 77% 8% 56 and older 7% 86% 7% Sex Male 18% 75% 7% Female 10% 80% 10% Urbanicity Urban 12% 78% 10% Rural 17% 77% 6% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 12% 77% 11% Brikama 17% 77% 6% Mansakonko 15% 74% 11% Kerewan 10% 89% 1% Kuntaur 21% 73% 6% Janjanbureh 6% 75% 19% Basse 8% 75% 17% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No Don’t know/Refused 38 How did you participate in the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC) consultations? (Spontaneous response; among those who participated in the CRC consultations, n=164; multiple responses permitted, figure displays Named responses only)
Did you participate in the Attended public hearings/consultations in the Constitutional Review regions 65% Commission (CRC) consultations? Attended consultations at national level 27%
Yes Submitted memoranda 23% No Don't know/Refused Attended meeting 17% Participated in the CSO or political party meeting to 10% 9% 14% prepare memoranda for submission to CRC Attended the diaspora consultations 6%
Bantaba meeting 5%
77% Community consultation 5%
"They interviewed me" 4%
Village/District meetings 4%
Public consultation 3%
Other 17%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
39 How satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the Constitutional Review Commission’s consultations and engagement of citizens for the draft constitution of The Gambia? (Among those who participated, n=164)
9% 1% 9%
20% 62%
Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied Somewhat dissatisfied Don’t know Refused
40 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions and commissions that will handle the draft constitution?
National Assembly 53% 19% 6% 5% 16%
Independent Electoral Commission 54% 17% 6% 8% 15%
Constitutional Review Commission 43% 23% 4%3% 27%
President 44% 22% 10% 11% 14%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don’t know/Refused
41 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions and commissions that will handle the draft constitution?
National Assembly All Respondents 53% 19% 6% 5% 16% Age Groups 18-29 50% 21% 9% 7% 14%
30-35 44% 20% 8% 9% 19%
36-55 61% 16% 4% 3% 16%
56 and older 54% 22% 3% 4% 18% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 26% 34% 14% 11% 15%
Brikama 67% 13% 4% 5% 12%
Mansakonko 40% 25% 9% 6% 20%
Kerewan 58% 22% 2%1% 17%
Kuntaur 57% 16% 13% 5% 9%
Janjanbureh 63% 3%1%2% 32%
Basse 42% 21% 1% 1% 34%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don’t know/Refused
42 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions and commissions that will handle the draft constitution?
Independent Electoral Commission All Respondents 54% 17% 6% 8% 15% Age Groups 18-29 53% 17% 7% 10% 13%
30-35 46% 16% 9% 13% 16%
36-55 64% 14% 4% 3% 15%
56 and older 47% 24% 7% 7% 16% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 33% 28% 11% 14% 13%
Brikama 63% 14% 7% 8% 9%
Mansakonko 65% 6% 4% 3% 22%
Kerewan 54% 24% 3%1% 17%
Kuntaur 74% 5% 5% 6% 9%
Janjanbureh 54% 3% 1% 3% 39%
Basse 50% 14% 1% 35%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don’t know/Refused 43 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions and commissions that will handle the draft constitution?
Constitutional Review Commission
All Respondents 43% 23% 4% 3% 27% Age Groups 18-29 42% 24% 7% 3% 24%
30-35 40% 19% 4% 6% 32% 36-55 49% 21% 2% <1% 24%
56 and older 35% 27% 1%1% 36% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 36% 31% 5% <1% 23%
Brikama 51% 17% 5% 4% 23%
Mansakonko 46% 17% 8% 2% 28%
Kerewan 31% 46% <1% <1% 22%
Kuntaur 48% 16% 5% 30%
Janjanbureh 34% 9% 1% 2% 55%
Basse 30% 22% 2% 45%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don’t know/Refused 44 To what extent do you trust or distrust each of the following institutions and commissions that will handle the draft constitution?
