Eolid Mollusca from Jamaica, with Descriptions of Two New Genera and Three New Species
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BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE OF THE GULF AND CARIBBEAN VOLUME 14 1964 NUMBER 1 EOLID MOLLUSCA FROM JAMAICA, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW GENERA AND THREE NEW SPECIES MALCOLM EDMUNDS Department of Zoology, University of Ghana ABSTRACT Thirteen species of eolid nudibranchs were collected between October 1961 and March 1962 from mangrove roots at Port Royal, Jamaica. An additional small collection was made in Biscayne Bay, Florida, near the Institute of Marine Science, University of Miami, on April 2, 1962. Two new genera are established, Selva (Cuthonidae) and Palisa (Facelinidae), as well as three new species, Selva rubra, Palisa papillata and Godiva rubrolineata. The classification of the subfamily Facalaninae is discussed. Of the 13 species of eolids known from Jamaica, 10 occur also at Miami and 8 near Sao Paulo, Brazil. Four instances of eolids being parasitized by pycnogonids are described. INTRODUCTION The material described in this paper was collected whilst the author was working in the Department of Zoology of the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. All of the Jamaican animals were found at Port Royal where the Department of Zoology has a small marine laboratory. One individual each of Berghia coerulescens and Spurilla neapolitana, and small numbers each of Catriona tina, Favorinus auritulus and Palisa pa- pillata were found in tanks at Port Royal or on hydro ids growing nearby. The rest of the material was collected from a narrow channel in the man- groves near Port Royal, at Goodbody's station A (Goodbody, 1961). The water in this channel varies in depth from 3-4 inches to 3-4 feet, and the stems and roots of the mangroves are covered with a rich growth of hydroids and anemones on which the eolids feed. Collections were made at irregular intervals between October 1961 and March 1962. A further small collection was made from hydroids growing on dock pilings on Key Biscayne, close to the Marine Laboratory of the University of Miami, Florida, on April 2, 1962. The nudibranchs from ·the Caribbean have been studied recently by Marcus and Marcus (1960), but prior to this, the only reasonably com- prehensive study is that of Engel (1925, 1927). Since there is a close resemblance between the opisthobranchs from Florida and from the region of Sao Paulo, Brazil (Marcus and Marcus, 1960), the papers by Marcus 2 Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean [14(1) (1955, 1957, 1958) on Brazilian opisthobranchs have also proved to be valuable. The classification used in the present paper is based upon that of Odhner (1939), modified by Macnae (1954) and Marcus (1957, 1958). In this paper, 13 species of eolids are discussed, including two new genera, Palisa and Selva, and three new species, Pa/isa papillata, Selva rubra and Godiva rubrolineata. The holotypes of these new species are deposited in the British Museum (Natural History), London. EXPLANATION OF LETTERING ace-accessory gland m-masticatory border amp-ampulla ovi-oviduct an-anus ovo-ovotestes ant.l-anterior liver p-penis cn-cnidosac post. I-posterior liver d-dorsal indentation pr-prostate I.g.a-female genital atrium p.t-pre-radular tooth j.g.m-female gland mass r-rectum g-gonopore r.p--renal pore g.a-genital atrium s-stomach h-heart sp.ov-spermoviduct h.d-hermaphrodite duct sp.th-sperrnatheca hi-hinge st-stylet k-kidney v-vagina I-liver v.d-vas deferens Order NUDIBRANCHIA Suborder EOLIDACEA Tribe ACLEIOPROCTA Family Eubranchidae Capellinia canida Marcus Occurrence.- Two animals were found in January and February 1962 at Port Royal. Further distribution.-At two localities in Brazil and at two localities in Florida (Marcus, 1958; Marcus and Marcus, 1960). Discussion.-The two animals were 3.0 and 2.5 mm long when alive, and closely resemble the specimens described by Marcus (1958) and by Marcus and Marcus (1960). There is considerable color variation in this species, especially in the amount of white and of brown. The radula and the reproductive organs were examined to confirm the identification. Family Cuthonidae Catrio1Ulmaua Marcus and Marcus Figs. 1, A-B; 2, B-C; 3, A Occurrence.-Forty-two specimens were found between October 1961 and March 1962. 1964] Edmunds: Eolid Mollusca 3 Further distribution.-Miami, Florida (Marcus and Marcus, 1960). Description.