DOCSLIB.ORG

Study of Chemical and Biological Aspects of Valeriana Wallichii DC

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Study of Chemical and Biological Aspects of Valeriana Wallichii DC Asian Journal of Chemistry; Vol. 24, No. 7 (2012), 3243-3246 Study of Chemical and Biological Aspects of Valeriana wallichii DC. Root Essential Oil * ZAHIDA PARVEEN , SAIMA SIDDIQUE, MUAFIA SHAFIQUE, SHAISTA JABEEN KHAN and RAZIA KHANUM PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Ferozpur Road, Lahore-54600, Pakistan *Corresponding author: Fax: +92 42 99230705; Tel: +92 42 99230688-95 Ext: 318; E-mail: [email protected] (Received: 15 September 2011; Accepted: 24 February 2012) AJC-11113 The essential oil of Valeriana wallichii DC. root, which is an indigenous plant was extracted by hydro distillation. Chemical composition of the oil by GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of seven new components i.e. isoaromadendrene epoxide (3.435 %), isocaryophyllene (1.919 %), epiglobulol (1.692 %), longifolene-[V4] (1.618 %), panasinene (1.452 %), lognifolenaldehyde (0.875 %) and butanoic acid, 3-methyl-, 3-methylebutylster (0.840 %). Patchouli alcohol (16.425 %) was found to be the major component among ten identified components of the essential oil. Antibacterial activity and antioxidant activity of the said essential oil was investigated for the first time. The antibacterial potential of the essential oil of V. wallichii was determined by paper disc diffusion method, against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Essential oil without any dilution was found to be more effective against all test microbes as compared to the standard antibiotics i.e. streptomycin and penicillin G. used as positive controls. DPPH scavenging effect was 96.47 % for essential oil of V. wallichii. Antioxidant activity of the oil was 11.27 % higher than BHT used as control. Key Words: Valeriana wallichii, Valerianaceae, Essential oil, Gas chromatography, Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Patchouli alcohol. INTRODUCTION reported to be between 0.2 and 0.7 %1. They are used in perfumes, cosmetics, soap and other products, for flavouring Valeriana wallichii DC (Asian specie) belongs to family food and drink and for scenting incense and household Valerianaceae, has about 200 perennial herb and small shrub cleaning products5,7. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity species throughout the world, is chiefly found in the temperate of essential oils have great medicinal as well as food value. Himalaya and cold regions of the northern hemisphere. Other Increase in the emergence of new bacterial strains that commonly used specie of genus valeriana include V. officinalis are multi-resistant, coupled with the non-availability and high 1 from Eastern Europe and V. edulis from Americas . V. wallichii cost of new generation antibiotics have resulted in increase is an indigenous plant from Indian subcontinent used since long morbidity and mortality8. Hence, there is need to look for potent 2 in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine . Valeriana antimicrobial and antioxidant agents from other sources. So, wallichii DC is a small perennial herb of 14-45 cm height, with investigations of the antimicrobial activities, mode of action root stock, thick branching stem, sharply pointed leaves, white and potential uses of plant essential oils have regained or pink flowers in clusters and hairy fruit. It occurs in Kashmir, momentum. Studies showed that most of the essential oils 3,4 Muree hills, Punjab and Northern areas of Pakistan . Valerian showed significant antimicrobial activity7. Literature indicates is widely used as a mild sedative and sleep aid for insomnia, that studies on V. wallichii are scarcely found. Recently, excitability and exhaustion. Other medicinal uses include essential oil of V. wallichii is reported to show the antifungal9 diuretic, carminative antispasmodic, anticonstipation, anti- and nematocidal activity10. However, its antibacterial and 5 scorpion poison and to improve blood circulation . antioxidant activities are not yet reported. Essential oils and extracts obtained from plants have recently The aim of present study is to determine the chemical gained a great popularity and scientific interest because of their composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of relatively safe status, wide acceptance by consumers and exploi- essential oils from V. wallichii an indigenous Indian subconti- 6 tation for potential multi-purpose functional use . Essential oils nent plant specie. are concentrated, hydrophobic liquids containing volatile aroma compounds from plants. Various essential oils have been used EXPERIMENTAL medicinally at different periods in history. Valerian oil is obtained Extraction of essential oil: The V. wallichii roots were by steam distillation of the dried, ground roots and yield is collected from the local market. They were cleaned from 3244 Parveen et al. Asian J. Chem. extraneous matter. The essential oil was extracted