President All Respondents 44% 22% 10% 11% 14% Age Groups 18-29 45% 23% 11% 9% 11%
30-35 36% 20% 9% 19% 15%
36-55 46% 20% 9% 10% 16%
56 and older 43% 29% 7% 7% 14% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 34% 30% 9% 13% 14%
Brikama 49% 19% 12% 12% 8%
Mansakonko 48% 17% 7% 7% 22%
Kerewan 37% 28% 15% 9% 11%
Kuntaur 43% 27% 3% 20% 8%
Janjanbureh 51% 13% 2%2% 32%
Basse 41% 16% 3% 4% 35%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Trust a great deal Somewhat trust Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Don’t Know/Refused
45 How satisfied or dissatisfied are you with the draft constitution†?
27%
46%
22%
2% 2%
Very satisfied Somewhat satisfied Somewhat dissatisfied Very dissatisfied Don’t know/Refused
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 46 Do you think that the draft constitution† has addressed the following issues adequately or not, or do you not know enough about this issue in the draft constitution†?
Term limits for position of the presidency 44% 4% 14% 38%
Fundamental rights and freedoms 41% 2% 18% 38%
Representation of persons with disabilities in decision- 40% 2% 20% 39% making
Age limit for elected officials 40% 6% 15% 40%
Representation of women in decision-making 39% 2% 20% 39%
Political leaders' accountability to the citizens 38% 4% 19% 39%
Appointment of ministers and other persons to hold 34% 6% 21% 39% executive positions
Citizenship 33% 8% 18% 41%
Balanced powers between the National Assembly and 31% 4% 23% 41% president
Balanced powers between the judiciary and president 30% 3% 23% 43%
Misuse of power by president 27% 9% 22% 42%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Yes, adequately No, not adequately Do not know enough about this issue Don’t know/Refused
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 47 Do you think that the draft constitution† has addressed the following aspects of fundamental rights and freedoms adequately or not, or do you not know enough about these aspects in the draft constitution†?
Rights of persons with disabilities 46% 2% 17% 35%
Rights of women 46% 2% 15% 37%
Freedom of assembly and freedom of speech 43% 4% 17% 36%
Protection against discrimination 42% 2% 19% 37%
Protection of individual citizens' property 42% 2% 18% 37%
Guarantees freedom of speech and expression, which 40% 5% 18% 37% shall include assembly, freedom of the press and…
Right to marry* 37% 11% 15% 37%
Death penalty as a punishment 27% 16% 18% 39%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Yes, adequately No, not adequately Do not know enough about this issue Don’t know/Refused *The right to marry here means the right to enter into marriage freely and where both parties consent, referring to a provision to prevent underage child marriages.
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 48 How would you rate the issue of ‘election of National Assembly members’ as provided in the draft constitution?†
All Respondents 24% 7% 4% 1% 26% 37%
Age Groups
18-29 23% 8% 3% 1% 32% 33%
30-35 18% 9% 2% 4% 22% 44%
36-55 31% 7% 3% <1% 26% 33%
56 and older 17% 6% 9% 2% 19% 47%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Do not know enough about this issue Don’t know/Refused
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 49 What are the top reasons for your rating? (Spontaneous response; among those who rated the issue of ’election of National Assembly members’ † as Good, n=370; up to two responses permitted)
How would you rate the issue of ’election of National Term of office for a National Assembly member 34% 13% Assembly members’ as Citizenship requirements for a National Assembly provided in the draft member 19% 11% constitution? † Educational requirements for a National Assembly member 9% 11% Very/somewhat good Removal of a National Assembly member from office 7% 11% Very/somewhat bad Percentage of the vote required to be successfully 5% 4% Do not know enough about voted in as National Assembly member this issue Age requirements for National Assembly members 5% 16% Don't know/Refused Nomination of National Assembly members by president 5%2% Nomination of National Assembly members by 1% 2% 31% political parties 37% Other 4% 2%
