Rabbinic Ways of Reading Ecclesiastes
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SAPIR A JOURNAL OF JEWISH CONVERSATIONS THE ISSUE ON POWER ELISA SPUNGEN BILDNER & ROBERT BILDNER RUTH CALDERON · MONA CHAREN MARK DUBOWITZ · DORE GOLD FELICIA HERMAN · BENNY MORRIS MICHAEL OREN · ANSHEL PFEFFER THANE ROSENBAUM · JONATHAN D. SARNA MEIR SOLOVEICHIK · BRET STEPHENS JEFF SWARTZ · RUTH R. WISSE Volume Two Summer 2021 And they saw the God of Israel: Under His feet there was the likeness of a pavement of sapphire, like the very sky for purity. — Exodus 24: 10 SAPIR Bret Stephens EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Mark Charendoff PUBLISHER Ariella Saperstein ASSO CIATE PUBLISHER Felicia Herman MANAGING EDITOR Katherine Messenger DESIGNER & ILLUSTRATOR Sapir, a Journal of Jewish Conversations. ISSN 2767-1712. 2021, Volume 2. Published by Maimonides Fund. Copyright ©2021 by Maimonides Fund. No part of this journal may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of Maimonides Fund. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. WWW.SAPIRJOURNAL.ORG WWW.MAIMONIDESFUND.ORG CONTENTS 6 Publisher’s Note | Mark Charendoff 90 MICHAEL OREN Trial and Triage in Washington 8 BRET STEPHENS The Necessity of Jewish Power 98 MONA CHAREN Between Hostile and Crazy: Jews and the Two Parties Power in Jewish Text & History 106 MARK DUBOWITZ How to Use Antisemitism Against Antisemites 20 RUTH R. WISSE The Allure of Powerlessness Power in Culture & Philanthropy 34 RUTH CALDERON King David and the Messiness of Power 116 JEFF SWARTZ Philanthropy Is Not Enough 46 RABBI MEIR Y. SOLOVEICHIK The Power of the Mob in an Unforgiving Age 124 ELISA SPUNGEN BILDNER & ROBERT BILDNER Power and Ethics in Jewish Philanthropy 56 ANSHEL PFEFFER The Use and Abuse of Jewish Power 134 JONATHAN D. -
Orthodoxy in American Jewish Life1
ORTHODOXY IN AMERICAN JEWISH LIFE1 by CHARLES S. LIEBMAN INTRODUCTION • DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ORTHODOXY • EARLY ORTHODOX COMMUNITY • UNCOMMITTED ORTHODOX • COM- MITTED ORTHODOX • MODERN ORTHODOX • SECTARIANS • LEAD- ERSHIP • DIRECTIONS AND TENDENCIES • APPENDLX: YESHIVOT PROVIDING INTENSIVE TALMUDIC STUDY A HIS ESSAY is an effort to describe the communal aspects and institutional forms of Orthodox Judaism in the United States. For the most part, it ignores the doctrines, faith, and practices of Orthodox Jews, and barely touches upon synagogue hie, which is the most meaningful expression of American Orthodoxy. It is hoped that the reader will find here some appreciation of the vitality of American Orthodoxy. Earlier predictions of the demise of 11 am indebted to many people who assisted me in making this essay possible. More than 40, active in a variety of Orthodox organizations, gave freely of their time for extended discussions and interviews and many lay leaders and rabbis throughout the United States responded to a mail questionnaire. A number of people read a draft of this paper. I would be remiss if I did not mention a few by name, at the same time exonerating them of any responsibility for errors of fact or for my own judgments and interpretations. The section on modern Orthodoxy was read by Rabbi Emanuel Rackman. The sections beginning with the sectarian Orthodox to the conclusion of the paper were read by Rabbi Nathan Bulman. Criticism and comments on the entire paper were forthcoming from Rabbi Aaron Lichtenstein, Dr. Marshall Ski are, and Victor Geller, without whose assistance the section on the number of Orthodox Jews could not have been written. -
Rosh Hashanah Ubhct Ubfkn