through to examine the antioxidant activity of V. wallichii oil. The hydro-distillation by reverse Dean Stark assembly11. The steam scavenging effect on DPPH radical was determined by distillate was removed, dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate modifying the previous methods15. Briefly, 0.004 % DPPH and stored at 4 ºC for further studies. solution was prepared in methanol. The essential oil was mixed GC-MS analysis: The analysis of the essential oil was with methanol in appropriate amounts to prepare 20, 40, 60, carried out on GC-MS of Agilent Technologies, Model 6890N, 80 and 100 % ( v/v) methanolic test solutions. Butylated operating in EI mode at 70 ev equipped with a split-splitless hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used as a positive control. A injector. Helium used as a carrier gas at the flow rate of 1 mL/ butylated hydroxytoluene stock solution (100 µg/mL) was used min, while HP-5MS (30 m × 0.25 mm id, 0.25 µ film thickness) to prepare 20, 40, 60 and 80 %(v/v) methanolic solution, capillary column was used. The initial temperature was whereas butylated hydroxytoluene stock solution (100 µg/mL) programmed at 50-140 ºC at the rate of 5 ºC/min and then was considered as 100 % working solution. Each methanolic 100-250 ºC at the rate of 3 ºC/min followed by a constant dilution of essential oil as well as butylated hydroxytoluene temperature at 260 ºC for period of 20 min. Sample (2 µL) (100 µL) was mixed with 3 mL of DPPH solution separately. was injected to column programmed at 200 ºC and resolutions The mixtures were shaken vigorously and left to stand for 0.5 of components were attained. The components were identified h in dark at room temperature. The absorbance of the resulting by their retention time and peak enhancement with standard solutions was measured at 517 nm using a UV-VIS spectro- samples in gas chromatographic mode and NIST library search photometer (Nicolet, Evlution-300, Germany). Decreasing from the derived fragmentation pattern of the various compo- absorbance of DPPH solution indicates an increase in DPPH nents of the oil. radical scavenging activity corresponding to the antioxidant Antibacterial assay: In vitro antimicrobial studies were activity of the experimental V. wallichii essential oil. This carried out on eight bacterial strains including Bacillus subtilis activity is given as % inhibition, which is calculated with the ATCC6333, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium, following equation: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Staphy- DPPH scavenging effect (% inhibition) = {(Ablank - Asample)/ lococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes. Ablank} × 100 Among the tested microorganisms Bacillus subtilis ATCC6333 where, A stands for absorbance. Each experiment was perfor- was obtained from microbiology laboratory of PCSIR labs med in triplicate. complex Lahore and other were collected from pathological laboratory of a local hospital. All clinical isolates were charac- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION terized to specie level according to standard microbiological The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation from 12 techniques described by Monica . The cultures of bacteria the V. wallichii roots, having 0.245 % (v/w) yield on dry weight were maintained in the laboratory on nutrient agar slants at basis. Present results indicate that the essential oil yield of V. 4 ºC throughout the study. wallichii roots (0.245 %) is higher than the claim made by 13 The paper disc diffusion method was applied with slight Bos et al.16 (0.09 %) on dry weight basis. The gas chromato- modification to test the antimicrobial activity of V. wallichii graphy coupled with mass spectrometric analysis revealed the essential oil. Normal strength nutrient agar medium (OXOID, presence of 26 compounds, out of which 10 components were England) was prepared and autoclaved at 121 ± 1 ºC for 15 identified (Table-1). These components were further classified min. For antibacterial assay 24 h old bacterial cultures grown in two fractions i.e. hydrocarbon fraction and oxygenated -1 at 37 ºC were used. Cultures were diluted 10 in sterile ringer fraction. Hydrocarbon fraction constituted camphene, 14 6 solution to set an inoculums density of approximately 10 isocaryophillene, isocaryophillene, panasinene while butanoic CFU/mL, which was used for the test. 30 µL of these suspen- acid, 3-methyl-, 3-methylbutylester, bornyl acetate, sions were inoculated to plates containing sterile nutrient agar epiglobulal, patchouli alcohol, isoarmadendrene epoxide, medium using a sterile cotton swab. lognifolenaldehyde comprized the oxygenated fraction of the Each filter paper discs (6 mm in diameter) impregnated oil. Presence of patchouli alcohol (16.425 %) as major compo- with 25 µL of different concentrations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Antileishmanial Compounds from Nature - Elucidation of the Active Principles of an Extract from Valeriana Wallichii Rhizomes