No second response 14% 26% 5% Don’t know/Refused 12% 14%
0% 20% 40% 60%
First reason Second reason
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 50 What are the top reasons for your rating? (Spontaneous response; among those who rated the issue of ’election of National Assembly members’ † as Bad, n=60; up to two responses permitted)
How would you rate the issue Citizenship requirements for a national assembly of ‘election of National 39% 15% Assembly members’ as member provided in the draft Term of office for a national assembly member 20% 1% constitution? † Very/somewhat good Nomination of national assembly members by president 6% 1% Very/somewhat bad Educational requirements for a national assembly member 4% 39% Do not know enough about this Percentage of the vote required to be successfully issue voted in as national assembly member 4% Don’t know/Refused Age requirements for national assembly members 3% 3% Removal of a national assembly member from office 3% 7% Nomination of national assembly members by political parties 2% 2% 37% 31% Other 6% 1%
No second response 13% 26% 5% Don’t know/Refused 13% 18%
0% 20% 40% 60%
First Second
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 51 How would you rate the issue of ‘election of the president’ as provided in the draft constitution?†
All Respondents 27% 6% 2% 1% 28% 37%
Age Groups
18-29 23% 9% 1% 1% 32% 34%
30-35 26% 3%1%1% 25% 45%
36-55 35% 4% 3% 1% 25% 32%
56 and older 16% 4% 5% 1% 26% 48%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Do not know enough about this issue Don’t know/Refused
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 52 What are the top reasons for your rating? (Spontaneous response; among those who rated the issue of ‘election of the President’ † as Good, n=379; up to two responses permitted)
How would you rate the issue of ’election of the President’ Age requirements for president 24% 14% as provided in the draft constitution? † Citizenship requirements for the president 20% 16% Very/somewhat good Removal of the president from office 15% 6% Very/somewhat bad Percentage of the vote required to be Do not know enough about this 15% 8% issue successfully voted in as president Don’t know/Refused Educational requirements for the president 13% 15%
Term of office of the president 23%
32% Other 5% 2% 37%
No second response 7%
3% 28% Don’t know/Refused 7% 9%
0% 20% 40% 60%
First reason Second reason
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 53 What are the top reasons for your rating? (Spontaneous response; among those who rated the issue of ‘election of the † President’ as Bad, n=33; up to two responses permitted)⚠
How would you rate the issue of ’election of the President’ Removal of the president from office 21% 11% as provided in the draft † constitution? Percentage of the vote required to be 21% 3% successfully voted in as president Very/somewhat good Age requirements for president 17% 1% Very/somewhat bad
Do not know enough about this Citizenship requirements for the president 7% 43% issue Don’t know/Refused Educational requirements for the president 6% 5%
Term of office of the president 10%
Other 10% 37% 32%
No second response 18%
28% Don’t know/Refused 18% 10% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% Due to small sample size n, results for respondents who rated the issue of ’the election of the President’ as bad should be treated with caution. First reason Second reason
†The initial draft constitution released by the CRC on November 15, 2019. 54 If the new constitution limits the president to serving two terms of five years each, should President Barrow be allowed to serve for two additional terms if elected, or should his current term count as the first of the two possible terms?
