188 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER-13,
By Mr. ERDMAN: A bill (H. R. 4672) for the relief of John SENATE. A. Haas-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Also, a bill (H. R. 4673J for the relief of the Berks County Agri WEDNESDAY_, December 13, 1893. cultural Society, of Berks County, Pa.-to the Committee on Claims. Prayer by the Chaplam, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. By Mr. HOLMAN: A bill (H. R. 4674) to increase the pension M. C. BuTLER, a Senator from the State of South Carolma, of David T. Stonebraker-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. appeared in his seat to-day. Also, a bill (H. R. 4675) to increasa the pension of Wells John The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. son-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. By Mr. HOUK of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 4676) for the re- lief of T. J. Wear-to the Committee on War Claims. . Mr. SHERMAN presented petitions of soldiers of the Jate war, Also, a bill (H. R. 4677) for the relief of Alexander L. Taylor citizens of Mount Victory, South Ridgeville, Edinburg. Ross to the Committee on Military Affairs. Co ll nty, Othwa County, and of J. C. Irwin Post, Grand 'Armv Also,_a bill (H. R. 4678) granting a pension to Thomas P. A. of the Republic, all in the State of Ohio, praving for an investi Leonard, of Sweetwater, Tenn.-to the Committee on Invalid gation of the Pension Bure:1u; which were referred to the Com Pensions. mittee on Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 4679) for the relief of Mrs. Sarah E. Cox-to Mr. CAMERON presented a petition or citizens of Pennsylva the Committee on War Claims. nia, praying for the enactment of such legislation as wilt secure Also, a bill (H. R. 4680) for 'the relief of James Currier-to the the enforcement of laws passed to carry into effect Articles XIV Committee on Military Affairs. and XV of the Constitution of the United States; which was re Also, a bill {H. R. 4681) for the relief or Joseph Lowe-to the ferred to the Committee on Privileges and Elections. Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. COCKRELL. I present the affidavit of Dr. H. W. La By Mr. POST: A bill (H. R. 4682) for the relief of Nancy E. tham, of Latham, Mo., in support of Senate bill No. 255, grant Day, administratrix of the estate of James L. Day, deceased-to ing a pension to John G. Hanna, private Company A, Forty-third the Committee on Claims. · Regiment Enrolled Missouri Militia. I move that the affidavit By Mr. RANDALL: A bill (H. R. 4683) for the relief of Com be referred to the Committee on Pensions, to accompany that modore Oscar C. Badger, United States Navy-to the Commit bill . tee on Naval Affairs. The motion was agreed to. By Mr. ROBBINS: A bill (H. R. 4684) for ·the relief of Flora REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. A. Darling-to the Committee on·-vrar Claims. By Mr. SMITH of Illinois (by request): A bill (H. R. 4685) for Mr. PEFFER, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was the relief of 'rhomas J. Spencer, late a captain Tenth United referred the bill (S. 901) for the relief of the owners of the States Cavalry-to the Committee on Military Affairs. schooner Henry R. rilton and of personal effects thereon, re By Mr. STRONG: A bill (H.4686J to correct the military rec ported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. ord of Alexander P. Magaan, of Battery H, Fourth United States Mr. STEWART, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was Artillery-to the Committee on Military Affairs. referred the bill IS. 223) for the relief of Isham T. Owen, of Mis By Mr. STORER: A bill (H. R. 4687)' granting a pension to souri reported it without amendment, and submitted a report Mrs. Catherine Elliott-to the Committee on Pensions. thereon. Also, a bill (H. R. 4688) authorizing the removal of the charge Mr. COCKRELL, from the Joint Commission of Congress to of desertion from the record of Hugh F. Elliott-to the Commit Inquire into the Status of Laws Organizing the Executive De tee on Military Affairs. pac> tments, to whom the subject was referred, submitted a report By Mr. WELLS: A bill (H. R. 4690) for the relief of Maurice thereon, accompanied by a bill (S.1260) to improve the methods Moriarty and grant him a pension-to the Committee on Invalid of accounting in the Post-Office Department, -and for other pur Pensions. poses; which was read twice by its title. By. Mr. DOCKERY: A bill (H. R. 4691) granting a pension to The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be placed on the Thomas J. Reid-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. ' Calendar. Mr. COCKRELL. It is the same as House bill4610, reported in the other House. . • - PETITIONS, ETC. Mr. PALMER, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (S.1051) for the relief ·of Jean Louis Legare, of Under clause 1 of Rule XXIT, the following petitions and pa the Dominion of C mada, asked to be discharged from its further pers were laid on the Clerk's desk, and referred as follows: comideration and th:1t it be referred to the Committee on Claims; By .Mr. BRECKINRIDGE of Arkansas: Memorial of William which was agreed to. H. Cayce, asking for thA passage of a bill relieving him from un Mr. PROCTOR, from the Committee on the District of Co lawful treatment of the St. Louis, Iron Mount':l,in and Southern lumbia, to whom was referred the bill (S. 444) making the sur Railway Company-to the Committee on Private Land Claims. veyor of the District of Qolumbia a salaried officer, and to pro By .Mr. BLACK of Georgia (by request): Petition, p:1pers and vide for more efficient service in the surveyor's office, reported summary report in the claim of John M. Boone, of Wilkinson it with amendments, and submitted a report thereon. County, Ga., against the United States-to the Committee on Mr. PASCO, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was re· War Claims. ferred the bill (S.326) for the relief of C. B. Bryan & Co., re By Mr. DALZELL: P etition of plate-glass worker.:; of Charle ported it without amendment. and submitted a report thereon. roi, P a., against change of duties on plate gla~s-to the Commit He also, feom the same committee, to whom was refe rred the t9e on Ways and Me:1ns. bill {S. 58) for the relief -of William Clift, reported it without Also, resolution of the Chamber of Commerce of Pittsburg, amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Pa., relative to creation of artificial-freshet navigation in the upper Ohio River-to the Committee on Rivers and Harbors. BILLS INTRODUCED. By Mr. GROSVENOR: Memorhl of the session of the Pres Mr. STOCKBRIDGE introduced a bill (S.l261)for the erection byterian Church of Arnesville, Ohio. favoring the repe:tl of the of a public building at Menominee, Mich.; which was re:1d twice Geary law; second to p .1ss the Sabb9.th-rest bill; third, to pass by its title. and referred to the Committee on Public Building3 a law respecting religion in the public schools; fourth, against an:l Grounds. the admission of Utah as a State; fifth to pass a law creating a Mr. POWER introduced a bill (S. 1262) for the relief of, Paul commission to investigate the liquor traffic: sixth. to pass a more McCormick: which was read twice by its title, and referred to stringent law prohibiting pauper and criminal immigration-to the Committee on Claims. the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Mr. VILAS introduced a bill (S.1263) to provide for the further By Mr. HARMER: Memorial of workingmen and other citi distribution of reports of the Supreme Court; which was read zens of Frankford, Philadelphia, Pa., protesting against the t wice by its title, and referred to the Comruittee on the Judi passage of the Wilson tariff bill-to the Committee on Ways ciwy. and Means. , He also introduced a bill (8.1264) to provide for the distribu· By Mr. RANDALL (by request): Proposal and plan of John tion of reports of the United States courts of appeals; which was C. McGowan for relieving the sewers 1md for disposing of the read twice by its-title, and referred to the Committee on the Ju- sewage of the cities of Washington and Georgetown, D. C. diciary. . _ to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Mr. CAMERON introduced a bill (S.1265) for the rel~ef of J ohn By Mr. W iSE: Certified copy of findings of fact and conclu Millen; which was read twice by its title, anc'l with the accompa· sions of law, Court of Claims, No. 15,607, William B. Isaacs et nying paper, referred to the Committea on Military Affairs. al against the United States-to the Committee on the Judici Mr. JONES of Arkansas introduced a bill (S.1266) to extend -ary. and amend an act entitled "An ac~ to authorize the Kansas and 1893 . . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 189
Arkansas Valley Railway to construct and operate additional A bill (H. R. 213) to pay for alley condemned in square num- lines of railway throug-h the Indian Territory, and for other bered 493, in the city of Washington, D. C.; · purposes," approved l!,ebruary 24, A. D. 1891; which was re:td A bill (H. R. 3 i29 ) to close alleys in square numbered 751, in twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Af the city of Washington, D. C.; fairs. A billlH. R. 401~) to release and turn over to Mrs. Mary 0. · Mr. BUNTON introduced a bill (S. 1267) authorizing- the at Augusta certain property in the District of Columbia; and tor ney for the District of Columbia and his assistants to admin A bill (H. R. 4571) to make service connections with water ister os.ths and -affirmations; which was read twice by its title, mains and sewers in the District of Columbia, and for other pur and referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. poses. Mr. COCKRELL (by request) introduced a bill (S.1268) grant The following bills were severally read twice by their titles, ing a pension to Calvin K. Bynum; which was read twice by its and referred to the Committee on Commerce: title, and w1th the accompanying paper, referred to the Com A bill (H. R. 156) for the establishment of a light and fOO"·sig- mittee on Pensions. nal station near Butler Flats, New Bedford, Mass.; o · He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 1269) granting a pen A bill (H. R. 411) to require steam ve~sels of tbe United States, sion to Christ Bueltemann; which was read twice by its title, of 1,000 tons or more, to have one engineer and helper on watch and. with the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee in tbeir engine rooms while under way, and to require all steam ori P1:3nsions. vessels of the United States, under steam for more than ten He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 1270) granting an in hours, to carry two licensed engineers; and crease of pension to Benjamin F. Catlett; which was re.-t d twice A bill (H. R. 4;414) to amend an act approved Septemb3r 4, -by its title, and, with the accompanying papers, referred to the 1890, authorizing the New Orleans, Natchez and Fort Scott Rail Committee on Pensh,ns. ro:td Company to construct two bridges across Boouf River, in Mr. COCKRELL. I ask unanimous consent that the Com Louisiana. mittee on Pensions may be discharged from the further consid , The bill (H. R. 108) to fix the times and places for holding the eration of the bill (S. 249) for the restoration of Zerelda Cobbs Federal courts in the State and district of Nebrask::t was read to the pension roll, and that the bill be indefinitely. postponed, twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on the as I desire to introduce a new bill on the subject. Judiciary. The PRESIDENT p'tO tempm·e. Tbe Committee on Pensions The bill (H. R. 894) for the relief of Robert Travila for loss will l:::e discharged, and the bill indefinitely postponed, in the of carbine in the late war was read twice by its title, and re absence of objection. ferred to the Committee on Claims. Mr. COCKRELL (by request) introduced a bill (S. 1271) for The bill (H. R. 356) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior the relief of Zerelda Cobb; which was read twice by its title, and to reserve from sale certain land in the abandoned Fort Cum referred to the Committee on Pensions. mings military reservation, and for other purposes, was read He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1272) granting a pen twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public sion to Gabrilla P. Moody; w hicb was read twice by its title, and Lands. referred to the Committee on Pensions. - MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1273) for the relief of Bernard J.D. Irwin; which was read twice by its title, andre A. message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. T. 0. ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs. TowLES, its Chief Clerk, announced that the House had p::tSsed He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1274) for the relief of a bill (H. R. 3246) for the anpointment of a sealer and assistant Henry J. Hewitt; which was read twice by its title, and referred ses.ler of weights and measures in the District of Columbia, and to the Committee on Claims. for other purposes; in which it requested the concurrence of the He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1275) for the relief of Senate. Michael Dittlinger· which was read twice by its title, andre ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. ferred to the Committee on Claims. The messZLge also announced that the Speaker of the House · He also (by request) introduced a bill (8.1276) to refer the had signed the enrolled'joint resolution (H. Res. 31) for the pro claim of David C. Allen to the Court of Claims; which was read tection of those parties who have heretofore been allowed to twice by its title, and, with the accompanying paper, referred to make entr~es for lands within the former Mille L a-e Indian Res the Committee on Claims. ervation in Minnesota; and it was thereupon signed by the Pres He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1277) for the payment ident pro temp ewe. of arre::trs of interest on Chickasaw trust funds; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Af DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION IN HAW Ali. fairs. The PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. The Chair lays before the He also (by request) introduced a bill (S.1278) granting a pen Senate a resolution coming over from a former day, which will sion tolsaac Gann; which was read twice by its title, and, with be read: the accomp3.nying papers, referred to the Committee on Pen The Secretary read the resolution submitted by Mr. HoAR on sions. the 11th instant, as follows: . He also (by request) introduced a joint r~~olution (S. R. 45) Resolved, That the President be requested to inform the Senate, if 'in his granting a medal to Bvt. First Lieut. A. Liebschutz; which opinion it be not inconsistent with the public interest, whether any person was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on whose name has not been submitted to the Senate for its advice and consent, Military Affairs. and if so, what person, has been appointe-d since the 4th day of March, 1893, to represent the United States in the Hawaiian Islands; and HUDSON RIVER BRIDGE. Whether such person ha-s been accreditEd to the President of the Execu tive and Advisory Council of the Hawaiian Islands; and Mr. GORMAN. I ask the Chair to lay before the Senate the Whether such person has been presented to the head of the Government action of the House of RepreEentatives upon the Hudson Rive1· of the Hawaiian Islands; and bridge bill. · Whether any, and if so what, authority has been given to such person touching the relations of this Government to the then existing or other gov Tbe PRESIDENT p 'tO tempore laid before the Senate the ac ernment of the Hawaiian Islands and the protection of American citizens tion of the House of Representatives on the bill (H. R. 3289 ) to therein; and . a,uthorize the New York and New Jersey Bridge Companies to Whether any discretion or power has been committed to such person to determine when the naval forces of the United States should be landed therein const :· uct and maintain a bridge across the Hudson River be or withdrawn therefrom; and tween New York City and the State of New Jersey, further in W!lether any authority has been committed to such person to use physical sisting on its disagreement to the amendments of the Senate to force in the territory of said Government, or to land an armed force there; and the bill and requesting-a further conference with the Senate on Whether such person has been authorized to, or has in fact corresponded the disagreeing votes of the two Houses thereon. in regard to the public affairs of the Government of the Hawaiian Islands Mr. GORMAN. I submit the conference report showing the with any private person, newspaper, or otherperiodical: or has been author ized-to, or has in fact undertaken to receive in said Hawaiian Islands the disagreement. _I move that the further conference requested testimony of any private person, or has requested or received writ-ten com by the House of Representatives be agreed to by the Senate. munications from any private person in regard to the lawful and existing The motion was agreed to._ . Government there. or the circumstances under which said existing Govern ment was established; or any other matt-er relating to the public affairs By unanimous consent, the President p1·o tempore was author thereof; and - ized to appoint the conferees on the part of the Senate, and Mr. . If any such appointment or authority has been made or given, further to VEST, Mr. GORMAN, and Mr. FRYE were appointed. mform the ~enate whether the same was made or given at a. time when the Senate was m session, or has continued in force during any session of the HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. Senate, or of Congress, or of any part thereof; and further Whether such appointment or authority was communicated to the Senate The following bills received yesterday from the House of Rep during ary session thereof; and fnrther resentatives were severally read twice by their titles, and re Whe.th~r any person has a'..ed, or undertaken to accept, the office of ~ ferred to the Committee on the District of Columbia: commissioner or public minister with the power aforesaid, or any of them, A bill (H. R.146) to extend North Capitol street to the Sol or has undertaken in any correspondence with the Government of Hawaii, or with any private person, to describe hiinseU as commissioner o:t tha diers' Home; United Stat.es. ·190 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECEMBER 13,
:Mr. GRAY. I do notsee the Senator ft·om Massachusetts[Mr. Mr. FRYE. But the message of the President was, of course, HoA.R] in his seat. As I understood from h1m yesterday, he is founded upon the documents to which the Senator refers. called away to-d ::> y by asocill engagement of some importance and Now, I do not know how far Blount·s report is before the Sen interest, and he then repeated his assent to an agreement that we ate. I do know it is before the country and before the House of hlld yesterday th::tt this matter should go to the Committee on Representatives in its entirety, and I do not sea that th9re is or Foreign Relations. I underotOt"d that it had been referred yes ought to be any delicacy about a reference to it. terday, but I see that was not the c •se. I was not in the ChJ.m I wish to s.1y, in relation to thatreport. thatinm:v judgment it ber. But as th'lt is the understwding, I move that the resolu is a most dangerous one on which any United St.1tes SenJ.tor can tion be rererred to that committee. afford to ro tke a f'erious attack upon the character of any private Mr. FRYE. The Senator will pardon me; it was postponed citizen of the United States. I affirm without hesitation that until this morning, because I desired to make a few remarks in Me. Blount in that reporthusnotwrittenone single unvarnished relation to the -resolution before it was referre~ to the commit line of truth, nor given one unprejudiced opinion, nor rendered tee. one impartial judgment. Mt•. GRAY. The .Senator understood the general agreement? 1\1r .. President, I as.:5ume that this is an attack upon our former Mr. FRYE. Yes, sir. minister, M.r. Stevens, that he has dishonored the flag, that he Ml'. GRAY. I have no objection, of course, and I withhold the has committed an act of piracy. Mr. Stevens was born in the / motion for the present. - · State of Mainesomethingoverseventy years ago. For more than Tile PRESIDENT pro tempore. The ~otion iB debatable. The forty years he h 3.S been a p ominent figure in our State. For Senator can make it or withhold it. more than forty years I have been intimately acquainted with Mr. GRAY. I withhold it for the present. him. For more than forty years the public eye of Maine has The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Maine is necessarily rested upon him. He has been during that period recognized by thA Chair. many times a member of both of our legislative bodies. Mr. FRYE. Mr. President, I do not ta.ke the floor for the For many ye 1rs he was the editor of the Kenn·e bee Journal, our purpose of discus ing th"E} Hawaiian question. It s~ems to me State p pee formerly edited for awhile by our late Seceetary of that we are not in a proper preparation for such discussion; th t State, Mr. Blaine. For more than thirteen years h e has repre for an intelligent one it is absolutely necessary there shall be a sented the United StJ.tes Government as a minister abroad, at thorough and complete ~nvestiga tion of the facts and a report Paraguay and Uruguay, at Sweden. and in the Hawaii 1nlslands. made to thls body. I am hoping that theCommitteeonFo ign He m:lde internatwnallaw a careful study, and for th:e under Reln.tions will make such investigation, and that after that is standing of it h e was prepa.red by a thorough education in early done I shall have an opportunity to address myself to the Senate life. He was f-tm.iliar with all the usages and requil'ements of -on til.e general subject. diplomacy. He was an antislavery Whig, and when the Re In the discussion that took olace day before yesterday the Sen pu blic.m party was born he neces3arily united his fortunes to that ator from Deld.ware [Mr. GRAY] made use of the following·lan party· and from that d y w this he h ts been an earnest, zealous gua~e: ad vocate of the principles of that party with his pen and on tbe H&- stump. Indeed, I know of no man who has hadomore to do with the atfairs of Maine publicly in the sa.me length of time than Mr. Referring to Mr. Bayard- Stevens. He is a man whose moral char.1.cter is without a stain. He merely gives voice to what rises na.turally in his patriotic heart, as it He is slow to m ~ke up his judgments and zealous in maintaining wou!d rise naturally, I believe, in the patriotic hea.rt (}f every American, that when the fiaa of the count.ryhas been used for the purposes of dishonor, them when made up. He is remarkable for his accuracy of state an.:i when the auchority and power and prestige of the United States have ment, a characteristic, I suppose, acquired largely as an editor; been made to covljr an act of piracy that th& wrong should in some way at and when Mr. Stevens m
Queen and the lottery and opium ring around her would obtain the assist "While we a.bstain from interfering with the!domestica.ftairs of Hawaii. in ance of tbe Japanese and other foreigners to rest<>re her to tbe throne, she accordance with the policy and practice ofthis Govern.ment, yet obstruction compensating them by granting them the right or suffrage and other favors, to the channels of legitime~ commerce under eA.L:!ting law must not be al whit.:h the Queen in her desperation readily would have promised to grant. lowed, and American citizens in Hawaii must b<> protected in their persons Fear and pJ.D.ic began to gain headway in the city. A riot was feared. Mil and property by the repr sentatives or their country's law ariel power, and lions or American PI operty and life and order were in peril. In these cir no internal discord must be su1l'ered to impair them." cumstances the only sure hope of safety was in the American naval force at These were the latest instructions to tne Unit~ ::ltates minister at Hono hand. Should the American reJ)resentative run the risk of anarchy and lulu, on fi.le at the lega.tion, for guidance iD. case of circlllllSta.nces precisely bloodshed when lt was certain he would be held rigidly responsible if ca like these which arose when the Hawaiian monar chy fell in January last. tastrophe and calamity should come? It was this pressure of necessity which It was the language of this dispatch which Capt. Wiltsao! the Boston had compelled the American representative to act with promptness and vigor. for his instruction.. _ Tbese were the reasons wntch led the ProviSional Government to ask our l'he essential objects to be accomplished by raising the flag were gained assistance, and these rea ons are known to the American public. But there during the seventy-five days its bright, s r.a.rry folds were before the p eople were other potemial reasons which pressed upon me. For nearly half a of Hawaii. The Provisional Government had secured the necessary time century our Government h ad claimed righ~ and interests in the Hawaiian to or !>anize an efficient police and military !orce, to substitute reliable o.lll islands superior to any other foreign nations. Repeatedly there have been cialsm place of the unreliable, and toconsolidaMthenewGovernment,with attempts to induce our Government to agree to dual or tripartite responsi tht' approval or the best and responsible man of aJl the islands. That coun bilities at Honolulu. John M. Clayton, Secretary under President Taylor, try now has the best Government it h.a.~ ever had, administered by men of repelled this forty-three years ago, and such has been our policy stnce. It intelligence, education, and e:harac:ter, a.nd as thoroughly American in sym was well known to me that this idea of joint action had not been given up, pathv and in interest as we have at the head o::t any ol our American States but was still insist~d on by one. if not two foreign representatives at Hono and Territories. lulu. There was one Japanese warve sel in the harbor. and another power ful ironclad-larger than the Bo ·ton-had been telegraphed !or. I knew the So much for the charge of dishonoring · the flag. I thank En.~lish war ship was soon expected. I had reason to think, and the Pro IIeaven that no citizen of Maine ordered it hauled down, and I Visional Government had reason to fear, that these foreign representatives compliment the admiral who did that in his dispatoh he says: would insist on the same right to land their naval forces which we had ex ercised. We were five thousa-nd miles from Washington. with no cable I do it in obedience to the orders of Commissioner Blount. from Honolulu to San Francisco, and the long space be.wuen mad stea.mers I have no doubt that it may become necessary to drag Minis would not ~rmit commnnica.tlng with our Government and onr receiving an answer in less tban three weeks. ter Stevens down. I have had reliable informatic:1 since I came We knew not theu that .Ashmead Bartlett, in the English House of Com into the Senate this morning which says that- mons. had asked the Gladstone Ministry whas it had done or would do rela The purpose of the Administration is to eharge that Stevens was a party tive to Em~lli h interes at Honolulu, and that Lord Grey.in behalf or the to corruption, employed to drag down the Queen's government and estab English ministry had answered thatit would trust tne American Government lish the revolutionary government. to protect English life and prope, ty in Hawaii. We didknowthatthe atti· tude of the Engli hminister at Honolulu was qUite otberw1sefrom this-that That does not amaze me. he till wishe..t to have joint responsibility with the American minister as Mr. GRAY. Will the Senator read that again? to the landing of troop and the maintenallce ot public order a.t Honolulu. Iwa.s therefore compelled to decide whether I would risk the danger of a. Mr. FRYE. It reada: practical abandonment o! the long-ma.intainedAmericanpolicy of nonjoint The purpose of th~ Administration is to charge that Stevens was a party responsibility in Hawaiian aJ'ra.irs. To thus sm·render in practice what we to corruption, employed to drag down the Queen's government and estab had long claim~ d I knew well. would prove me unfit to be an American rep lish the reYolution.ary government. ...__ reE-entatlve. Here were dimculties which could be e1l'ectively and conclu sively overcome only in one way; that was by raising the fl.ag over the Mr. GRAY. Mr. President, does the Senator make that Government building as a. symbr>l of om superior right to protect the charge? Hawaiian Government. This would net only pTevent all the danger of · Mr. FRYE. I say I am informed upon what I regard as reli riot and bloodshed, but would shut out the lan ding of any other naval force except olll' own. Capt. Wiltse saw this as -soon and as clearly as I did. able authority that that is the purpose. That is what I said. I With an America.n heart loyal to the core, con.t~cientious, firm, self-possessed did not make the charge myself. · fully aware of the grave responsibility of the act. he was prompt to rto hi Mr. GRAY. Will the Senator give 'his authority,or is he not duty. The officers under his comm and were as intelligent and loyal as the•r own veteran commander. The following are the words read by Lieut. Rush at liberty to do so:' of the Boston, on the steps of the government building simultaneously with Mr. Fl:<.YE. I am not at libert-y to give the authority. I will raising the fiag, which was immediately published by post-ers and in the s-ay for mys-elf th.a.t I am fully prepared to see any method re newspapers; "'1:0 THE liAW AllAN PEOPLE. sorted to to drag- Mr. Stevens down. I will say that tor myself. _ Whether money was or was not expended by the revolutionists uAt the request of the ProVisional Government or the Hawailan Islands! hereby, in the name of the Umtetl Stat es of America, assume protectwn ·of I do not know, but as to any ch ... rge that M i'. Stevens, our min the Hawaiian I slands !lJr the protection of life and property and occupation iste t', had any participation in corrupt practices to remove one of public buildings and H awaiian soil, so ta.r as may be necessary :for the govemmen t and cr ea.t~ another, I feel able to say I do know that purpose :specified, out not interfering with the administration of public af· !airs by the Provisional Government. there is not one word of truth in it, and it would require an im "This action is taken pending and subject to negotiations at Washington. mense amount of evide :ce. infinitely bett.et• than any that has yet "JOHN L. STEVENS, been sent from Hawaii to the Secretary of St.!te, to convince the "Envoy E::drao1·dinary and Minister Pten£potentiary of the Umtea states. people of Maine t.hat such a cha:·ge can be sustained. "UNITED STATES LEGATION, Fel»'uat•y 1, 1893. "Approved and executed by As to the pir-acy, I wish to put in the R ECORD in reference to "G. C. WILTSE, that a statement of our late minister M-r. Stevens, prepared with " Captain, United States Navy, great care. I regard it as important "that it shall be in the "Commanding the United b't atu ship Boston." RECORD, so that in .future discussions we may have his state It. will oo observed that the plain intent or this little document is nonin ments to which reference may be made. Mr. Stevens says: • t&!erence with the sovereignty of Hawaii-that it claimed to establish only a qualitled and limited protect<>rate. ana instead of infringing on the sover A deep sense or obligation to my ,c.ountry and an American's duty to de· eignty of the country, it was a. response to tbe onlv government or the f~nd an in ult-e.d. threatened, and struggling American colony, planted as islands to aid in maintaining its own sovereignty. The salutary effect of nghteously and firmly on the North Pacific isles as onr Pilgrim Fathers es thus raising the flag was imme
