An Investigation of How Using Biblical Parables Can
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AN EXPERIENCE, A STORY, AND A SONG: AN INVESTIGATION OF HOW USING BIBLICAL PARABLES CAN AID AS A METHOD IN THE CREATIVE PROCESS OF SONGWRITING AND SELF-EFFICACY. By Willie J. Stroud III Liberty University A THESIS PRESENTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF WORSHIP STUDIES Liberty University, Lynchburg, V.A. Dedication/Acknowledgments First and foremost, I want to thank my Heavenly Father for the honor of the call to serve Him in music ministry. I would also like to express how this topic was placed upon my heart by the Holy Spirit with the worship platform in mind. Your work is essential in the House of the Lord. To my beautiful family, thank you for walking with me through this educational process and showing enthusiasm for my efforts. To my parents, Willie J. Stroud Jr. and Helen A. Stroud, my godparents, Siku Embry and Ava Embry, thank you for your faithfulness, unconditional love and support. I want to thank my church The Church of the Living God Pillar and Ground of The Truth Bibleway churches, my Bishops, my Overseer, C.S. Lattimore, my pastor, L.C. Smith. To the BWC Choir, church musicians and the Gospel Challengers, thank you for allowing me to work with you as I hone my craft for the upbuilding of God’s kingdom. To those who have taken time to mentor, invest, and spiritually influence me, Lou Graham, Rick Owens, Dr. Michael Magruder, Maestra D’Walla Burke, Dr. Armstrong, Dr. Tika Douthit, Dr. Christina Placilla, Dr. Artimisi, Dr. Meitus, Theodis Chunn, Dr.Wiggins, Minister Tony Gillion, Dr. Vernon Whaley, Christopher L. Ervin, Dr. Hahn, Dr. Thomas Mitchell, Dr. William BarksDale, Dr. Eddie Robinson, Dr. Joseph Clark; my LU Brothers, Dr. Ellington Porter, Dr. Wayne Singleton, Dr. Damian Price, Maestro D.J. Boyd and Minister John Price, your investment and influence in my life is a gift and I am forever grateful. All Glory, Honor, and Praise go to Christ Alone. This dissertation is dedicated to the life of Hubert and Eloise Russell. Their lives, love and worship, were a true testament to their dedication to raising a family after God’s own heart. ii AN EXPERIENCE, A STORY, AND A SONG: AN INVESTIGATION OF HOW USING BIBLICAL PARABLES CAN AID AS A METHOD IN THE CREATIVE PROCESS OF SONGWRITING AND SELF-EFFICACY. By Willie J. Stroud III A THESIS PRESENTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF WORSHIP STUDIES Liberty University, Lynchburg, V.A. August 21, 2020 APPROVED BY: Dr. David M. Hahn, D.M.A, M.M, B.M., Committee Chair Dr. Jerry L. Newman, D.W.S, D.M.A., Committee Member Dr. Shaun M. Beavers, D.M., Dean of Online Studies iii ABSTRACT Psalm 96:1 declares, "O sing unto the Lord a new song: sing unto the Lord all the earth."1 In essence, of this scripture, there is a need for the worship leader to return to this unique command. The church can be the creator of not only worship songs but also worship songs that are rich in theology. The interest for worship leaders and their staff to write their songs, operating in the role of a musical artist, is becoming more of a sought-after asset to produce a freshness on the worship platforms. Parables are stories used to capture the imagination of one's audience because they assist individuals in a personal application in producing the desired response appropriate for the Kingdom of God. There is a need for songwriters to study the parables' structure because it provides vivid imagery of sequential events that catapult the individual in the process of personal application. This qualitative descriptive study is to examine how elements found in parables can influence evangelism through songwriting. The examination of parables, and how they influence songwriting, will aid in revealing the success of their strong influence through elements of storytelling, personal application, and event sequencing. It will impact current generations with the Gospel of Christ and fulfill Habakkuk 2:14 that states, "For the earth will be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the Lord as the waters cover the sea." Keywords: Parables, Songwriting, Worship Leader, Story, Self-Efficacy 1 Psalm 96:1, KJV. iv Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ………………………………………………………….…. ii ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………………... iv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION Problem Statement ………………………………………………..…………... 14 Purpose of Statement ……………………………………………...…………... 16 Significance of the Study ……………………………………………………... 16 Research Questions ………………………….………………………………... 17 Core Concepts ………………………………………….………………….….. 18 Working Hypotheses …………………………….………………….……….... 19 Methods …...…………………………………………………..…………......... 20 Research ………………………………………………………………………. 21 Definition of Terms ……………………………….…………………………... 