10%
24%
66%
Two more terms Current term should count as first term Don’t know/Refused
55 How likely or unlikely are you to vote in the referendum on the new constitution?
All Respondents 64% 10% 3% 10% 13% Age Groups 18-29 56% 12% 3% 15% 14% 30-35 63% 12% 2% 7% 16% 36-55 72% 9% 3% 7% 10% 56 and older 67% 6% 3% 11% 13% Sex Male 67% 10% 3% 10% 11% Female 62% 10% 3% 11% 14% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 38% 16% 6% 14% 26% Brikama 68% 10% 2% 11% 9% Mansakonko 63% 7% 3% 17% 11% Kerewan 86% 4% 1% 3% 6% Kuntaur 91% 4% 5% Janjanbureh 81% 5% 2% 4% 9% Basse 70% 6% 4% 10% 10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very likely Somewhat likely Somewhat unlikely Very unlikely Don’t know/Refused
56 What is the primary reason you are unlikely to vote in the referendum on the new constitution? (Spontaneous response, among those who are unlikely to vote, n=156)
How likely or unlikely are I do not have a voter's card 39% you to vote in the referendum on the new Lack of interest 17% constitution? My vote does not matter 6%
Lack of time Very/somewhat likely 5% Very/somewhat unlikely I will be out of the country 3% Don’t know/Refused If the president makes any changes to the draft constitution submitted by the CRC 3% Not satisfied with the process followed to draft 13% the new constitution <1% 13% Constitution does not meet my expectations 2%
74% Not satisfied with constitution 2% If the national assembly makes any changes to the draft constitution submitted by the CRC 1%
Other 5%
Don’t know/Refused 14%
0% 20% 40% 60% *Other responses included: • “Don’t know much about it,” 4% 57 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE: Unlikely voters who lack a Voter ID Card
(Among those who are unlikely to vote and say this is because they do not have a voter ID Card, n=61) To what extent do you trust or Male 38%
Female 62% distrust each of the following Gender 18-29 62% institutions and commissions 26% 30-35 9% that will handle the draft 44%
Age 36-55 12% constitution? 56 and older 17% 13% Primary or less 58% Independent Electoral Lower Secondary 10% Commission 16% Upper Secondary 26% 1% Vocational 2% Trust a great deal Somewhat trust
Education Diploma Somewhat distrust Distrust a great deal Higher 5% Don’t know/Refused Don’t know/Refused Employed, full time 18% Banjul Employed, part time 2% Kanifing 32% Self-employed, full time 11%
Self-employed, part time 21% Brikama 50% Unemployed, looking for a job 4% Unemployed, not looking for a job 9% Mansakonko 5% Homemaker 8% Occupation Kerewan 1% Retired 1% Student/pupil 22% Kuntaur Other 4% Don’t know/Refused (LGA) Area Government Local Janjanbureh 2% Barely Subsistence 15% Basse 10% Subsistence 64% Adequate 20% Urban 66% More than Adequate 2% Don’t know/Refused Rural 34% <1% Urbanicity Economic Situation Economic 58 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Which of the following issues in the new constitution, if any, will most compel you to vote in the referendum?
Term limit for position of the presidency 32% 14% 11% 57%
Fundamental rights and freedoms 18% 19% 12% 49%
Equal and separate power between the executive government, 6% 8% 8% National Assembly and courts
Election threshold, such as requiring an absolute majority to win 3%4% 2% a presidential election
Nomination / appointments of National Assembly members, 1%3% 3% judges, chiefs and alkalos* by the president
Corruption, including anti-corruption commission and code of 4% 8% 10% conduct for public officials
Interest group representation and participation in decision making 4% 7% 8% for women, youth, persons with disabilities and ethnic minorities
None of these 10% 9% 12%
No additional response 28% 35%
Don’t know/Refused 23%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Most important Second most important Third most important
*Alkalos are village elders. Districts composed of villages governed by alkalos are overseen by seyfos or chiefs. 59 Let us talk for a moment about the appointment of alkalos* and chiefs in The Gambia. Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
2% 17% 16%
64%
The alkalos and chiefs should be appointed by the president or a designated authority The position of alkalo and chief should be hereditary Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused
*Alkalos are village elders. Districts composed of villages governed by alkalos are overseen by seyfos or chiefs. 60 Let us talk for a moment about Gambian citizenship. Do you agree or disagree that children born in the country of two non-Gambian parents should be given Gambian citizenship?*
1% 10% 3% 6%
81%
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don’t know/Refused
*Under the 1997 constitution, Gambian citizenship is passed down through descent by blood (jus sanguinis). Therefore, children born in the country of two non-Gambian parents do not currently receive citizenship. 61 Let us talk for a moment about the office of the vice president*. Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
All Respondents 40% 51% 2% 7% Age Groups 18-29 42% 50% 2% 6%