It is well to state here that this landing of American forces in Honolulu In a report to the Navy Department, dated January 16, Capt. Wiltse, after bad repeatedly taken place in a period running over many years. This hap announcing the fact that the forces had been landed, says: pened in 1!rt4, in 1887, in 1889, and was on the eve of being done on several "While there has been no demonstration so far, there can be no doubt that ot.her occasions. Several times prior to the events of J-anuary last I had the prompt landing of the battalion has saved life and property." been notified by the representatives of the Queen to be in readiness to re The request of Minister Stevens, upon which the captain act-ed, read as ceive a request to land our na.val force. Repeatedly had our naval com followe: manders during my o.ffi.cial residence in Honolulu got everything in readi "UNITED STATES LEGATION,Janua?'Y 16,1893. ness to land, on information as to signs of danger which they and theiro.ffi.cers "In view of the existing critical circumstances in Honolula, indicating an bad gat.hered by being in close touch with the then existing state of things. inadequate legal force, I request you to land marines and sailors from the The elements and forces of Hawaii in play in 1887, 1889, and in 1893 were ship under your command for the protection of the United States legation and are essentially the same, the breadth and strength of the prevailing and the United States consulate and to secure the safety of American life elements and forces in 1893 being more decisive than in the former periods. and property. · - Those who assert to the contrary are not honest, else they do not understand " JOHN L. STEVENS_ what they have written about. To say that the overturn of the Hawaiian "To Capt.. WILTSE, U.S.N." monarchy was bogus, a mere scare, is as absurd as would be the claim of those who might assert that the fall of Louis Phillipe in 1818 and of Louis The order of Capt. Wiltse to Lieut. Commander Swinburne, who com Napoleon in 1!:!71 was an illusion and a fraud. manded the naval battalion on shore, reads as follows, under the same date: Blount squarely asserts that !promised to aid the committee on safety by "You will take command of the battalion, a.nd land in Honolulu for the force. This is emphatically and categorically untn1e. In reply to rival par purpose of protecting our legation and the lives aad property of American ties at di!rerent times, whether the representatives of the Queen or her op citizens, and to assist in the preservation of public order. Great prudence ponents, my answer was always the same, that the force would not land must be exercised by both officers and men, and no actlon taken that is not until danger should be plainly imminent. and then only to protect American fully warranted by t.he condition of affairs, and by the conduct of those who life and property, and to no one did I ever hint that I could, or would, recog may be inimical to the treaty rights of American citizens. You will inform nize any but the rte facto government, whether monarchical or republican, me at the earliest practicable moment of any change in the situatiou." and as I said in my letter to Secretary Gresham, I here reaffirm that royal Mr. Blount's shamefully unfair attempt to cast suspicion on myself in the ists and their opponents had equal access to the legation and to its o.ffi.cial matter of the hall for the men of the Boston, on the first evening: of their head. The best answer to the baseless charge that I promised to use for~ landing, I have answered in my letter to Secretary Gresham. I will repeat against the Queen is the order of Capt. Wiltse to his o.ffi.cers and his men, my language here. " To remain passive," and that no force was used, though the Queen, After I had made my request to Capt. Wiltse to land his men as a precau through her ministers, strongly requested it hours before the Provisional tionary safeguard to American life and property, he and his omcers informed Government was recognized by me and all the other diplomatic representa me that their.men must have shelter for t~e night. Without special infor tives in Honolulu. mation in that regard, I had supposed that the ship's marines had tents of One of the most striking evidences of Blount's prejudiced, ex parte, and un their own for their customary use in case of emergency on shore. I at once warranted statements is the following: "A meeting of the committee of wrote a note and sent it by messenger to secure a large hall that was sup safety held that night, January 16, at the house of Henry Waterhouse, next posed to be available. Themaninchargeof the hall was several miles away. door to Minister Stevens's house, determined on the dethronement of the I had not known of the existence of the Arion Hall until that evening. when Queen, and selected omcers." a messenger with my note was sent to the supposed agent of the Arion Hall, The intent of the author of this language is obvious on its face. He wished who was a royalist. He returned me a courteous answer, saying he would it to be understood that this meeting was held near my residence for the be pleased to let the hall for the specified purpose, but he had ceased to be the purpose of easy access to, and in collusion with, the United States minister. agent, informing me who had then charge of the hall. · This required a third What are tile facts? Henry Waterhouse is an English merchant of wealth, note and a third effort of the messenger, which proved successful. So much of recognized character tor integrity, intelligence, _and of the most exem time had been thus consumed that the Boston's marines and sailors were plary life. He has resided in the islands since early childhood, and is now a obliged to stand weary hours in the streets before they were able to go to member of the Provisional Government. Though living so near me, he their night quarters. All of them would have been lodged at t·he legation rarely talked Ha.waiian political affairs with me, though he could but sup· and consulate but for want of room, where as many as possible were re pose that my private convictions must be in harmony with the prevailing ceived, these localities being several street:: and squares !rom the palace and views of all respectable .\.m.ericans as to what had been going on in the is Government building. For the occupation of Arion Hall by the men of the lands for months. Of this meeting atthehouseo!Henry Waterhouse, speci Boston the committee of public safety and supporters of the Provisional fied by Blount, I had no hint or knowledge at the time it was held, knew not Government had no more responsibility than Secretary Gresham himself. of whom the meeting was composed, nor what was its action, and my first information as to the persons assembled at that meeting I obtained from Now, let me say right here, there is elsewhere an intimation Blount's report. · that the Arion Hall, occupied by the marines, was very close to It is proper for me to say here that for three years prior to the Queen's coup d'etat and fall, I had kept myself as thoroughly informed as possible as the palace of the Queen, and that their guns were literally to the views, plans, and purposes of the several factions and parties that trained on the palace. In relation to that, I wish to say that the contended for controlinHawaiianpolitical affairs. This was my imperative opera house is the house occupied in the former revolution by duty as a minister, and it was equally my duty to keep the State Depart ment at Washington well informed as to all facts bearing on the actual sit our troops, and that fa~es the palace, the palace being a consid uation. This necessarily compelled me to hold conversations with the best erable distance off; that at that time it was fired into, and con informed persons of the reform party, the Queen's party, and with the Wil sequently the owners would not allow the troops to ba placed in cox and native Hawaiian party whose organized efforts for months was to induce or compel the Queen to break with her paramour, Marshal Wilson, that building at the recent revolution. The hall Arion is in the whom they regarded a foreigner, who was born in Tabiti, of native mother rear, some distance from the large opera house, and the palace and an English father, and who was veryobjectionabletothenative Hawaii is not in sight of the hall at all. The guns could not be trained ans, who believed Wilson stood between them and their sovereign, and who they well knew largely dictated at the palace. I was certainly as well in from there on the palace by any possibility. formed of the views and plans of the royalists as I was of tho
,/ 1B93. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 195
markable address by.-saying that he and his colleagueB-weretheTe with a reommittee d the Ann.exati-on Club, -organized to ·annex to Christianize the Hawaiian people. They have Christianized those is-lands to the United States., with -that distinct and .only them out of their country; they have 1mrsu.ed the old New Eng- purpose, and "tendered ~ Mr1 Blount, a furnished house, with - la.nd fashion 1:>f t:tking possession in the name -oi God, and then servants and equipage~ :at any cost, from · ~thing up. That is dividing out under laws made by themselv·es. [L1.ughter.] the -distinct -charge, and I quote i'l~ h.rec vetba. It is not a .question between Mr. Bloan t and Mr. Stevens; it is Mr. President, that was not only unseemly and undignified minimizing the issue to bring here any such -personal question. conduct, but -ou-trageous conduct on the part of the minister ·oi I do not know Mr. Stevens; he may be -all his friend the Sen the United St!ttes. He says that he was neutral between these ator from Maine paints him to be, a godly, saintly, unexception f ctions, ·that he simp~y represented the people of .the United a.ble1 Christian gentlemau. Irl.o not question it, nor do I care any Statesandoar n3.tional glor_y and honor. W i:is that consistent thing about it. I propose to -treat him as I should any .other with the idea of his going out with a committee from the An witneES who brought .himseJl into court and demanded my vote nexation Club, the .head o£ ·one of these factions,·and attempting upon his evidence. to take possession -of the agent of the United States, the com I do know Mr. Blount. While I am not here flo defend him missioner who came there upon this specific and identical busi for I should treat him in the s.<1Ille way :as 1\fr. . Stevens-almost ness? What ordinary jw·or trying :a case of ?neum et t·uum in a twenty years oiintimate knowledge of James H. Blount author circuit court would doubt the animus of a witness, even in a izes me to state in the most public-and emphatic manner that a matter of dollars and cents, with this testimony before him? purer man, .publlcly and privately, never has appeared_upon the But Mr. Stevens undertakes to answer that specifically, and I arena of American politics. For twenty years he was the hon want to hold him now to his answer, not technically-for I am ored representative of one of the great States of the South; the dealing with him in the most liberal and catholic spirit, giving calcium iight of public opinion and partisan maliee shone upon him the benefit of every doubt. What is his answer? I will him by day and night, and I defy any man living to bring here ask the Secretary to read it, and I will ask the Senate, as these one shadow upon his~ha-racter. He has his ·opinions; like every words .come from the desk, to recollect Mr~ Blount·s charge, and .affirmative man and every man who..is worthy of the name, but see what Mr. Stev-ens says to Mr. Blount's statement. that anything h.e says is deliberately false, that anything in Jlis The PRESIDINGOFFICER(M .PLATT in the chair). With career justifies the Senator from M:rine to 'Stand here and with out objection the Secretary will read -as requested. his aggressive voice declare that there is not one word of ·.truth The Secretary :read as follows.: in his report, I distinctly .and emphatically deny. Ul\"'DE:& ROYAL ESPIONAG-E . .He needs no de..eense from me. The .Americ-m -people, ::md A .total stranger, it was impossible for Mr. Blount to know how unfitting especially the Southern people., .know James H.. Blount. If he had it was for him to take up ·his quarters where 'he was certain to be surrounded been :a dishonest mm, long .ag-o would .his reputation have b .2 en byToya.lists, and where the_:mpporters or the .Previsional Government would torn t::> tatws, fo.r he ha:s oce.upied the most p-rominent commit be reluctant to go. The hot-el was kept by one who had served as Kalakana.'s chamberlain, who was one of the princi.Pal .Persons in a syndicate that had tee positions in the .Ronse.o£ Represe.nt3..tives.; ~in and again cheated the Hawaiian Government aut ·m nearly $100,000, a transaction his people have returned him, and ev-en the partisan press found v.hich ..M.inister Merrill .had o.lficially re-por: ed ·to Secretary Bayard, .a.n.d no flaw in his .record, and he left ·public life voluntar-..i1y, and not this mam was-the leading member o1 a :firm that sought to do its chief b:.lSi ness with England, a thoroughly unprincipled ·opponent or the Provisional coerced into :retirement~ Government and of American predominance in the islands. He emplqyed My friend from South Ca-rolina [.M::r. BUTLER] suggests in -that as his :active assi.s:tll.ntin manag:ing:the hotel allighly educat-ed Englishman, eonnection-andit is..sirnply uustk!e to Mr~ Bl-ount and hls Sta:te oi .disrevutable charactel; who had written ill the H-awaiian British news· pape:-. under anonymous signature, articles abusive or the United States that in the .article which the Senator from M.alne was kind and grossly Ialsifying our Government's treatm-ent a! the Indians. enough to read us fr-om his fr..i-en.d .Mr. Stevens .he cllarges .Mr. Residing at-t-hat hotel, Mr. Blount was under the constant espionage or Blaun..t with being a diplomatic :neophyte. who kn-ew nothing the -pa.lace advent.ur.ers. .As .a. precantiomn:y·sa.tegard against "thus ·shutting out the Americans 'from ready access to "Commissioner Blount, a w,ealt.hy about the relation.c; of this Government with foreign nations. and a highly respectable widow lady of ·the America.n·oolony was cr-eady to Mr. .Blount w.as chairman :Of the -committee nn Foreign ..Rela grant the use of her house to Mr. and 'Mrs. Bloun:t, the com:mi.ssioner toJ)ay tions in the pDl>ular branch rii Congresa., and dischm'ged his the same a.mountJt would costhim tolive.a.t theroya.listhotel. Thisptlva.te hous.e was sttuatea. ne-a;r the 'Oni'ted States legation, jn thB JJ:Uarter of the dnties,so:far.as I know, with the greatest ance-p.tability to his city whe-re annexationists ana reyal:is't:s -could ha.ve unobstructed .access t.o constituents and to the .country at lar-ge~ and for this :Saintly gen the commissioner, zna. h~ co.uld .conv-eni.Bntl.Y .a.v.all llimsetl or the legation tleman from New Engbtnd., i\V ho has been cano.nired here by the records TJris polite·olfeT oi "SJl :A.m.mi.c3.n:resiil.e1It to an American commis sioner .did no:t originate-w.i:th the Prov.i!::ional G.ovemm.ent., 1l.OT .did 'the .Pro Senator from Maine, to denounce a. Represen~ative who for v:islonal Government hav.e :an;ythlng wha.tever to :do w.ith the ;proposed :a-r twenty years has served ii11 the Congress of the United States as rangement. a neophyte in diplomaey is sim:ply another ·specimen -of that The etrort il!t his report lio cast im-putation nnllie Provisionl:il Government .and myself as to the otrer d1' the American house 'to an Amencan .commis godly arrogance which we have always heard from that quarter sioner will be est.ima.ted at its true value by the American public. of this country. '[Laughter.] N-ow, tm the testimony of M:r~ S+..e-vens. Frmnthe beginning Mr. VEST. Y.es, Mr1 President, i:t will be estimated at its to the end ·Of it you ca.n see but one animus, and that is .his de t~ue -value. I undertake .to ·say now i.ha:t Mr. Stevens has not teTmined effort to annex the Hawaiian Islands to the United denied tb.e statement of Mr. Blount, and lle knows that he n:as States. Every l.ine, every word, and every syllable is alive with n-ot deni-ed it. Wh:rtis bis ans~rnrto -:the specific :allegati
/ 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 197
whole number of persons appointed or recognized by the President, with min E. GreQn, June 13, 1849, appointed by the President as out the concurrence or advice of the Senate, or the express authority of CongreEs, as agents to conduct negotiations and conclude treaties, is 438. special agent in Haiti ann the Dominican Republic, to conclude Three have been appointed by the Secretary of State and 32 have been ap a treaty of commerce with Haiti and the Dominican Republic. pointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate . . The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hourof 2o'clock having ar •It will be seen that an interval of 53 years, between 1827 and 1880, occurred during which the President did not ask the consent of the Senate to any rived, the morning hour has expired. such appointment. Mr. MILLS. I ask unanimous consent that the Senator from ~ The following important appointments and many others were made when Missouri be permitted to conclude his remarks. the Senate was in session: , March 2, 1793.-David Humphries, By Washington. Commissioned pleni Mr. VEST. I desire to occupy only a few minutes more. I potentiary to treat with Algiers. Congress adjourned on that day. beg- pardon of the Senator from Vermont [Mr. MORRILL]. January 26, 1832.-Edmund Roberts. By Jackson. Commissioner to treat Mr. MORRILL. Very well. with Cochin China and Siam. Congress in session. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Chair hears no objection. May 3, 1~.-Nathaniel Niles. By Van Buren. Special agent to negotiate treaty with Sardinia. Congress in session. The Calendar will be considered as having been laid before the March 28, 1846.-A. Dudley Mann. By Polk. Special agent to treat with Senate, and the Senator from Missouri will proceed by un3.nimous sundry states of Germany. Congress in session. The constitutional power or the President to select the agents through consent. whom he will conduct such business is not affected by the fact that the Mr. VEST. June 15, 1850, A. Dudley Mann was appointed Senate is or is not in session at the time of such appointment, or while the special agent to the Swiss Confederation, to conclude with the negotiation is being conducted; or the fact that he may prefer to withhold, even from the Senate, or from other countries, the fact that he is treating Swiss Confederation a treaty "concerning all matters and sub with a particular _power, or on a special subject. jects interesting to both nations." Mr. Mann, as well as these The ::.ecretrservice fund that Congress votes to the Department of State other gentlemen, let it be understood, occupied no diplomatic annually is that from which such agents are usually paid. That is the most important reason for such appropriations. position, but were appointed by the President and Secretg,ry of The following is a summary of Appendix C: State from private life in order to perform these delicate func Persons appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate: tions. 1792. William Carmichael, William Shott, to treat with Spain. 1794. John Jay, to treat with Great Britain. Again, James B. Bowlin was appointed by the President, wit.h 1794. Thomas Pinckney, to treat with Spain. out the consent of the Senate, to conclude a tre3.ty with New 1796. Rufus King, to treat with Great Britain. Granada with reference to a transit across the Isthmus of Pan 1797. John Q. Adams, to treat with Prussia. . 1797. John Q. Adams, to treat with Sweden. ama. 1797. C. C. Pinckney, John Marshall, Elbridge Gerry, to treat with France. I have read out of this list of over three hundred and eighty 1798. John Q. Adams, to treat with Sweden. only those who at the time of their appointment held no diplo 17!!9. Rufus King, to treat with Russia. 1799. Oliver Ellsworth, Patrick Henry, and William Van Murray, to treat matic .or offici raising your rille against the Government, no personal abuse of The Secretary read as follows: , the Pre~ident or anybody else will suffice on this issue. We The United States na-ve regarded the existing atrtllorities in the Sandwich 'intend to know whether you mean that the Government of the Islands as a. Government suited to the conditi-on or the people, and resting United States shall trample underfoot its traditions, its history, on their own choice; a.nd the President is o! opmion that the interests of all the teachings of its greatest men, and go out upon diplomatic commercial nations require that that Government should not be interfered with by foreign powers. Of the ve sels which vMt the islands, it is known raids throughout the world for the purpose of interfering with that the great majority belon~ to the United States. The United States, the internal and domestic affairs of other people. therefore, are more interested m the fate oi the islands and of their Govern Mr. President, I deal with this matter in entire frankness, ment than anyotbernatlon can be; and this consideration induces the Pres· ident to be quite willing t-o declare, as the sense or the Government ot the and I have no disposition to conceal my dissent from one ex United States, that the Government of the SandWich Islands ought to be re· pression which has been published .in the press as coming from spected; that no power ought either to take po session of the islands as a the Secretary of State in regard to the policy of this Govern conquest or for the purpose o.l' colonlza.tion. and that no power ought to seek for any undue control over the existing Government, or any exclusive priv ment as to Liliuokalani. ileges or preferences with ltin matters of comm e r~ . (Mr. Webster, Secre· As I understand the condition of affairs in Hawaii to-day, the tary of Stat-e, to Messrs. Haalilio and Richards, December 19, 184t; 6 Web Provisional Government is a dejacto government. As I under ster's Works, 478.) Owing to their loca.lity and to the course or the winds which :prevail in this stand international law, adejactogovernment has all the rights, quarter of the world, the SandwiC'.h Islands are the stopplUg pla.ce for so far as other nations are concerned, of a de}ure government. almost all vessels passing from continent to continent across the Pacific Whether that Government ba established rightfully or wrong Ocean. They are especially resorted t.o by th.e great number s of vessels of the United States which are engaged in the wb.ale fishery in those seas. The fully it is to-day a de facto government, and any assault upon it number of vessels of all sorts and the amount of propel'ty owned by citizens by armed force on the part of the United States or any other or the United Stat-es which a.re tound in those islands 1n the course of a year country must be an act of war which can alone be brought about are stated. probably with sutll.cient accuracy, in th.e letter of thfl agents. "Just emerging from a. state of barbarism, the Government of th.e islands by J;he action of Congress. is as yet feeble; but its dis:positions appear to be just and pacific, and it I do not understand that Mr. Gresham, the Secretary of State, seems anxious to improve the condition of its people by the introduction of meant that armed force would be employed. He is an eminent k-nowledge, of religious and moraJ.inst1tutions, means or education, and the jurist. He has just come from the bench. arts of civilized lite." · After sta.ting his pr.ofound conviction, in which I share, that Mr. HOAR. I have been absent on a private engagement dur the Provisional Government is the result_of a mercenary con ing a great part-of the Senator's speech, very much to my re spiracy on the part of~ few adventurers and that a majority of gret. As I came in I understood he was reading from what pur the people of the Hawaiian Islands do not participate in it, he ported to be the instructions to Mr. Blount. May I ask him simply puts a hypothetical question, whether under the plainest from what source he obtained the instructions.? principles of equitable jurisdiction it would be our duty as a Mr. VEST. As t~ey were published in the newspapers and great people to redress the wrong, if it had been committed, and as Mr. Stevens rephed to them. restore the status q-u,o. Mr. President, if the Senate will indulge me for a single min When the papers come in answer to the resolutionofthe Sen ute I will give a summ ry for what it is worth, based upou a ator from Massachus ~tts we shall know, I trust, what instruc careful examination of the testimony, in so far as I could obtain tions were given to Mr. Willis. If it shall turn out that those it, in regard to the Hawaiian controversy. It is a summary of instruction-3 were to restore the Queen by armed force, no one my conclusion, whether from a nonpartisan standpoint or not will deprecate it and no one will resist the doctrine to any ex I shall leave others to determine. If I had the power I would tremity more than myself. withdraw every shadow of U.aited States authority from the I repeat that it would be an act of war; a;nd it seems to me im Hawaiian Islands, except in so far as it was necessary to protect possible that the Secretary of State and the President of the under international law the property and persons ol American United States should have come to the conclusion that without citizens legitimately residing there. I would leave the oppos the action of Congress they coultfdo any such thing. But as I ing factions to settle the question of sovereignty for themselves. understand the position of the Administration now as given in There can be no solution oi this question so absolute and de the instructions to Mr. Blount, which I have read, it is simply terminate as that which would then be had between the adher a. repetition and affirmation of the time-honored doctrine of our ents of Queen Liliuokalani and the Provisional -Government. country in eve y Admini ·tration, that we &hoold not interfere in The doctrine of the United States through all our history has the domestic affairs of other peopleJ but content ourselves with been that the people sh-ould determine their own government the plain right of every nation to protect the property and per not the educated J?eople, not the titled people, not the opulent sons of its citizens who are residing in a 1oreign country for people, but, under God, the people, rich and poor, high and low. legitimate ends. I would leave it to the people of those islands of all classes who Now, Mr# President, in conclusion I do not think that under are legitimate residents there and citizens to determine this any possible circumsts.nces, under any contingency, could I be question for themsel ve.s. For our Government now to put back induced to chmge my sat tled conviction that the people of the this woman upon the throne if the Provisional Government be Hawaiianlslandshavenot been consulted in-regard to this move- de tact{) is an act of war, and.I will not believe that the Presi· , ment. I h a.ve no doubt tb.s.t the presence of the United States dent has contemplated it. For us to take part with the Provi marint3s in Honolulu is a sufficient military argument to bring sional Government is to give proof that the military authority of about anything. I have no cpuestion th~t the large majority of this Government is to be used in a doubtful issue by turning the the n formation that was conveyed in the minoriiy report of the Com- the session of the Senate a special agent to Japan, Muscat, and mittee on Foreign R~lations made by the distinguished Senator Siam to negotiate concerning all matters relating to navigation from Alabtrna[Mr.MORGAN] in 1883 in ree-ard to what was then and commerce. called the fisheries treaty, and as to the negotiation of which In 1~20, February 22, Charles S. Todd was appointed _during the same ob ootion was strenuously made that is made now-that the session of the Senate confidential a~ent to obtain informa the commissioners associated by President Cleveland with th-e tion concerning the condition of affairs 1n Venezuela and New Secretary of State to negotiate that treaty were appointed dur- Granada and their relations w!th Spain. All these a-ppoint ing the sefsion of the Senate without its advice and consent. ments were made of course without the advice and consent of The draitsm:m of that minority report, the distinguished Sen- the Senate. All the persons so appointed were agents to obtain a tor