    ANTILEISHMANIAL COMPOUNDS FROM NATURE - ELUCIDATION OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF AN EXTRACT FROM VALERIANA WALLICHII RHIZOMES Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Jan Glaser aus Hammelburg Würzburg 2015 ANTILEISHMANIAL COMPOUNDS FROM NATURE - ELUCIDATION OF THE ACTIVE PRINCIPLES OF AN EXTRACT FROM VALERIANA WALLICHII RHIZOMES Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Jan Glaser aus Hammelburg Würzburg 2015 Eingereicht am ....................................... bei der Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie 1. Gutachter Prof. Dr. Ulrike Holzgrabe 2. Gutachter ........................................ der Dissertation 1. Prüfer Prof. Dr. Ulrike Holzgrabe 2. Prüfer ......................................... 3. Prüfer ......................................... des öffentlichen Promotionskolloquiums Datum des öffentlichen Promotionskolloquiums .................................................. Doktorurkunde ausgehändigt am .................................................. "Wer nichts als Chemie versteht, versteht auch die nicht recht." Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742-1799) DANKSAGUNG Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde am Institut für Pharmazie und Lebensmittelchemie der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg auf Anregung und unter Anleitung von Frau Prof. Dr. Ulrike Holzgrabe und finanzieller Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 630) angefertigt. Ich
    [Show full text]
  • OCR Document
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL CENTRO DE BIOTECNOLOGIA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA CELULAR E MOLECULAR PRODUÇÃO DE VALEPOTRIATOS EM CULTURAS LÍQUIDAS DE PLANTAS DE Valeriana glechomifolia Meyer (VALERIANACEAE) DENISE RUSSOWSKI Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular do Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul como quesito parcial para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Orientador: Prof. Dr. Arthur Germano Fett-Neto Co-Orientadora: Profª Drª Sandra Beatriz Rech Porto Alegre, Março de 2007. 2 INSTITUIÇÕES E FONTES FINANCIADORAS O desenvolvimento deste projeto ocorreu nos seguintes laboratórios: • Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal do Departamento de Botânica e Centro de Biotecnologia do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul– UFRGS • Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal do Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima – Faculdade de Farmácia – UFRGS • Central Analítica da Faculdade de Farmácia – UFRGS A Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES) foi responsável pela concessão de bolsa, sendo o apoio financeiro fornecido pelo Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (PADCT), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) e Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) – Grant pesquisador ao orientador. 3 AGRADECIMENTOS Ao orientador Prof. Arthur G. Fett-Neto que me transformou, não geneticamente, mas em um profissional seguramente melhor. Sua orientação irretocável dispensa quaisquer outros comentários. À co-orientadora Profª. Sandra B. Rech pela valiosa ajuda na confecção das amostras para o HPLC, cedência de suas bolsistas e, principalmente, pelos ensinamentos e dedicação.
    [Show full text]
  • 44959350027.Pdf
    Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 ISSN: 2215-2075 Universidad de Costa Rica Rondón, María; Velasco, Judith; Rojas, Janne; Gámez, Luis; León, Gudberto; Entralgo, Efraín; Morales, Antonio Antimicrobial activity of four Valeriana (Caprifoliaceae) species endemic to the Venezuelan Andes Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 66, no. 3, July-September, 2018, pp. 1282-1289 Universidad de Costa Rica DOI: 10.15517/rbt.v66i3.30699 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44959350027 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Antimicrobial activity of four Valeriana (Caprifoliaceae) species endemic to the Venezuelan Andes María Rondón1, Judith Velasco2, Janne Rojas1, Luis Gámez3, Gudberto León4, Efraín Entralgo4 & Antonio Morales1 1. Organic Biomolecular Research Group. Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis. University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela; [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2. Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Bioanalysis. University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela; [email protected] 3. Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Science. University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela; [email protected] 4. Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Statistics School, University of Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela; [email protected], [email protected] Received 11-II-2018. Corrected 23-V-2018. Accepted 25-VI-2018. Abstract: Valeriana L. genus is represented in Venezuela by 16 species, 9 of these are endemic of Venezuelan Andes growing in high mountains at 2 800 masl.