30-35 49% 43% <1% 7%
36-55 39% 56% 1% 4%
56 and older 27% 53% 3% 17% Sex Male 33% 61% 1% 5%
Female 47% 43% 2% 9%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
The vice president should be elected together with the president on one ticket The vice president should be appointed by the president Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused
*Under the 1997 constitution the president appoints both the vice-president and the cabinet. 62 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
2% 5%
35%
58%
Government should be able to monitor private communications, for example on mobile phones, to make sure that people are not plotting violence People should have the right to communicate in private without a government agency reading or listening to what they are saying Agree with neither
Don’t know/Refused 63 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
2% 3%
25%
70%
Freedom of religion and worship are absolute, meaning that government should never limit what is said in a place of worship Government should have the power to regulate what is said in places of worship, especially if preachers or congregants threaten public security Agree with neither
Don’t know/Refused
64 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
5% 1% 17%
38%
40%
Our country should be governed only by religious law Our country should be governed only by civil law Our country should be governed by both civil and religious law Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused 65 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
All Respondents 17% 40% 38% 1% 5% Age Groups 18-29 20% 33% 43% 1% 4%
30-35 21% 41% 33% 2% 4%
36-55 15% 42% 38% <1% 5%
56 and older 7% 51% 32% 1% 9% Language most spoken at home Wolof (n=262) 16% 41% 38% 1% 4%
Fula (n=181) 16% 37% 40% 2% 6%
Mandinka (n=475) 16% 47% 32% <1% 6%
Jola (n=115) 23% 29% 46% 1% 1%
Serahuli (n=59) 29% 28% 40% 3%
Other (n=86) 13% 28% 56% 1% 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Our country should be governed only by religious law Our country should be governed only by civil law Our country should be governed by both civil and religious law Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused 66 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
All Respondents 17% 40% 38% 1% 5%
LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 16% 41% 38% 1% 3%
Brikama 16% 37% 40% 1% 6%
Mansakonko 27% 44% 19% 3% 6%
Kerewan 13% 35% 50% <1% 2%
Kuntaur 9% 50% 39% 2%
Janjanbureh 15% 52% 25% 1% 6%
Basse 28% 38% 32% 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Our country should be governed only by religious law Our country should be governed only by civil law Our country should be governed by both civil and religious law Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused 67 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
9% 3%
30% 58%
Provincial governors should be elected by voters in the provinces. The president should continue to appoint provincial governors for all provinces. Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused 68 Which of the following statements is closest to your view?
All Respondents 58% 30% 3% 9%
LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 58% 28% 6% 9%
Brikama 63% 26% 2% 9%
Mansakonko 66% 29% 2% 3%
Kerewan 55% 37% 1% 8%
Kuntaur 51% 40% 9%
Janjanbureh 53% 33% 1% 13%
Basse 40% 45% 5% 10%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Provincial governors should be elected by voters in the provinces The president should continue to appoint provincial governors for all provinces Agree with neither Don’t know/Refused 69 Representation and Opportunities for Minority Groups How important or unimportant is it that all members of The Gambia’s adult population, are included in political decision making?
How important is it that [each of the following groups] are included?
Young adults 96% 2%1%1% <1%
Women 93% 4%1%1% 1%
People with disabilities 93% 4%1%1% 1%
Ethnic minorities 94% 3% 1%1% 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant Don’t know/Refused
71 To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements about equal opportunities in The Gambia today?
Girls and boys have equal opportunities to get an 97% 2% 1% <1% <1% education
Women and men have equal opportunities to 93% 3% 2% 2% <1% earn an income
Women and men have equal opportunities to get 91% 4%1% 3% <1% a job that pays a wage or salary
Women and men have equal opportunities to 50% 7% 9% 34% 1% own and inherit land
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Very important Somewhat important Somewhat unimportant Very unimportant Don’t know/Refused
72 Political Party Affiliation Political Parties as of December 2019
Abbreviation Political Party Name
APRC Alliance for Patriotic Re-orientation and Construction
GDC Gambia Democratic Congress
NRP National Reconciliation Party
PDOIS People’s Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism PPP Peoples Progressive Party GPDP Gambia Party for Democracy and Progress NCP National Convention Party