from Alabama. in l'eferring to the contention of the majority information~ and I need not say, of course, to any intelligent per of the committee that that was an unlawful and unconstitution:U son that information is not usually obtained without communi aet, cited 438 precedents of the appointment of diplomati{} .agents cation with those capable of giving it. to negotiate treaties, some of whom. most of whom, perhaps, In 182!, April21, Thomas N. Mann was sent during the Ees were appointed d~·ing the re?ess of the Senat-e, many ol whom sion of the Senate, without the advice and consent of the Senate, we1-eappointeddurmg the session of the Senate, and some of those an agent to Guatemala, "to obtain information relative to the who were appo~nted during th~ recess of ~he Senate continued state and prospe-cts of the country situated in South America to ~xercise the1r powers long after a sess10n of the Senate had which -appears to have established the separate Government of occurred without any new appointment being sent in. Guatemala, whether they promise the establishment of its sepa- l wish met'ely to add to that liat then reported to the Senate rate independent existence." and contained ill one of the Senate documents a list I have made In 1812, April 10, D. B. Mitchell, who was then govel'nor of of diplomatic agents for oth-er '(>urpo5es than for those oi nego- Georgia, was an agent appointed by the President, without the tiating treaties appointed by the President without the advice advice and consent of the Senate, and during the session of the and consent of th-e Senate. Some of these were appointed du.r- Senate"' "to restore to Spain Amelia Island and other parts of ing the session. Some of them, as I said in regard to the other East Florida taken by Gen. Matthews, contrary to the spirit of list1 we. e appointed during the recess but continued to exercis-e instructions; but to defeat any attempt of the British forces to their functions after the Senate met, no new appointment being enter said territory." I have not consulted the records of that sent in., their appointment not being treated as among those time, .and I Q.o not know wheth-er there was then any suggestion which under the Constitution, when made during the recess of of the impeachment ol President Madison for that appointment . . the Senate, require a new appointment. I will refer now to the In 1818, February 1, William Taylor was appointed during the list, and that is all I wish to do, in ordel' that itmay go into the session of the Senate special agent to obtain redress for the -con REcoRD for th-e inspection of Senators who are interested in this fisc.1tion of property of American citizens in Hayti. mattet·. In 1190, August 11-- In 18"21, January 30, Edward Wyer was appointed, during the Mr. HOAR~ I desire to say to the Senator from Delaware session of the Senate, diplomatic agent to obtain indemnity for that if this matter is going into the RECORD I think I ought to all lawful claims against the Dominican Government. talre a minute or two at le3. st, although I do not know how ab- In 18'22, December 13, William McRee was appointed, durino· solutely_ applicable it is to the sabject of the resolu1;i-on. H-ow- · the session of the Senate, agent and commissary to Japan. o ever, I dislik-e ·very much to interf-ere with the Senator from In 1811, January ~ George Matthews and· J ohn M-cKee were Vermont fMr. MORRILL]. I suggest to the Senator from Dela- appointed commissioners under the act ol' January 15, 1811, to ware to -postpone the conc1usion of his rem-arks until the Senator take tempm·ary possession amicably, if possible, forcibly if any from VeTIIlont has spoken. Oth-erwise it will leave us in an suspicion -existed of armed interference by some other power, awkward position. ofEa.st and West .Florida. Mr. MORRILL. Let the resolution go -Qver until to-m-orrow. I merely wish to add (and I shall not detain the Senator from Mr. GRAY. I wish to put this matter in the REcoRD) because Vermont longer in order to read them) there will be found in I think it is due to the Senateaud due to the publie that these the list a number of appointments of special diplomatic agents pl'eeedents should go for wh~t they are worth after the state- made during the .recess -of the Senate) and as I said before their m-ent made by the Senator from Massachusetts as a serious cause functions were continued after the Senate came in session, nota-. of criticism of the President. blythe appointment of Mr. N. P. Trist as a .special agent of the 1\Ir. HOAR. I want them to go for what they are wm·th. President to go to Mexico, where he continued for more than· Mr. GRAY. Very well; that is what I suppose they will go one year under an appointm ~ nt without the advice and consent for. I think they will be scrutinized by intelligent people! and of the Senate, continuing long after the Senate came in session, I think they -are worth a gt-oeat deal. I am not asking to add to and his powers were paramount to those of Gen. Scott, he having them any emphasis of my own. power to m :1.ke a treaty and order a withdrawal o! troops and the Mt• . HOAR. If th~ Senator will pardon me, I -do not wish to cessation of "hostilities. &ay anything th-at by any possibility can give rise to any differ- That is all I wish w add now, because I can not detain _the enceofopinionbetweentheSenatorand myself. Atthismoment Senator from Vermontlonger. I wish to avoid anything of the kind:- I merely wish to -call the Mr . .MORRILL. 1 as_k that the resolution introduced by me attention 'Of the Senator to the fact that the venerable Senator Thursday last be read. from V-ermont gav-e notice last week that at 2 o'clock to-day h-e Mr. GORDON. Will the Senator from Vermont give me one would address the Senate and he is here waiting. moment to say a word in reference to a constituent of mine? Mr. GRAY. I willnotdetainhimfiveminutes. Mr. MORRILL. Iwi.sh the Senator would wait until I get Mr. HOAR. And I can not reply to the Senator now if he through. I have been waiting here above an hour and expected puts in that matter. to take the floor long ago. ' Mr. GRAY. The Senator knows I have given way and have Mr. GORDON. CerWnly, Mr. President;l will wait. always a disposition to give way 'On every occasion when cour~ PROPOSED FINANCIAL LEGISLATION. tesy or consideration for so distinguished a Senator as the Sen- PRESIDENT ator from Vermont requires that I should do so·, but I insist that The pro tempore. The resolution indicated by I shall go on now for two or three minutes, which I told the Sen- the Senat.or from Vermont will be read. ator from Vermont I would take in giving the matters to which The Secretary re11.d the resolution submitted by Mr. MOR- ~ I have referred, and tb.at I think is pertinent to the present issue. RILL on the 7th instant, as follows~ ·d H h · ted d - .Resolved, That an parts or the President's me.ssa.ge:relatlng to the tartit, I n 1790 , A ugust 11 , D aVl ump reys was app01n ur1ng· internal revenue, and income tax, together with that relating to those who the session of the Senate a diplomatic agent to establish rela-· it is said, after a hard struggle for taritl' reform, are solemnly pledged to it tions with Portugal. be, and hereby are, referred to the Committee on Fin-ance. In 1836, June 23, Henry 1\L Morfit was appointed during the Mr. MORRILL. :Mr. President, it might have been wiser to session of tbe Senate a diploma.tic -agent to obtain information have allowed some remarks on the general subject of the tariff, relative t-0 the civil, military, and political "COndition and char- made by me a dozen years ago, to sta.nd as my completed record acter of the people of Texas. rather than to incumber it by further discussion. But some In 1816, January 12, Joseph Devereaux was appointed special contribution from me to'' the campaign of educ.1tion "·may be diplomatic agent to obtain information of the various occurrences due, and, while I hope to m'1ke it not so lengthy .or so ponderous in South America interesting in a political point of view to the as to seem the tired'' wisdom of the ages,·' it may abridge my United Shk s of all military movements in that quarter and the contributions here::Uter to the literature of the tariff. It being disposition ms.nifested toward theUnitedStates. I su.ppose that a subject always of national import:mce and paramount to all in order to obtain that information he had to communicate with political parties, my inclination in earlier days was to avoid all informed persons in the oommunitics in which he happened to p:trtisan reflections, and, if unable to ao so now, it is because the be. That appointment was made during the session ofthe Sen- Democratic party, forgetting the orbitwhich was .early and long ate.. illuminated by their most illustrious representatives, has made 1n 1832, Janual'y 26, Edmund Roberti was appointed during it the foremost of party questions, by denouncing with tragio 200 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. DECE¥BER 13, vehemence the American doctrine of a protective tariff, as well • The economy of nations is studied by their statesmen as spe as by ringing all their arguments against it on the same set of cialists, always seeking the higher dignity and greater prosper bells with those of f~ee trade. ity of their own people; and whatever contributes to these ends DEMOCRATIC PLATFORMS. , they would, if possible, persuade mankind to believe equally ad During all the present generation modern Democracy has been vantageous to the world at large. Russia has no doubt that by prolific in 9.ueer tariff platforms, never right even by mistake, wresting Constantinople from the Turks, the condition of the and eacli one dying unloved before the birth of its quadrennial world would be largely bettered. successo.r, It gives me pleasure to rescue from oblivion, as a France, ambitious to cut as big a colonial figure as her neigh· specimen, their platfor~ of 1 72, decorated with the champion bors, believes that civilization of Darkest Africa and India will be of protection, Horace Greeley, as their Presidential candidate, sadly retarded unless her tricolored flag, with sound of trumpet, which declared, on account of honest differences of opinion with is pushed to the front. Whether or not a great Republic will give regard to the systems of protection and free trade, that " we a fra.il monarch a paramount boost is a blunt question in Hawaii. remit the discussion of the subject to the people in their Con Canada insists that her natural -products, agricultural and min gressiomu districts and the decision of Congress thereon, wholly eral, might enjoy free markets in the United States without in· free from Executive interference or dictation." The tariff plat jury to our people and with great benefit to Canadians. It1.ly is form bantling- of 1892, whether to be nursed or strangled by Ex profoundly impressed that it is grotesque and absurd ~or any ecutive interference, seems fated to become not less moribund people to impose duties upon works of the fine arts. Greece and unsavory in 1896 than any other of the Democratic platforms thinks it quite wrong that her exports of dried currants should now mouldering in the tomb of the Capulets. anywhere meet customs duties. Germa ny and Russi:1 boldly Some radic:ll change of the tariff is supposed to be imminent, seek to rival each other in the altitude of tariff walls on their not because the prosperity of the country demands it or can thus frontier boundaries. Great Britain is sure that the general wel· be promoted, but because the rhapsodies of "revenue reform" fare of mankind and world-wide religion would be consummated pads and inflates the Chicago Damocratic platform. Ruskin if the United Sts.tes would merely limit their enterprise to the once said of a sermon, '' that it was either a human composition or production of wheat, cotton, and small potatoes, and allow the aDivinemessage." Manyobsequiouspartisans, fearful of being British, from their longer experience and free-trade scale of cs.lled heretics or of being excluded from the party patronage labor, to supply all Ameri0an wants in manufacture~ and skilled pasture, ha.stily accepted_the platform without a why or a where industries. Free-trade condescension here creeps out with pan fore as' 'a Divine message," but the sundry juvenile earthly Demo ther-like loveliness. cratic claimants of its authorship conclusively prove that the pro STATESMANSHIP OF LILLIPUT NOT APPLICABLE TO .AMERICA. -posed' 'tariff for revenue only"was not only a square-toed synonym These diversities and rivalries in the march of nations only of British free trade, but wholly a" human composition," and serve to indicate that differences of climate, of locality, and of put forth. at a time when the gospel of the earliest Democratic race. and possibly of patriotism, may require, with perhaps equal inspiration was surrendered to the idols of the uncircumcised. human wisdom, differences in their national economy, and that No Democratic aspirants, however, for the Presidential succes measures ever so proper in one country, if transferred to an sion have yet left their footprints on or claim relationship to this other involving changes of habit or of occupations, will always wonderfully and fearfully made platform. It is true there has be maladroit and unstatesmanlike. Those who now have the been an unlocated suspicion that the audacity to cs.rry out the honor to govern the Democratic party without the virility of platform would be found lacking and that it would have some ori~inality appear eager to borrow and pet a foreign revenue deft and slippery modifications in order that the party might se measure, and learn by sore experience whether free trade shall cure forgiveness for its wrongdoings through a deathbed repent first re:10h aristocratic or democratic ''innocuous desuetude;" ance. But this will be discredited as obviously too late and a whether under Victoria or under Cleveland it shall meet its perfo1'mance not clever enough to win absolution for a. blunder final death struggle. wC~rse than a crime. · Adam Smith's great free-trade work on the Wealth of Na The Democratic p:1rty, in its platform of 1892, denounced pro tions was first printed in 1776, and received more attention'from tection, with trombone epithets,- as a -" fraud and robbery," as its pure and felicitous use of the English language than for the well as ,; an atrocity," and, louder·yet, as "unconstitutional;" economical principles promulgated. England continued to ad and proposed to su:persede and reform··it-py "a tariff for reve here to the most rigorous doctrine of protective tariffs for sev nue only," or a tar1ff wholly based . ~n the British example of enty years thereafter, and it was not until 1846, under the pre· free trade, with protection utterly emasculated. Such a meas miership of Sir Robert Peel, that even the corn laws were re ure wiil hot be a leap in the dark from which any party can pealed. The Adam Smith theory of free trade was then applied shirk its responsibilities. The example of a protective tariff in to the changed conditions of one people-it then apparently · America. for many years presents an indelible picture before the suited the British-to whom it had become pertinent, perhaps world of the great American industrial age, and in figures so a necessity, for the reason that their b:1ttle of life, from increas large as to make it memorable forever. British free trade has ing population, was to obtain }:>read and meat for their people; also been on trial long enough to minimize the profits of agri but no other p e-ople accept or tolerate the isolated and forlorn culture in their whole United Kingdom. Their silk industries British example. And yet it was admitted by some of its pro have also vanished; those of iron bend and gros.n under repeated jectors that it would be a failure unless it should be adopted by antagonistic invasions from Germany and Belgium; and the fre other nations. It was a b:llt for silly foreign gudgeons, to which q il.entcryfor "Fair trade" exhibits the popular discontent with we are expected to give the first nibble. free trade. The great contest of our American R-epublic, on the contrary, FREE TRADE. is to find consumers for its annual surplus of food products. The practical merits of the respective systems of raising na Great Britain with its incre3Sed population must either export • tional revenue, therefore, invite critical examins.tion by Con men or import their food, and generally does both. Our Re gress, which ID:ust spe.edily determine whether or not the fr.ee public, however, receives the surplus population of the world, trade policy, d1rectly 1mported from England, has such umm but yet, as the new Egypt of Joseph, has enough and to spare, peachable goodness as will justify our hurried acceptance, or the and, when famine appears among British subjects, sends them total ab.IDdonment of protection to all labor here employed, and corn by the ship-load with money in the mouth of the sacks. to the great multitude of our fixed investments. These are some In the career of nations, England, unable from home-grown of the salient points to which I shall invite considerate atten production to supply her people with wheat and flour fo r more. tion. than one week in four, is doomed to daily labor for daily bread; It .may be true that President Cleveland would like to be a but, at great cost of indirect protection, as mistress of the ocean, little better than his party on the tariff, as well as on silver, and arid being the quondam leader of machine-made manufactures, that he ought to abide by his early and solemn declaration that she would still be able to main bin her power and increased pop "we wage no exterminating war against any American inter ulation, provided there could be found free trade in foreign ests;" but even those more anxious to speak well of the Presi markets for her exportable manufactures. That is now her per dent than some highly valued members of his party are deplor manent and mo3t perplexing want, which we, as their first and ably weak in the faith touching any revelation of an executive last hope, are called upon to furnish, and which the Democratic veto against tariff bills when tipped with "revenue reform" and pa.rty appear most anxious to offer. triumphantiy enacted by a Democratic Congress. Those who are prolific in panegyrics on a " tariff for revenue JEFFERSONIAN PROTECTION. only," the name now given to sweeten free trade, can not object As colonies of Great Brit:linl according to the Declaration of to having the question of its excellence brought to the test of Independence, "our trade with all parts of the world" was cut facts from the only place where such a tariff has been on trial, off and t a,xes were imposed without our con_ent. We could sell and which, as I believe, conclusively prove that the Democratic or buy nothing anywhere but to or from Great Brits.in, and under architects have built their platform on a sandy and most unsat taxes levied bv the British Parlb ment. The final test was the isfactory foundation. demand for 3 pence per pound on tea. All British machin- I ~93. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN .ATE. 201 ··. ery was forbidden to be exported, and, as then urged by Adam who personally come within the domain of our light local tax- · Smith every measure that might define a tyrant was taken for ation, and are proud to hold the valid title of an American our sJbjugation, as well as for the obstruction of infant manu citizen. factures. "The colonies have no right,'' one of their leaders The free trade or "tariff-for-ravenue-only" theory is without declared, " to manufacture as much as a horseshoe nail." It was, honor in America, save that of very equivocal value from having therefora, no wonder that the foremost act of Congress signed been brought forth by a Cresarian operation upon the national by President Washington should have been for ''.the encow·aqe Democratic party at Chicago in 1892. The history of anything ment and p'rotection of manufactures." All part1es favored 1t: like it here furnishes no basis of commendation, and .it really Jefferson as much as Hamilton. It is hardly too much to say would not seem to be the legitimate offspring of the Democracy, that Jefferr:;on remained one of the most pronounced-protection .certainly not that of the blood of Madison, the father of our Con ists w.e ever had, as his embargo act of 1808 sufficiently demon stitution, nor of any Presidents from Virginia, but rather a come strates. by-chance cross with some high-stepping Mugwump of British After the war of 1812, had any American statesman qppos~d origin. Though to stand here for one season only, the wonder protective tariff he would have been regarded as a foe to h1s is why the Democratic party should venture to copy the British country. Mr. Calhoun, in 1816, as a friend of American tariff example of stifling our manufactures to restore our colonial griev protection, hardly lagged behind Henry Clay; and Gen. Jackson, ances of one hundred years ago. in 1824, was not less its champion than John Quincy Adams. Free trade will offer free raw materials without power to use There was then but little more than one party, and that was them, which is no more than to give a man ruffles who wants a unanimouslv for" a tariff that would protect." Both Houses of shirt. Congress were Democratic in 1828, and among the eminent Sen HEAD AND TAIL OF THE BRITIBH SYSTEM. ators who voted for the ultra-protective t::Lriff of 1828, and who sub The revenue obtained by. Great Britain from its free-trade sequentlybecameDemocraticPresidents, will be found the names tariff is less than one-fourth part of the annual amount there re of Martin Van Buren andJa.mesBuchanan. Suchdistingujshed quired, and consequently they are compelled to resort to many supporters of protection, I fear, would now be drummed out of desperate schemes of taxation, which here under a republican the Democratic camp by some self-elected drum-majors. In 1800 form of government are odious and endurable only in an over the votes of Virginia and Tennessee were given to Bell and mastering exigency of a great national war. Americans have an Everett, both of whom favored tariff protection. The tariff of inherited hatred of such taxes as are most prominent in Great 1861, undeniably blessed with the virtues of protection, was ap Britain for the collection of the chief part of their revenue, cer proved by a Democratic President, a veteran long in the highest tified by stout swearing, increased at every revolt in India, Egypt, services of his party. or South Africa, and ending by unfolding the veritable ''tail TERRITORY. which wags the dog" of free trade. It will, of course, be under England and- Wales have a territory of only 58,186 square stood that these words point to the motley procession of British miles, or 948 square miles less than Florida, one of our smallest, excise, license, and stamp taxes, for marriage, for lawyers, dog~, vet very attractive States; and the total area of the United King mortgages, and all of their kin, income, land, house, servant, dom, including Ireland, Scotland, and adjacent islands, is but carriage, and gun taxes, and :finally taxes on the dead. This is 120,849 square miles, being less than half that of the State of the perennial banquet, and these are the grizzly measures for Texas. I would not belittle the greatness of the English people extorting revenue to which we are invited by the President, al because of the insignificance of the territory inhabited, but it ready looming :UP and which cohere to British free trade or a must necess:trily circumscribe their natural products and leave "tariff for revenue only." They are exotics, and whoever seeks _ to trade and to their intercourse among nations little or nothing to cultivate them on the American continent will find them but •heir manufactures. Prior to the American Revolution we plants of slow-growth and bearing bitter fruit. shared their glory and shame; and, it should be acknowledged Hamilton stated that he would not have resorted to such taxes without reluct9.nce, there was more of the former than of the but for a threatened foreign war. Jefferson in 1798 w_rote to latter. Liberty and human rights were our heritage, but aheri Madison as follows: ~ tage from our Creator, from which we refused to part, and The excise law is an in!ernal one. The first _error was to admit it by the though we refused allegiance to George III, our loyalty to Mil Constitution; the second, to act on the ~ission. ton and Shakespeare, Burke and Pitt remains unbroken. As soon as Jefferson became President the "infernal" law was The territory of the United States is incomparably greater, repealed. But in spite of the high prestige of Jefferson as a and, including Alaska., covers 3,501,409 square miles, with a cli Democrat, it will soon be found that the Latter Day Saints will !Ilate that invites all products, and with minerals, timber, agri propose to replace all briff reductions by the "infernal" excise t3ulture, and manufactures somewhat commensurate with its system of the British. vast extent. A policy, therefore, which might cover and blanket The United States produces spirits and tobacco more abun the small sea-girt territory of the so-called Great Britain, would dantly and at cheaper prices than any other country, yet both be inadequate and most inappropriate patchwork if applied t0 a are rigidly subjected by the British free-trade tariff to extraor country so great as the United States, with all of its multifarious dinary duties amounting often to more than ten times their first products and many millions more of men. The vain idea that cost. Nor is there any British constitutional scruple against the free-trade policy would open the doors to any new America.n protection when it can be made serviceable, and accordingly a advantages is unten:1ble and preposterous, for the reason that it higher protective duty is imposed upon manufactured tob:1cco would be an unreciprocated surrender of our home markets, the than upon tobacco in the leaf. Unlike the British, who utter greatest theworldnowaffords, withoutany possible equivalents. unceasing jeremiads against American tariffs~ we neitheT growl Clip protection from our tariff, and Americans, like Samson, at nor dispute the prerogative of Great Britain to make Hs own would te in the hands of the Philistines. tariff, although made knowingly to apply to our country with CONSTITUTION. greater severity than to any other. They may be contented or not, but we have not outgrown some The Constitution of the United States is a written one, so per early repugnance to British tariffs, nor to such as may be adver fect that it has been amended bu~ twice in one hundred years; tised and adroitly prescribed for Americans by foreigners; and and the power of Congress to raise revenue "to pay the debts we brand as a blow belo\V the belt financial contributions of Brit and provide for the common defense and general welfare " re ish exporters and American consignees of British merchandise mains untouched and unchanged. for partisan use here in a free-trade campaign urged to exter The British form of government is unwritten and wholly minate every vestige of tariff protectio~. Even the London within the power of Parliament, which is said to be omnipotent, "Punch," as an umpire, would hold this to be foul. except that it can not make a man a woman. From t;he reign of Elizabeth to the ninth year of Victoria, British prot-ective tariffs EMIGRANTS FROM GREAT BRITAIN. were constitutional; and from that time to the present, British Great Britain has many colonies~ greater in extent than her free trade has been constitutional. Formerly Great Britain self, where cheap and fertile land abounds, and where British :fixed and limited -the wages of laboring men by direct statute trade with political and old-home affinities ordinarily would be laws, and now unflinchingly does the same thing indirectly by so dominant as to monopolize the utmost output of British emi · free trade; that is to say, the British people must work for lower gra,tion; but from 1853-after the ad vent of free trade or "a tariff wages than we or others accept, or they could neither supplant for revenue only "-to October, 1893, the number of British and us or anybody else in trade, nor obtain their regular daily sup Irish emigrants to the United States, not including those from ply of foreign food. Canada, amounted to 5,149,890. Free trade among the States of our Union is a horse of another This extraordinary exodus, largely of adult workingmen, from color, being a legitimate and precious privilege, and by no Great Brihin to the United Stg_tes, of more people than now meaiU a privilege to be invaded by foreign states without let or dwell in the Canadian Dominion, or in Australia or in Ireland, hincr_'"9.nce, or without equivalents. It is enough that its use c ~n not be ascribed to anything else than either the home oppres and free possession are and should be obtainable only by those sions o~ free trade, or to the attractions emanating from a pro- 202 OONGRESSION AL ·REOORD--SENA:TE. DECE:MBER 13, ' . tective ta.riff1 .and the joy or determining which .has been most forever from the owne~ship of any hom.es, but with the dreadful flO'tential in the movement .may be left ta the thick-and-thin certainty that ·their children will be left in dest::tu:tion. philosophers of a'' tariff for revenue only." It m ay help them ~he pa.upers of the Unlted States in '1890 .nlliD.bered 66,578 to ramember that no tracks of returning _homesick emigrants wh1te, and 6,467 colorerl.. Of the white 21~6-16 were foreign fr.omAmericab.ave ever been discovered. born, of 10,608 one or beth of the ps.rents wru·e Joreign born~ DECADENCE 'Oli' BRITIBH AGRICULTURE. and there were al.so -24,220 outdoor paupera. Thus British Th.e great deterioratiGn of Brhish -agriculture, irom the in p~upe~lsm, notwithstanding our naU'l~ twice the population., is herent friction of free trade, lS not an idle tale, butits·decad.ence mne .times greater than that o1 tne Umted St :Ltes. This is our is admitted and corrobar.Lted by incontestable facts. Their peT modest contrast wlth the chronic paunerism of Grea,t Brftain, ms.nan t !tcreage of pasture land in 187-! was 13,17 4,490 acres, but in whleh has been graphically described by a member of Mr. Glad 1892 h:ad lnerea.sed to 16,358,100 acres, 'Showing an :abandonment ·stone s cabinet as follows : to eultivate 3,119,738acres, with little increase of cattle or horses, It is an awful fact-it is really not short of awful-that in this country and a-positive decrease in the stock of sheep of over 2,000,000. with all its wealth, all itu·esources, all its power,40 per cent, that is to ·say: nearly one-half of the persons who reach the age of 6.0 are, or have been The -acreage of whe:1 t in 1814 was 3, 630,300 a.cres, and in1892 only :paupers. ' 2,219,8 9 acres, Gr ·a loss in their l.eading -crop o11,410,411 acres. The acre 1ge of flax in 187 4 was 9,394 acres,and in 189""" bad a windled Is there any party .het'e .ambitio-us to follow this ill-starred to 1,42.1 acres. The -acreage oi permanent corn et•ops in1874 was track which marks the homes arnd highw.ays of free trai1e? 9,431,490 acres, but in 18!:12 was only 7 ,8~8,0i:n ·acres, or less by British strikes often occm· wh.en .reductions of wages are pro 1,626,459 acres. These facts as to the decadence and deplorable posed to wage-Teceivers, who have .no other answer save that condition oi British -agTicultnre, from-which the -attention of our wages are practically irreducible, as humanity can not live on farme.rs can .not be diver:tea, are taken .!from their own 1·ecords less. tbathave nG word of :comfort ior this great industry. WEALTH. -The follGwin.g ·extract fr.nm the liondGn Bpect&tor shows also One hundred years ago the United States were -poor, few m the decrease in then.umber of males andlem:BJ.es in .England and numbeTs, w~th :only stinted household manufactures, and no in Wales engaged in :ag.I±mlture from .1811 :to 1B91; dustries of any notable acconnt save in agr.ioutture. Great lt woul:l app9al" .trom the 'third \Volume ,of the CenSUB or England a.nd Brit...'lin, drawing well-relished .nu'tritionfrom the ·breasts of he:r W.ales that the total number ill .both -sexes employed on the la'l.d, wllich in colonies, was then already conspicuous in its n :ttional pmver, its 1811 was 1.153,M4, anlin t&!l, l,on.ou, w-~.s in :lSJl DS0,21S, showing a. decrea.se accumulated wealth. 