vbav atrk vkp, Rosh HaShanah ubhct ubfkn /UbkIe g©n§J 'UbFk©n Ubhc¨t Avinu Malkeinu, hear our voice. /W¤Ng k¥t¨r§G°h i¤r¤eo¥r¨v 'UbFk©n Ubhc¨t Avinu Malkeinu, give strength to your people Israel. /ohcIy ohH° jr© px¥CUb c,§ F 'UbFknUbh© ct¨ Avinu Malkeinu, inscribe us for blessing in the Book of Life. /vcIy v²b¨J Ubhkg J¥S©j 'UbFk©n Ubhc¨t Avinu Malkeinu, let the new year be a good year for us. 1 In the seventh month, hghc§J©v J¤s«jC on the first day of the month, J¤s«jk s¨j¤tC there shall be a sacred assembly, iIº,C©J ofk v®h§v°h a cessation from work, vgUr§T iIrf°z a day of commemoration /J¤s«et¨r§e¦n proclaimed by the sound v¨s«cg ,ftk§nkF of the Shofar. /U·Gg©, tO Lev. 23:24-25 Ub¨J§S¦e r¤J£t 'ok«ug¨v Qk¤n Ubh¥vO¡t '²h±h v¨T©t QUrC /c«uy o«uh (lWez¨AW) k¤J r¯b ehk§s©vk Ub²um±uuh¨,«um¦nC Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu melech ha-olam, asher kid’shanu b’mitzvotav v’tzivanu l’hadlik ner shel (Shabbat v’shel) Yom Tov. We praise You, Eternal God, Sovereign of the universe, who hallows us with mitzvot and commands us to kindle the lights of (Shabbat and) Yom Tov. 'ok«ug¨v Qk¤n Ubh¥vO¡t '²h±h v¨T©t QUrC /v®Z©v i©n±Zk Ubgh°D¦v±u Ub¨n±H¦e±u Ub²h¡j¤v¤J Baruch Atah Adonai, Eloheinu melech ha-olam, shehecheyanu v’kiy’manu v’higiyanu, lazman hazeh. -
Ruach Shabbat Saturday, July
Tammuz-Av 5778, July 2018 Table of Contents Pg 1 Ruach Shabbat Service Ruach Shabbat Pg 2 Shabbat Service Schedule, Office Hours, New BOD listing Saturday, July 7th Pg 3 Rabbi’s Column Pg 4 Sisterhood Do you like musical Pg 5 Birthdays, Anniversaries, festivals? Welcome New Members, and Refuah Shlemah Do you love to sing Pg 6 Book Club along to your favorite Pg 7 Advertisement artists or songs? Pg 8 Rabbi’s Classes, Peek at Next Come out to our morning Month, Todah Rabah Ruach Shabbat and Pg 9 Yahrzeits bring your vocals with you! Pgs 10-11 Tributes Everyone is invited to join Pg 12 Oneg & Kiddush Info., Miller Intro. to Judaism, in with some Torah School Fundraiser of our special guests Pg 13 Condolences as we sing along! Bring the whole family for some fun. Service @ 10:30am Festive Kiddush to follow! All are welcome! 1 Clergy & Board Friday Evening Shabbat and Shabbat Morning Services Information Evening services begin at 7:45pm unless noted. -Rabbi David Cantor -Hazzan Judy Sofer, Cantor Oneg follows in the Social Hall. NEW Board of Directors, July 6, Service led by Rabbi David Cantor. 2018-2020 July 13, Service led by Rabbi David Cantor and Hazzan Judy Sofer. President Jeremy Glatstein July 20, Service led by Rabbi David Cantor . Past Presidents July 27, Shabbat Under the Stars Dinner, 6:30pm and Service, 7:45pm led by Rabbi David Cantor and Hazzan Judy Sofer. Betty Ann Downing Ed Morris Executive VP Shabbat morning services begin at 10am unless noted. Vacant Kiddush follows in the Social Hall. -
Shavuot Daf Hashavua
בס״ד ׁשָ בֻ עוֹת SHAVUOT In loving memory of Harav Yitzchak Yoel ben Shlomo Halevi Volume 32 | #35 Welcome to a special, expanded Daf Hashavua 30 May 2020 for Shavuot at home this year, to help bring its 7 Sivan 5780 messages and study into your home. Chag Sameach from the Daf team Shabbat ends: London 10.09pm Sheffield 10.40pm “And on the day of the first fruits…” Edinburgh 11.05pm Birmingham 10.22pm (Bemidbar 28:26) Jerusalem 8.21pm Shavuot starts on Thursday evening 28 May and ends after Shabbat on 30 May. An Eruv Tavshilin should be made before Shavuot starts. INSIDE: Shavuot message Please look regularly at the social media and websites by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis of the US, Tribe and your community for ongoing updates relating to Coronavirus as well as educational programming Megillat Rut and community support. You do not need to sign by Pnina Savery into Facebook to access the US Facebook page. The US Coronavirus Helpline is on 020 8343 5696. Mount Sinai to Jerusalem to… May God bless us and the whole world. the future Daf Hashavua by Harry and Leora Salter ׁשָ בֻ עוֹת Shavuot Shavuot message by Chief Rabbi Ephraim Mirvis It was the most New York, commented that from stunning, awe- here we learn that the Divine inspiring event revelation was intended to send a that the world has message of truth to everyone on ever known. Some earth - because the Torah is both three and a half a blueprint for how we as Jews millennia ago, we should live our lives and also the gathered as a fledgling nation at the foundational document of morality foot of Mount Sinai and experienced for the whole world. -
