PL9700097 12 the Henryk Niewodniczariski Institute of Nuclear Physics Main Site: Ul
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Rptft m\ PL9700097 12 The Henryk Niewodniczariski Institute of Nuclear Physics Main site: ul. Radzikowskiego 152 31-342 Krak6w tel: (4812) 37 00 40 fax:(4812)37 5441 tlx:3224 61 e-mail: [email protected] High Energy Department: ul. Kawiory 26 A 30-055 Krakow tel: (4812) 33 33 66, 33 68 02 fax:(4812)3338 84 tlx: 32 22 94 e-mail: [email protected] 2 8 Ns 0 6 Krakow 1995 Report No 1693 PRINTED AT THE HENRYK NIEWODNICZANSKI INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS Cover designed by Jerzy Grebosz Editorial Board: J. Bartke, D. Erbel (Secretary), L. Freindl, W. Krupiriski, M. Krygowska-Doniec, J. Lekki, P. Malecki and H. Wojciechowski. e-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] The Editors assume no responsibility for the contents of materials supplied by the INP departments and laboratories. Kopia offsetowa, druk i oprawa : DRUKARNIA IFJ. Wspolpraca wydawnicza: SEKCJA WYDAWNICTW DZIALU INFORMACJI NAUKOWEJ IFJ Wydanie I zam. 15/95 Naklad 450 egz. The Henryic Niewodniczansla institute, oj Nuclear Physics, 4.0-years oj Activity in 1955, after the jirst Geneva Conference on Peacejul Use oj Atomic Energy, the Government oj Poland decided to enter the jleld oj nuclear research, it was decided at the time to buy in the Soviet Union two large installations: a 10 MW swmming pool reactor and a 120 cm classical cyclotron. The reactor, named Euia, xuas located in a small village Swierlc so tern out oj Warsaw and the u-izo cyclotron was situated at its site in Bronourice, a suburb oj Krakow. In the autumn oj 1955 a team oj physicists and engineers under me leadership oj Projessor Henryic Niexuodniczanslci began trie planning and construction work, In November 1958 we cetebrated the extraction oj is Mev deuteron beam jrom the then neu> 120 cm "Large Cyclotron". At Jlrst, the Institute consisted oj only jour Departments: The Department oj Nuclear Reactions, The Department oj Nuclear Spectroscope, The Department oj Structural Research and Department oj Theoretical Physcis. Since at that time re- search equipment jor nuclear physics was not available on the marlcet, jrom the very beginning oj our institute the mechanical and electronics shops were crucial jor our operation. Soon, thanlcs to international cooperation, research performed at the in- stitute attained a recognized world standard, in 1970 the cracoui High Energy Growp led by Projessor Miesouncz joined the Institute, considerably broadening the scope oj our research. We meet the 40-th anniversary oj the operation oj the Henryic Nieiuodniczanslci Institute oj Nuclear Physics urith a stajj oj 600 employees and over zoo research pa- pers published anually in rejereed journals oj international reputation. Every year the institute hosts two or three international conjerences attended by physicists jrom all over the world. The annual "Zafcopane School" in theoretical and experimen- tal physics has by now been xuell established within the international community oj physicists. Over the last jexu years the Institute has opened itselj uridely to the needs oj the society and oj the environment oj KraJc<5u>, our home town. We provide dosimetry services and monitor radiation levels in the soil and air. Our laboratories are available to everybody uiho urishes to test any product Jor radioactive contamination or to seefc advice on the level oj radon concentration in his home. Using various nuclear and nonnuclear methods developed at our institute, often unique in Poland, we also provide services in the areas oj material and enviromental studies, nuclear medicine, radiobiologi/ and radiotherapy, extensively collaborating with the scientific community oj our city. During the jlrst jourty years oj its activity, the Henrylc Nieuiodniczansici institute oj Nuclear Physics (or IFJ, by its Polish acronym) has gained a respectable position in the world, a leading position in Poland, and has jirmly established itselj in the scientijlc, cultural and social life oj KrakOw. Research carried out at the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics through 1994 has resulted in 211 papers published in refereed journals of international reputation, 43 invited talks and 115 contributions to international conferences. The Institute hosted 6 inter- national and 4 local conferences, workshops and summer schools. In the field of high energy physics we exploited intensively the Delphi, Zeus and HI detectors harvesting new data. We also participated in muon experiments at FNAL in Batavia and rela- tivistic heavy ion experiments at CERN, Brookhaven, as well as in the JACEE and Hegra cosmic ray projects. We entered fully into new projects: at LHC within Atlas and Alice collaborations and into the Phobos collaboration at RHIC. All these experiments were