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Arkana Radiowego Internetu – Packet Radio V1.6 Arkana radiowego internetu - Packet Radio - Podstawy dla początkujących oraz podręcznik dla zaawansowanych w systemach Mariusz Lisowski, SQ1BVN Bydgoszcz, 23 lipca 2000 Arkana radiowego internetu – Packet Radio v1.6. Bydgoszcz 2000-2003 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Od autora Książka pt. „Arkana radiowego internetu – Packet Radio” powstała na wskutek rosnącego zainteresowania siecią Packet Radio i jest podsumowaniem kilkuletnich zmagań autora i osób współpracujących z budową sieci AmprNet oraz administracją jej węzłów (Człuchów, Bydgoszcz). Ze względu na różnorodność dostępnego oprogramowania do pracy w sieci AX.25 i TCP/IP powstał swojego rodzaju nieład i niejednolitość instalowanych systemów w węzłach sieci AmprNet. Autor wierzy, że stworzona pozycja się przyczyni do wykrystalizowania się określonego standardu opartego na systemie NOS i LINUX. W księżce zawarto wiadomości dotyczące także typowej sieci TCP/IP, czyli internetu. Możliwe, że znajdą tu coś dla siebie przyszli administratorzy sieci profesjonalnych..., ponieważ NOS’y bardzo przypominają platformę Unix’ową i mogą być z powodzeniem „przedszkolem” do pracy na maszynach typu Unix. Jeśli temat będzie dalej cieszył się zainteresowaniem w planie jest napisanie książki o zastosowaniu Linux’a do pracy na PR oraz poradnik dla administratorów oraz twórców nowych węzłów PR na bazie Linux’a. Autor jest studentem trzeciego roku Inżynierskiego Zastosowania Komputerów na Politechnice Koszalińskiej, zgromadzone materiały będą przydatne przy obronie dyplomu inżyniera. Niniejszy dokument objęty jest prawami autorskimi. Autor zastrzega sobie jakiekolwiek zmiany w dziele bez jego wiedzy. Z tego powodu będzie on dostępny w formie tradycyjnej papierowej książki oraz z formie elektronicznej jako PDF’y. Wykorzystanie części lub całości w innych dziełach dozwolone TYLKO za pisemną zgodą autora. Autor zgadza się na NIEODPŁATNE rospowszechnianie „Arkan ...” w wersji 1.5. Dokumentacja została stworzona w dobrej wierze, i autor nie odpowiada za szkody powstałe w systemie lub utratę danych po zastosowaniu opisanych procedur. Książka „Arkana...” jest pierwszą próbą stworzenia literatury technicznej dla szerszego grona, można powiedzieć, że książka została napisana amatorsko - proszę o wyrozumiałość... i cenne uwagi, aby następne dzieła mogły być stopniowo doskonalsze. Zdaję sobie sprawę, że w książce może być dużo niejasności. Autor będzie wdzięczny za wszelkie uwagi i wskazówki przesyłane na adres: [email protected]. Zainteresowanych tematyką Packet Radio dodatkowo zapraszam na witryny - www.ampr.zse.bydgoszcz.pl . Na tym węźle w serwerze FTP można także znaleźć paczkę z JNOS’em oraz w przyszłości następne wersje niniejszej książki (jeśli takie będą pisane). - www.ampr.pl. 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Arkana radiowego internetu – Packet Radio v1.6. Bydgoszcz 2000-2003 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Składam podziękowania za przychylność i dobrą współpracę przy budowie oraz utrzymaniu węzłów SR2BBY oraz SR1DCZ niżej wymienionym osobom (niestety udało się spisać tylko kluczowe osoby). Ich zaangażowanie przyczyniło się także do zdobycia wiedzy, koniecznej do napisania tej książki. Dyrekcji Zespołu Szkół Elektronicznych w Bydgoszczy, za stworzenie możliwości budowy SR2BBY; Dyrekcji Miejskiego Domu Kultury w Człuchowie, za stworzenie możliwości budowy SR1DCZ; Szefostwu Ośrodka Metrologii Pomorskiego Okręgu Wojskowego w Bydgoszczy, za udostępnienie aparatury pomiarowej do kontroli parametrów transceiver’ów pracujących na węzłach; kol. Małgorzacie Wilczyńskiej, SP2IVI ,Bydgoszcz; kol. Stanisławowi Wilczyńskiemu, SP2FLE, Bydgoszcz; kol. Jerzemu Rydzkowskiemu, SP2BZR, Bydgoszcz; kol. Jerzemu Demydzie, SP2DDV, Bydgoszcz; kol. Maciejowi Drozdowskiemu, SQ2AHR, Bydogszcz; kol. Łukaszowi Masternakowi, SQ2DYL, Bydgoszcz; kol. Sławomirowi Szyłko, SQ2JAS, Bydgoszcz; kol. Marcinowi Liminowiczowi, SQ2MSM, Bydgoszcz; kol. Adamowi Otwinowskiemu, SQ2MAX, Bydgoszcz; kol. Dariuszowi Daleckiemu, SQ2FRH, Bydgoszcz; kol. Danielowi Michalakowi, SQ2DYT, Tryszczyn k. Bydgoszczy; kol. Grzegorzowi Kłosowskiemu, SQ2HCK, Bydogszcz; kol. Jackowi Kranz, SQ2MMX, Bydogszcz; kol. Markowi Kujawie, SQ2FRD, Cekcyn; kol. Tadeuszowi Dymnickiemu, SQ1BVI, Człuchów; kol. Jerzemu Rojkowi , SQ1BVJ, Człuchów; kol. Eugeniuszowi Ostrowskiemu, SP2GUC, Chojnice; kol. Tadeuszowi Świętochowskiemu, SP1NQN, Słupsk; kol. Krzysztofowi Kuźmińskiemu, SQ2EAC; Toruń; kol. Waldemarowi Ogonowskiemu, SP2ONG, Toruń; kol. Wojciechowi Lubasowi, SP9QZY, Gliwice; kol. Leszkowi Szczepanowskiemu, SP9ANR, Gliwice; kol. Wojciechowi Kaniewskiemu, Bydgoszcz; kol. Kazimierzowi Drzewieckiemu, SP2FAX, Kołaczkowo k. Bydgoszczy; kol. Adamowi Drożnniakowi, SQ2ICV, Bydgoszcz; kol. Wojtkowi, SP2OFW, Bydgoszcz; kol. Adamowi, SQ2BNT, Bydgoszcz; kol. Robertowi, SQ2HCT, Bydogszcz; kol. Markowi Polewczyńskiemu, Bydgoszcz; i innym, o których teraz nie pomyślałem a mają swój udział czasem nawet nie wiedząc o tym... Autor książki, osoba koordynująca realizację pomysłu. Mariusz Lisowski, SQ1BVN, Bydgoszcz. 