In the Beginning the Ruach Elohim Hovered Over the Watersi D En El Principio El Espíritu De Di-S, Se Movía Sobre Las Aguas
Kol Simcha October 13, 2007 Gainesville, Florida Shabbat Teaching In the Beginning the Ruach Elohim Hovered Over the Watersi D En el principio el espíritu de Di-s, se movía sobre las aguas. Pero ahora, se está moviendo dentro de mi cora- zón. E In English, “In the beginning the Spirit of the L-rd was moving over the waters. But now the Spirit’s mov- ing, He is moving in my heart…”) 2The earth was unformed and void, darkness was on the face of the deep, and the Ruach Elohim hovered over the surface of the water… 3Then Elohim said, ‘Let there be light’; and there was light. 4Elohim saw that the light was good, and Elohim divided the light from the darkness. 5Elohim called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. So there was evening, and there was morning, the first day. (Gen 1:3-5) In the beginning, we are told, the Ruach Elohim, hovered over the waters (the waters of creation) but it did not land anywhere⎯the earth was unformed and void. Evidently, the first step in the new creation was being immersed in water. Similarly we humans, after conception, are immersed in the waters of our mother’s womb. Creation needed an immersion, that is, a mikvah. The very next thing created is light (Or, Hebrew), and “the light was good.” The light is then divided (separated) from the darkness as one on the very first acts of creation on the very first day of creation. We also needed a mikvah to separate the light of Messiah in our hearts from the former darkness of our lives before we came to Messiah. -
Ruach Hakodesh and the State of Israel the Judaism Site
Torah.org Ruach Hakodesh and the State of Israel The Judaism Site https://torah.org/torah-portion/perceptions-5774-emor/ RUACH HAKODESH AND THE STATE OF ISRAEL by Rabbi Pinchas Winston God told Moshe," Speak to the Children of Israel and tell them that when you come into the land . (Vayikra 23:9-10) Everything is Hashgochah Pratis, Divine Providence. As the Talmud states, a person doesn't even stub his finger unless it is decreed first in Heaven (Chullin 7b), and even a blade of grass doesn't grow without an angel, or "mazal," on behalf of God, telling it to grow (Bereishis Rabba 10:6). The only question, therefore, is not if something is the will of God . A mazal has been established for each person regarding his life and sustenance, from the time he was born until the end of his life. Each person's is different from another [person's]. All of it is based upon God's hidden guidance, a function of the "Mysteries of the Merciful One" which are not revealed to any living being. It is the basis of why good or bad can occur for a righteous person, which Moshe Rabbeinu asked to understand when he said, "Make Your way known to me" (Shemos 33:13). According Rebi Meir, his request was not fulfilled, since God answered him, "I will be gracious to whom I will show favor, and I will be merciful to whom I will be merciful" (Brochos 7a). (Sefer HaKlallim, Hakdamah, Os 13.) . but what that will is based upon how it has been expressed in what has occurred. -
Interpreting Diagrams from the Sefer Yetsirah and Its Commentaries 1
NOTES 1 Word and Image in Medieval Kabbalah: Interpreting Diagrams from the Sefer Yetsirah and Its Commentaries 1. The most notorious example of these practices is the popularizing work of Aryeh Kaplan. His critical editions of the SY and the Sefer ha Bahir are some of the most widely read in the field because they provide the texts in Hebrew and English with comprehensive and useful appendices. However, these works are deeply problematic because they dehistoricize the tradi- tion by adding later diagrams to earlier works. For example, in his edition of the SY he appends eighteenth-century diagrams to later versions of this tenth-century text. Popularizers of kabbalah such as Michael Berg of the Kabbalah Centre treat the Zohar as a second-century rabbinic tract without acknowledging textual evidence to the contrary. See his introduction to the Centre’s translation of the Zohar: P. S. Berg. The Essential Zohar. New York: Random House, 2002. 