DOCSLIB.ORG

Breathing Air Brochure

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Breathing Air Brochure SYSTEMS SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE BREATHING AIR SOLUTIONS Pure Air For Your World BAUER COMPRESSORS INC. 1328 Azalea Garden Road Norfolk, VA 23502 TEL. +1 (757) 855-6006 FAX +1 (757) 857-1041 [email protected] www.bauercomp.com BAUER MIAMI 10052 N.W. 53rd Street Sunrise, FL 33351 TEL. +1 (954) 746-2504 FAX +1 (954) 746-2510 [email protected] BAUER SAN FRANCISCO 267 East Airway Boulevard Livermore, CA 94551 TEL. +1 (925) 449-7210 FAX +1 (925) 449-7201 [email protected] 117.09.10.5SP subject to alteration without notice or obligation CONTENTS SYSTEMS Purely the right choice MISSION STATEMENT To be the global leader by supply- ing the best quality product while continuously improving through innovation. 2 SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE Contents COMPANY / 01 04 Commitment to quality COMPRESSION / 02 06 Most advanced compressor TECHNOLOGY / 03 08 Cutting edge system technology SCUBA DIVING / 04 10 Deep down confidence FIREFIGHTING / 05 12 We protect those who protect others GOVERNMENT / 06 14 Military solutions ACCESSORIES / 07 16 System components PARTS / 08 18 From the source 3 COMPANY SYSTEMS Commitment to quality 4 SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE EXPERIENCE FOR YOUR BENEFIT DEDICATION TO YOU BAUER compressors are field-proven in BAUER is committed to the philosophy BAUER OFFICES a multitude of diverse high pressure that customer satisfaction is achieved USA applications worldwide. More than 60 through a strategy of continuous years of experience and research and improvement using in-house research development are available to you to and development, engineering, manu- GERMANY help solve your high pressure breath- facturing and support services. Our ing air requirement. We are world ISO 9001 registered quality manage- AUSTRIA renowned for reliability and durability, ment system is testament to our com- and BAUER as a company is recog- mitment to quality and customer satis- nized as the world’s foremost innova- faction. FRANCE tive designer and manufacturer of high pressure compressors. CUSTOMER SATISFACTION BAUER begins with expert system eval- ITALY BAUER is especially capable of working uation and continues with the design, with clients on a worldwide basis installation, training and support serv- because of our vast network of sales JAPAN ices to ensure the highest quality and and service centers around the globe. optimum performance of the product. BAUER’S U.S. operations include a UNITED KINGDOM 115,000 sq ft manufacturing facility in Norfolk, VA and branch offices in Michigan, California and Florida. SINGAPORE BAUER COMPRESSORS INC. Norfolk, Virginia USA CHINA UNITED ARAB EMIRATES CHILE EGYPT INDIA 5 COMPRESSION SYSTEMS Most advanced compressor 3-STAGE 4-STAGE 5-STAGE 6 SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE Three and four stage compressors Single acting, free floating aluminum Interstage and final separators have a specifically designed for continuous final stage piston with multiple unique maintenance free insert duty 5000 and 6000 psig applications polymide rings and machined oil installed to prevent moisture and oil with no cool down cycle requirements. return ports assure proper lubrication, from contaminating the compressed Unique five stage compressor reduce noise levels, reduce liner wear, air. designed for the rigors of 7000 psig limit blow-by oil consumption and car- Oversized stainless steel intercoolers continuous duty service offering con- bon build up. and aftercooler provide excellent pro- siderably less compression ratios per High strength, heat resistant polymide tection against corrosion and improve stage. rings are a more pliable material than thermal stability which reduces the No “Break-In” period required on ini- steel or iron minimizing ring breakage, possibility of developing leaks at con- tial start-up due to plateau honing and easing installation and removal and nection points. Our coolers are strate- nitrate treatment of cylinder walls. increasing life expectancy. gically mounted so that all surfaces are Innovative cooling fan designs that exposed to the cooling air fan blast Excellent flow capacities with conserv- assuring superior heat dissipation. No atively low compressor RPM. reduce noise levels while producing increased cooling air flow across the auxiliary cooling fans are required. Longest maintenance intervals and compressor. cost conscious replacement parts make cost of ownership the lowest in Heavy duty drive gear with 30,000 the industry. hour life expectancy. A durable forged steel crankshaft supports high strength Cast aluminum magnesium alloy aluminum alloy connecting rods. For crankcase engineered for superior reduced friction and maximum strength, reduced weight and excep- mechanical efficiency each connecting tional heat rejection while offering a rod has a roller bearing at the crank- generous oil sump capacity. The one- shaft end and a needle bearing at the piece design eliminates the potential pin end. The drive gear is supported in for oil leaks between upper and lower the crankcase with heavy duty ball crankcase sealing surfaces. bearings. The dynamically counterbal- An oil sight glass and inexpensive, eas- anced crankshaft provides smooth, ily replaceable oil filter are standard on practically vibration free operation. all models. Valves are readily accessible for inspec- Low pressure lubrication system, gear tion and maintenance. Maintenance is driven by the crankshaft, pumps fil- inexpensive and easy to complete. The tered oil to the final stage of compres- design guarantees optimum air flow sion. and efficiency, thus maximizing valve life - 2000 hours! 