    [Show full text]
  • UJPAH 2018 Final JOURNAL(14-06-2018)
    RNI No. DEL/1998/4626 ISSN 0973-3507 UUnniivveerrssiittiieess'' JJoouurrnnaall ooff PPhhyyttoocchheemmiissttrryy aanndd AAyyuurrvveeddiicc HHeeiigghhttss Vol. I No. 24 June 2018 Mangifera indica (Mango) Syzygium cumini (Jamun) Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Dalchini) Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpatta) Abstracted and Indexed by NISCAIR Indian Science Abstracts Assigned with NAAS Score Website : www.ujpah.in UJPAH Vol. I No. 24 JUNE 2018 Editorial Board Dr. Rajendra Dobhal Dr. S. Farooq Dr. I.P Saxena Dr. A.N. Purohit Chairman, Editorial Board Chief Editor Editor Patron Director, UCOST, Director, International Instt. Ex. V.C. H.N.B. Garhwal Univ'., Ex. V.C. H.N.B. Garhwal Univ'., Dehradun, UK, India of Medical Science, Srinagar, Garhwal, Srinagar, Garhwal, Dehradun, UK, India UK., India UK., India Advisory Board Dr. Himmat Singh : Chairman, Advisory Board Former Advisor, R N D, BPCL, Mumbai, India Dr. B.B. Raizada : Former Principal, D.B.S College, Dehradun, UK., India Dr. Maya Ram Uniyal : Ex-Director, Ayurved (Govt. of India) and Advisor, Aromatic and Medicinal Plant (Govt. of Uttarakhand), India Ms. Alka Shiva : President and Managing Director, Centre of Minor Forest Products (COMFORPTS), Dehradun, UK., India Dr. Versha Parcha : Head, Chemistry Department, SBSPGI of Biomedical Sciences and Research, Dehradun, UK., India Dr. Sanjay Naithani : Ex-Head, Pulp and Paper Division, FRI, Dehradun, UK., India Dr. Iqbal Ahmed : Reader, Department of Agriculture Microbiology, A.M.U., Aligarh, U.P, India Dr. Syed Mohsin Waheed : Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era University, Dehradun, Uk., India Dr. Atul Kumar Gupta : Head, Department of Chemistry, S.G.R.R (P.G) College, Dehradun, UK., India Dr. Sunita Kumar : Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, MKP College, Dehradun, UK., India Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Valeriana Officinalis L., Valeriana
    plants Article Comparative and Functional Screening of Three Species Traditionally used as Antidepressants: Valeriana officinalis L., Valeriana jatamansi Jones ex Roxb. and Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. Laura Cornara 1, Gabriele Ambu 1, Domenico Trombetta 2 , Marcella Denaro 2, Susanna Alloisio 3,4, Jessica Frigerio 5, Massimo Labra 6 , Govinda Ghimire 7, Marco Valussi 8 and Antonella Smeriglio 2,* 1 Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy; [email protected] (L.C.); [email protected] (G.A.) 2 Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Via Giovanni Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; [email protected] (D.T.); [email protected] (M.D.) 3 ETT Spa, via Sestri 37, 16154 Genova, Italy; [email protected] 4 Institute of Biophysics-CNR, 16149 Genova, Italy 5 FEM2 Ambiente Srl, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; [email protected] 6 Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; [email protected] 7 Nepal Herbs and Herbal Products Association, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal; [email protected] 8 European Herbal and Traditional Medicine Practitioners Association (EHTPA), Norwich 13815, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +39-0906-764-039 Received: 6 July 2020; Accepted: 2 August 2020; Published: 5 August 2020 Abstract: The essential oils (EOs) of three Caprifoliaceae species, the Eurasiatic Valeriana officinalis (Vo), the Himalayan Valeriana jatamansi (Vj) and Nardostachys jatamansi (Nj), are traditionally used to treat neurological disorders. Roots/rhizomes micromorphology, DNA barcoding and EOs phytochemical characterization were carried out, while biological effects on the nervous system were assessed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity and microelectrode arrays (MEA).