11.nd its expor:ta... le .m.anufan·tures. It ha.d ofl73,2711or thetwentyyea.rs,liLspiteD!the general increase of population. .u v Thetotalfigure-s-eerta.inlyooruirm tnelmp:ressian that'thepeeple arereeen· conquered India, and had been, with our .help, victariou.o n-ver ingt:rom agriculture. France in Canada. After a century of commercial progress the :But, if the :Spectator ·h!l.a loo'"ked back fol" thirty-yea.rs instead wealth of Great Britain has been ·estimated at $~0,000,000,000 oft\venty, -a mom astounding dec ease might h::~.ve been cexbib- less than that -of .the United .Shtes. which our cljnsus of J.890 ited. it belng stated in the Statesman's Ye::tr Book that the num- states at $62,610,000,000. Th-e inferiority of our .public debt will ber employed i-n ag-riculture in J.8 il wa.s 2,010,-!54, which would be admitted, .howev-er, notwithst:mding our enormous-expendi show alossinthl.:rtyye&I'Soimore-than<6ne-halfof'thosesoem- 1 tura in the recent ·grea:t war of the rebellion. The British plosed, notwithstanding an increase of over s,·ooo,:OOO of -populn.- national debt in 189:l was six times gre!l.ter than at the co.m ti.on. mencement o1 the American Revolution, .or, reckoning $5 to the The soil of England :mnd W:ales has 'been generously treated pound sterling., -$3,333,397,855, while the interest-bearing debt and 'is supposed to have lost 'DOthing of its-old time fertility. of the United States-was only $585,029,330, or only .about one Guano, ·phosphates, ami .other modarn fertilizers are abundant, sixth of the British .debt. Their annual interest p6r capita is and have been abundantly -applied. Wha.t then is it that _b.n.s $3~33, .and ours 39 cents. blighted the vocation of more than. one-half of those formerly Do these facts indicate any economic blunder.on our _part lliat employed in agricultare in England -and Wales, and compelled should suddenly teach us to relorm Gar national .revenue policy them to flee from theii· homes to other countries, or to seek by an exchange :for that i>f th£ .country we have left:so far be- othoroccu.pa;ti<:ms? Ifthose left behind may .answer, all, whether hind in the.nati-onal race? . owners of the soil or laborers, with one-accord would straigh way P.ARTY SLOGAN. deelare rthlt their sufferings have be.en imposed by a "tariff for revenue only.1' Among English fftrmers free trade has nota rag Prior ·to our tariff revision of 18901 the ~reat cry of tariff re- oi reput3.ti.on to cling to. Only a few persons Dwn land in Great formers appeared to be agains.t a Treasury surplus, and for are Britain, and these chiefly by :primogeniture inhe-rita.nce. The duction of the revenue annually -collected. The surplus, how glory of America is that nearly all.the land .is heldiniee simple ever, promptly disappeared, during the Administration of Presi by th-ose who hold cthe plow_ ' dent Harrison, in payment of the interest-bearing-public debtJ On agrietrl.tnrein Englan-d I will ask my friend, Senator FRYE, t-o the exten.t of $305,2'25,395, tbereby reducing the annual inter- to road some very late testimony. est charge of the Government to $.26,771,60:1. Sixty million .Mr. FRYE xead -as follows: dollars of revenue we-re also cut .off by enlarging the tariff free list. and by reduction of rates on dutiable articles. AGRICULTURE IN .ENGLAND-2\. GLOOMY VIEW TAKEN 'IlY Tim EARL OF Neitherthecomplaintof asurplusnoroftoomuch revenue sur- 'WINCHELSEA. LoNDoN, JJecember 7. vive, but unfortunately the new AdminL«tration must have more A con.,aress opene:l in St. .James Hall to-day under the auspices or the Na- revenue. Certainly, however, a free·-'trade tariff -curtailment tional.Agrieulttu::al Union. The Earl or Wi:n.chelsea presided. Among those would not seem t o be a ·safe and -proper -tonic -to increase rave present were 'the Earl o.f .Harrow by, the Ear-l pr Denbigh, Lord Nonh, and nue, or to stimulate business enterprise, and could not fail to se- ~members - of the House Dt Commons. · 1 t th t fina · a1 d~ N 'The Earl-QfWinehel ea-sa.id trhat'the resnlntions tha.twonld be submitted rwus Y augmen e -p resen nm · 1Scouragements. 01' to the con~ress embodie:l a large number ot suggestions that had lJeen re- will a Democratic Administration ba iikely to excite our admi ceived from representative a.gricuJ:tnrists all over the world sine~ the last ration by any diminution of the public debt. congress was hdd. Re was unable 'to congr;a.t.Ulate the congress upon any Th f mil' a· t that t h t -un1 ·th material improvement in the agricultural-situation. Landlords were losing e a lar lC 1IDl, we can no ave expor s ass ey their rents and 'tenant-s were lJe.ing denuded of their prolits. Thousands of are balanced by an equal.amount of imports, was promin en t in laborers were without. work and the towns were -su!'rering !rom n.n influx of 1899, and thow;h constantly refuted by the trade of all nations, pauper labm·ers. The question was rapidly sum:ing the 'Proportions or a has found its quietus in the operation of our too-much slandered na;tional dis&s~~er. ·The nation was becoming mer~ and more dependent u;pan food brought tromtoreigncountries. Tlleconsensu.sofexpert opinion tariff of 1890, under which our exports for 1 9~ exceed those of was that the navy was inadequate to protect the rood supply in the event 1890 by over $17.2,000,000., and our imports from Great Britian ofo":rcause of the distress was the fall in priees due to roreigncompetition. the :fi.J.•st year were $38,423,381 less, and our exports '$52,417 r981 England, the earl declared, was the only country in. tne world wnere the more than the year prior to the new tariff. The tariff of 1890, home producer was trea.te.d as a. public enemy and was taxed, rated, and de- therefore, did no h!'.Ll'm to our export trade! but considerably frauded out of existenCI3. lt was necessary ror the producers to combine fortified the country ag.-1.inst an unp.r·ecedented export of gold, and ask, not forprotectio:n,lmt lor fair play~ which otherwise might bave proved more dangerous and ram- PAUPERISM AND FREE "TRADE. pant. ' - ·hlr. MORRILL. The number of British paupersba.s"been pe.r- ThB Btale assertions are still repeated, though deprived for harps underotated at 945,6 6. There a1·e so many descriptions of many years O:f any leg of truth to stand on, that "a reduction o1 their paupers-registered, dependents., vagrants, casual poor, our-t11rill will give our.industries employment :to more people, able-bodied indoor and outdoor-_regulated by various laws, that not a portion ol the time b ut .all the year/' this beinH seriously it may be difficult for them to tabulate the tot9.l numbers; but, suggested even by the President, "ana though our manufactur as thus stated, it is enormously greater than that of the United ers pay higher wagesj they get more work ior tbe same .amount s _t&tes, whe.ve a protective tariff has long prevailed. Beyond of mOnE'lY·.,, q:u.cv.atlen British -pauperism has be.en greatly f)romoted :by the Obviously, by .a reduction -of the t:tdff, a l-arger importation pinehing conditions~£ free trade, which 1eave to their working- oi foreign merchandise is .intended and .must ensue, and thereby me.n no .annual :sur.plus to deposit in savings bank, .and ba:rs them displace to an equal '6xtent :the .products wnich ·otherwise -wonl~ 1893. OONGltESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. 'have been made by the employment of our own people, but this welfare~ as is the ease in my own Shte, the greater is the is the- legitil:ru te effect of a.' tariff for revenue only/' Here the necessity that more should be established, and tha.t the great loss working day is curtailed by a less number ol hours for a week's of producers in reaching far-off consumers in the transportation work1 and here a.le8s number of young children and women are of their products should be speedily remedied. Those who are employed at low wages than abro.ld. M 1 ~e work instead of less not for protection from the highest p·ttriotic convictions, are is, therefore, more likely to be demanded abroad for a day's likely to have a foot easily out of j int in every emergency. wages th1n in Americ.t. .thd.t a fre~ trade tariff might, could, or would be the order of Any claim of superi01' stamina on the p~rt of Americana, or of the day, with protection wholly eliminated, was grimly pro doing more work in a day than any other people, is a vainglori claimed by the refus:ll of the majorit-y of the Ways and Means ous assumption. The British are of the same stock, and bred in Committee to allow the minority any participation or knowledge an equally healthy_clim1.te-thoughSoutheythoughtitonlyfitto as to its construction, presumablY~ for· the reason that the mi hibernate in during half the yeM-but their wage-earners grow nority of five would have outvoted the majodty of twelve, or old earlier from work and ruder fare. A Briton, so long as able that contact with them in the committee room might introduce to get full p 3.y, without doubt. is about as athletic and physically some dangerous germs of protection, now supposed to be unusu as good as an American, and prob'tbly no bette-r. We have WI·estled ally c whatever differences of opinion therl) may be about this ques they clearly came within the constitutional power conferred tion, there is no reason and no excuse for assailing the reputar upon the President. tion for truth of a man of Mr. Blount's record, and I challenge There are a few cases in regard to which the person employed this Chamber and the country to produce one of superior white by the Senator from Alabama had made a mistake in carelessly ness or purity. making the list. For instance, the joint high commission he This much, sir, I felt bound to say in discharge of my duty to specifies as an instance of persons appointed without the send this honorable and honored citizen, and to the great State he ing of the names to the Senate, when in fact those names were has faithfully and ably and for so long a period represented. sent into the Senate and confirmed by the Senate. So, in the Mr. FRYE. · Mr. President, I think the Senator from Georgia case of Mr. Trescott, if I heard the Senator correctly-! have does not correctly estimate the language I used when he just been shown the original document-his name was sent to charges me with making an attack upon the integrity of Mr. the Senate immediately after his commission was made, he went" Blount. I used the words "unvarnished truth," meaning pur out, and we confirmed him.· posely, and understanding that the language meant nothing There are a few cases-! can not recall the number now. but I more than that his report was a prejudiced report. I know Mr. presume there may be twenty or thirty-to which thi!S ·state Blount well and served with him in the other House. In my ment does not apply, but they are ca.ses where the person had opinion he is a good man, in this matter appropriated to an ex nothing to do but ·to ascertain and report the sense or willing ceedingly bad purpose, and in my judgment was acting under ness of the foreign government to the Presi:lent or to the Sec instructions. · I intended nothing more by what I said than that retary of State, the whole official action in regard to the entire his report was a prejudiced report. subject baing theirs. I conceive that the President might send - The Senator has overlooked the only words in the remarks I his private secretary or his valet de chambre to inquire whether, made which might be conceived to be an attaqk on Mr. Blount. if he were disposed to take a certain action, tha.t action would In drawing a parallel practically between Mr. Stevens and Mr. be taken by another government,- and the other government Blount, in which I intended to confine myself to mental quali might through any instrumentality it chose send back another; tiesandnottomoral, I accidentally inserted the words ''integrity but the action then is the action of the President. of character,"and then asserted thatM-r.Stevenswasparamount There will not be found in all these precedents, I venture to to Mr. Blount in that respect. I will say to the Senator that a affirm, a single case which gives the least countenance to this moment or two ago, when my speech was brought in to me, I transaction: or which touches upon the class of powers which struck that out, because I did not mean to attack the integrity have been given to this gentleman here-powers to command the of Mr. Blount, and the only comparison I purposed to make .was. naval officers, which he did; powers to represent the purposes of between the mental qualifications of the two gentlemen. this Government formally and officially to a foreign court, which Mr. GORDON. Mr. Pre.sident, I am very glad to have heard he did; powers of a commissioner, who was enumerated a diplo these words from the distin~uished Senator, and I .had no doubt matic commissioner-not a commissioner to make postal arrange he would utter them. I sa1d in the beginning of my remarks ments, but a diplomatic commissioner, a functionary expressly that I could not believe that the language as reported conveyed asserted in the act of Congress itself to be a diplomatic repre his meaning. I knew that be was acquainted with Mr. Blount sentative of the Government. and his high character. The words which the Senator has just I expect hereafter, when the information comes from the Presi quoted from his own speech were those·which appeared to me dent, to go fully into these questions and to answer the sugges least defensible of all the remarks which fell from him and tions of the Senator from Missouri and the Senator from Dela which he has now, to his own honor and to my relief, stricken ware very fully indeed, but I shall not ask the Senate now to wait from the record. while I go into the discussion. Mr. BERRY. I move that the Senate proceed to the con Mr. VEST. Mr. President~ will the Senate indulge me in one sideration of executive husiness. statement? As a matter of course, I do not pretend to be re Mr. PASCO. I ask the Senator from Arkansas to withdraw sponsible for the accuracy of the table annexed to the minority his motion for the present? report or the Commfttee on Foreign Relations which I read this The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. Does the Senator from Arkan morning, but that table comes officially from the office of the sas withdraw his motion? Secretary_of State. The executive document from which I read Mr. BERRY. I do. is in the bands of the Reporter, but I looked over it as carefully Mr. PASCO. I wish to inquire if the order has been made as I could. As a matter of course, the question is susceptible of with reference to the pending resolution which was agreed upon, accurate solution. that it should be referred to the Committee on Foreign Rela- Mr. HOAR. The Senator from Missouri will pardon me. He ~ns. . was not here probably quite so long ago, but he knows very well The PRESIDENT pro tempore. No order has been made in the names of the high joint commissioners who made the treaty respect to the resolution. with Great Britain in 1871 were sent in to the Senate and con Mr. PASCO. I ask now, if there be no objection, that that firmed, and there are five cases put down as if they were not sent order be made, unless there is to be further debate on the reso· in. lution. Mr. VEST. No; I came into the Senate in 1879. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Florida Mr. HOAR. The case of Mr. Trescott I have just seen. The asks that the resolution submitted by the Senator from Massa appointment was sent in to the Senate. He is put down as a per chusetts [Mr. HoAR] be referred to the Committee on Foreign Eon whosa name was not sent in. R-elations. Mr. VEST. I now recollect one instance particularly, from Mr. HOAR. The Senator from Delaware [Mr. GRAY] sug memory. It was the case of A. Dudley Mann, taken from private gested that reference. life and appointed by the President during the session of the Mr. PASCO. I will state that the Senator from Delaware Senate, with power to negotiate a treaty. has been called out of the Chamber, and asked me to attend to Mr. HOAR. Let me state a stronger one than that-M1·. the matter in his absence. Trist. That will help the Senator's argument, but it does not Mr. HOAR. I was about to say that the Senator from Dela affect this case. ware suggested to me a day or two ago that it might be as well Mr. VEST. Yes, Mr. Trist. As a matt.erof course, the issue to have the resolution go to the Committee on Foreign Rela between the Senator from Massachusetts and myself as to the tions, to which I acceded on the ground that, while it calls for accuracy of the State Department table can be settled; and if information which is not embraced in the previous resolution that table is accurate, then unquestionably from the beginning on the subject adopted by the Senate, still it is quite likely when of the Government it has been the custom of the President and the answer to that previous resolution comes in that it will con of the Secretary of State to appoint persons not holding then any tain, in connection withother matter, the information for which official position to negotiate treaties, and the treaties when made this resolution calls. So I acceded to that suggestion, but since ·were sent to the Senate for its action. that time there has been a considerable speech by the Senator Mr. HOAR. I think that will turn out to be true; but it does from Delaware, a speech by the Senator from Missouri [Mr. not affect this case. VEST], and a speech bv the Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE]. Mr. CHANDLER. Mr. President, the statement made by the Therefore, I do not think this resolution ought to go to the Senator from Missouri leads me to take a moment {and I will Committee on Foreign Relations without my making one single take but a moment) to state that there certaJnly is a serious in observation, which I will make now if the Senate will permit, accuracy in the list of persons appointed by the President with and that is that nearly all the precedents which those Senators out the consent of the Senate to negotiate treaties. I refer to _have referred to-three or four hundred-as furnishing a prece the statementonpage130of Senate Miscellaneous Document No. dent for theappointme~t of this gentleman to go to Hawaii, are 109, Jriftieth Congress, first session, the list which was alluded to precedents of persons appointed in the vacation and whose names by the Senator from Delaware this morning. On that page are were either sent into the Senate at the next session thereof, or given the names of the members of the high joint commission, whose function expired before the end of the next session. So Hamilton Fish, Robert C. Schenck, Samuel Nelson, EbenezerR. CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD- II.OUSE. D ECEMBER 13, Hoar,·and·Geor.g-e H. ·williams; Messrs. Roar and Williams be 'HOUSE ·OF .REPR-ESENTATIV-ES. ing put down as holding no other office at the s:une time. '_The Be:na:tor from Miss.ouri will please take notice that those W.ED:NESDA,Y, December 13, 1.893. names are given as thoseol sppointments made by the President The House met at12o'clook m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Re:v. alone, and stan.dingas at>pointmen:tsm.1.de by thePr.esidentalone E. B. BAGBY. they cert:.tinly constitute,·a -very s-trong arg.umentin favor of sev The Journal of the prooeedings-uf yesterday was ,read and a_p eral o t"heT acts that · b~tve been -perfocrned by President Cleve· proved. lRlla. The trouble is that·tnestatement is erroneous; that these high joint commissioners were not appointed by the President DEFICIENCIES IN APP~OPRIATIONS FOR THE INTERIOR .DE alone, but we-re n.onfirmed by the Senate ·on the lOth day of Feb - p .A'RTMENT. mary' 1811, -as 'tbe..rec.ords will show. The SPEAKERlaid-beforetlm House a letter1rom the Acting So the statement of the Senatorfrom Massachusetts is strictly Secretary oi the Tr.easury., -transmitting .e.stimateB or deficiencies accurate,-that:tbe exceptionsto the rule by which the President in the appropriations submitted by the Secretary of tbe Inted or; appnints only ·ad i11.te?'im 1io .fill vacancies, and by and with the whioh was referred .to-the Committee -.onAppropriations, and or consent of the Senate :to importantdiplomaticfunctions, are in dered to be printed. significant; and theTe can not he found in the whole .record of TESTS UF MATERIALS -A'T W.ATERTOWN ARSENAL. the diploma.tio.ano:coDBulara;ppointmentsof the Government any The BPEAKER laid beiore the iHous-e a Jettedrom the Sem·e case that corresponds with the appomtment of Mr. Blount, as I tary oi War, transmitting the report of the commanding officer shall take occasion to -show if this ..subject is further discUBsed. of the Watertown Arsenal of tests of materials for industrial and The PRESIDENT 'IJTO'tfmtpore. The question is on .the motion rother purposes made at said 'arsenal during the :fiscal ·year end of the Senator from Florida [Mr. P ASOO ].that the -resolution be ing June ~0, 1 93; ;which ~vas referred to .the Committee on Man referred to-the Committee on Foreign Relations. ·ufactm·es, and-ordered to be·printea. Mr. HOAR. 1 understs.nd the £enator from Florida deems himself poss3ssed of the desire oi .the Senator lrom .Delaware CONTRACT'S 'ENTERED INTO BY THE WAR TIEPAliTMENT. [Mr. GRAY] in this respect. The SPEAKER also laid before the ROll.Be a letter irom the Mr. ·PASCO. .I .wilLstate -that the -Senator from Delaware tol.d Secreta:ry·of W.ar, transmitting n. state.ment-of ·contra.ctso:enterea me there:was-Bomeunderstg,nding with theBelmtor from Massa into b_y the War Departme.nt.dnring theliscal-:yea.I.' encllng .Tune chusetts in .reference to this m.1tter, :and .ii 'there was no o bjec· ;30, 18H3; w.hrch -was -referred to·the·Dommittee-on EAJ)endltures tion he would .llke-to1Hre itnaiTied_outthiB ai.ternoon . in t~e War De_partment, anfl ,ordePe.d t.o be printed. ..M-r. HOAR. There is no objection. .REGULATIUNB "FaR 'T.RE !SOLDIERS' JH01dE ~' iW.ASHINGTON, Mr. PASCO. ..It-was in 'accordance 'With :that r.equest that I .D. c. made ·the motion. ~ The SPEAKER also laid 'i:lefow the 'House -a 'letter, ~ trnnsmit The motion -was agreed to. -ting a draft·of'11 bill,·submitted by the fujoJLIGenera.l Command- HOUSE IDLE REFERRED. ing the Arm_y, .:Ee1Kt1ve to ireCtiOilfl ll821, ~8 22 , mia 4823 ..of the .The bill (H. R.Jl24.B)fur ±he appointmen:t .of a sealer and as- Revised Statutes; -whicn "WaB l'eierrea to -the .:Committee ·on siEtant.seJJ.e:r·ufweights_mrd·meaaures·.in :the ..District of Colum- Military Affairs, ana ordered iio oe printed. bia, and for ather purpo-ses, -was:r.ea.d ':twJc·e :by its iitle, ~and re- "FINDINGS .OF cmm.T UF DLATMS. -ferred-to·the'Committee:on-theJlistrictcof'.Golumbia. The SPEA.KER-laidiheforetth-e J;ro.u-se--a communioatian.from MESSAGE FROM THE 'ROUSE. the Court of Claims, transmitting a copy of the .findings uf .the . .com·.t in·the cases·af the ,follmving..na:me.d :PexBOnS rt:\.gltinSt ihe A messag-e.from"the House :of 'Repr.es.en.tatives, by Mr~ .T. 0. United States: Tenor Brabay, aecease.d; W . .J~ .Bishop; T. . 0. TOWLES, its Chie'f ·.Clerk, amwnnc:ed :tb::ttthe.House hadtpaBBed · Da viE, dece .1sed; Jno. Ferguson, ·:de.aerurell; .:E. A . .P. lmer., ne the.bill (S.102l) ·.to ~grant~ .:r~o-ht of-:w~"to the Kansas, Okla- ceased; B. H. Thompson, deceased. · homa Central and Southw.eRte:r.n Railway ·Gomp.any throug.h :the Also,Jn .the· case of J'oshua Beck, .deceased, ~ agains:t':fu.e Unlten Indian Tex.rito.ry ::ana Qklah:om·a 'Territacy, and •for .other tp.ur- . States: which were referred to the Committee .an W.Rr Claims, poses. and ordered to ba printed . .The message lhlso mrnuunnefi that .:the .House had :ps.ssea·a ·bill LEAVE .oF ~ABSENCE. (H. R. 434:0) to amend section 407 of the Revised Statutes, :So as By nnariimous consent,1ea-ve 'OI ·aosence was fgrantea -to .Mr. to.:r.equire tOcigin.u -:receipts :for ·:de:positsroi poStmasters to be H.ARTER, indeftriitely,,en accm.mt ohrickness'in'hisiumily. sent to-th.e..Anditor•oi -the .Treasury for :the ~nst:rOJlice..Depart- men.t; in whlchi:tTequesmd:.th:enanmn:Tencre-of .the Benaia. MESS AGE .F.ROM .THE BENA:rE. , Th-e message l1;1rthe-r:announce.d .:that "the ..Rouse :had passed -a A messag'e from the Senate, by Mr. PLA.TT,·one Df 'tsclerks, a;n concurrerr:t resolution -providing :for th:e-prin.ting nf 8,000 copies ·nounced that the .Sen.,...te further inBists - ~pon ·its -anrenfunents of the eulogies delivered in Congress upon the Han. J. Logan to .the bill.(H. R. 3289) "~o author.ize the New York and .New Jer Chipman, late a Rep:·esentative from the State oi Mi tive l'rom "the State uf Michigan, -and direct me to report the same with ~he to have printed .in the RECORD a memorial of citizens of Besse ·recommendation that it do pass. rner, Gogebic County, Mich., adopted in Jllass meeting assem The estimated cost of same is 2,650. bled, regardless of party, protesting against the proposedaction The resolution was agreed to. of the Ways and Means Committee in classing iron ore as raw On motion of Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee, a. motion to material and placing it upon the list of articles to be admitted reconsider fh e vote by which the resolution was agreed to was free of duty. laid on the table. Mr. RICHARDSON of Tennessee. I object. RIGHT OF WAY THROUGH INDIAN AND OKLAHOMA TERRI The memorial was referred to the Committee on Ways and TORIES. Means. Mr. HUDSON. Mr. Speaker, I askunanimousconsenttotake PREMIUMS TO NAVAL CONTRACTORS. the billS. 1021 off the Spea~er's table and have it considered l\Ir. HOLl\1AN. Mr. Speaker, I asK: unanimous consent for now. the present con~ideration of the resolution which I send to the The SPEAKER. Is such a bill on the Speaker~s t able? desk. Mr. HUDSON. There is a bill of that number on the Speak- The resolution was read, as follows: er's ta,b.le. I may say, in explanation, -this bill]Jn.ssed the Senate I Whereas it appe:n-sthat sums amountingtomoretha.n $1,000,DOO have been on the 2.d day ol November, and was reported to this House. 1t paid out of the public 'l'rea.sury t contractors building war ships for the was examined by the ComJ?ittee on Territories and appr tractors: Therefore, considerationrOf the bill, I would like to have an explanation of .Resolved, TuattheCommitteeonNa.