7 TECHNOLOGY SYSTEMS Cutting edge system technology 8 SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE COMPRESSOR CONTROL PANEL AUTOMATIC CONDENSATE CCP includes magnetic motor starter, DRAIN fused transformer and PLC controller The highly engineered, yet mainte- in a NEMA 4 electrical enclosure. The nance friendly ACD and reservoir sys- CCP is affixed with a UL® label. For tem with high liquid level indication ease of maintenance and repair the system to alert the operator via the PLC has removable terminal blocks for HMI. Manually operated drain valves all functions and offers EEPROM capa- are supplied to override the automatic bility. operation of the ACD system for test HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE and maintenance purposes. HMI with a four-line backlit or multi- CONTAINMENT FILL STATIONS color touch screen display will detail all BAUER CFS II is the safest and easiest safety/fault shutdowns with scrolling to use in the industry. With an text of up to three potential causes. ergonomically designed fill station Standardized wiring harnesses are built door, only eighteen pounds of effort is as sub-assemblies for uniformity across needed to open or close, thereby elim- product lines. Wiring is color coded inating operator fatigue. Our third and encapsulated within a split corru- party testing profile exceeds the stan- gated type loom. Each wire end con- dards of NFPA 1901. Even the smallest nection is machine crimped and num- detail matters…molded multi-height bered. Plug and play sealed electrical SCBA riser ensures a good fit. connections. OIL AND FINAL AIR PRESSURE They are monitored by pressure sen- sors and transmitted to the HMI for digital display offering accuracy, con- sistency and reliability. The pressure sensors have adjustable set point and dead-band thru the HMI (password protected). Stainless steel high pres- sure tubing sets us apart from those relying on less expensive hose. Skilled labor and CNC tube bending ensure uniformity. 9 SCUBA DIVING SYSTEMS Deep down confidence JUNIOR II OCEANUS DIVE MATE 10 SERVICE TRAINING WORLDWIDE DEDICATION TO EXCELLENCE HORIZONTAL DESIGNS Confidence should be the touchstone When your needs dictate a rugged, when buying a breathing air compres- performance proven package think of sor system. Pure breathing air is essen- BAUER. Our BASIC PACKAGE line of tial. The last thing you want to be con- compressors is designed for the appli- cerned about is the quality of the air cation that requires a horizontal con- you are breathing. Our leading design figuration built around our line of mul- technology, coupled with stringent tistage aircooled compressors and quality control, produces unsurpassed breathing air purification systems. An portable and stationary breathing air entry level price point, with many compressor systems that have been optional upgrades, will satisfy most tested for safety and reliability. You can requirements while also bringing value be confident each breath of air is the into the decision making process. purest. When you think breathing air... VERTICAL DESIGNS THINK BAUER. Introducing the VERTECON series of PORTABLES high pressure breathing air compres- JUNIOR II and OCEANUS, complete sors from the world leader in safe, with air purification system and fill high pressure breathing air systems. hose are safe, reliable three stage com- Why buy dressed up old compressor pressors designed for serious sport and cabinetry technology? Buy BAUER divers. Available in single phase and get the latest technological 115/230 VAC and three phase advancements. The VERTECON design 230/460 VAC electric motor, gasoline is economical, space saving, and or diesel engine drive. allows easy access for routine mainte- Our DIVE MATE takes portable breath- nance. ing air compressors to a new level! ENCLOSED DESIGNS Complete with air purification, DIVE MINI VERTICUS and MAXI VERTICUS MATE is a safe, reliable three or four combine compressor, air purification, stage breathing air compressor SECURUS electronic moisture
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hypothermia Brochure
    Visit these websites for more water safety and hypothermia prevention in- formation. What is East Pierce Fire & Rescue Hypothermia? www.eastpiercefire.org Hypothermia means “low temperature”. Washington State Drowning When your body is exposed to cold tem- Prevention Coalition Hypothermia www.drowning-prevention.org perature, it tries to protect itself by keeping a normal body temperature of 98.6°F. It Children’s Hospital & tries to reduce heat loss by shivering and Regional Medical Center In Our Lakes moving blood from your arms and legs to www.seattlechildrens.org the core of your body—head, chest and and Rivers abdomen. Hypothermia Prevention, Recognition and Treatment www.hypothermia.org Stages of Hypothermia Boat Washington Mild Hypothermia www.boatwashington.org (Core body temperature of 98.6°— 93.2°F) Symptoms: Shivering; altered judg- ment; numbness; clumsiness; loss of Boat U.S. Foundation dexterity; pain from cold; and fast www.boatus.com breathing. Boat Safe Moderate Hypothermia www.boatsafe.com (Core body temperature of 93.2°—86°F) Symptoms: Semiconscious to uncon- scious; shivering reduced or absent; lips are blue; slurred speech; rigid n in muscles; appears drunk; slow Eve breathing; and feeling of warmth can occur. mer! Headquarters Station Sum Severe Hypothermia 18421 Old Buckley Hwy (Core body temperature below 86°F) Bonney Lake, WA 98391 Symptoms: Coma; heart stops; and clinical death. Phone: 253-863-1800 Fax: 253-863-1848 Email: [email protected] Know the water. Know your limits. Wear a life vest. By choosing to swim in colder water you Waters in Western Common Misconceptions Washington reduce your survival time.