2000 sierpień 10 3 _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Arkana radiowego internetu – Packet Radio v1.6. Bydgoszcz 2000-2003 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Spis treści 1. AMATORSKA SIEĆ PACKET RADIO - OGÓLNIE .............................................................................7 2. ŚRODOWISKO NOS - O SYSTEMIE. ..................................................................................................9 2.1 Praca na terminalach wirtualnych i poruszanie się między nimi................................................................... 9 2.2 Zarządzanie plikami i katalogami w środowisku NOS................................................................................. 10 2.3 Zarządzanie pamięcią ...................................................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Porty komunikacyjne w NOS.......................................................................................................................... 12 2.4.1 Przeglądanie statystyki portów................................................................................................................... 13 2.4.2 Inicjowanie (ang. attachment) portów komunikacyjnych w NOS............................................................. 13 2.4.3 Inicjowanie portów asynchronicznych....................................................................................................... 13 2.4.4 Inicjowanie w systemie portów packet....................................................................................................... 14 2.4.5 Inicjowanie w systemie portów na generycznej karcie SCC...................................................................... 15 2.4.6 Przekazywanie parametrów dostępu do kanału do urządzenia. ................................................................. 17 2.4.7 Statystyka pracy interfejsów....................................................................................................................... 17 2.4.8 Konfigurowanie portów w NOS ................................................................................................................ 17 2.4.9 Przykładowa część konfigurująca port autoexec.nos ................................................................................. 20 2.5 Lokalny MBOX (BBS) - interfejs użytkownika z sieci.................................................................................. 22 2.5.1 Połączenie z lokalnym BBS’em - dostępne polecenia. .............................................................................. 22 2.5.2 Pobieranie i wysyłanie plików 7plus w poczcie w NOS............................................................................ 23 2.5.3 Nadzór administratora nad lokalnym BBS’em........................................................................................... 24 2.5.4 Konfigurowanie lokalnego BBS’a ............................................................................................................. 24 2.5.5 Przykładowa konfiguracja lokalnego MBOX’a pliku autoexec.nos .......................................................... 25 2.6 Kontrolowanie dostępu do zasobów systemu i usług - plik ftpusers............................................................. 26 2.6.1 Zasada ustawiania poziomu uprawnień...................................................................................................... 26 2.6.2 Przykładowy plik ftpusers.......................................................................................................................... 27 2.7 Monitorowanie ramek na portach NOS’a...................................................................................................... 29 2.8 System plików NOS’a...................................................................................................................................... 30 3. PROTOKÓŁ KOMUNIKACYJNY AX.25 ........................................................................................... 32 3.1 Praca w sieci AX.25 w środowisku NOS ........................................................................................................ 32 3.2 Kontrola nad pracą sestemu protokołem AX.25 ..........................................................................................
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