-valA.tTairsisherebyinstrnctedtota.ke some of its main features. into consideration all matters pertaining to this -subject, and make .a thor- · d t ti I ough and complete investigation ther~o1, and .report to the House, by bill or 1\! r. OUTHWAITE · M r. S peak er, 1n or er O save me otherwise. and more especially wlle'th:er the law and the terms of the con- ob~e ct to the consideration of the bill at this time. tracts governing in these ma"tters h-ave been strictly complied with, whether Mr. HUDSON. I desire to make :m explanation, and I think any officer or the Government has through 1gnorance, or collusion, aideJ. and the gentleman will then withdraw his O!J'ection. abetted contractors to earn and secure p. yment o! large premi111I1B, by de· signing and powe":.ing ship31o:r speeds much higher than was justified by Mr. OO'THWAITK I ha ve .no ob;ection to the gentleman the reqmTements.of the contracts; -and cw.hat extraordinary and unusual making a brief statement; but at this time the consideration of means have been resorted to and practiced by contractors on th~ trial trips 4 bill h f · h h h · · b f h to .attain the excessively high speeds for premiums. • this aug t.not inter ere wit t e ot er OUSllless e m·e t e IleBolved, That the Secretary at-the Navy be nlrected 'to 'Withhold further House. payments of any a.nd all preminii!:s for war ships unW further direction or Mr. HUDSON. Mr. Speaker, this bill passed the Senate on Congress, and that he :inform the House in specHI..c.ter.ms, in view .or the fact the ~d day -of November, and was reported to the House ori the that said vessels were to be constructed in exact conformity with the law, the terms of the severa.l contraats, and the spe-ciftca.tions Jll'BScribed by the :3d. It was breught up before the House for consideration and Navy Department, upon what bas'iB -premiums ha-ve been paid, and .also ;reported favorably by the Committee on Territories, blLt it wa.s what amounts ar~ now 'Claimed to be due by con-tractors ona.eeount of such objected to at tha.t time by the gentleman from Indiana £Mr. premiums and by whom-SUch claim is made. HOLMAN], and subsequently the gentleman from Indiana, who Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Speaker-- is chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs, examined the Mr. DINGLEY. Mr. :Speaker., I wish to reserve the point of bill and is present t<> state the result of the examination. Now, order npon th t resolution, I will sa,y, further, that there are a number of parties employed Mr. HOLMAN. Just .a "WOrd. There .has been mrer a million to survey the line of railroad across the Territory this winter, dollars already paid in premiums on these contracts for .increased and a b rge amount of money is being expended and heavy ex- speed, and there is over a million dollars pending to be promptly pense being incurred by the company, which ought not to be adjusted. I am informed that the exact amount now claiming done if this bill is a proper one; and it ought to be passed upon adjustment in the Tre sury Iru· incre:1sed speed of war ships now. under contracts heretofore made, including the Columbia, is Mr. OUTHWAITE. I will not object to the consideration of the sum of $1,055-,000.. Inasmuch as these war -ships are con the bill, provided it does no.t occupy more .than twenty minutes. structed unaer contracts which pt·ovide the exactdetills of con The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the consideration of struction in every particular it is obvious that this ie11ture of the bill? "premium 'on speed ought to com.m.a.nd thecattention of Con- Mr. HOLMAN. Mr. Speaker: I objected tothe consideration gress. of this bill sometime ago, simply for the purpose of looking into It is alleged by leading news,pa,pera {)f the country that there it for a mom-ent. It is a Senate bill, granting a right of way is no justific tion for this. It seems there is to be $50,-QOO paid through the Indian Territory, and it contains the usual safe- under the contracts for an increase of sp"'ed to the extent of a guards. I think the measure ought to have gone to the Com- quarter knot an hour above the speed .specified. There is also mittee on Indian Affairs, but it went to the Committee on Ter- provision for a corresponding reduction if the speed is less, but ritories. I have looked into it and I see no objection to its pas- up to this time there has been no instance where a z·eduction has sage, unless my tdend from Ohio knows of some. been made. In every instance there1lasbeenan inc r~ase of com- The SPEAKER. This bill bas not been referred at all yet. pens::1tion to the constructors for the building of th-ese-ships, and It is a Senate bill. as I have said, there are n ow p:mding cl i.mB of this character to Mr. HOLMAN. I understood that the original bill was sent the amount of more than a .million doll:1rs to be paid upon the to the Committee on Territories. Columbia and other vessels in excess of t he contract price. lt The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the present considerar seems to me very proper that this subject should be inquired tion of the 8-Bnate bill? (A p:wse.) The Chair hears none, and into, and if gentlemen wish to understand the basis on which the question is u-n the third reading of .the b'ill. this resolution is drawn I will ask that the papers which I hold The S enate bill was ordered i;o a third reading; and it wasac- in my hand may be read. cordingly read t-be third time, :&l.d passed. Mr. BINGHAM. What is the use of delaying the .House? On motion of Mr. HUDSON -a motion to reconsider the vote Let the resolution be referred. by which the bill was passed was laid on th-e table. Mr. HDLMAN. No; I want the resoluti.on:s adopted~ I -do LEAVE OF .ABSENCE. not think they -ought to be Teierredj I think they ought to be By unanimous consent Mr. SAYERS w.as granted leave-"Ol-ab- ambm to this resolution cont'tins a number of statements which consideration of the concurrent resolution in regard to the per are controverted. It seems to me thatif,there is to be any reso sonnel of the Navy. lution upon this subject it ought to be a resolution directing The question being taken, there were-ayes 61, noes 5. the Committee on Naval Affairs to investigate the subject, and .Mr. KILGORE. I make the point of" no quorum." it ou o- ht not to be prefaced with a preamble cont:tining contro Telle1·s were ordered; and Mr. KILGORE and Mr. MEYER were vert;d statements. If the gentleman will withdraw his pre appointed. amble and introduce one that simply directs the Committee on Mr. CUMMINGS. I call for the yeas and nays. Naval Affairs to investigate the matter there will be no objec The yeas and nays were ordered. tion to it on my part. The question was taken; and there were-yeas 222, nays 18, Mr. HOLMAN. It is stated in the preamble that these alle not voting 113; as follows: gations are made, and I have the authority for that statement. YEAS-22'2. Mr. TALBOTT of Maryland. The gentleman, as I under Adams, - Covert, Hudson, Powers, stand, introduces his resolution for reference. Aitken, Cox, Hulick, Price, Alderson, CraWford, Hull, Rayner. Mr. DINGLEY. I understand that, but I do not care to have Alexander, Cummings, Hunter. Reed. a stump sneech put into a resolution for reference. Allen, Curtis, Kans. Hutche.! on, Reilly, Mr. HOLMAN. Will the gentleman from Maine consent that Apsley, Curtis, N. Y. •lkirt Reyburn. A.rnold, Dalzell, JohnSon, N.Dak. Richards, Ohio these papers shall be read? Avery, Daniels, Johnson, Ohio Richardson, Mich. Mr. LOUD. I object. Babcock, Davis, Kiefer, Richard on, Tenn. Mr. BINGHAM. I object. I have no objection to the Com Bailey, DeArmond, Kribbs, Robbins, Baker, Kans. Denson, Kyle, Robertson, La. mittee on Naval Affairs being directed to investigate this mat Barnes, Dingley, Latimer, Robinson. Pa. ter. Bartholdt, Dinsmore, Lawson, Ru~>sell, Conn. Barwig, Dockery, Layton, Russell, Ga. Mr. HOLMAN. Well, I shall have to submit to a reference Belden, Dolliver, Lefever. Ryan, if the gentleman from Pennsylvania objects to the resolution. Bell, Tex. Doolittle, Livingston, Sayers, Mr. BINGHAM. 1 do not object to the resolution. I am in Beltz hoover, Draper, Lockwood, Settle, favor of the investigation· but I object to your debating the Berry, Dunphy, Loud, Shaw, Bingham, Edmunds, Lucas, Shell, matter now. I am perfectly willing to have the resolution re Black, Ga. Ellis, Oregon Lynch, Sherman, ferred. lllair. Epe3, Maddox, Sickles, The SPEAKER. Under the rules, if this resolution was in Blanchcrd, Erdman, Maguire, Simpson, Bmn'l, Everett, Mallory, Stallings, troduced for reference it should have been handed in at the desk, Boatner, FHch, Marsh, Stephenson, but if the gentleman from Indiana desires to have it considered Boen, Fletcher, Marshall, Stockdale, now, of course that requires unanimous consent. Bowers, Cal. Forman, Martin, Ind. Stone, W. A. Branch, Funk, McAleer, Stone, Ky. Mr. DINGLEY. Does the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. HoL Brawley, Fyan. McCulloch, Strait, MAN] think that it is proper at this stage of the proceeding to Brdtz, Gardner. McDearmon, Strong, introduce and have go into the RECORD allegations taken from Broderick, Gear, McGann, Swanson, Brookshire, Gillet,N. Y. McKaig, Talbert, S.C. newspapers, when it is proposed to investigate this subject? Let Brosius, Gorman, McNagny, Talbott, Md. us know what the facts are first, and discuss and judge of them Brown, Grady, .McRae, •rate, afterwards. The gentleman propose3 to have a verdict before Burrows, Griffin, Meiklejohn, Tawney, Cadmus, Grout, Mercer, Taylor, Ind. the case is tri~d. Caldwell, Hainer, Meredith, Terry, Mr. HOLMAN. Oh, this is done almost every day. The res Campbell, Haines, Meyer, Tracey, I olution does not declare that the facts are so; it simply states Cannon, Cal. Hall, Minn. Milliken. Tucker, Cannon, ill Hall, Mo. Montgomery, Tyler, that these allegations are made. Caruth, Hammond, Moon. Upde!rra:II, Mr. DINGLEY. If the gentleman merely desires to have the Catchings, Ha•:mer, Mor · a.n, Van Voorhis, Ohlo subject investigated there is no objection; but if he wants to put Causey Harris Morse. Wadsworth, Chickering, Hartman, MmTay Wanger, in to the RECORD a stump speech under the guise of a resolution Clancy, Hatch, Mutch ~er, Washington, and prejudge the case, there is objection. Clark,Mo, Hayes, New lands, Waugh, Mr. HOLMAN. I will withdraw the preamble if gentlemen Clarke, Ala. Heard, Northway, Weadock, Cobb, Ala. Heiner. O'Fen·au, Wells, will consent that the resolution shall be considered now. · Cobb, Mo. Henderson, N. C. Outhwaite, Wheeler, Ala. Mr. TALBOTT of Maryland. The resolution ought to go to Cockrell, Hepburn, Page, . Wilson, Ohio the Committee on Naval Affairs. Coffeen, Hermann, Paynter, Wilson, Wash. Cogswell, Hilborn, Pearson, Wise, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Maryland objects. Coombs, Hines, Penee, Woodard, Mr. HOLMAN. Very well. LettheresolutiongototheCom Cooper,Fla. Hitt, Perkins, Woomer, mittee on Naval Affairs. That committee, under the rules of Cooper, Ind. Hooker, N. Y. Phillips, Wright, Mass. Cooper, Wis. Hopkins, Pa. Pickler, the House, will of course promptly report. Cousins, Houk, Ohio Pigott, The resolution wa.s so referred. NAYS-18. ORDER OF BUSINESS. Baker, N.H. Capehart, Jones, Somers, The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the committees for re Baldwin, Culberson, Kilgore, Turner, Bankhead, Hager, Pendleton, Tex. Williams, Ill ports. Bryan, Haugen, Post, Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. I ask unanimous consent that Cabaniss, Holman, Snodgrass, the first call of committees for the presentation of reports be NOT VO'.l.'ING-ll3. dispensed with, and that members be permitted to hand in their Abbott, English, Lester, Schermerhorn, reports at the Clerk's desk. We are very much pressed for Aldrich. Enloe, Linton, Scranton, Bartlett, Fellows, Lisle, Sibley, time. Bell, Colo. Flelder, Loudenslager, Sipe, Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE. I object. .. Black. lll. Fithian, Magner, Smith, The committees were called, no reports being presented. Boutelle. Funston, Mahon, Sperry, Bower, N.C. Geary, Marvin, N.Y. Springer. The SPEAKER. The morning hour for the consideration of Brattan. Geissenhainer, McCa.ll, Stevens. bills called up by committees begins now at forty minutes after Breckinridge,Arll. Gillett, Mass. McCleary, Minn. Stone, C. w. 12 o'clock. Breckinridge, Ky. Goldzier, McCreary, Ky. Storer, Brickner, Goodnight, MciJannold, Sweet, Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. I ask unanimous consent to dis Bundy, Graham, McDowell, Tarsney, pense with the second morning hour. Bunn, Gresham, McEttrick, Taylor, Tenn. Mr. MEYER. I object. Burnes, Grosvenor, McKe!ghan, Thomas, Bynuc::., Hare, McLaurin, Turpin, The SPEAKER. The call rests with the Committee on Naval Caminetti, Harter, McMillin, Van Voorhis, N.Y . Affairs, which has pending the resolution, the title of which Childs, Henderson, Ill. , Money, Walker, will be read. Cockr::m, Henderson, Iowa Moses, Warner, Compton, Hendrix, Ne1ll, Wever, The Clerk read as follows: · Conn, Hicks, Oates, Wheeler, TIL Concurrent resolution in regard to the personnel of the Navy. Cooper, Tex. Hooker, Miss. O'Neil, White, Cornish, Hopkins, llL Paschal, . Whiting, The SPEAKER. This resolution is in Committee of the Crain, Houk, Tenn. Patterson, Williams, Miss. Whole. Davey, Johnson, Ind. Payne, Wilson, W.Va. Mr. HOLMAN. I wish to make a request. I ask unanimous De Forest, Joy, Pendleton, W.Va. Wolverton, Donovan. Kern, Randall, Wright, Pa. consent to place in the RECORD certain statements in regard to Dunn, Lacey, Ray, thb subject of tbe preamble and resolution which I }lad the honor Durborow, Lane. Ritchie, to submit a few moments ago. They are very brief. Ellis, Ky. Lapham, Rusk, Mr. LOUD. I object. So the motion of Mr. MEYER was adopted. PERSONNEL OF THE NAVY. The following pairs were announced: Mr. MEYER. I move that the House resolve itself into Com Until further notice: mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union for the furc'-e r Mr. DURBOROW with Mr. RAY. / 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RE00RD- HOUSE. 209 Mr. CRAIN with Mr. HOUK of Tennessee. grant that has been conceded to other Sbtes on their ad Mr. FITHIAN with Mr. GILLETT of Massachusetts. mission. The minoritybillgivestbe usual quantum of land, but Mr. GEISSENHAINER with Mr. WRIGHT. adds a condition that if the lands selected ard arid that then two Mr. JONES with Mr. SCRANTON. acres shall be given for every acre to which the Territory would Mr. ABBOTT with Mr. HENDERS..ON of Iowa. be entitled'. There is no reason for any such condition as that. ~fr. BRECKINRIDGE of Arkansas with Mr. HOPKINS of Illi- We all know that Utah belongs to the arid region; that it is im nois. possible to cultivate anything there without the aid of irrigation, For this day: and I object to leaving the determination of the character of the ' Mr. COMPTON with Mr. STORER. lands to bureau officers here in Wn.shington, who as a rute know Mr. McGANN with Mr. LOUDENSLAGER. nothing whatever of the conditions in the arid region. Mr. GRESHAM with Mr. LACEY. Few who have not lived there can realize how entirely de Mr. SPERRY with Mr. HENDERSON of Illinois. pendent that region of country is on artificial irrigation. Al Mr. ENLOE with Mr. RANDALL. most all of the States which have been the objects of the bene Mr. BURNS with Mr. APSLEY. fa.cti<;>n of the Government heretofore in this r -e gard have been Mr. ELLIS of Kentucky with Mr. WEVER. in regions in which the lands have been watered by the rains Mr. MOSES with Mr. WHEELER of Illinois. from the heavens, but in that intermount3.in country agricul Mr. CAMINETTI with Mr. WHITE. ture can not rely upon the chance ~upply from the heavens. The Mr. MONEY with Mr. GROSVENOR. moisture there is stored in the snows falling on the mountain The result of the vote was announced as above sbted. ranges, which melt during the spring and summer and feed the The House accordingly resolved itself into Committe~ of the streams which flow into the lakes and sinks of the desert. Whole House on the state of the Union, Mr. BAILEY in the chair. In Utah [am told that every stream of any importance, with Tho CHAIRMAN. The title of the pending resolution will one single exception, empties into Salt Lake, and that the creeks be reported. relied on for irrigation empty into the streams th11t in turn flow The Clerk read as follows: into Salt Lake. It is necessary there not only to divert these Miscellaneous Document No. 39; concurrent resolution relative to an in waters from the streams over the land by c:1nals and ditches, but quiry regarding the personnel of the Navy. also to provide for artificial reservoirs in the mountains and The CHAIRMAN. When the morning hour expired on yes canons in which the water m3y be stored, so that it cm be let terday the committee was dividing on the motion to rise and down upon the lands during the period of drought, when the report this resolution favorably o the House. The tellers, the natural flow of the streams is scanty and attenuat~ d. gentleman from Texas [Mr. KILGORE] and the gentleman from It is kept there in a measure on hp, responsive to the demands of man. It is therefore utterly impossible to inaugurate a sys Louisiana (~fr. MEYER), will please take their places and resume tem of settlement in that region similar to that which has ex the count. The committee again divided; a.nd the tellers reported-ayes isted in the Mississippi and other valleys. Individual settle ment and individual reclamation C3.n not obtain genernJ.ly. It 179, noes 1. So the motion was ag-reed to. is true that the first settlers upon the banks of these rivers can, The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re by inexpensive ditches and CJJlals, divert the waters over their sumed the chair, Mr. BAILEY reported that the Committee of lands, and thus establish a crude system of irrigation; but thev the Whole House on the state of the Union, having had under in time-and I have no doubt that is the case now in Ut:th-ab consideration Miscellaneous Document No. 39, had directed him solutely absorb the natural flow of the rivers during the period to report the s3me to the House with the recommendation that of drought, and it becomes necessary there, in order to bring it do pass with an amendment. · larger areas of land within cultivation, t::> resort to this system The amendment reported by the Committee of the Whole was of storage, of establishing artificial reservoirs to which I have considered and agreed to. alluded, and of constructing canals and ditches at.greatexpense, The resolution as amended was agreed to. covering large areas of land by a comprehensive plan. On motion of Mr. MEYER, a motion to reconsider the last vote This work can therefore only be inaug.urated by the use of capital, by aggregating men together into some organization, was laid upon tbe table. GOrporate or otherwise, by employing capital in building dams, ADMISSION OF UTAH. constructing reservoirs and ditches to bring a large area of land Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I move that the under their control, and then dividing that area of land up into House now resolve itself into Committee of the WholeHouseon small farms of twenty or forty acres, and selling to settlers. Here the state of the Union to further consider the bill for the admis I may say that a farm of twenty or forty acres, irrigat'3d through- . sion of Utah. out the year, dependent upon such sytem of supply, will yield The motion was agreed to. more than a farm of one hundred and sixty or two hundred The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the acres in the Mississippi Valley. It will amply support a family. Whole House on the state of the Union, Mr. BAILEY in the I state these facts in order to show that it is essential that chair. something in the way of organized effort should be accomplished • The CHAiRMAN. The Clerk will read the title of the pend with reference to these ~rid lands; that either the United States ing bill. Government. as the proprietor of these lands, should seek their The Clerk read as follows: highest development by the construction of reservoirs and irri A bill (H. R. S52) to enable the people of Utah to form a constitution and gation ditches, and then sell the completely irrigated lands to State government, and to be admitted to the Union on an equal footing with the settler, or that the Government should transfer these lands the original States. to the various St..'ttes constituting a part of that arid region, and Mr. NEWLANDS. Mr. Chairman, I desire to avail myself of allow them to enter upon a comprehensive system of irrigation. the few moments accorded me to urge the passage of this bill That system can be conducted by the State itself, if it so chooses, for the admission of the Territory of Utah as a State in the or can be intrusted, under proper conditions and limit:ttions, to_ Union. private capital; but capital is absolutely essential, whether it be I think I express the unanimous sentiment of the people of the capital of the General Government or the capital of a State, the mining region and of the Pacific coast generally when I or the capital of private corporations and individuals; and un urge upon this House the admission of that Territory as a State. less capihl is employed in the way of organized effort it will be No apprehension whatever is indulged in with reference to the impossible to bring those St!l:t'3s up to their highest develop question of polygamy. The feeling of all who live in that re ment. gion and who are familiar by personal contact with Utah andits The majority have presented a bill in which they wisely, institutions is that polygamy is pra.ctically dead. though only partially, recognize this condition of things, and The leaven is working among the Mormons themselves. The hence grant to that State twice as much of these arid lands as they old feeling that existed between the Mormons and the Gentiles do to tbe other St.ates of agricultural lands. They ehould have is rapidly dying out, and I think the sentiment of that entire granted to theStat..eof Utahall the arid lands within its domain; section is in favor of the admission of the Territory as a State for it s.eems to be a recognized factnowthatthe General Govern _without any condition or qualification other than that which is ment, as proprietor of these lands, will not enter upon the scheme attached to the admission of every other State into the Union. of their r~clamation. If it does not, if it is not willing to dis There is one question, however, Mr. Chairman, to which I charge the duties which belong to it as proprietor of the lands, wish to direct the attention of the committee, and tow hich I de then let it transfer those lands to someone who will, either the sire especially to address myself, and that is the land-grant ques State or some organization acting under the authority of the tion. Two bills are presented here, one by the majority and the State. It is utterly impossible to rely upon individual effort. other by the minority of the Committee on Territories, differ The field of individual effort throughout the arid region is al ing, I believe, materially or solely in this varticular: The ready exhausted by the reclamation and irrigation of the lands majority bill proposes to give the Territory double the land immediately adjoining the streams. XXVI- 14 2l0 CONGRESSIONAL RE.CORDf-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, The CHAJ.B,MAN. The time of t};le gentleJD.a:Q. from Nevada constitute the reservoir from which most oi the learning upon [Mr. NEWLANDS) has expired. the silver and b~et3llic qu~stion };las come. I point you to the Mr. REED. I ask that tl;J.e gentleman may have more time. ;estless and resiStless ~.gitator, STEWART, an object of derision Mr. NEWLANDS. I only ask for three minutes. m the East, but loved m the West, whose ad.vanced ideas upon There being no objectiop., Mr. NEW;LANDS' time was ex all subjects relating to legislation are impressed upon the stn.t tended. ute books of the country. These men and men like these have Mr. NEWLANDS. I am afraid of trespassing upon the time worthily represented that Shte, and ever since her admisoion of other members who wish to be heard upon tb.e subject, and I into the Union her people and her statesmen have held an ad will simply add one word on another subject. vanced position in all matters relatinO' to the prosperity and Th;j gentleman f.rom Ohio [Mr. HARTER] yesterday, in oppos growth of the c:mntry, have contribu~d much to the general ing the me:l.Sures for the admission of Uhh to the Union, de good, and without p3rtis'Ulship, sectionalism, or prejudice h ve clared that if we had only sQme means of turn~ng out Nevada stood by policies which had in view only the gener..1l interest. whilst we let in Uhh he might be in favor of it. I do not see She deserves no slurs and shall accept none without resentment. the gentleman on the floor, and I am at a loss to know why Ne I fear I have already indulged myself a t the expense of others vada should be the special object of animadversion whenever who wish to speak, and 1 shall now close my remarks with thanks this question of the creation of a new State is brought up. Do for your_ kin~ extension a.nd indulgence. [Loud applause.] the people of that State forget that when this country w:1sin the Mr. SlMP~ON. Mr. Speaker, I shall detain the House but a throes of rebellion the Httle State of Nevada poured into the few minutes. As a member of the Committee on Territories, I lap of the nation $600,000,000? Do they forget that President would like to say a few words upon the admission of Utah. I did Lincoln, shortly before his death, viewing with gratific.1tion the not sign the report, because I was absent. Had I been present I increased output of silver in that and the adjoining States, asked certainly would have signed tb.e report for the admission of Utah Spes.ker Colfax to bear to that people a special message of con as a State into this Union. The Constitution of the Uni. ed States gra.tulationon the fact that'' the inet~easing production of silver in guarantees, or should guarantee, to every Sta.te a republican that region will aid the country in the r,estoration of specie p3y form of governm!3nt; therefore I am in favor, Mr. Chairman. of ments and solve perplexing financial questiuns "? the majority report of this committee. I believe th·::.tt the people Little did that man of sorrow and of anxiety realize that within of Uta:h1 and it ha.:' been proven on this .floor, are made up of the eight years after his death the u~ility of silver in the restoration best mt1zens of th1s country; that she has to-day sufficient po-pu of specie payments would be destroye,d; that this country by legis lation and sufficient wealth to entitle her to statehood and self lation would deny itself t,he special benefaction which nature had· government. I think that has been proven beyond dispute. given it, and that a gr.eat and controlling industry in that region The opposition to the admission of this Territory as a State i would be suppressed. confined to comparatively few memb.3 rs of this House, and I ap Why is Nevada prostrate to-day? Because the leg-islation of prehend, Mr. Chairman, that the opposition comes trom a nar the nation h:l.s been leveled against her. You have suppressed row prejudice and a sentiment that believes that if this Terri her sil ver-mlning. She b.as recently been paying attention to the tory is admitted as a St~te there will be two more Senators and wool industry, and you propose to S\lppre.ss that. Borax and two Congressmen who will probably vote against their finan soda are her only rem3tining minerals on which sb,e can rely. cial ideas. I do not belie!e that theEe is any oppo ition in this She has for years been engaged i.)1 the process of developing vast House except that. How do they know' that when this State is fields of soda and bor~, and you propose to put them upon the admitted into the Union that those vie:ws will be held by the free list. This tariff is to be fra.p1ed. in such~ way that New people? They may, as a matter of fact, by that time believe in ~land shall have everything free tha~ she does not produce the theory advocated by the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. HAR and everything protected tb.at she does. · TER], who spoke in opposition to this bill. They ma.y, if they Mr. REED. Do not charge New England with having a hand read the circulars that he has put into circulation throughout in that. New England is as adverse to this tariff bill as you the country, believe that the financial system of the country are, and will show it by her votes. and the money of the country should be based upon bank cred Mr. BOWERS of California {to Mr. NEWLANDS). Be a little its, checks, and drafts, which is hi theor.y..a.bout furnishing the - c3.reful about telling the truth .about that. financial policy of this country. Mr. NEWLA.NP::S. I do not know how or by what queer pro But I am willing t<> trust to the intelligence of the people of cess this unnatural alliance has been brought about between the Utah to settle that question for themselves. They are certainly South and N.ew England. but it .se~ms that lt has been accom wise enough not to adopt any financial policy that will not be for pUshed, both on the tariff &nd on financi,al questions, and the the interest of that community. I am willing to trust to the in \"Vest has been left out. telligence of the West to settle the questions that involve their Now, I say t,hat Nevada has been prostr.ateQ. by legislation, and interests. It has been clearly proved that since the building of by legislation alone. The protection given to industries in other railroads, the opening up of commerce, and the flow of popula sections of the country has been withdrawn; silver, the acknowl tion from th.e East to Utah, ijle effect has been to remove all pos edged IlfOney metal of the world, has ;been stricken down; her sibility of the reestablishment of polygamy in that Territory . • miners have been denied the right which has existed through The gentleman from Ohio'[Mr. HARTER]; in his remarks last the centuries of taking their silv.ertothemints and there having evening-I am sorry he is not present now-went out of his way, put on it the stamp of the realm and made coin. Every indus as it seemed to me, to say that he objected to the admission of try upon which she has relied has been or is being attacked; and Utah as a State because it would give her two Senators, a repre yet the very men who aimed the fatal blow now deride her be sentation too large for her population. cause she iS prostrate. Mr. Chairman, I think that objection comes witb a very poor Gentlem_en, N evadadeserves nothing like contempt Qr derision. grace from the gentleman from Ohio, whoprofesses to be a good She is sm!ill in population, but she i,s gr.eat in the vigor and in Democrat. The Constitution of the United States provides that tellect of her people. Iapproached.asmall-mindedman who hap every State shall have two Senators, upon the principle that the pened to hold a position under the late Administration with Senators ar.e the representatives of the States, and not directlv reference to an appointment from that State and be said to me, of the people; and the Democrats of this country have always "Don·tyou think little Nevadahashadenough?" I said,' Yes; been great sticklers for carrying out tbe provisions o1 the Con if you consider the spaL'ceness of her population; but no, if you stitution. Now, I should like to know how·the gentleman from consider the brains of her men." [Applause.] I point you to the Ohio, as a Democrat, can consistently make an objection of that long line ol distinguished statesmen who have represented that kind to the admission of Utah ns a State. Another t,bing, the State upon the floors of Congress. It is taunted with being a gentleman went out of his way ulso to attack nearly every State "rotten borough" and the home of millionaires; the place from in the West and Northwest and theh· governors. [L'lughter.] which millionaires are returned to Congress. He attacked the great State of Kansas and her governor. Point me a millionaire who has ever represented that State Now, sir, I do not wish to say anything against the State of who has not h :id brains. In that State the mere possession of Ohio. She is as good a State as there is in the Union, and her wealth is not a disqualmcation for office. The men who have people are as good and intelligent as the people of any other represented that State in the Senate and in the House of Repre St3te in the Union. The sons of Ohio have contributed largely sentatives of the United States have been men who have won to make Kansas what sheisto-day. ButthegentlemanfromOhj.o success there by the exercise of robust qualities of mind and went out of his way to attack the governor of my State in con body. They have not won their wealth by the proce.,s of nection with a recent circular that he has issued, proposing to money-lending or in the devious ways of Wall street, but by stand between the poor and those who would oppress them, pro wr ~ s tling- •iYith nature in her very strongholds; and the people po,ing to help the people of this country who are out of employ of that country have recognized their meri~ anQ..sent them here. ment, in consequence: as I believe, of vicious legislation brought I point yo '.I to a JoNEs, who in the ~a.st Brussels Conference was about b.v men who advocate the financial principl s of which tl;I.e r.ecqgniz.ed ~ superior to any man there on all qu~stipns r.elating gentlem;m from Ohio hims~lf is one of the prominent champions~ · to political economy and monetary scifipce1 !J.l+!i whos~ speeches ThE} d"emop._~tization of silver and the return to a singl~ gold 1893. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD~HOUSE. 211 ~andard in this country is, I believe one of the causes that have . Moreever, the witnesses who appeared on that occasion in oppo fiJrougbt us to the condition in which we are to-day. sition to the admission or to the" home rule "principle in Utah The governor of my State, a humane man, bas issued a circu those witnesses, when driven to the wall, as you will see by ex lar suggesting that these poor people ought not to be treated as amining their statements, admitted that polygamy was dead in crimin::tls until they h~ve committed some overt act, some offense that Territory, and that it was not an obstacle to its admission against the law; th:tt they ought not to be arrested and treated into the Union. If that be true, there is no longer any ground as vagrants or cl'iminals until they have committed some crime. of objection to admission. Mr. Chairman~ it is the l:1ws of your country that have made But we had some illustrations here yesterday that seemed to those people tramps. The Democrats say th'i.t the present con me unique in their character. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. dition results from the high protective tariff, building up mo HARTER], rather looking upon polygamy, I believe, as no very nopolies and denying to labor proper access to opportunities for great crime, inasmuch as according to his view it is practiced the production of wealth. The Republicans say that this condi all over the United States, could see no objection to the admis tion is brought about by the threat to abolish the protective tar sion of Utah upon that ground; but ransacking his ingenuitY he iff system and to establish Tree trade in this country; while the discovered th'1-t this Territory had noti so large a population as Populists declare that it is largely owing to the financial system the State of Ohio, and therefore he determined it is not en which, since 1873, has deprived the nation of a sufficient amount titled to come into the Union with the same rights and privi of money with which to do business, and thereby has paralyzed leges as are accorded to all of the St:1tes. And when his at business. tention was called to the fact that here were Rhode Island and Mr. Chairman, whether the present condition is due to one of Delaware in the Union, enjoying these rights and privileges, be these causes or to another makes no difference in this discussion. replied that by some mysterious dispensation of Providence the The facts are that we are in this condition, a·nd that multitudes "blood of the Revolution" had given those States special and of our people are unable to find employment, and the People's honored ~rivileges over and above the balance of the people of party, although they may not have discovered any great p:m the United States. acea that will cure all the evils with which society is affiicted, I do not pretend to go into any argumentof that sort. I have certainly do stand to-day as the friends of those poor people and no time to discuss the mistakes of the fathers. I simply say that are engaged in an earnest effort to better their condition. The to-day Uta.h possesses under the Constitution and laws of the governor of my State has simply attempted to put into practice United States thfl requisite popUlation for admission into the the teachings of the Christian religion, the doctrine that all men Union. are brothers in this world, the doctrine of the fatherhood o! God One matter more and I am done, because I do not want to oc and the brotherhood of man, and as soon as he attempts to carry cupy the attention of this Committee of the Whole more than a into effect the teachings of Christ, men call him a crank, and all short time. If my position is correct, that polygamy has prac the little two by seven newspapers and all the little two by nine tically ceased and been abandoned in the Territory of Utah, I politicians in the country jump onto him for it. [Laughter.] desire to know whether it would not be putting a stigma upon Mr. ARNOLD. It seems, Mr. Chairman, that this debat-e has her to adcit her under an act embracing the amendment pro· given opportunity for the discussion of past records. It has also posed by the minority report of this committee. Is -it not equiv demonstrated the fact, as was shown upon yesterday, that such alent to saying to that TerrHory or its people, "We doubt your is not at all times a pleasant undertaking-. Therefore! shall not sincerity; we know that you have performed all that you have now go into any history whatsoever of Utah or of its institutions undertaken; we know that you have complied with every jot and in the past. I am here to say that I am no apologist for po tittle of eyery promise you have made to us; we know that to lygamy. I believe it to be the putrid excrescence of a sensuous day, so far as we can see you stand upon an equal footing with mind. The light of civilization has been turned upon it and the the people of these United States, yet nevertheless we propose eyes of the people of the United States to-day look upon it only to doubt you; we propose to say by this bill that if we give you in lo3.thing and in horror. But, sirs, while all this may be true, statehood we are fearful that you may relapse into your former and while the stain of polygamy may cling to the past record of condition." Now, gentlemen, if you believe that, then do not that Territory, yet if to day it has forsaken the infamous prac admit this Territory at all. If she is to come in with leading tice and stands upon an equal foo ling with the balance of the strings of this sort, then in Hroven·s name let her remain out of sisterhood of States, then I take it that we will not look to such the Union longer. We want no States but those which are sov record, but simply to the present attitude of the people of Ut:lh, ereign and equal in all respects; and I shall therefore vote and will act upon the principle that the only questio_n for con against the minority report upon tha~ ground. sideration is the present good standing of that Territory. · Now, Mr. Chairm.m, here comes a Territory knocking at the Now, sir, I do not want to refer to the records of the Mormon doors of the ·Union for admis3ion . . She c.omes full panoplied Church. I care nothing about going back to the manifesto of with wealth, intelligence, population. You need not doubt her. 1890. I care nothing about the great conference that was held She can not recede. Why, sir, you might as well expect the a few days thereafter, in which that manifesto was unanimously days of religious bigotry to oversprea-d the St11 te of Massachu indorsed. I care nothing about all these things. I simp-ly re setts; yoLl might as well expect to st em the tide ol irresistible fer to the fact that si,nce the issue of that m <.tnifesto polygamy progress as to expect that Utah, having bathed in the splendors has practically ceased and been abandoned in the Territory of of Anglo Saxon civilization will return to the darkness and the Uhh. More than that, Mr. Chairman I call the attention of deg-radation of her former condition. this committee to the iact that, outside of ecclesiastical pro Why, sir, the very deere~ of fate forbid. The planets them ceedings, outside of the fact that the Legislature of the Teni selves move not more surely in their courses than does the eter tory of Utah has passed laws stringent in their eh ra~ter pro nal march of right and morality. Let us, then, admit this Terri hibiting the practice of polygamy in that Territory-that in ad tory upon an equal footing with the other States of the sister dition to all this, the question of the admission of Utah has been hood; let us say by our vote that we have faith in local self-gov thoroughly investigated by a committee of this House. ernment, and thus be able to add a new star that shall move in Gentlemen·of prominence, gentlemen of standing in that Ter hH.rmony and beauty in our great American constellation. [Ap ritory, in February, 1892 came before the Committee on Ter plause.] ritories and gave their statements, which are upon record and [Mr. WASHINGTON withholds his remarks for revision. See which can be seen by ev~ry member of the Hou!3e. They speak in no uncertain -terms. They tell you the facts as they exist Appendix.] there to-day. And having viewed th3.t testimony impartially Mr. OATES. Mr. Chairman, I have long since been satisfied from beginning to end. but one conclusion can be drawn therefrom, that polygamy as it existed in the Territory of Utah was cru3hed and that is the conclusion which I announced in the beginning out and destroyed by the enforcement of the Edmunds-Tucker of my remarks-that that infamy no longer exists in the Terri law. Thus believing, I was in favor of the admission of Utah tory of Utah. into the Union as a State at least four years ago. I knew then Who were those witnesses? Two of them were men who haye that they had the requisite population, intelligence, and wealth, eat upon the supreme bench of the Territory. One of them, a and that the Territory was sufficiently large; and I believed then, United States marshal appointed by Mr. Harrison, who had been as I do now, that it was refused admission for political and par brought in contact with the people of the Territory and who had, tisan reqsons. Since that time. observing that the State of Ne therefore, peculiar and par-a.mount opportunities of observing vada, which ad ;oins it, continued to lose its population, it occurred -and noting the trend of thought in this regard. And these to me that there was quite a question for the consideration gentlemen having submitted their statements to you having of Congress as to what would become of that State if this thing given their testimony, all cumulative upon that point,' even so continued. far back as~bruary, 1893, in what impartial mind can there Now, I do not controvert the stn.tmnent of the gentleman from rest to-day a solitary doubt as to th~ existence or nonexistence Nevada [Mr. NEWLANDS] of the intelligence and worthiness of o1 polygamy in the Territory of Utah? the inhabitants of that State; but it is a fact which stares all of 21.2 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, . us in the face that it continues to lose its population. Three within twenty days after the passage of this act, by proclamation order an election of the delegates aforesaid in said Territory, to be held on such day years r. go, when the census was taken, it had but about 40,000; as he may in such proclamation designate, not less than sixty nor more and I s::tw in a Cali ·ornia paper since that time that the popula than ninety days after the issuing thereof. The board of commissioners tion of the State now does not exceed 33,000. If their mining known· as the Ut.ah Commission is hereby authorized and requ.irt!d to cause a new and complete registration of voters of said Territory to be made industries continue to be less and less profitable, what may the under the provisions of the laws of the United States and said TErritory, population in that State be reduced to within afewyearslonger? except that the oath required for registration under said laws shall be Down to 20,000, and possibly 10,000 people. Would not it be an so moditled as to test the qualifications of the electors as prescribe:! in this act; such new registration to be made as nearly conformable with the pro· anomaly ior a State of the Union, with an equal vote with the visions of such laws as may be; and such election for delegates shall be con great State of New York in the_ Senate and with a Representa ducted, the returns made, the result ascertaine::l. and the certificate of per tive here, to continue a State in the Union with but a handful in sons elected to such convention issued in the same manner as is prescribed by the laws of said Territory regula.t.ing elections therein of members of the population? The expense of maintaining a State government LegislatW"e. Persons possessing the qualifications entitling t hem to vote by such a small population is very heavy. for delegates under this act shall be entitled to vote on the ratification or Now, 1 do not agree wi~h the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. HAR rejection of the constitution, under such rules or regulations .as said con TER] that it is wrong in principle that a small St:tte shall have vent.ion may prescribe, not in conflict with this act. an equal vote in the Senate with a large State. But for the Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. Mr. Chairman, I offer the adoption of that principle the Union would never h a.ve been amendment which I send to the Clerk's desk. formed, for the small St:1tes would not have gone into it; but it The amendment was read! as follows: seems to me that when a State is growing less and less all the Strike out lines 1, 2, 3, 4, and the first six words of line 5, in section 2, and time there ought to be some remedy for it. It is the province substitute the following: ' ' EC. 2. That all persons who are qualified by the laws or said Territory to of Congress to admit new States into the Union under this vote for r epresentatives to the Legi'5la.tive Assembly t hereof are hereby au clause of the Constitution: thorized to vote for and choose delegates to form a convention in said Terri· New States may be admi.tted by the Congress into this Union; bnt no new tory; and the qualifications for delegates to such convention shall be such State shall be formed or erect-ed withln the jurisdiction of any other Stata; as by the laws of said 'l'erritory persons are required to po~sess to be eligi I ' nor any State be formed by the junctioD of two or more States, or parts o' ble t.o the Legislative Assembly thereof." Stat-es, without the consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned, as well as of the Congress. Mr. WHEELER of Alab3.IIla. Mr. Chairman, occupying as I do the position of chairman of the Committee on Territories, Then again, I think Con_g-ress has absolute power to dispose of I ha:l intended closing the-general debate, but yielded my time to this Territory under the following clause of the Constitution: gentlemen who desired to express their views. The Congress shall have power to dispose of and make all needful rules I will therefore be p:1rdoned for taking this opportunity to ex and regulations respecting the territory or other property belonging to the plain the features of the amendments which will be offered dur United States, etc. ing- the consideration of the bill by sections. The question as to the necessity of a clause in the constitu It is clear that Congress has not the power to destroy or dis tion of the proposed St!Ltd prohibiting polygamy, engaged the establish a State; but it occurred tome as a good &olution of this attention of the committee. and upon that point alone was there difficulty, without interfering with the right.s of the State of any materi~ division of opinion. A portion contended that any Nevada, and also giving the p-eople of Utah a position in the such requirement was not necessary, while others were of the Union to which they are entitled, during the last session, the opinion that the condition was of a tchP~racter which caUed for extra session of Congress, I introduced a bill. which was referred provisions which are not usual in laws enacted by Congress for to this same committee, to add the Territory of Uhh to the the admission of Territories into the sisterhood of St tes. State of Nevada. The only question there is about that, or the The people of Utah fully appreciated the force of this conclu power of Congress to do it, is as to the consent of the State of sion, and in the constitution framed by them in 1887 they en Nevada. grafted such a provision in that instrument. · The power in Congress to absolutely dispose of the Territory Section 12 of the constitution adopted by the people of Utah rests in its own discretion. I have received information-I do was in these words: not know how true it is-that this would be_perfectly satisfac SEc. 12. Bigamy and polygamy being considered incompatible with "are tory to the State of Nevada. If so, it certainlyoughttobedone. publican form of government," each or them is hereby forbidden and de It is no ad vantage to multiply the number of States we have in clared ~misdemeanor. the Union; but the people of the Territory of Utah ought to be Any person who shall violate this section shall, on conviction thereof, be ptmished by a fine of not more than 311,000 and imprisonment for a term not admitted into the Union either as an independent State or in less than six months nor more than three years. in the discretion of the corporated with another State; and I think the wisest way to statesmanship and wisdom founded the great Democratic party, The table is as follows: which has done so much to make our land great, free, and pros Table showing the condition and st1·ength of tke Mormon Ohut•ch of Latter-Day pet ous [applause]; the State that gave us a Marshall to frame the , Saints ir. Utah. judicial system of which we are so proud, and, I may be p:irdoned for saying, the State which in later years gave to the world two great heroes, whose characters in ages to come will be pointed at as the exemplifications of the bigbest type of moral manhood soldiers, t he sheen of whose swords will Ulumine the pages of his tory for thousands of ages to come, and the courage and fortitude Counties. of Virginh soldiers led by such superb commanders as these will furnish themes for _r oe try and romance as long asci vilization shall exist-the State that produced these men was only restored t.o statehood by adopting a constitution which overturned their most ------t---1------cherished traditions, destroyed the property which was the Beaver.. ______...... 6 5 1, 395 1 ...... ---- 25, 100 1' 342 accumulation of a century; deprived substantially every intelli Box elder------._·---- 17 8 2,550 11 1,470 24,000 4,776 Cache------23 21 7 920 2 300 87, {)(.() 6, 962 gent and educated man of the right of suffrage, and placed that Davis ------·------ 10 9 4' 700 1 100 36, 500 4, 686 glorious State under the control of ignorant negroes, who but a Emery------11 3 '525 8 2, 375 13, 475 2 243 few months before were the slaves of the men who made Virginia Garfield .. ------6 6 1, 450 ...... 10,900 1: 4C>O Iron .... ------5 5 1 950 17, j(}} 2, 251 a great and prosperous Commonwealth. · _ Jua.h ______6 5 1:800 1 ------65- 19,6JL 3,100 I think, Mr. Speaker, that the reconstruction acts which I Kane ____ ------_____ ---- 8 1 300 7 885 1, 4.00 2, 161 A1Iu;..rd ------·--- 8 3 1, 3:!5 5 1, 350 11. 000 2, 815 have before me controvert with great emphasis the assertion Morgan ---- ______---- 9 3 950 7 780 3, 200 1, 47!:1 that there is no precedent for legislation by Congress for the Piute ______. ------8 4 850 5 810 3,800 1,609 proposed provision. Rich .... ______------5 3 610 2 150 5, ~0 1, 118 The amendment prepared by myself is in these words: Salt Lake ____ ------43 38 13,015 7! 2,185 222,69-! 23,4:~8 San Juan ____ .... ______1 1 250 ------1,500 180 The constitution shall be republican in form, and make no distinction in Sanpete .... ______·--- 16 14! 7, 7t:O 2 500 56, 0~0 12,713 civil or p0litical rights on account of race or color. except as to Indians not s~vier ------13 6! !!, 300 6 1, 230 16,715 3, 9-*3 taxed, and not be repugnant to the Constitution of the United States and Summit ______--·_---- 13 7~ 4, 550 3 350 20 250 2, 383 the principles of the Declaration of Independence. And said convention Tooele------7 6 1,575 1 ------13' ~65 1,974 shall provide, by ordinance irrevocable without the consent of the United Uinta------ 6 1 5GO 5 1, 047 '8li0 1, E88 States and the people of said State- Utah------ZT · 18 7,050 14 3,038 6;},450 19,240 First. That perfect toleration of religious sentiments shall be secured, a.nd Wasatch------·--. ___ _ 5 4 2, 600 2 300 7, 200 3. 057 that no inhabitant of said State shallever be molested in person or property Washington------19 8 1, 650 12 1, 925 4, 150 i 680 on account of his or her mode or religious worship. But said constitution Weber ______.. ----- 21 10 4, 800 12 2, 005 61, 125 10:351 shall prohibit polygamy or dual marriage, and polygamy or dual marriage shall be declared by such constitution to be felony and punishable by any TotaL______293 72,375 , 1Hl ,-20,865 733,216 1 117,629 or the courts of said State of competent jm·isdiction by inflicting a fine of not less than $1,000 or more than $5,000, and confinement in the penitentiary for not less tha.n one year or more than five years. [Here the hammer fell.] Any provision, however, which meets the objectionable evil Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. I ask unanimous consent to add will be gladly accepted as a substitute. If the people are sincere a few words. - in their determination to prevent the recurrence of the practice There was no objection. . . of polygamy, such a provision in the constitution will certainly Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. Mr. Chairman, there is one aid them in carrying out that laudable purpose. other amendment which has been suggested. It is to provide That the population of Ut3h is verylargelycomposed of mem that the amount of land given to the State of Utah shall be the bers of the. ~ormon Church is shown by the last census. same as has been given to the other Territories recently admit The following table gives the total population by the censuses ted as States. But to meet the contention that these lands are of 1880 and 1890, and also the population of each county: arid, I aad a proviso that in case any of th~ lands t:shall be found Population of Utah, 1880 and 189o, and increase during the decade. to be of that character, then the State shall receive two acres for one. Population. Increase. With regard to the soil of Ubh I read the following from the Counties. American Cyclopredia., volume 16, page 233, viz: 1890. N Per 1880. umber. cent. Much of the soil of Utah possesses the elements ot fertility and when irri ------1 ------~ ------gated produces good crops. In narrow belts around the lakes a.nd rivers, and along the streams, the moisture is sometimes sufficient without irri Beaver------··------3,340 3, 918 578 14.75 gation, but the plains in their natural st,ate are. for the most part, hard, dry, Boxelder ... ---····-----·-·-----·------·--· 7,642 6,761 881 13.03 and barren, frequently covered with a saline incrustation, and producing Cache ______------.. ------15, 509 12,502 2, 947 23.46 o_ly sagebrush and occasional tufts of sand grass and bu!l'alo or gama grass. Davis ____ ---·---- ______---- ____ ---·------6, 751 5,279 l, 472 27.88 Emery ------____ 5, 076 556 4, 520 812.95 Garfield------.. ------2,457 2,457 Notwithstanding this we learn from the Census Reports that up Grand----. .: .. _____ ------.... ------541 541 to this time comparatively little land has been brought into cul Iron ____ ------.... ------...... 2, 683 4, 013 1, 330 33.14 tivation. It has been considered that it was necessary to i rri Juab ..... ------5,582 3, 474 2,108 60.68 Kane------1 685 3,085 1,400 45.38 gate to make farming profitable, but owing to the difficulties and Millard .... ------.. _____ ------4:033 3, 721 306 8. 21 uncertainties in obtaining a supply of water. many farmees in Morgan ______.. ______1,780 1, 7F3 3 0.17 northern counties have adopted what is called dry farming. 1 I read from the Census Report upon Irrigation in Utah: ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~ ==~~==~~ :::::~ = ~ === :::: i:~ {: ~~ ' ~~ ~: M I 58,457 31,917 26,480 82.81 SaltSan JuanLake------______---- 365 204 161 78.92 Owing to the difficulties and uncertainties concerning the supply and dis tribut ion of water, many farmers in the northern c~untie3 have gone to the extreme of declaring that dry farming is preferable wherever it is possible, ~:~~~~~::~~~~::~~::~~:===~~:: ==~= :::: ==== 1~: ~~~ 1!: ~~i ~: ~~~ ~: ~ and. that in many localities, by carefully preparing the land by summer fal Summit ...... ------7,733 4,921 2,812 57.14 lowmg and planting at a proper season, cereals can be raised to a greater Tooele .. ------3,700 4,497 m 17.72 profit than by irrigation, although the yield per acre is far less. Alfalfa. or, Uinta.------·------2,762 799 1,963 245.68 as it is usually termed, lucero, 1s raised in many counties without water, Utah ..... ____ ------______.. ____ 23,768 17,m3 5, 795 32.24 one cutting of the plant being made, and then, no walier being applied, a Wasatch------3, 595 2.927 668 ~2.M crop of seed is raised. Washington------=----·------4,009 .t;235 226 5.34 Weber------____ ------____ 22,723 12,344 10,379 84.08 With regard to the difficulty of procuring water, the same re TotaL ...... --- -"---- ____ .... ------207,905 1 143,963 63,942 1 44.42 port from the census says: With the present unregulated water supply the success of farming depends largely upon the amount of snowfall in the mountains and the time of year I have also prepared a table from the Census Reports showing in which this occurs. If the snow falls early in the winter, it usually be the strength of the Mormon Church, designated by its adher come.-> hard. and does not melt until the heat of summer has become intense and the needs of the crops are greatest. On the other hand, if the snow falls ents as t.he Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. late in the winter, it does not have time to become compact, but melts in By this table we see that every county in Utah has several the ea-r:ly sprip.g, and runs to waste long before the farmers have the greatest organized churches of this persuasion, that the communicants necessity for 1t. of these churches exceed in number one-half of the population, A number of attempts have been made in various parts of the Territory to ragulate the supply, and stora~ works have been built on a small scale, . and that the seating capacity of the churches and halls used as some of which are successful. Thesf•, when placed in suitable localities out churches is nearly one-half of the population, and it must be re of the reach of floods, not in the course of a river or the drainage from a large area of barren rocks, have justified the plans of their builders, and membered that this strong condition of the church is shown bv have rende;ed possible the cultivation of numerous tracts of valuable lands. the census of 1890, which was taken after thousands of Mormon~s had left Utah and settled in Old Mexico. In reading this report I find evidence that in localities where 214 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, the supply of water is ample the labor and expense of applying gration from other States and foreign countries; but more espe water to irrigation is comparatively small. The report says: cially by births. The Census Reports gi e the following facts: Whenever the irrigator has an ample supply of water allotted to hls field, Between the ages ot 5 and 17 years------67,465 and his irrigating stream is as large as he can control, the labor of applying the water to the land is comparatively small, for it penetrates to all parts of 6 the land, advancing rapidly over the dry soil. On the other hand, however, ~~~I::~~n-~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~: ~ when his irrigating stream is Yery small, he must spend a far longer time in carefully conducting it to each spot where water iM needed, and the dry Between the ages of 18 and 20 years_------____ ------12,472 soil seems to drink up the little rill as it slowly creeps along, and demands from the farmer ~eat patience and skill. Many irrigators are succe. sful as 1 long as water is rn abundance, but when the time comes to economize they ~;;ter::~~~n-: ==== :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~ ~~~ can not accommodate themsel>es to the new circumstances, and tb.eircrops :::::::::::::: sutrerin consequen.;e. Males between ages of 5 and 20 years ______------40,498 Females between ages ot 5 and :c!O years ______39,439 In another ps.rt of the report I find a statement that up to 1890 dry farming was only about 10 per cent of the land cultivated. Total ____ ------____ . ______------______------79,937 The report reads: · Total males of voting age ______------54,471 In Utah crops were raised by irrigation in the census year ended June 30, 18SO, on 263,473 acres, or 41I.68 square mile , a trifieover five-tenths of 1 per The idea often expres:s ed by persons ignorant of the facts. that cent of the entire area. of the Territory. The aggregate number of farms the people of Utah are mostly foreignel's, is mostsucces8fully re was 10.757, and of these 9,72!. or about nine-tenths, depended upon irrigation, the remaining tenth being either stock ranches or farms in the northern end futed by the Census Reports, which make the following sho ~ing: of the Territory, where the climate is less arid, or situated so high in the 1 mountains that crops can be raised by what is known as • dry farming." ~~~i fo~~:~r~?