GMC Gambia Moral Congress
UDP United Democratic Party
GAP Gambia Action Party
74 Do you feel close to any particular political party?
All Respondents 43% 55% 2%
Age Groups
18-29 37% 62% 1%
30-35 48% 50% 2%
36-55 47% 49% 3%
56 and older 39% 58% 3%
Sex
Male 44% 53% 3%
Female 41% 57% 1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No Don’t know/Refused
75 Do you feel close to any particular political party?
All Respondents 43% 55% 2%
LGAs
Banjul+Kanifing 30% 68% 2%
Brikama 46% 51% 4%
Mansakonko 43% 57%
Kerewan 44% 56% <1%
Kuntaur 49% 51%
Janjanbureh 52% 48%
Basse 50% 49% 1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No Don’t know/Refused
76 Which political party do you feel closest to? (Among those who feel close to a political party, n=675) (Spontaneous response)
UDP 27% Do you feel close to any particular political party? *Other: President Barrow 25%
PDOIS 14% Yes No APRC Don’t know/Refused 13%
2% GDC 8%
NRP 3%
43% GMC 1% 55% NCP 1%
PPP 1%
GPDP <1%
GAP <1%
Other 2%
Don’t know/Refused 4%
0% 20% 40% *Many respondents referenced “Barrow” or “President Barrow” when expressing an Other response. This is displayed separately as Other: President Barrow. 77 Communication and Media Use Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Radio
All Respondents 47% 17% 35% 1% Age Groups 18-29 35% 26% 39% 1% 30-35 46% 16% 35% 2% 36-55 56% 12% 32% 1% 56 and older 58% 11% 29% 1% Sex Male 59% 10% 30% 1% Female 37% 23% 39% 1% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 44% 18% 37% <1% Brikama 47% 15% 37% 1% Mansakonko 53% 21% 26% Kerewan 60% 19% 20% Kuntaur 43% 12% 45% Janjanbureh 45% 21% 26% 8% Basse 43% 25% 32%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
79 Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Television
All Respondents 32% 33% 34% 1% Age Groups 18-29 21% 50% 29% <1% 30-35 33% 28% 38% 1% 36-55 42% 23% 34% 1% 56 and older 32% 26% 41% 1% Sex Male 39% 28% 32% 1% Female 25% 38% 36% <1% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 34% 57% 9% Brikama 37% 29% 34% 1% Mansakonko 25% 13% 63% Kerewan 36% 30% 34% Kuntaur 14% 16% 70% Janjanbureh 26% 32% 38% 4% Basse 13% 18% 69%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
80 Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Computer
All Respondents 13% 5% 79% 3% Age Groups 18-29 18% 6% 74% 2% 30-35 13% 4% 78% 5% 36-55 11% 5% 82% 2% 56 and older 4% 5% 84% 7% Sex Male 18% 4% 75% 3% Female 8% 6% 82% 4% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 21% 7% 70% 2% Brikama 14% 7% 76% 4% Mansakonko 4% 92% 3% Kerewan 10% 2% 87% 2% Kuntaur 2% 95% 3% Janjanbureh 2% 6% 76% 16% Basse 4%1% 94%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
81 Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Mobile Phone
All Respondents 86% 3% 11% <1% Age Groups 18-29 86% 4% 10% 30-35 86% 1% 13% <1% 36-55 86% 3% 11% 1% 56 and older 88% 1% 10% 1% Sex Male 94% 1% 5% <1% Female 79% 4% 16% 1% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 95% 2%4% Brikama 83% 4% 13% 1% Mansakonko 82% 3% 15% Kerewan 87% 12% Kuntaur 87% 2% 9% 2% Janjanbureh 92% 3% 6% Basse 79% 3% 18%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