-The largest animal was 12 mm long when alive, but the usual length is 5 to 8 mm. The original description of C. maua is based upon observations of two preserved specimens (Marcus and Marcus, 1960), so many of the details which follow are given for the first time. The living animal has the typical rounded foot and smooth rhino- phores of the genus Catriona. In an animal 9 mm long, the cerata reach 3 mm, the oral tentacles 2 mm, and the rhinophores 3 mm in length. There is a white stippling on the distal halves of both rhinophores and oral tentacles, and there are further white markings on the head and back (Fig. 1, A). Occasionally, the white markings are tinged with orange. There is a red streak up the basal half of the rhinophores on the posterior side. The cerata have two white bands toward the tip (Fig. 1, B), and there is often a faint suffusion of orange to the otherwise colourless cera tal epidermis. Creamy-white unicellular epidermal glands are present in the white band nearest the tip of the ceras. The liver in the cerata of fresh animals is pale red with cream and dark red blotches, but after a few days in captivity the red changes to pale brown. The liver ducts in the body may be slightly pinkish, and the oesophagus is bright red. The FIGURE 1. A, Catriona maua Marcus & Marcus: dorsal view of living animal; white markings shown by fine stippling, red by coarse stippling.-B, Ceras of C. maua; white bands are stippled; the liver is pale red with dark red 3;nd cream blotches.-C, Catriona perea Marcus: dorsal view of living animal; white markings finely stippled, brown and blackish markings coarsely stippled. -D, Ceras of C. perea; white markings stippled; liver is yellow-brown mostly obscured by black. 4 Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean [14(1) general body colour is silvery-grey, sometimes faintly suffused with orange, though never as much as in C. aurantia. The cerata stand on cushions, as described by Marcus and Marcus (1960), and in a large (9 mm) animal have the following distribution: Anterior liver Posterior liver Right side 6,5,5 3,3,3,1,1,1 Left side 6,5,5 4,3,1,3,1,1 The anus lies just above the first ceras of the posterior liver, and the genital openings are either just in front of or just behind the base of the first row of cerata of the anterior liver. The jaws resemble those described by Marcus and Marcus (1960), but there is no black pigment in any of four animals examined. The radula has up to 100 teeth (Fig. 2,B). Since the pre-radular tooth is retained in this species (Fig. 2,C), the number of teeth indicates age and is not of taxonomic significance. B' C 20" . ~~~ p.l FIGURE 2. A, Catriona perea Marcus: 17th tooth from specimen with 26 radular teeth.-B, Catriona maua Marcus & Marcus: 87th tooth from specimen with 95 radular teeth.-C, Catriona maua: first five radular teeth, induding the pre-radular tooth. The genital system is similar to that of C. perea. In one animal there are four testis sacs, each with six or more ovaries opening into them. After leaving the 0.2 mm-Iong ampulla, the spermoviduct divides into oviduct and vas deferens (Fig. 3,A). Most of the vas deferens is pros- tatic, except for a short length near the penis. There is an accessory male gland, but this differs from the accessory male gland of C. perea in that the cells are columnar and closely resemble those of the prostate gland. The spermatheca is a pouch 80p. in diameter, opening into the female atrium close to the oviduct. The penial stylet is 3'O,ulong. Catriona perea Marcus Figs. 1, C-D; 2, A; 3, B Occurrence.-Thirty-one specimens were found at Port Royal in Novem- ber and Decemer 1961. 1964] Edmunds: Eolid Mollusca 5 Further distribution. - Brazil (Marcus, 1958). Description. - The largest animal, 15 mm long when alive, was decaying slightly and was covered with epizootic protozoa. The living animal is exactly as described by Marcus (1958), but the oral tentacles and rhinophores (Fig. 1, C of this paper) are stouter than in his figure. The most important features are the orange pigment in the head region (not indicated in Fig. 1, C), the blotch of brown or black pigment in front of the rhinophores, and the blackish liver ducts which are clearly visible through the epidermis. The foot is rounded as in other species of Catriona. The liver in the cerata is basically yellow-brown, but this is largely obscured by black tubercles (Fig. 1, D). There are two bands of white on the cerata, and, as in C. maua, there are white glands in the band nearest the tip. FIGURE 3. A, Catriona maua Marcus & Marcus.-B, Catriona perea Marcus. Diagrams of reproductive system. 6 Bulletin of Marine Science of the Gulf and Caribbean [14(1) The cerata are distributed as described by Marcus (1958), and in one animal 10 mm long had the following numbers per row: Anterior liver Posterior liver Right side 7,8 8,3,5,3,3,1,1,1 Left side 7,8 6,4,4,3,2,1,1,1 glvmg a total of 77.