    [Show full text]
  • National Register of Medicinal Plants
    Digitized by Google Digitized by Google IUCI Nepal National Register of Medicinal Plants IUCl-The World Conservation union May 2000 ... .....,...... , ... 111 IUCN ....,, ., fllrlll •• ... c-.ltloll n.w.wc:-....u.i. IIHI l111I11111I1111II1111II111111111111111 9AZG-Y9Q-23PK Published by: IUCN Nepal Copyright: 2000. IUCN Nepal The role of Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation in supporting the IUCN Nepal is gratefully acknowledged. The material in this publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for education or non-profit uses, without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. IUCN Nepal would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication which uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purposes without prior written permission of IUCN Nepal. Citation: IUCN Nepal. 2000. National Register ofMedicinal Plants. Kathmandu: IUCN Nepal. ix+ 163 pp. ISBN: 92-9144-048-5 Layout and Design: Upendra Shrestha & Kanhaiya L. Shrestha Cover design: Upendra Shrestha Cover Pictures: Pages from the manuscript of Chandra Nighantu drawn towards the end of 19th century (Courtesy: Singh Durbar Vaidhyakhana Development Committee) Left-hand side: Rajbriksha (Cassia fistula) occuring in the Tarai and other tropical regions of Nepal lying below 1,000 m altitude. Right-hand side: jatamansi (Nardostachys grandif/ora) occuring at 3,000m to 4,000m in the alpine and subalpine zone of Nepal Himalaya. Available from: IUCN Nepal P.O. Box 3923 Kathmandu, Nepal The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of IUCN Nepal.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Valeriana Jatamansi</I>
    Blumea 59, 2014: 37– 41 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/blumea RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/000651914X683476 A note on Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Caprifoliaceae s.l.) D.J. Mabberley1, H.J. Noltie2 Key words Abstract The tangled arguments around the names of jatamansi drug plants are examined and the correct synony- mies and typifications for Nardostachys jatamansi (D.Don) DC. and V. jatamansi Jones (both Caprifoliaceae s.l.) are conservation provided. The conservation status of the former, and the need for further work on the subject, is briefly discussed. jatamansi Nardostachys jatamansi Published on 17 July 2014 typification Valeriana jatamansi INTRODUCTION HistorY Jatamansi (Nardostachys jatamansi) is a traditional Indian In 1790, the great orientalist and polymath, Sir William Jones drug plant used for incense and medicine (Baral & Kurmi 2006: (1746–1794), described a new species of Valeriana L., based 445, Mabberley 2008: 572). It is harvested from the wild in the on a description and drawing provided by Adam Burt (1761– Western Himalayas, where over-exploitation and degradation 1814), an East India Company surgeon then based in Gaya of its natural habitats give rise to concerns about its conserva- (Bengal, now in the Indian State of Bihar). Jones abstracted tion status. However, proper assessment of the conservation from Burt’s account its ‘natural characters’ and made a diagno- status of jatamansi is hampered by confusion with Valeriana sis ‘in the Linnean style’ (Mabberley 1977, Noltie 2013). Jones jatamansi, a medicinal plant of more local importance. The item appears to have had no specimen, so that the only ‘original ma- of materia medica traded is, in the case of both species, the terial’ available for typification is the illustration he reproduced.