2. For a variety of reasons, kabbalistic works were transmitted in manuscript form long after other works, such as the Hebrew Bible, the Talmud, and their commentaries were widely available in print. This is true in large part because kabbalistic treatises were “private” works, transmitted from teacher to student. Kabbalistic manuscripts were also traditionally transmitted in manuscript form because of their provenance. The Maghreb and other parts of North Africa were important centers of later mystical activity, and print technology came quite late to these regions, with manuscript culture persisting well into the nineteenth, and even into the mid- twentieth century in some regions. -
Environment Dr Jeremy Benstein
4329-ZIG-Walking with Justice:Cover 5/22/08 3:27 PM Page 1 The Ziegler School of Rabbinic Studies esmc lkv,vk Walking with Justice Edited By Rabbi Bradley Shavit Artson and Deborah Silver ogb hfrs vhfrs 4329-ZIG-Walking with Justice:4329-ZIG-Walking with Justice 5/23/08 9:56 AM Page 62 ENVIRONMENT DR JEREMY BENSTEIN INTRODUCTION What does Judaism say about nature and contemporary environmental challenges? I often begin lectures by disabusing audiences of the belief that what we’re going to talk about is “what Judaism says about…”, for two reasons. First, there is no such thing as “Judaism,” some reified entity that speaks in its own name. Moreover, given the bewildering array of books, people, schools of thought, historical periods, ideological orientations, etc. encompassed by Jewish tradition - there are very few issues about which one thing is said. Judaism is less a set of rigid answers to fixed questions, than an ongoing dialogue in which the questions arise, along with various answers from different times and places, and even more generally, a language in which to engage in the dialogue and formulate the questions in the first place. And nowhere is this truer than in the case of Jewish attitudes and values regarding the environment, and the challenges and claims put forth by the movement known as environmentalism. What do we mean by “environment”, or “environmentalism”? First, the use of the term, “environment” is intentional and meant to be distinct from “nature”. Focusing on nature circumscribes the discussion to issues of wilderness, species, trees, and animals. -
Meanings & Uses of Ruach
hebrew-streams.org The Meanings and Uses of by Paul Sumner Understanding the Hebrew word ruach (and its Greek counterpart pneuma) is central to understanding why Yeshua is called "Messiah" (Mashiach, Christos). It's also important to know what Scripture teaches about "spirit," in order to discern and avoid deceptions done in the name of and by a Holy Spirit or Holy Ghost. There is a counterfeit "different Spirit," "who is now working in the children of disobedience" (2 Cor 11:4; Eph 2:2). In the Hebrew Bible the word ruach occurs 378 times. Its base meaning is "moving air" — whether in the form of breath, a breeze, or violent storm winds. Kohlenberger & Swanson, Hebrew English Concordance to the Old Testament (1998), p. 1461 entry #8120. In about 100 places in English Bibles, the word is rendered "wind." Notice Yeshua's play on the Greek word pneuma in John 3 and the parallel in John 20: That which is begotten of the flesh is flesh; and that which is begotten of pneuma is pneuma.... The pneuma blows where it wishes and you hear the sound of it, but do not know where it comes from and where it is going. So is every one who is begotten of the pneuma (Jn 3:6,8). When he had said this, he breathed on them and said to them, "Receive holy pneuma." (Jn 20:22) Most often in English Bibles ruach is translated either as "spirit" or "Spirit" (the difference is explained below). This is the immaterial dimension of a human being or of God. -
