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Print ISSN: 1994-0963 Electronic ISSN: 1994-098X INTER-PARLIAMENTARY UNION CHRONICLE OF PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS 2009 CHRONICLE OF PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS VOLUME 43 Published annually in English and French since 1967, the Chronicle of Parliamentary Elections reports on all national legislative elections held throughout the world during a given year. It includes information on the electoral system, the back- ground and outcome of each election as well as statistics on the results, distri- bution of votes and distribution of seats according to political group, sex and age. The information contained in the Chronicle can also be found in the IPU's data- base on national parliaments, PARLINE. PARLINE is accessible on the IPU web site (http://www.ipu.org/parline) and is continually updated. Inter-Parliamentary Union VOLUME 43 5, chemin du Pommier Case postale 330 CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex Geneva – Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 919 41 50 Fax: +41 22 919 41 60 2009 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ipu.org 2009 Chronicle of Parliamentary Elections VOLUME 43 1 January - 31 December 2009 © Inter-Parliamentary Union 2010 Print ISSN: 1994-0963 Electronic ISSN: 1994-098X Photo credits Front cover: Photo AFP/Pascal Pavani Back cover: Photo AFP/Tugela Ridley Inter-Parliamentary Union Office of the Permanent Observer of 5, chemin du Pommier the IPU to the United Nations Case postale 330 220 East 42nd Street CH-1218 Le Grand-Saconnex Suite 3002 Geneva — Switzerland New York, N.Y. 10017 USA Tel.: + 41 22 919 41 50 Tel.: +1 212 557 58 80 Fax: + 41 22 919 41 60 Fax: +1 212 557 39 54 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.ipu.org/parline Table of Contents Introduction.................................................................................................................3 Albania: Parliament ...................................................................................................6 Andorra: General Council.......................................................................................10 Antigua and Barbuda: Parliament House of Representatives........................................................................15 Argentina: National Congress Chamber of Deputies ..............................................................................19 Senate .......................................................................................................25 Bolivia: Plurinational Legislative Assembly Chamber of Deputies ..............................................................................30 Chamber of Senators ..............................................................................35 Botswana: National Assembly.................................................................................40 Bulgaria: National Assembly ...................................................................................44 Chile: National Congress Chamber of Deputies ..............................................................................50 Senate .......................................................................................................56 Comoros: Assembly of the Union............................................................................61 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: Supreme People’s Assembly.............66 Dominica: House of Assembly.................................................................................70 Ecuador: National Assembly ...................................................................................74 El Salvador: Legislative Assembly ...........................................................................79 Germany: German Bundestag .................................................................................83 Greece: Hellenic Parliament...................................................................................90 Haiti: National Assembly Senate .......................................................................................................94 Honduras: National Congress .................................................................................99 Iceland: Parliament................................................................................................105 India: Parliament House of the People ..............................................................................109 Indonesia: House of Representatives...................................................................117 Israel: Parliament....................................................................................................122 Japan: National Diet House of Representatives......................................................................127 Kuwait: National Assembly ....................................................................................134 Lebanon: National Assembly ................................................................................139 Chronicle 43 - January-December 2009 1 Table of Contents Liechtenstein: Diet ..................................................................................................145 Luxembourg: Chamber of Deputies ....................................................................150 Malawi: National Assembly ...................................................................................155 Maldives: People’s Majlis.......................................................................................159 Mexico: Congress of the Union Chamber of Deputies ............................................................................164 Micronesia (Federated States of): Congress .......................................................168 Montenegro: Parliament........................................................................................171 Mozambique: Assembly of the Republic.............................................................176 Namibia: Parliament National Assembly..................................................................................180 Niger: National Assembly ......................................................................................185 Norway: Parliament................................................................................................191 Panama: National Assembly .................................................................................196 Portugal: Assembly of the Republic......................................................................200 Republic of Moldova: Parliament.........................................................................205 South Africa: Parliament National Assembly..................................................................................217 Tunisia: Chamber of Deputies ............................................................................222 Uruguay: General Assembly House of Representatives......................................................................227 Senate .....................................................................................................231 Uzbekistan: Supreme Assembly Legislative Chamber..............................................................................235 2 Chronicle 43 - January-December 2009 Introduction INTRODUCTION The year 2009 recorded 48 direct parliamentary elections in 42 countries. An average of 72.10 per cent of the 1.3 billion registered voters turned out at the polls, an increase of 2.81 percentage points over 2008 based on data available. This confirmed recent trends in voter turnout. In India alone, 714 million registered voters were called to the polls over a five-week period. Most of the elections in 2009 took place in a generally calm atmosphere. Elections marked by the global economic crisis The global economic and financial crisis that rocked the world in 2008 and early 2009 played a major role in many of the elections in 2009. The effects of the crisis loomed large in election campaigns in Andorra, Botswana, Greece, Iceland, Mexico, Panama and Portugal, among others. In Iceland, street protests forced Prime Minister Geir Haarde of the Independence Party (IP) to resign in January 2009. Snap elections in April resulted in the first left-wing government in the country. For the first time in six decades, the IP was not part of the government. The October elections in Greece took place amid fears that the country's public debt would exceed 100 per cent of GDP in 2009. The Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) led by Mr. George Papandreou was voted into office at the expense of the incumbent government led by Mr. Kostas Karamanlis (New Democracy). In Panama, the opposition coalition, the Alliance for Change (APC), won both the parliamentary and presidential elections. Its presidential candidate, Mr. Ricardo Martinelli, was elected with nearly 60 per cent of the votes, up from his score of 5 per cent in 2004. Worries over the global crisis seem to have played in his favour. In Germany, where the automobile industry was severely affected by the crisis, Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democratic Union (CDU) abandoned the grand coalition with the Social Democratic Party (SPD), and formed a new coalition with the pro-business Free Democratic Party (FDP). In Portugal, which recorded its highest unemployment rate in 20 years (9.1 per cent) in 2009, the Socialist Party (PS) remained the largest party in parliament but failed to obtain an absolute majority, leading to the formation of a minority government. Early elections Twelve countries held elections prior to