    [Show full text]
  • Covid-19) Coronavirus
    International Journal of ISSN: 2582-1075 Recent Innovations in Medicine and Clinical Research https://ijrimcr.com/ Open Access, Peer Reviewed, Abstracted and Indexed Journal Volume-2, Issue-4, 2020: 113-123 Research Article Role of Ayurvedic Herbal Medicines and Ayurvedic Therapies in Prophylaxis and Therapeutic Management of SARS CoV-2 (Covid-19) Coronavirus Deodatta Bhadlikar Principal, Professor and Medical Superintendent, Mahaveer Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Meerut, U.P., India-250341 Author Affiliations Dr. Deodatta Bhadlikar, M.D. (Ayurved); Ph.D. (Ayurved), Corresponding Author Email: [email protected]; [email protected] Received: November 4, 2020 Accepted: November 27, 2020 Published: December 9, 2020 Abstract: Despite of worldwide efforts, the SARS CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic is continuing. At present there is no medicine, vaccine which has evidence, so there is utmost need of clinical intervention by the oldest traditional health science that is Ayurveda. In Ayurveda text ‘Acharya charak’ has described in ‘viman sthan’ in ‘janpadodhawasan chapter’, about epidemic disease and its management, SARS CoV-2 can be correlated with the disease ‘tiwra Pinas’ which is ‘vata kapha sannipataj jwar’ which has similar symptoms like SARS CoV-2. Ayurvedic herbal medicine advised in this disease are ‘Aagneya in Guna’ most of the herbs are antiviral, antioxidants and immunity modulators which may help in preventive and therapeutic aspects by breaking virus, overall it may help to reduce mortality rate. In covid-19 other than Pneumonia; another cause may be disseminated intravascular coagulation that is thrombosis. The affected parts are lungs and terminally cardiac arrest, stroke and many other thromboembolic diseases, in this role of Ayurvedic herbal medicines may act as antiviral, antioxidant, anticoagulant, immunity modulator, also works in breathlessness and reduces mucus, reduces inflammation in respiratory tract as an anti-inflammatory effect & may reduce viral replication by breaking virus.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceedings of the 1St Himalayan Researchers Consortium Volume I
    Proceedings of the 1st Himalayan Researchers Consortium Volume I Broad Thematic Area Biodiversity Conservation & Management Editors Puneet Sirari, Ravindra Kumar Verma & Kireet Kumar G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment & Sustainable Development An Autonomous Institute of Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India Kosi-Katarmal, Almora 263 643, Uttarakhand, INDIA Web: gbpihed.gov.in; nmhs.org.in | Phone: +91-5962-241015 Foreword Taking into consideration the significance of the Himalaya necessary for ensuring “Ecological Security of the Nation”, rejuvenating the “Water Tower for much of Asia” and reinstating the one among unique "Global Biodiversity Hotspots", the National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) is an opportune initiative, launched by the Government of India in the year 2015–16, which envisages to reinstate the sustained development of its environment, natural resources and dependent communities across the nation. But due to its environmental fragility and geographic inaccessibility, the region is less explored and hence faces a critical gap in terms of authentic database and worth studies necessary to assist in its sustainable protection, conservation, development and prolonged management. To bridge this crucial gap, the National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS) recognizes the reputed Universities/Institutions/Organizations and provides a catalytic support with the Himalayan Research Projects and Fellowships Grants to start initiatives across all IHR States. Thus, these distinct NMHS Grants fill this critical gap by creating a cadre of trained Himalayan environmental researchers, ecologists, managers, etc. and thus help generating information on physical, biological, managerial and social aspects of the Himalayan environment and development. Subsequently, the research findings under these NMHS Grants will assist in not only addressing the applied and developmental issues across different ecological and geographic zones but also proactive decision- and policy-making at several levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Micropropagation of Valeriana Wallichii DC. (Indian Valerian)
    Indian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 14, January 2015, pp 127-130 Micropropagation of Valeriana wallichii DC. multiplying the elite germplasm of V. wallichi. (Indian Valerian) through nodes Although in vitro propagation was reported via callus culture3, suspension cultures5, shoot buds6, encapsulated 7 Sandeep Singh, Vijay K Purohit*, P Prasad and apical and axial shoot buds , but multiple shoot formation A R Nautiyal through nodes of in vitro germinated seedlings of High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre, V. wallichii has not been reported so far. Therefore, in the H N B Garhwal University, Srinagar 246 174 (Uttarakhand), India present study, development of in vitro micropropagation Received 2 May 2013; revised 10 October 2013; protocol through multiple shoot formation has been accepted 14 December 2013 reported using nodal explants from the 2-month-old in vitro germinated seedlings of V. wallichii. In vitro propagation method was developed for obtaining large Seeds of V. wallichii were collected from the wild number of plantlets of Valeriana wallichii DC. (Valerianaceae), an indigenous high value medicinal and aromatic plant species of population at Khirsu (1800 m asl), Pauri (Garhwal), th Indian Himalayan region, using nodes of in vitro grown seedlings. Uttarakhand, India in the 4 week (wk) of April. High frequency shoot proliferation was induced in explants cultured Surface disinfection of seeds was performed using a on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with plastic net as seeds were tiny. Seeds were wetted in a different concentrations of 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kn), adenine sulphate (AS) and thidiazuron (TDZ). Amongst all the detergent solution (Tween 20, two drop v/v) for 10 tested cytokinins, 3.0 µM BA was found to be the most effective min and washed under running tap water for 15 min.