82 Do you own a smart phone that you use to access the internet, or applications such as Facebook and WhatsApp?
All Respondents 60% 39% 1% Age Groups 18-29 77% 23% <1%
30-35 63% 36% 1%
36-55 56% 43% 2%
56 and older 26% 73% <1% Sex Male 66% 34% 1%
Female 55% 44% 1% Urbanicity Urban 71% 27% 1%
Rural 45% 55%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No Don’t know/Refused
83 How often, if ever, do you use a mobile phone?
All Respondents 71% 6% 2%2%5% 13% 1%
Age Groups
18-29 76% 5%2%2%4% 9% <1%
30-35 68% 6%4%1% 4% 15% 2%
36-55 72% 4%1%2% 6% 13% 1%
56 and older 61% 13% 1%1% 2% 21% 1%
Sex
Male 75% 8%2% <1%3% 11% 1%
Female 68% 5%2%3% 6% 15% 1%
Urbanicity
Urban 80% 6%1%<1%4% 7% 2%
Rural 59% 6% 3%3% 6% 22% <1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Daily or almost daily Several times a week Weekly Monthly Less often Never Don’t know/Refused
84 How often, if ever, do you use the internet?
All Respondents 43% 10% 2%1% 9% 32% 1%
Age Groups
18-29 57% 12% 2% 1% 10% 17% <1%
30-35 45% 8% 2% 4% 8% 30% 2%
36-55 42% 11% 2%1% 9% 34% 1%
56 and older 11% 7% 2% 11% 68% 1%
Sex
Male 48% 12% 3%2% 9% 26% 1%
Female 39% 9% 2%1%10% 38% 2%
Urbanicity
Urban 57% 10% 3% 1% 10% 17% 2%
Rural 25% 10% 1% 2% 8% 52% 1%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Daily or almost daily Several times a week Weekly Monthly Less often Never Don’t know/Refused
85 In the past 7 days, have you used social media, for example WhatsApp or Facebook?
All Respondents 53% 46% 2% Age Groups 18-29 69% 30% 1%
30-35 53% 45% 2%
36-55 50% 49% 2%
56 and older 20% 78% 2% Sex Male 58% 40% 1%
Female 48% 50% 2%
Urbanicity Urban 64% 33% 3%
Rural 37% 62%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Yes No Don’t know/Refused
86 Which specific media outlets, such as a specific TV channel, radio station, newspaper, website, etc., do you consider most trustworthy? (Spontaneous response; up to two responses permitted)
QTV 31% 13% GRTS Radio 16% 21% QRadio 6% 5% Star FM 3% 5% Radio (general) 2% 5% TV (general) 3% 2% Paradise FM 1% 2% Capital FM 1% 2% Radio Gambia 2% 1% GRTS TV 2% 1% Taranga FM 1% 2% Forayaa 1%1% Afri Radio 1% 1% OTV 1% <1% West Coast FM 1% 1% BBC 1% 1% France 24 1% <1% Basse Radio 1%<1% Other 9% 9% No other media 30% I don't listen to/watch/read news 11% I have no access <1% Don’t know 2% 0% 20% 40% 60% First most trusted Second most trusted
*Responses receiving less than 2 percent overall are collapsed into Other. 87 Corruption Now I would like to discuss corruption with you. When I say corruption, I mean having to do a favor, give a gift or pay a bribe because someone misuses their position for personal gains. To what extent, if any, has corruption had a negative impact on you?
All Respondents 40% 8% 9% 32% <1% 12%
Economic Situation
Barely Subsistence 59% 4% 2% 24% <1% 10%
Subsistence 36% 7% 9% 38% <1% 9%
Adequate 21% 8% 19% 32% <1% 18%
More than Adequate 36% 22% 9% 28% 6%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
It has had a lot of negative impact It has had some negative impact It has had little negative impact It has not had any negative impact Other Don’t know/Refused