1309-606-Idea of a Soul in Judiasm.Pdf
The Idea of the Soul in Judaism, part 1 September 17, 2013 The Idea of the Soul in Judaism Part 1: Introduction and the Bible Michael Leavitt [email protected] September-October 2013 OLLI Loudoun Campus Course Agenda Purposes – Present an historical survey of the idea of the soul in Jewish thinking – Provide background for studying anything Jewish – Suggest ways of thinking about our own spirituality Topics: the Jewish soul in . – The Bible – Greek philosophy, the Apocrypha and the Talmud – Medieval philosophy – Kabbalah & The Zohar – Lurianic Kabbalah & Hasidism – Contemporary ideas September 17, 2013 The Idea of the Soul in Judaism, part 1 2 Who am I? Retired US civil servant Second career in adult Jewish education Graduate (MA) in Jewish history and philosophy at Baltimore Hebrew University Lecture & teach about Jewish (and other) topics in the neighborhood Edited a book on Jewish mysticism: Kabbalah and the Art of Being by Shimon Shokek Came to this later in life and will be learning it as long as I’m able September 17, 2013 The Idea of the Soul in Judaism, part 1 3 © 2004, 2007, 2013 Michael R. Leavitt 1 The Idea of the Soul in Judaism, part 1 September 17, 2013 General Approach Lectures – Slides, handouts, etc. – Multiple forms of information because people absorb in different ways – “Academic” approach to naming, dating, etc. – Reference to the bibliography (in handouts) Discussion – Questions for clarification are always welcome – Other discussion might be postponed until end of session September 17, 2013 The Idea of the Soul in Judaism, part 1 4 Why Study the Soul? Important Jewish idea since Biblical times Integral part of all western religious ethical systems Suggests approaches to human psychology Essential component of Jewish mysticism May eventually provide clues with regard to the ultimate mysteries . -
Succession in Contemporary Hasidism
1 Succession in Contemporary Hasidism Who Will Lead Us? ZADDIKIM OR REBBES When the modern Hasidic movement fi rst emerged in the late eight- eenth century, it was led mostly by charismatic men, commonly called zaddikim (loosely translated as the saintly or pious), who were them- selves the successors of ba’aley shem (wonder masters of the name of God or healers) and their counterparts, the maggidim (itinerant preach- ers).1 While the ba’aley shem were said to possess the mystical knowl- edge of Kabbalah that enabled them to invoke and in shaman-like fash- ion manipulate powerful, esoteric names of God in order to heal people, do battle with their demons, or liberate the human soul to unify itself with God, powers they used on behalf of those who believed in them, and while the maggidim were powerful preachers and magnetic orators who told tales and off ered parables or sermons that inspired their listen- ers, zaddikim had a combination of these qualities and more. With ba’aley shem they shared a knowledge of how to apply Kabbalah to the practical needs of their followers and to perform “miracles,” using their mystical powers ultimately to help their Hasidim (as these followers became known), and from the maggidim they took the power to inspire and attract with stories and teaching while inserting into these what their devotees took to be personal messages tailored just to them. With both, they shared the authority of charisma. Charisma, Max Weber explained, should be “applied to a certain quality of an individual personality by virtue of which he is set apart 1 HHeilmaneilman - WWhoho WillWill LeadLead Us.inddUs.indd 1 223/03/173/03/17 22:32:32 PPMM 2 | Succession in Contemporary Hasidism from ordinary men and treated as endowed with supernatural, superhu- man, or at least specifi cally exceptional powers or qualities.” 2 Whether the supernatural was an essential aspect of early Hasidism has been debated, but what is almost universally accepted is the idea that the men who became its leaders were viewed by their followers as extraordinary and exceptional.