    [Show full text]
  • Valeriana Jatamansi: an Herbaceous Plant with Multiple Medicinal Uses
    Received: 12 March 2018 Revised: 26 September 2018 Accepted: 3 November 2018 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6245 REVIEW Valeriana jatamansi: An herbaceous plant with multiple medicinal uses Arun K. Jugran1 | Sandeep Rawat2 | Indra D. Bhatt2 | Ranbeer S. Rawal2 1 G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Valeriana jatamansi Jones (Family: Caprifoliaceae), a high value medicinal plant, was Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar, distributed in many countries of Asia. The species possesses important valepotriates Uttarakhand, India 2 Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and and is a good source of flavones or flavone glycosides, lignans, sesquiterpenoids or Management (CBCM), G. B. Pant National sesquiterpenoid glycoside, bakkenolide type sesquiterpenoids, phenolic compounds, Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi‐Katarmal, terpinoids, etc. The use of the species in traditional and modern medicines is well Almora, Uttarakhand, India known. For instance, V. jatamansi is very important for its insect repelling and Correspondence antihelmethic properties. Similarly, sedative, neurotoxic, cytotoxic, antidepressant, Dr Arun Kumar Jugran, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the species in various ailments in the indig- Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional enous system of medicine, particularly in Asia, are reported. This review focuses on Center, Srinagar‐246 174, Uttarakhand, India. the detailed phytochemical composition, medicinal uses, and pharmacological proper- Email: [email protected] ties of V. jatamansi along with analysis of botanical errors in published literature and Funding information reproducibility of the biomedical researches on this multipurpose herbaceous species. Project 10 (inhouse) of GBPNIHESD, Almora, Uttarakhand (Funded by MoEF&CC, New Delhi, India); Uttarakhand Council of KEYWORDS Biotechnoloy (Govt.
    [Show full text]
  • List by Latin Genus/Species Names and English Common Names Latin Genus/Species Name English Common Name
    List by Latin Genus/Species Names and English Common Names Latin Genus/Species Name English Common Name Abelmoschus Esclentus Okra Abies Alba European Silver Fir Silver Fir White Fir Abies Balsamea American Silver Fir Balm of Gilead Balsam Canada Balsam Fir Eastern Fir Abies Koreana Korean Fir Abies Pectinata Silver Fir Abies Sibirica Siberian Fir Abronia Villosa Desert Sand-verbena Acacia Arabica Babul Acacia Egyptian Acacia Indian Gum-arabic-tree Scented-thorn Thorn-mimosa Thorny Acacia Acacia Catechu Black Cutch Catechu Acacia Concinna Soap-pod Acacia Dealbata Mimosa Silver Wattle Acacia Decurrens Green Wattle Acacia Farnesiana Cassie Huisache Opopanax Popinac Sweet Acacia Acacia Mearnsii Black Wattle Tan Wattle Acacia Senegal Gum-arabic Kher Senegal-gum Acacia Seyal Shittimwood Talh Thirtythorn Whistlingtree Acacia Victoriae Bramble Acacia Bramble Wattle Acanthopanax Koreanum No common names identified Acanthopanax Senticosus Eleuthero Eleuthero Ginseng Siberian Ginseng Stachelpanax Acer Palmatum Japanese Maple Acer Pseudoplatinus Sycamore Maple Acer Saccharum Sugar Maple Achillea Millefolium Milfoil Yarrow Achras Sapota Wild Dilly Wild Sapodilla Achyranthes Bidentata Nui Xi Achyranthes Fauriei Hinata-ino-kuzuchi Achyrocline Satureiodes Macela Acmella Oleracea Para-cress Toothacheplant Acorus Calamus Acorus Calamus Myrtle Flag Sweet Calamus Sweet Flag Acorus Gramineus Grass-leaf Calamus Grass-leaf Sweetflag Acronychia Acidula Lemon Aspen Acronychia Pedunculata Cavi Jejerukan Actinidia Arguta Bower Actinidia Taravine Vine-pear Actinidia
    [Show full text]