~~- ::::::::::::: ::::::::: ·.::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: ~; ~J The bill as reported makes a direct appropriation and dona The proportion of foreign born to American born in Utah is tion of 1,350 OOJ acres of land, including all saline lands, and in less th:om in the States of North D.iko · , Minnesot!l., Mont·:ma., addition thereto, for school purposes, four sections in each town Nevada, Wisconsin, Rhode Ishnd, California, Massachusetts, ship, amounting to 6,0-!2,311 acres, thus making a total donation South Dakota, New York, Michigan. Washington, and the Ter- oi 7,392,311 acres. The grants heretofore made to States on ritory of Arizona. · their admission, for school purposes, have been as follows: On'ty in three Sts.tes and one Teeritory has the foreign popu lation decreased more than in Ut~h during the census dec ~lde. The p~rcentage of a.liens.who speak the English langua.ge ·is State. Total area. • State. Total area. gre J t~r m Utah than m thirty-two States and two Territories. T he popuhtion of Utah consists largely of t he white element, there being of colored persons, embracingcivilizedlndians, Chi SECTIO~ 16. Acres. SECTIONS 16 .AND 36. Acre8. Call!ornia ______6, 719,324 nese, Japanese, and Hawaiians, as well as negroes. only j,Q06 in Ohio __ ------704,488 Minnesota ______Indiana ______------650,317 2, 969, 9~1() the entire Territory, less in proportion to the whites than in any Illinois ______------985,066 Oregon ______---- 3, 3-2;), 706 Missouri ______---- of the Pacific States and Territories. 1, I99, 139 Kansas ______------______2, 801,308 · I ha\'e, with some trouble, p t•epared a table showing the pop Alabama ------OO'J, 744 Nevada ____ ------3,98:1,428 Mis.:issippi__ __ ------______837 584 Nebraska------ 2, 70:!, 04.4 ulation of every State admitted into th e Union as shown by the Louisiana------7136:044 Colorado------ 3 715 555 census taken next preceding the date of admis icn and also the Michiga-n ______1,037, 397 Washington------2;48s: 675 Arkansas ______------886,460 The two Dakotas ______5, 366,451 population a.s shown by the census next following the date of ad mi'3ion. Florida ------908,503 IdahoMontana ______------_ 5,112,035 Iowa ______------__ ---- 905,144 3,063,231 The table is as follows: Wisconsin ______958,649 Wyoming ______3,480,281 Table Bhf?UJ~ng date of adfl!isBion. of each State, the representatioe ratio at date of admumo_n, tke populatz.on by tke census tal:.en next preceding the admission, the populatwn by the censu8 next J ollotoin g tke admission, and the ''atio of in In view of this fact, the Senate has twice declined to make re crease during decade of admis~tzon. ports upon bills which give this exceptionally large donation • T-< Population by cen -~ of land to Utah, and a portion of the House Committee on Terri !; ~ . SUM next previout:~ Population by ~ tm·ies thought it best to amend the bill soasto more nearly con ..., ,_.. 11'2 to admis ion. following census. .,_. . form to the views so emphatically expressed by the Senate. ~~~ 0~ Should the amendment proposed by them be adopted, the bill State. i - I ; I I ....'O:o· ij would still m 1ke a direct and unconditional donation to the State acfr;~~i~n. e~~ ~ 3 '""'o ~ ~ ~ .....; 0 ()~ A= P :t:J ...... +> :;:i _$ ;... of 9:~0,000 acres of land, including 3,000 acres of saline lands. The ~s..o ~ o o ~ o o ~ propo~ ed amendment also donates to the State of Utah, when admitted, for school purposes, 3,021,156 acres, making a total do - 1 --1--1~1-8 -~~~ ~ Vermont ____ Mar. 4,1791 33,000 85,1M 271 8.'5,425153,908 557 154-,405 so nation of 3,751,156 acre . In order to meet the contention that 1 KentuckY--- June 1,1792 33,000 61,133,12,54-4 73,6Gi1179,87H1,0822ZJ,955 200 much of the land proposed to be donated is arid land, the amend 'l'enue::;see __ Jnne I, 1796 33, 000( 31, 9\3,3, 778 35,6911 91, 'iOD13,893105,602 195 ment also provides that in all cases where such lands are in Ohio __ : _____ Nov.29,1802 31,000j 45,0"28 331 45,3652:.!8,861 1,899230,71Al 4.08 Louisiana. -- Apr. 3U, 1812 35,000 34., 311 42,245 76,556 73,383 79,540 152,923 100 cluded in the lands granted by the bill the donations shall be Indlana ____ Dec.1l.1816 35,()()0,23,890 630 24,52014.),7.8 1, 420.147, 178 500 doubled in quantity; th:'tt is to say, that incaseanyland received MLc;;sis:slppL Dec. 10,18I7 35,()()()J 16,002 14,70! 31,306, 42,17633,272175,448 14.0 is arid land the St:1te of Utah, when admitted, shall receive two Alabama ___ Dec. H, 18I9 35, 000' 6, 42'~ 2, 624 9, 046 85,451 4:3,450 127, 90I 1 :312 acres for every one which is donated by this bill. Illinois----- Dec. 3,1818 35,0JOj l1,501 781 1~,28:.! 1 53,788 l,374j 55,162 'g.:;o Maine .. 7 ~--- Mar.15,1820 35,000122!,736 9~~.70 .)~,~0 ,!,19229 ;~ 33 The c:mtention of the gentlemm from Ohio [Mr. HARTER] 66() 1.\tiSl:iourL. .. Aug.l~, 1821 40,2:J0 5~, 98810, 5t>£ 60, 557 114, , ~5 :..;,, 1140, 4.!> 111 that the Territory did not have sufficient population to justify Arkansas ___ Junelo,1836 47,t00 2.:>,671 4,7It 30,388 77,lt4:..lQ,4001 97,5t4 221 admission is not justified by facts. Not only is the population Mich_igan ... Jan. 26,1837 47,700 31,346 2':13 31,639 2I1,560 70~ !212,26! 570 Flonda _____ Mar. 3,1845 ~g·~~o 1l 27,94326,53i 54,477 47,203 4<>,242 87,44o 60 amply sufficient but the intelligence and character of the peo Texas ______Dec. 29,1845 ,uc ------______154,03l1i58,5582I2, 6f•2 ____ _ 0 1 ple of that section i'S all that can be asked. Iowa ______Dec. 28, 1846 70,680, 42, 9-..U 188 43,112,191,881 3331jl2,2I4.j 345 The census of 1890 places the populi.tion of Utah at 207,905, W~consin.... May 29, ~8!8 70,680 30, 7~ 1~ [ 30,945 3-;t, 7;! '1 63.1:305,39ll 886 California __ Sept. 9,1850 93,423 91, 63o 96-101, 5U7 3·!3, lt, 4, 0 6 327,263 310 which is 15,0-11 more than tne combined population of the States Minnesota __ May 11,1858 93,423 6,038 39 6,077)169,395 25911ti9,6542, 730 of Montana and Wyoming, and 17,054 inexcess of the entire pop Oregon ______Feb. 14, 1859 93,423 13.087 207 13, 29!1 5:U60! 128/ 52,288 294 Kansas ______Jan.29,1861 121,ll81106,390 6Zil07,017J346,3i717,108 203,48:) 240 ulation of the adjoining Skttes, Nevada1 Idaho, and Wyoming, w. Virginia J"une19,1863 121,381 ______424.033,17,9801442,013 ____ _ and 3l,OJ4 more than required under the census of 1890 for a Rep Nevada ______Oct. 31,1864 I~ 381 6,81:.! 4? 6,~7 ( ~~,!>59 3;>7 ~,316 520 resentative in Congress. • Nt~br a ska ___ Mar.l,1867127,381 28,6?6 82 28,7,812:!,117 789122,906 32!! The populatiun h!ls greatly increased since the census was Colora4o ____ Aug. 1, 1l:l76 131,~ &l.22I 455 39,6ii 191 , 126, 3,201193,551 388 N. Dakota.__ :rov. 2, 1~ 9 131, 42f> 36,094 t8I5 36, 9031 216 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, I suppose there is no ques when admitted as a State, from that which was pursued with tion that every member on the floor of this House desires sin reference to any of the other States, a difference which Congress cerely and honestly to put an end to polygamous marriages in can not exercise over the other St:ltes. Is it not an inequality? the Territory of Utah. Such baing the case, it s ~ ems to me that Mr. POWERS. I do not admit that Congress can not ex· there should be incorporated in the organic act by which the ercise it over the other States. I say that the power of Con Territory is brought into the Union as a State some provision gress is plenary. We may attach such provisions as we see which shall assure the public mind that this institution which fit. It was not applied to the other States because this is an ex gentlemen tell us has alre1dy seen its best days shall never again ceptional case. This is a case calling for the exercise pf exceJr raise its head in Utah. I think a misapprehension exists in the tional powers on the part of the Genera.! Government, and to sat minds of some members as to the scope of the amendment whioh isfy the geeat public mind of the country that this evil has been I offer. I1 the House will indulge me a moment, I desire to point wiped out, has been eradicated in the most effec1ive manner pos out how the language which I propose to insert harmonizes sible, it seems to me that we should make the exception provided with the preceding language already in the bill. The bill now for in this amendment. provides: It can devolve no hardship upon the people of the Territory And said convention- ~f this practice has been ab:mdoned. as we are told, and further, Referring to the convention which is to be held to adopt a m answer, the Delegate from Utah [Mr. RAWLINS], having such state constituUon- · supreme confidence that this institution is actually dead, has shall provide, by ordinance irrevocable without the consent o:t the United given his assent. to the adoption of the amendment and its in States and t·he people of said State- corporation into the bill. "[Cries of "Vote! Vote!"] . First. That perfect 'oleration of religious sentiment shall be secured, and taatno inhabitant of said Sta.te shall ever be molested in person or property Mr. DOLLIVER. Mr. Chairman! in common with nearly on account ot. his or her mode ot. religious worship. everybody else on this side of the House, I am in favor of this measure and shall not interpose any objection to the amend This language, if my amendment be adopted, will be imme ment offered by the gentleman from Vermont [Mr. POWERS]. diately followed by these words: In fact I understand that it has been accepted by the Delegate Provided, That polygamous or plural marriages shall be forever pro from the Territory of Utah [Mr. RAWLINS]. hibited. The Hepublican party has always been in favor of the a~mis Thus, if this enabling act be passed with my-amendment, the sion of the Territories into the Union. We have already, largely convention of the State will be required to provide by ordinance, under the auspices of the Republican party, admitted nearly the irrevocable without the consent of the United States and the whole of the vast territory of our Northwest, so that there re· people of the Sta,te, that polygamous marriages shall be forever mains outside of the Union only four Territories. It would be a prohibited within the new State. gross violation of our duty to refuse to admit a State on the But some gentlemen say that it will depend upon an act of the ground that a faithful representation of the State would inter Legislature to carry this provision into effect. That may be; but fere with Eastern notions of economv and finance. who ever heard of Congress undertaking in the admission of a The people of Ut3h for many years have been asking from new State to adopt a law to govern the internal affairs of that Congress the right of statehood. If there has been any objec Shte, when it provided for admission with a constitution tion to the admission of U~ah that has had force with the public adopted by the people. The two things are incongruous; one is mind it has been the P-xistence of the anomalous institution of a constitutiop, the other a legislative act. It will be the duty of polygamy in th:1 t Territory. I say candidly to the House that I the Legislature of the Sbte of Utah to adopt all legislation would not vote for the admission of the Territory except upon needed to carry out the provisions of the organic law. the assurance that the institution of polygamy is dead. We Why, Mr. Chairman, suppose we were c1.lled upon to admit a have that assurance not only from the officials representino- the new St::tte that had sanctioned slavery; that bad allowed it to United States Government in the Territory, but from the0 Gen be carded on within hei' borders. Would we undertake to pro tile population there as well. Public opinion there, with no vide penalties to be inflicted upon any man who might hold a visible distinction of creed or p:1rty, is now substantially united slave:-> Not at all. We would do just what our predecessors did in favor of the admission of the new State. In voting for its ad a few years ago when they admitted the recom tructed States mission, now that the objectionable fe ::tture of its sochl sys back into the Union; we would provide by some general enaet tem has yielded to the influence of time, I think I speak for the ment that slavery and involuntary servitude should be forever great mass of the Republican party in welcoming that popula excluded from the new State, and we would leave it to the State ·tion, Ion~ since entitled on the ground of numbers to the ad itself to adopt such legislation as it might deem proper to carry vantages that belong to an American commonwealth, to the out that act. g rowth and progress to which theenterprise of the frontier has But supposing that they should adopt such legislation. Sup given them an honest title. [Applause.] pose, Mr. Chairman, that it is left to stand as the organic law of Mr. BRODERICK. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment I de- the State when admitted, is it not a well-known fact that where sire to offer to the amendment of the gentleman from Vermont. ever a right is given or a wrong done, there is always some way The Clerk read as follows: to find a remedy? Most assuredly. On page 4 strike out all from line 16 to line 19, inclusive, and insert: [B.ere the hammer fell.] ''First. The free exercise of religious proression and worship,without dis· crimination or preference, shall be secured forever to all mankind; a.nd no Mr. WASHINGTON. I ask consent that the time of the gen person shall be rendered incompetent to be a witness on account of his opin tleman be extended for five minutes. ion on matters of religious belief; but the liberty of conscience so secured : There was no objection. shall not be so construed as to excuse or justify practices inconsistent with · Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, if we are to admit the Ter the good order and safety of the State." ritory of Utah as a State at all into the Union let us admit Mr. BRODERICK. Mr. Chairman, I do not mean to make her .just as we admitted the other States. Let us prescribe, as any opposition to this bill. I believe that Utah is entitled to be 'well as we may, against the practice of polygamous marriages; admitted into the Union as a State. Her population, her nat but let us do it in an orderly Wd.Y, and not undertake to incor ural resources, the wealth and intelligeace of her people entitle pOl'ate a legisl::Ltive provision into the body of the enabling act. Utah to become a Shte in the Union. Mr. COBB of Alabama. Will the gentleman allow a question? There has since its organization been a question as to polyg · Mr. POWERS. Certainly. amy in this Territory. That it once existed there in the most Mr. COBB of Alabama. If Ut::ili be admitted as a State, and objectionable form no one can deny. Congress has been legis your amendment should be adopted to the enabling act. would it lating and the Territory has been legislating for the last twenty not mJ.ke an inequality between the States'? Would not, in years against polygamy. The laws are now enforced, and polyg other words, the State of Utah be subject to restrictions and amy is renounced by the Mormon people. I believe it was done regulations which do not belong to the other States of the in good faith. Now, I do not apprehend that polygamy in that Union? Territory can ever be restored, whether it becomes a State or Mr. POWERS. I regret to say, in answer to my friend from not. I have some personal knowledge of the people of that Ter Alabamq., that it would; but we were compelled once to do that ritory. same thing by my friend's own State when they came back a few I have no doubt that there are old people there who believed years ago. - . that polygamy was a divine revelation, and who believe it now; Mr. COBB of Alab:1ma. But you had a constitutional provi but I know that the young people, regardless of sex and regard sion in regRrd to that. less of religious creed, are almost unanimously opposed to this Mr. POWERS. Congress required your State to adopt a con infamy. With these young people coming to the front in the stitution having a specific change from the ociginal act. Territory, with the Gentiles coming in from every St:1te in the Mr. COBB of Alabama. But the point I am raising is this: If Union, with their common·school system that h 1.s been adopted your amendment is adopted, that is, the provision you wish to and put in operation there, with the political parties divided as msert, you attempt to make and do make a difference in the con they are now in the Territory, it would be impossible for any duct of the United Shtes Government toward this Territory, organization to restore polygamy in that country. The condl· 1893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 217 tions there are entirely different from a few years ago, so differ knowing how unsatisfactory and distasteful such government is ent that this offen <: e against society will never again be tol to the American citizen, I shall vote at any time to admit the erated. rem..1ining Territories as States in the Union. The proposition that I have offered is substantially the consti [Here the hammer fell.] tutional provision that has existed in tbe State of New York for Mr.BROWN. Mr.Chairman,Iregard theamendmentoffered more than forty years. There is but a slight modificat.ion of by the gentleman from Vermont as absolutely useless. There that provision. I simply desire to sJ.bstitut€ it for the paragraph is nothing in the provision of his amendment that will in the and for the amendment that has been offe red by the gentleman slightest degree interfere with polygamy. It is simply an ad from Vermont [Mr. POWERSl. This provision has existed in visory statement to the Legislature to legislate on the subject. New York for about forty-e~ght years, and is in the present con That is all. He says that he has faith that the Legislature will stitution of that State. It has been construed by the Supreme supp re~s and prohibit polygamy. If it will, it can do it quite as Court, and I believe it is safer to substitute this provision, which well without this amendment as it can with it. Sveaking for has been construed and is understood in one of the States of the myself, I prefer that this amendment should be voted down. Union, than it is to adopt a new provision. I therefore hope Let us put into the Constitution, if we are to do anything on the that the substitute will be adopted. subject, something which executes itself, forever prohibiting Mr. KILGORE. I understand that the pending amendments polvgamy in that State. are, :first, the amendment o:Iered by the gentleman from Ver The CHAIRMAN. The question is on agreeing to the amend mont [Mr. POWERS], and then a substitute offered by the gentle ment of the gentleman from Vermont, which the Clerk will now man from Kansas [Mr. BRODERICK], endeavoring to cover the report. same question. The amendment was again reported. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair was about to suggest to the Mr. WILSON of Ohio. I rise to offer an amendment to the . gentleman from Texas [Mr. KILGORE] that the gentleman from amendment. I desire to insert the word "are" instead of "is" Kansas [Mr. BRODERICK] has o!fered a substitu1e, and there· in my amendment. fore the motion of the gentleman from Vermont [Mr. POWERSl The amendment was read, as follows: to amend the text of the bill must be voted upon before it is Amend the amendment of Mr. POWERS, by striking out the words "shall in order to vote upon the amendment of the gentleman from be" and inserting the word "is." Kansas [Mr. BRODERICKl, because his amendment strikes out a Mr. WILSON of Ohio. Make it" are." part of the text of the bill, as well as the words which the gen The purpose of that is, that the Constitution, when adopted, tleman from Vermont proposes to add. shall execute itself. 111or instance, in the State of Ohio we have Mr. KILGORE. I would like to sg,y, Mr. Chairman, that I a provision which prohibits licensing the liquor trade. That hope the proposition offered by the gentleman from Vermont provision executes itself. No law of the Legislature is necessary. [Mr. POWERS] will be adopted, because it covers the entire ques If that provision goes into the Constitution of the State of Utah tion. it executes itself without any act of the Legislature. Mr. PICKLER. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Ohio The question was taken upon the amendment to the amend [Mr. HARTER] made a very remarkable speech yesterday, in ment, and the Chairman announced that the noes seemed to which he not only athcked Utah, but the seven States of the have it. Northwest lately admitted, and delivered a lecture to the former Mr. WILSON of Ohio. Division. Congresses which admitted them. Amohg other things the Mr. POWERS. I think gentlemen are laboring under a mis gentleman made the following assertion: He ~aid the appoint apprehension as to the purpose of the amendment to the amend ment of the list of officers that the Delegate from Utah [Mr. ment. The gentleman is entirely right_on the question of RAWLINS] had read as being appointed by the Federal authori grammar. You want this constitution exactly right grammat ties was a hardship, and that while he was opposed to the ad ically as well as legally. [Laughter.] mission of Utah, he would be glad to vote for a law that would The committee divided; and there were-ayes 99, noes 42; so assist the people there to have their own government. the amendment to the amendment was agreed to. When I arose and interrupted the gentleman to assert that The CHAIRMAN. The question now is upon the amendment this was the law of all the Territories, and that the officers ap of the gentleman from Vermont as amended. pointed in the Territory of Utah were merely the same officers The amendment was agreed to. that were appointed in all the Territories, the gentleman from The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Kansas [Mr. BROD Ohio [Mr. HARTER], who sets himself up as an authority in this ERICK] has submitted a substitute for the amendment proposed · House upon finance, upon law, and upon Chinese history, very by the gentleman from Vermont as amended by the gentleman vehemently denied my assertion. He said that I was absolutely from Ohio and the text of the bin. mistaken, and persisted in that statement. For his benefit, and Mr. BRODERICK. I desire to have it reported again. for the benefit of gentlemen who may not have lately examined The substitute was again reported. the statute, I simply desiretocall attention to the Revised Stat The question was taken, and the substitute was rejected. utes of the United States, Title XXIli, chapter 1: The Clerk read as follows: Provisions common to all Territories. SEC. 6. That upon the admission of said State into ·the Union, sections . Section 1841 reads as follows: numbered 2, 16, 3'~, and 36 in every township of said proposed State, and where such sections or any parts thereof have been sold or otherwise dis· SEC. 1841. The executive power of each Territory shall be vested in a gov posed of by or under the authority of any act of Congress other lands eqniv· ernor, who shall hold his office for four years, and until his successor is ap alent thereto, in legal subdivisions of not less than one quarter section and pointed and qualitied, unless sooner removed by the President. He shall as contiguous as may be to the section in lieu of which the same is taken, reside in the Territory for which he is appointed, and shall be commander· are hereby granted to said State for the support of common schools, such in-chief of the militia. thereof. He may grant pardons and reprieves, and indemnity lands to be selected within said State in such manner as the Leg remit fines and forfeitures, tor o1Jenses against the laws of the Terri tory for islature may provide, with the approval of the Secretary of the Interior: which he is appointed, and respites for offenses against the laws of the Provided, That the second, sixteenth, thirty-second, and thirty-sixth sections United States, till the decision of the President can be made known thereon. embraced in permanent reservations for national purposes shall not. at any He shall commission all officers who are appointed under the laws of such time, be subject to the grants nor to the indemnity provisions of this act, Territory and shall take care that the laws thereof be faithfully executed. nor shall any lands embraced in Indian, military, or otller reservations of You will perceive that the governo1• appoints all appointive any character be subject to the grants or to the indemnity provisions of this act until the reservation shall have been extinguished and such lands officers, contrary to the assertion of the gentleman from Ohio be restored to and become a part of the public domain. [Mr. HARTER]. So section 1843 of the same chapter provides for the appoint Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. I offer an amendment to that ment of a secretary of the Territory by the President. section, Mr. Chairman. Section 1 '64 provides for the appointment of a supreme court, The Clerk read as follows: In line 2, section 6, strike out the words " two" and "thirty-two." of one chief justice and two associate justices. by the President. In line 12, section 6, strike out the word "second," and in line 13 strike out Section 1875 provides for the appointment of a United States the word " thirty-second." attorney by the President, and section 1876 for the appointment The question was taken, and the amendment was rejected. of a United States marshal. The Clerk read as follows: And the governor of the Territory appoints the clerks of the SEc. 8. That lands to the extent of two townships in quantity, authorized county in the different counties and the trustees of the public by the third section of the act of February 21, 1855, to be reserved for the es· instil u tions. · · tablishment of the University of Utah, are hereby granted to the State of Uta.h for university purposes, to be held and used in accordance with the This is the fate of the people of all the Territories. They have provisions of this section; and any portions of said lands that may not have little control of their own go"\'ernment. been selected by said Territory m ay be selected by s::tid State. That in And so , Mr. Speaker, thegentleman from Ohio [Mr. HARTER] addition to the above, 200.000 acres of land, to be selected and located as was provided in the foregoing section ot this act, and including all saline lands wholly mistaken in his claim that a greater hardship had in said State. are hereby granted to said State, for the use of the said uni· been impo ed upon the people of Utah, as far as the appointment versity and au agricultural college which shall be connected therewith. of officers is concerned, than has been imposed upon other Ter That the proceeds of the sale of said lands, or any portion thereof, shall constitute a permanent fund to be safely in vested and held by said State; a11d ritories. the income thereof to be used exclusively for the purposes of such uni- Mr. Speaker, having lived for several years in a Territory, and versity and agricultural college. · 218 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECE~ffiER 13, The CHAIRMAN. The. Clerk will report the amendments irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that every and each tract of land sold by Congress, from and after the 30th day of June next shall recommended by the committee. · be and remain exempt from any tax laid by order or under authority of the The.Clerk read as follows: State, whether for State, county, township. or any other purpose whatever In line 9, sect:on 8, strike out "two" and insert" one;" and after the word for the term or fiye years from and after the day of S:J.le. (U.S. Statutes' "hundred" insert" and ten." In line 13. after the word "and," insert "90,- volume2, page 17:>.) ' 000 acres for the use of," and after the word · •college" strike out the words LOUISIANA. ''which shall be connected therewith" and insert the word "therein.'' In (Five per cent.) line 16 strike out the word "a." and after the word "permanent" strike out the word " fund " and insert the word "fUnds;" and add the word "respec SEc. 5. And be it furtM.r enacted, That 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the tively " at the close of the section. sales of the lands of the United States. after the 1st day of January shall be applied to laying out and constructing public roads and levees in said State The amendments recommended by the committee were agreed as the Legislature thereof may direct. ' to. SEc. 6. * * * ..And provided also, That the said convention shall provide Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Chairman, I offer an amend by an ordinance, irrevocable without the consent of the United States that the people inhabiting the said Territory do agree au.d decla1·e, tha~ they for ment. ev_er !iiSdaim_ all right or title to the waste or unappropriated lands, lying The Clerk read as follows: Wlthm the sa!d Territory; and that thesa.mesb:\11 oe and remain at the sole and entire disposition of the UnHed States; and, moreover, that each and In_ liiie 13, page 8, strike out "ninety" and insert" two hundred;" so as to read '- 200,000 acres." every tract of land sold by Congress shall be and remain exempt rrom any tax. laid by the order ~r under the authority of the State, whether for the Mr. WILSON of Washington. Mr. Chairman, in view of the State, county, township. parish or any other purpose whatever, for the term of tive years from !illd after the respective days of the sales thereof; and that fact that the committee have recommended the appropriation of the lands belongmg to citizens or the United Htates re-idlng without large increases of acreage and have not reported an increase for the s::~.id ~tate shall never be taxed higher than the lands belonging to per the agricultural college, as they have for the purpose of erect sons residing therein; and that no taxes shall be imposed on lantls the prop ing public buildings at the State capital and various other pur erty of the Unite.i St::~.tes; and that the .RiYer Mi sissippi and the navigable rivers ani _war.ers leading into the same or into the Gulf of Mexi~o. shall be poses. but have only adopted the amount appropriated to the vari common highways and forever free, as well to the inhabitant of the said ous other States admitted into the Union some years ago, to wit, State as to other citizens of the United States, without any tax, duty, im po t or toll therefor, imposed by the said State. (U. S. Statutes, volume 2, 90,000 acres; now if it be true that a large body of this land is page641). arid land, unfit for cultivation and almost worthless, it seems to Th'DUNA. me that we ought to increase the amount fot· the agricultural college. (Five per cent.) SEc. 6. Third. That 5 per cent o! the net nroceeds of the lands lying within Mr. PENCE. How much does your amendment increase the the said Ten-itory, and which shall ba sold by Congress from and after the 1st amount? day of December next, after de.iucting all expenses incident to the same, shall be reserved for making public roJ.ds a.nd canals, of which three-fifths Mr. WILSON of Washington. One hundred and ten thousand shall be a.p_plied to those objects within the said State. under the direction a-cres. We ha e increJse-d. the amount of land donated all along of the LegMlature thereof, and two-fifths to the making of a road or roa - l893. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 219 Fourth. * * * And provided always, That- the said convention shall WISCONSIN. provide by an ordinance irreYocable without the consent of the United (Five per cent.) States. that the people inhabiting the said Territory do a!ITee and declare Fifth. That 5 per cant of the net proceeds of sales of aJl public. lands lying that they forever disclaim all right and title to the waste or U'lappropriated within the said State, which have been or shall be sold by Con..,lYl"ess. from lands lying within the sa.id Territory; and th1.t the same shall be andre and after the admission of said State into t:he Union. after deducting all the main at the sole an.d entire disposition of the United States; and, moreover expenses incident to the same, shall be paid to the said State, for th.e pur that each and every tract of land sold by the United States after the lstday pose of making public roads and canals in the same, a.s the Legislature shall of September, in the year 1819, shall be and remain exempt from any tax direct: PrO'Vided, That the foregoing prop.o itions herein offered are on the laid by the order or under the authority of the State. whether for State, condition that the said convention which shall form the constitution of said county. township, parish. or any other purpose, for the term of five years State shall provide, by a. clause in said constitution. or an ordinance, iue from and after' the respective days of the sales thereof; and that the lands vocable without the consent of the United States, that said State shall never belonging to citizens of the United States residing without said State shall interfere With the primary disposal of the soil Within the same by the United never be taxed higher than the lands belonging to persons residing therein; States, nor with any regulations Congress may find necessary for ecuring and that no tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United State~; the title in such soil to bona. fide purchasers thereof; and that no tax shall and that all navigable waters within said State shall forever remain public be imposed on lands the property of the United States; and that in no case highways. free to the citizens of the said. Stat6 and of the Unit~d States, shall nonresident proprietors be taxed higher than res;.dents. (U. S. Stat without any tax, duty, impost, or toll therefor imposed by the said State. utes, volume 9, page 58.) (U. 8. Statutes, volume 3, page 489.) MINNESOTA. MISSOURI. (Five per cent.) (Five per eent.) SEc. 5. Fifth. That 5 per cent of the net procee•1s of the sales of all pub lic lands lying within said State, which shall be sold by Con!p'ess after the. SEC. 6. Third. That 5 pel' cent of the net proceeds of the sale of lands lying admission of the said State into the Union, after deducting all the expense.s within the said Territory or State. and which shall be sold by Congress. from incident to the same, shall be paid to the State, for the purpose of making and after the 1st day of January next, after deducting all expenses incident public roads and internal improvements, as the Legislature shall direet: to the same. shall be reserved for making public roads and canals, of which Provided, The foregoing propositions herein offered are on the condition three-fifths shall be applied to those objects within the State. undel;' the direc that the said convention which lc'ha.ll form the constitution of said State tion of the Legislature thru·eof; and the other two-fifths in defra.ymg, under shall provide, by a clause in said constitution, or an ordinance, irrevocable the direction of Congress. the expenses to be incurred in making of a road without the consent of the United States, thaL sa.id State sb.all never inter· or roads, canal or canals leading to the said State. fere Wit.h the primary disposal of the soil within the same by the United Fifth. * * * Provided. That the five foregoing propositions herein of Sta.tes, or with any regulations Congress may find necess..1.ry for securing fered, are on condition that the said State shall provide, by an ordinance, ir the title in said soil to bona fide purchasers thereof; and that no tax shall revocable without the consent of the United States, that every and each be imposed on lands belonging to the United States, and. that in. no case tract of land sold by the United States from and after the lstday of January flhall nonresident proprietors be taxed higher than resiiian.ts. (U. l:i. Stat next, shall remain exempt from anytaxlaid byorderornndertheauthority utes, volume 11, page 167.) of the State. whether for State, county, or township, or any other purpose OREGON. whatever for the term of fi>e years from and after the day of sale. And fur ther, that the bounty lands granted, or hereafter to be granted, for military (Five per cent). services during the late war, shall. while they continue to be held by the SEC. 4. Fifth. That 5 per cent of the net proceeds of sales of all public patentees, or their heirs, remain exempt as aforesaia from taxation for the lands lying within said State which shall be sold by Congress after the ad wrm of three years from and after the date of the patents respectively. (U. mission of said State into the Union, after deducting all the expenses incident S. Statutes, >olume 3, page 545.) to same, shall be paid to said State for the pur-pose of making pu bile roads and ARKANSAS. internal improvements, as the Legislature shall direct: Provided, That the foregoing propositions, hereinbefore offered, are on the condition that the (Five per cent.) people of Oregon shall provide au ordinance, irrevocable without the con Third. That 5 per cent or the net proceeds of the sale of lands lying within sent of the United States, that said State shall never interfere with the pri said State, and which shall be sold by Congress, from and after the 1st day mary disposal of the soil within the same by the United States, or With any of July next. after deducting all expenses incident to the same, shall be re regulations Congress may find necessary for securing the title in said soil served for making public roa.ds and canals within the said State, under the to bona fide purchasers thereof; and that in no case shall nonresident pro- direction of the General Assembly thereof. prietors be taxed higher tnan residents. ~ Fifth. * * * : Provided. That the five foregoing propositions herein Sixth. And that the said State shall never tax the lands or the property of offered are on the same condition that the General Assembly or Legislature the United States in said Stat-e. (U.S. Statutes, volume 11, page 384..) of the said State, by virtue of the powers conferred upon it by the conven KANSAS. tion which framed the constitution of said State, shall provide by an ordi nance, irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that the said (Five per cent.) General Assembly of said State shall never interfere with the primary dis SEC. 3. Fifth. That5 per cent of the net proceeds. of sales of all public lands posal of the soil within the same by the United States. nor with any regula lying within said State. which shall be sold by Congress after the admission tions Congress may find necessary for securing the title of such soil to the of said State into the Union. after deducting all the expenses incident to the bona fide purchasers thereof; and that no tax shall be imposed on lands the same, shall be paid to said State for the purpose of making public roaw and property of the United States; and that in no case shall nonresident pro internal improvements, or for other purpos&s, as the Le .~lature shall di prietors be taxed higher than residents; and that the bounty lands granted rect: Provided, That the foregoing propo!:!itions b,ereinbefore offered are on or to be hereafter granted, tor military services during the late war shall, the condition that the people of Kans'\S shall provide by an ordinance, irrev whilst they continue to be held by the patentees or their heirs, remain ex ocable without the consent of the United States, that said State shall never empt from any tax laid by order or under the authority of the State, whether interfere With the primary disposal of the soil within the same by the United for State, county, township, or any other purposes, for the te1·m of three ~ta.tes, or with any regulations Congress may find necessary for securing years from and after the date of the patents respectively. (U.S. Statutes, the title in said soil to bona fide purchasers thereof. volume 5, page 58.) • Sixth. And that the said StaLe shall never tax the lands or the property of MICHIGAN. the United States in said State. (U. S. Statutes, volume 12, page 121). (Five per cent). NEVADA. (Five ptr cent.) Fifth. That 5 per cent of the net proceeds of the sales ot all publie lands lying within the said State which have been or shall be sold by Congress, SEC. 10. * * * That 5 per cent of the proceeds of the sales of all pub· from and after the 1st day of July, 1836, after deducting all the expenses in lie lands lying Within said State, which shall be sold by the United States cident to the same shall be appropriated for making public roads and canals subsequent to the admission. of said State into the Union. after deducting Within the said State. as the Legislature may direct: Provided, That the five all the expenses incident to the same shall be paid to the said State for the foregoing propositions herein offered are on the condition that the Legisla purpose ot making and improving public roads, constructing ditches or ture of tbe sahi St:'l.te, by virtue of the powers conferred upon it by the con· canals, to effect a general system of irrigation of the agricultural land in the vention which framed the constitution of the said State, shall provide, by State, as the Legislature shall direct. an o rdinanca irrevocable without the consent of the United States, that the SEc. 4. Third. That the peoule inhabiting said Territory do agree and de· said State shall never irrter!ere With the primary disposal of the HOil within clare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated the same by the Unit-ed States, nor With any regulations Congress may find public lands lying within the said Territory, and tha..t the same shall be and neces::;ary for securing the title in such soil to the bona fide purchasers remain at the sole and entire disposition of the Unit-ed ::.tates; and that the thereof. And that no tax shall be imposed on lands the proptc>rty of the lands belonging to citizens of the United States, residing without the said United States; and that in no case shall nonresident proprietors be taxed State, shall never be taxed higher than the land belonging to the residents higher than residents: and that the bounty lands granted., or hereafter t.O thereof; and that no tax:e::s shall be imposed by said State on lands or prop be granted, for military services during the late war shall, whilst they con erty therein belonging to, or which may- hereafter be purchased by the tinue to be held by the patentees or their heirs, remain exempt from any tax United States. (U. S. Statutes, volume 13, page 30.) laid by order or under the autho1·ity of the State whether for State, county, NEBRASKA. township, or any other purpo.'re, for the term of three years from and after (Five per cent.) the date of the patents, respectively. (U.S. Statutes, votume5, page 59.) . SEc. 12. * * * Tha.t5 per cent of the proceeds of the sales of all public IOWA AND FLORIDA. lands lying within said State, which have been or shall be sold by the United Stn.tes prior or subsequent to the admission of said State into the Union, (Five per cent.) after deducting all expenses incident to the same, shall be paid to the said Fifth. That 5 per cent of the net proceeds or sales of all public lands :tying State for the support of common schools. within the said State, which have been or shall be sold by Congress, from and SEC. 4. Third. 'l'hat the people inhabiting said Territory do agree and de after the admission of said Sta.te, after deducting all the expenses incident clare that they for ever disclaim all right and titie to the unappropriated to the same, shall be appropriated for making public roads and canals within public lands lying within said Territory, and that the same shall be andre the said State. as the Legislature may direct: Provided, That the five fore main at the sole and entire disposition of the United States, and that the lands going propositions h~rein offered are on the condition that the Legislature of belon.,cring to citizens of the United States residing without the said State the said State, by virtue or the powers conferred upon it by the convention shall never be taxed Wg her than the land belonging to residents thereof; which framed the constitution of said State. shall provide, by an ordinance and that no taxes sh..'tll be imposed. by said State on lands or property therein irrevocable without the consent of the United States. that the said State belonging to or whlch may hereafter be pm·chased by the United States. shall never interfere with the soil within the same by the United States. nor (U. S. Statutes, volume 13, page 47.) with any regulations Congres3 may find necessary for securing the title in COLORADO. such soil to the boua fide purchasers thereof: and that no tax shall be im po edon lands the property or the United States; and that in no case shall (Five per cent.) nonresident propr1etors be ta.xed higher than residents; and that the bounty SEC. 10. * * * 'l'hat 5 per cent of the procet>ds of the sales of all public lands granted, or hereafter to be. granted, for military services during the lands lying within said State, which shall be sold by the United States sub late war. shall, while they continue to be held by the patentees ol their heirs, sequent to the admission of said State into the Union, after deducting all remain exempt from any tax laid "by order or under the authority of the the expenses incident to the same, shall be paid to the said State, for the pur State, whether for State. county, township, or any other purpose, for the pose of making and improving public roads, consu·ucting ditches or can:l.ls, term oJ three years from and after the date of the patents, respectively. (U. to effect a ~eneralsystem of irrigation of the agricultural land in the Stat~ S. Statutes, volume 5, page 790.) as the Legislature shall direct. 220 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. DECEMBER 13, SEc. 4. Third. That the people inha.bitin.g said Territory do agree a.nd de Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. I think everybody will agree clare that they forever disclaim all right and title to the unappropriated public l:.l.nds lying within said Territory, and that the same shall be and re to that. main at the sole and entire disposition of the United States. and that the The amendment was adopted. lands belonging to citizens of the United States residing without the said The Clerk resumed and completed the reading- of the bill. State shall never be taxed higher than the land belonging to residents thereof; and that no taxes shall be imposed by said State on lands or property Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. Mr. Chairma.n, I move that the therein belonging to, or which may hereafter be purchased by, the United committee rise and report the bill and amendments to the House States. (U. S. Satutes, volume 13, page 34.) with the recommendation that the bill as amended do pass. CALIFORNIA. The motion was agreed to. Be it enacted. etc., • * * That the State of California shall be one, and The committee accordingly rose; and the Speaker having re is hereby declared to be, one of the United States of America. and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original States in all respects sumed the chair, Mr. BAILEY, from the Committee of the whatever. Whole: reported tbat they had had under consideration a bill SEC. 3. * * * That the said St.ate o! California is admitted into the (H. R. 352) ' to enable the people of Utah to form a constitution Union upon the express condition that the people of said State, throu~h their Legislature or otherwise, shall never interfere with the primary dls and State government, and to be admitted into the Union on an posal of the public lands within its limits, and shall pass no law and do no equal footing with the original States," and had directed him to act whereby the title or the United States to, and 1.'ight to dispose of, the report the same to the House with the recommendation that it same shall be impa.ired or que t.ioned; and that shall never lay any tax or assessment of any description whatsoever upon the public domain of the do pass, with sundry amendments. United States, and in no case shall nonresident proprietors, who are citi Mr. WHEELER of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I move the -pre zens of tb.e Uniwd States, be taxed higher than residents; and that all the vious question on the bill and amendments and on the engross- · navigable waters within the said State shall be common highways. and for ever tree, as well to the inhabitants of said State as to the citizens of the ment and third reading of the bill. United States without any tax, impost, or duty therefor. (U. S. Statutes, The motion was agreed to. volume 9, page 452.) The SPEAKER. The previous question is ordered. If a sep NORTH DAKOTA, SOUTH DAKOTA, MONTANA, AND WASHINGTON. arate vote is not demanded upon any amendment the Chair will (Five per cent.) submit the question on agreeing to the amendments in gross. SEC. 13. That 5 per centum of the proceeds of the sales of public lands lying The amendments were adopted. within said States which shall be sold by the United States subsequent to the admission of said States into the Union, after deducting all the expenses The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read n. third time; incident to the same. shall be paid to the said States, to be used as a perma and bAing engrossed~ it was accord~gly read a third time, and nent tund, the interest; of which only shall be expended for the support or passed. common schools within said States respectively. (U.S. Statutes, volume 25, page 676.) Mr. WHEELER of Alabama moved to reconsider the vote by IDAHO. which the bill was passed, and also moved thn.t the motion to (Five per cent.) reconsider be laid on the table. SEc. 7. That 5 per centum or the proceeds or the sales of public lands lying The latter motion was agreed to. within said State which shall be sold by the United States subsequent to the admission of said State into the Union, after deducting all tha expenses inci ENROLL.ED JOINT RESOLUTION SIGNED. dent t-o the same, shall be paid to the said State, to be used as a permanent fund the interest of which only ~hall be expended for the support of the com .Mr. PEARSON: from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, re mon'schools within said State. (U.S. Statutes, volume 26, page 215.) ported that they had examined and found truly enrolled joint WYOMI~G. resolution (H. Res. 96) to authorize the Secretary of War to grant (Five per cent.) permits for the use of the monument grounds and reservations SEC. 7. That 5 per centum or the proceeds of the sales of public lands or public spaces in the city of Washington, and for other pur lying within said State, which shall be sold ~Y the United Sta~s subsequent to the admission or said State into the Uruon, after deductmg all the ex poses; when the Speaker signed the same. penses incident to the same, shall be paid to the said Stat.e to be used as a permanent fund, tha interest of which only shall be expended for the sup HAWAII. port or the common schools within said State.. (U. S. Statutes, volume 26, page 222). Mr. McCREARY of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I am directed The question was taken on the amendment of Mr. McRAE, by the Committee on Foreign Affairs to report back the resolu and the Chairman declared that the noes seemed to have it. tion requesting the President to send to the House copies of Mr. McRAE. I ask for a division. instructions given to our minister to Hawaii and other corre The committee divided; and there were-ayesl19, noes 29; so spondence, with the recommendation that the resolution pass with the amendment was adopted. an amendment. The Clerk -proceeded to read section 10. The SPEAKER. The Clerk will reu.d first the original reso Mr. RAWLINS. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent lution. that the further reading of the_bill b~ dispensed with, as the The Clerk read as follows: committee have not reported any amendments to the part still Resolved, That the President be requested to communicate to this House, if not inconsistent with the public interest. copies or the instructions given to be read, and I do not understand that any amendments are de to the representative of the United States now in the Hawaiian Islands in sired. regard to the protection or the lives a.ndpropertyot American citizens there, Mr. POWERS. Mr. Chairman, I shalt desire to submit an or any contemplated change in th~ form of government. amendment to a later portion of the bill; which I think will not The SPEAKER. The Clerk will now read the report of the be objected to. committee. Mr . RAWLINS. I withdraw my request. _ The report of the committee was read, as follows: The Clerk, continuing the reading of the bill, read as follows: The Committee on Foreign Afrairs, to whom was referred House resolu SEc. 19. That the constitutional convention may by ordinance provide for tion requt>sting the President to communicate to the House of Representa the election of officers for a full State government, including members ot tives copies or the instruccions given to the representa.t.i ve of the United the Legislature and Representatives in ~he ,fifty-third Cong:res~ at the time States now in the Hawaiian Islands in regard to the protection of the lives for the election for the ratifi cation or reJeCtiOn of the const1tut10n; but the an By M.r. WILSON of Washington: A .concurrent resolution of By Mr. CADMUS: Petition of J. C. A. Donnelly and others the State of Washington, indorsing the Nicarag-ua Canal con against any change in the t3.riff as set forth in Schedule J of struction-to the Committee on R.illways and Canals. Wilson bill-to the Committee on Ways and MeanR. Also, a jointresolution bf the Legislature of the State of Wash By Mr. CANNON of California: Protest of the Pacific Pine ington, relu.ting to the proposed annexation of the Hawaiian Lumber Company against a reduction of the present tariff on Islands-to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. lumber-to the Committee on Ways and Me3.ns. By Mr. FUNSTON: Petition to place the name of Thomas E. Rochester on the pension roll as a soldior in the war with Mex-. PRIV.ATE BILLS, ETC. ico-to the Committee on Pensions. Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, private bills of the following By Mr. IDTT: .Petition of importers, dealers, and manufac titles were presented and referred as follows: turers of tin plate, Chics.go, Ill.. for the m intenance of specific By Mr. BINGHAM: A bill (H. R. 4702) for the relief of John duty on tin pl te-to the Committee on Ways and Means. C. Heazlitt-to the Committee on War Claims. By Mr. HOOKERofNewYork: Petitionof123citizensandoil By Mr. BOWERS of California: A bill (H. R. 4703) for there producers of Bolivar, Allegany County, N.Y., against the plac lief of Cn.pt. George A. Johnson, af San Diego, Cal.-to the Com ing- of petroleum, crude or refined, on the free list-to the Com mittee on Claims. mittee on Ways and Means. Also, a bill (H. R. 4704) for the relief of Basil Moreland-to the Also, petition of petroleum oil producers of Olean, N. Y., Committee on Indian Affairs. against placing petroleum on the free list-to the Committee on By Mr. BRECKINRIDGE of Kentucky: A bill {H. R. 4705)for Wa.ys and Me 1ns. the relief of A. P. H. Stewart-to the Committee on Claims. By Mr. MoNAGNY: Pa-peratoaccompanyHouse bill 3752-to By Mr. CANNON of illinois: A bill tH. R. 4:706) to relieve John the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Davis of the charge of desertion and to grant him an honorable By Mr. OITTHWAITE: Petition of merchants of Columbus, discharge-to the Committee on Military Affairs. O~io, protesting against the bx on playing cards-to the Com By Mr. CLARKE of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 4707) for the relief mittee on Ways and Means. of ,V, H. Ketchum, of Mobile, Ala.-to the Committee on War By Mr. RANDALL: Resolution of New Bedford (Mass.) Typo Claims. graphical Union favoring Governmentownership of a telegraphic Also, a bill (H. R. 4708) for the relief of the estate of I. Dn Bose', system-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. Marengo County, Ala.-to the Committee on War Claims. By :Mr. REED:, Petition of offic9rs and employes of the Uni B .v Mr. CLANCY: A bill (H. R. 4709) granting an increase of corn and the Wn.hnetah Silk Company of Catasauqu!:l. against vension to CharlesF. McFarland,Iate of the United States Navy the reduction of duties on silk plushes and velvets-to the Com to the Committee on Naval Affairs. mittee on Ways and Means. By Mr. COBB of Missouri: A bill (H. R. 4710) for the relief of By Mr. STEPHENSON: Memorial of citizens of Bessemet·, the heirs of James Bridger, deceru;ed-to the Committee on Gogebic County, Mich., adopted in mass meeting assembled re Claims. gardless of pa.rty, protesting against the proposed action of the By Mr. CURTIS of Kansas: A bill (H. R. 4711) granting a pen Ways·and Means Committee in classing iron ore as raw material sion to Jobn A. Link-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. and placing it upon the list of article" to be admitted free of Also, a bill (H. R. 4712) granting a pension to Almira Johnson, duty-to the Committee on Ways and Means. widuw of Horace H. Johnson-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. WILLIAM A. STONE: Memorial of citizens of Alle Pensions. gheny City, Pa., against the pass_ge of the ta.dti bill known as By Mr. DE FOREST: A bill (H. R. 4713) granting a pension to the Wilson bill-to the Co'llmittee on Ways and Means. W . .H. Ohl, late private in Compa.ny D, Eighty-thild New York By Mr. WALKER: Petition of carpet workers of Worcester, Volunteers-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mass., protesting against reduction of tariff on carpet-to the By Mr. FLYNN: A bill (H.R.4714) providingfortheissuance Committee on Ways and Means. of a patent to lands occupied by the Sacred Heart Mission, in By Mr. WILSON of Washington: Petition of 46 citizens of accordance with agreement made by the United States with the Washington (State) relative to the act of Congress of September Citizens' band of Pottawatomie Indians, of . Oklahoma Terri 29, 1890, for an extension of time for payment of said lands-to tory-to the Co-mmittee on Indian Affairs. the Committee on the Public Lands. B y Mr. FUNSTON: A bill (H. R. 4715) to place the name of Also, resolution of Spokane Camp, No. 99, Woodman of the Thomas E. Rochester on roll as a soldier of the Mexican War World, relative to the purchase of the Northern Pad:fic Rail to the Committee on· Pensions. road-to the Committee on Railways and Canals. By Mr. McNAGNY: A bill (H. R. 4716) to pension Squire Bower at the rate of $30 a month-to the Committee orr Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 4717) to remove the charge of desertion now SENATE. stan ding against George Alcott on rolls of the War Department to the Committee on Military Affairs. THURSDA.Y_, December 14, 1893. By Mr. MILLIKEN: A bill (H. R. 4718) for the relief of Lin coln W. Tibbe~-to the Committee on Claims. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. By Mr. TAYLOR of Indiana (by t·equest): A bill (H. R. 4719) The VICE-PRESIDENT resumed the chair. to pension Mary C. Banks, widow of Hiram G. Banks, a member ZEBULON B. VANCE, a Senator from the State of North Car o of Comp:my K, Fourth Regiment Indiana Legion Ohio Home lina, appeared in his seat to· day. Guards-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. Also, a bill (H. R. 4720) to pension Lucy Brown, dependent ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. foster-mother-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, a bill (H. R. 4721 )to reimburse Frank D. Bolton for losses The VICE-PRESIDENT announced his signature to the en sustained by burglary while postmaster at New Harmony, Ind. rolled joint resolution (H. Res. ~6) to authorize the Secretary of to the Committee on Claims. War to grant permits for the use of the monument grounds and By Mr. TAYLOR of Tennessee: A bill (H. R. 4722) for there reservations or public spaces in the city of Washington, and for lief of Capt. Plesant M. Williams and others-to the Committee other purposes; which had previously received the signature of on Cla.iml3. the Speaker of the House of Rerresentatives. By Mr. WHEELER of Alabama: A bill (H. R. 4723) for there lief of JohnS. Watkins-to the Committee on War Claims. EULOGIE3 ON THE LATE REPRESENTATIVE CHIPMAN. By Mr. WILLIAMS of Illinois: A bill (H. R. 4724) for there The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following lief of Edward Chastlin-to the Committee on Military Affairs. concurrent resolution of the House of Representatives; which By Mr. BRAWLEY: A bill (H. R. 4725) for the relief of M. B. was referred to the Committee on Printing: Ryan, administrator de bonis n J .