22 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE Introduction …………………………………………………………………… 24 Definition of Parable ………………………...…………………………...…… 24 A Story Is ……………………………………...……………….……………… 26 A Parable Is .....…………………….……………..………………..…...……… 28 Four Types of Parables……………………………...…….…………………… 29 Purpose of the Parable ………………………………………………………… 31 Jesus' Purpose for Parables: "He That Hath Ears Let Him Hear!"………………...………………………… 32 Parables as an Art Form ………………...……………………......…………… 35 v Parables as Miniature Gospels ………………………………………...……… 35 Parables as Literary Painting ………………………………...……...………… 36 Definition of Evangelism……………………………………………………… 37 Defining Interpretation: "Be careful How You Hear"………………………… 38 Making Connections To Songwriting Define Songwriting …………………………...……………….……………… 40 Defining A Song ……………………………………………………………… 41 What Does it Mean to Write A Song? …………….………………...………… 42 The Art of Creativity ……………………………………………………..…… 45 Creative Sociology ………………………………………...……..…………… 46 Introduction to the Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi Model The Domain …………………………………………………………………… 47 The Field …………………………………….….………...…………………… 48 The Individual …………………...…………………………..…………………48 The Creative Process …………………..…………………..…...………………49 Inspiration ………………………………………………………………...…… 51 The Trajectory of Knowledge ………………………………………………… 54 Overall Goal of the Songwriter in the Pentecostal Church……………….…… 54 Chapter Summary ………………………………………..………….………… 59 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY Introduction………………………………………………..………..…………. 62 Research Design ………………………………………………….…………… 62 Research Questions …………………………………………..……..………… 63 vi Hypotheses ………………………………………………………..…..……… 63 Process of Gathering Data ………………….………………………………… 64 Analysis of Sources ……………………………………...…………………… 66 Analysis of Data …………………………………....………………………… 67 Synthesis and Interpretation of Data ………..…………………………………67 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH FINDINGS Introduction ………………………………………………………...…………. 68 Characteristics of Parables that can be Influential in Evangelism Being Intentional ……………………………………………………………… 68 Receiving the Word of God The Sower and the Seed ……………………..…………………………………70 The Kingdom of Heaven: The Parable of the Weeds …………………………...………………………… 71 The Parable of the Mustard Seed …………………………...……………….… 72 The Parable of the Leaven ………………..…………………………………… 73 The Parable of the Hidden Treasure ……………………………………………74 The Parable of the Pearl of Great Price ………………………………..……… 74 The Parable of the Net ………………………………………………………… 75 Grace, Rejection, and Justice The Parable of the Tenants …………………………….……………………… 76 The Parable of the Great Banquet …………………...…………………………77 Neighborly Love The Good Samaritan …………………………...……………………………… 78 vii Justification by Faith The Parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector…………………….…………………………….…………………… 79 Ask, Seek, Knock and It Shall Be Given The Parable of the Friend at Midnight …………………...…………………… 80 Judgment, Heaven, and Hell: The Rich Man and Lazarus …………………………………………………… 80 The Parable of the Fig Tree ...…………………………………………………. 81 The Parable of the Growing Seed ……..……...………………………………. 82 Be Faithful, Be Ready, and Be True: The Parable of the Ten Virgins …………………………..…………………… 82 The Parable of the Talent …………………………………………………...… 84 The Parable of the Faithful and Wise Servants……………………………………………...………………………… 85 Persistence in Prayer: The Widow and the Unjust Judge……………………………...……………… 85 Meditation and Reflection of Spirituality and Salvation ……………………… 86 Characteristics of Parables: Parables are Relational …………………………..….………………………… 88 Characteristics of Parables that Can Be Influential in Being Tools of Evangelism: Missional and Transformational ………………………………….…………… 92 viii Creative Way of Conveying Biblical Truth and Theology…………..…………………………………………………………… 94 Story Telling, Personal Application and Event Sequence ……………..………………………………………………… 96 Praise, Pentecostals, and Worship ………………………………………..…… 99 Song Choice and Lyric Analysis ….……………………….……………..….. 102 The Only Way by Yolanda Adams ...………………………………………… 103 Lyric Analysis ……………………………..………………………………… 104 Jesus Take the Wheel by Carrie Underwood ………………………………… 105 Lyric Analysis ………………………...……………...……………………… 106 What Love Really Means by J.J. Heller ……………………………………… 107 Lyric Analysis ………………………...……...……………………………… 108 He Wants It All by Forever Jones ……..……………………...……………… 109 Lyric Analysis …………………………...…………………………...……… 110 Just Like You by Lecrae ……………………….…………….……….……… 111 Lyric Analysis ………...……………………………...……………………… 114 Peanut Butter and Jelly by The Truthettes ...…………………………………114 Lyric Analysis ……………………………………………..………………… 116 The Little Girl ……………………………………………………...………… 116 Lyric Analysis …………………………………………..…………………… 117 Don't Cry by Kirk Franklin ………………………………...…...…………… 118 Lyric Analysis…………………………………………...…………………… 120 Three Wooden Crosses by Randy Travis……………..……………………… 121 ix Lyric Analysis…………………………………………………...……………