strongly supported by theoretical studies on subjects such as physics of small x, heavy quark physics and studies of radiative corrections. Within the COSY 10 collaboration we obtained the first physical data on pion production in the p+p reaction close to threshold. New data concerning multifragmentation of highly excited 19'Au nucleus were obtained within the Faza collaboration (JINR Dubna). We have provided the EUROGAM collaboration with the Recoil Filter Detector which is now being installed at the Vivitron accelerator in Strasbourg. The new approach to study DIC with coincidence gamma spectroscopy developed in collaboration with Legnaro has led to the discovery of the doubly magic 58Ni nucleus. Using neiitron beams from the reactors at Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics .IINR (Dubna) and at Kjellar (Norway) we have nnished studies of phase transitions on a series of liquid crystal, molecular crystal and polimer compounds. These studies were supported by calorimetic and infrared spectroscopy measurements. Applying the technique of nuclear magnetic resonance, we have completed research on tun- neling of amonium ions substituted by deuterons. In the field of nuclear geophysics we found an effect of selfcleaning of mine brines from Ra and Ba. We developed a theoretical method for calibrating neutron logs. The physical and chemical properties of A=106 elements have been established in collabo- ration with FLNR (Dubna) and INP (Orsay). PIXE and SRIXE methods have been widely used in studies of heavy element concentra- tion in cancer tissues. Chromosome abberations and DNA defects were studied using alkaline electrophoresis of blood lymphocytes. Mutation induced by radiation was further investigated using Tradescantia as a model plant. A NMR microtomograph developed on-site was used to study the anatomy ot the bee. A large number of material studies were performed using nuclear methods such as ion implantation, positron anihilation, and RBS. Monitoring of the radiation level in the environment has been an important task of our Institute. We have upgraded the facilities of the Radiative Pollution Laboratory to be able to rapidly detect 7Be, 40K, 137Cs, 226Ra and 210Pb. The dynamics of the activity of 137Cs, 7Be, 40K in wood biosphere was studied. Ultrasensitive LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescence detectors were produced in large quantities and applied in environmental and personal monitoring. Biophysical models of radiation effects were further developed and appied in studies of radiobiological properties of beams of charged particles and of fast neutrons in radiotherapy. The 120 cm cyclotron was intensively exploited for neutron therapy, isotope production and in research on fusion fission reactions and the giant resonance of excited nuclear states. The •i MeV pressurized Van de Graaf accelerator was used for material, medical and environmental studies. The Cockroft Walton pulsed neutron generator was used for studies of neutron scattering in rocks. The 144 cm isochronous cyclotron AIC 144 was equipped with a new dee. We have upgraded our computer network with new workstations of the HPT 15 and Silicon Graphics Challenge class. A new and exciting experience for us was the Open Day of the Institute which we organized for the first time. We had a full house and believe this effort has substantially contributed to the development of our public relations with the authorities and the citizens of Cracow. We also paid more attention to our teaching activities in various fields including basic sciences. environmental and material studies as well as efficient energy consumption. This year we suffered a great loss. Our colleague, Professor Zygmunt Chyliriski. Member of our Scientific Council and an eminent Polish theoretical physicist, has suddenly passed away on November 29. Our traditional collaboration partners were: the CERN Organization in Geneva, the Hahn- Meitner Institute in Berlin, the Julich Kernforschungszentrum, the University of Minister, GSI Darmstadt, CRN Strasbourg, Laboratoire du GANIL Caen, DESY Hamburg, KfK Karlsruhe, LNL Legnaro, Argonne National Laboratory, Purdue University, Brookhaven National Labo- ratory, Fermilab, Louisiana Univeristy at Baton Rouge, the JINR in Dubna, the Kurchatov Institute in Moscow and the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in Kiev. New promising contacts with the Korean Atomic Energy Research Institute and the KEK Research Center in Japan have been established. DIRECTORATE: General Director: Professor Andrzej Budzanowski Deputy Directors: Assoc.Prof. Piotr Malecki, Dr Maria Pollak-Stachurowa, Prof. Michal Turala SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL: Chairman: Prof. Krzysztof Rybicki A. REPRESENTATIVES OF SCIENTIFIC STAFF: Jerzy Bartke, Prof., Jan Lasa Prof., Rafal Broda, Prof., Leonard Lesniak, Assoc.Prof.,