89 In the past 12 months, how often, if at all, have you had to do a favor, give a gift or pay a bribe?
All Respondents 1%1% 2%15% 78% 3%
Economic Situation
Barely Subsistence 1% <1%4% 14% 78% 2%
Subsistence <1%1%2%14% 81% 2%
Adequate <1%<1%1%16% 79% 3%
More than Adequate 1% 4% 4% 19% 70% 2%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Daily Weekly Monthly Less frequently Not at all Don’t know/Refused
90 Demographics Demographics
60% 57% 53% 50% 47% 46% 43% 40% 40% 34% 34%
30% 22% 22% 20% 18% 14% 15% 10% 7% 9% 8% 10% 6% 5% 4% 5% <1% 1%
0%
Jola
Fula
Male
Rural
Basse
Wolof
Other
18-29 30-35 36-55
Urban
Banjul
Female
Kuntaur
Brikama
Kanifing
Serahuli
Kerewan
Mandinka
Mansakonko
Janjanbureh
56 and 56 older Don’t know/Refused Don’t Sex Age Language Urbanicity Local Government Area (Spoken most at home)
92 Demographics 70% 59% 60%
50% 46% 39% 40% 33% 30% 30% 25% 24% 21% 20% 17% 17% 11% 13% 9% 10% 6% 6% 7% 7% 8% 7% 3% 4% 3% 2% <1% 2% 2% <1% 1%
0%
None
State
Other Other
Higher
Private
Retired
Diploma
Adequate
Vocational
Subsistence
Homemaker
Student/pupil
Primary or less or Primary
Upper Secondary Upper
Lower Secondary Lower
Barely Subsistence Barely
Employed, full-time Employed,
Don't know/Refused Don't know/Refused Don't
Don’t know/Refused Don’t
More than Adequate than More
Employed, part-time Employed,
Self-employed, full-time Self-employed,
Self-employed, part-time Self-employed,
Unemployed, looking for a job a for looking Unemployed,
Non-governmental Organization Non-governmental Unemployed, not looking for a job a for looking not Unemployed, Occupational Employment Educational Economic Status Sector* Attainment Situation**
*Employment Sector is among those who are employed full-time or employed part-time (n=269). **Economic Situation is based on the question “Please tell us which answer best describes your current economic situation.” • Barely Subsistence = “I have trouble feeding myself and my family and buying even the most essential things for survival.” • Subsistence = “I have enough means for survival, but I do not have enough money for extra things.” • Adequate = “I am able to afford a few new extra things.” • More than Adequate = “I am able to afford most things I want.” 93 Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Bank Account
All Respondents 36% 5% 56% 3% Age Groups 18-29 29% 7% 61% 3% 30-35 44% 3% 51% 2% 36-55 44% 3% 52% 2% 56 and older 27% 6% 64% 3% Sex Male 41% 3% 54% 3% Female 32% 7% 59% 2% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 46% 5% 46% 2% Brikama 39% 5% 54% 2% Mansakonko 19% 8% 73% Kerewan 41% 6% 52% <1% Kuntaur 17% 3% 77% 3% Janjanbureh 26% 2% 60% 12% Basse 17% 2% 78% 3%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
94 Which of these things do either you or someone in your household own?
Motor Vehicle or Motorcycle
All Respondents 16% 15% 68% 1% Age Groups 18-29 10% 24% 65% 1% 30-35 19% 13% 67% 1% 36-55 20% 10% 69% 1% 56 and older 16% 10% 72% 1% Sex Male 28% 8% 63% 1% Female 5% 22% 72% 1% LGAs Banjul+Kanifing 14% 17% 67% 1% Brikama 15% 12% 72% 1% Mansakonko 20% 19% 62% Kerewan 19% 16% 66% Kuntaur 9% 9% 82% Janjanbureh 24% 13% 60% 2% Basse 19% 34% 47%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Personally own Household owns Not owned Don’t know/Refused
95 Demographics
100% 94% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 32% 30% 19% 20% 15% 14% 10% 6% 6% 6% 5% 1% 1% 1% 2% <1%
0%
Jola
Serer
Wolof
Other
Muslim
Manjago
Jahanka
Bambara
Christian
Mandinka
Serahuleh
Don'tknow/Refused
Creole or Aku Marabout or Creole Fula, Tukulor, or Lorobo Tukulor, or Fula, Religion Ethnicity
96