    [Show full text]
  • Is Colonic Propionate Delivery a Novel Solution to Improve Metabolism and Inflammation in Overweight Or Obese Subjects?
    Commentary in IgG levels in IPE-treated subjects versus Is colonic propionate delivery a novel those receiving cellulose supplementa- tion. This interesting discovery is the Gut: first published as 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318776 on 26 April 2019. Downloaded from solution to improve metabolism and first evidence in humans that promoting the delivery of propionate in the colon inflammation in overweight or may affect adaptive immunity. It is worth noting that previous preclinical and clin- obese subjects? ical data have shown that supplementation with inulin-type fructans was associated 1,2 with a lower inflammatory tone and a Patrice D Cani reinforcement of the gut barrier.7 8 Never- theless, it remains unknown if these effects Increased intake of dietary fibre has been was the lack of evidence that the observed are directly linked with the production of linked to beneficial impacts on health for effects were due to the presence of inulin propionate, changes in the proportion of decades. Strikingly, the exact mechanisms itself on IPE or the delivery of propionate the overall levels of SCFAs, or the pres- of action are not yet fully understood. into the colon. ence of any other bacterial metabolites. Among the different families of fibres, In GUT, Chambers and colleagues Alongside the changes in the levels prebiotics have gained attention mainly addressed this gap of knowledge and of SCFAs, plasma metabolome analysis because of their capacity to selectively expanded on their previous findings.6 For revealed that each of the supplementa- modulate the gut microbiota composition 42 days, they investigated the impact of tion periods was correlated with different 1 and promote health benefits.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST) Transition
    Copyright by David Samuel Simmons 2009 The Dissertation Committee for David Samuel Simmons certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Phase and Conformational Behavior of LCST-Driven Stimuli Responsive Polymers Committee: ______________________________ Isaac Sanchez, Supervisor ______________________________ Nicholas Peppas ______________________________ Krishnendu Roy ______________________________ Venkat Ganesan ______________________________ Thomas Truskett Phase and Conformational Behavior of LCST-Driven Stimuli Responsive Polymers by David Samuel Simmons, B.S. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December, 2009 To my grandfather, who made me an engineer before I knew the word and to my wife, Carey, for being my partner on my good days and bad. Acknowledgements I am extraordinarily fortunate in the support I have received on the path to this accomplishment. My adviser, Dr. Isaac Sanchez, has made this publication possible with his advice, support, and willingness to field my ideas at random times in the afternoon; he has my deep appreciation for his outstanding guidance. My thanks also go to the members of my Ph.D. committee for their valuable feedback in improving my research and exploring new directions. I am likewise grateful to the other members of Dr. Sanchez’ research group – Xiaoyan Wang, Yingying Jiang, Xiaochu Wang, and Frank Willmore – who have shared their ideas and provided valuable sounding boards for my mine. I would particularly like to express appreciation for Frank’s donation of his own post-graduation time in assisting my research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hazards of Nitrogen Asphyxiation US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board
    The Hazards of Nitrogen Asphyxiation US Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board Introduction • Nitrogen makes up 78% of the air we breath; because of this it is often assumed that nitrogen is not hazardous. • However, nitrogen is safe to breath only if it is mixed with an appropriate amount of oxygen. • Additional nitrogen (lower oxygen) cannot be detected by the sense of smell. Introduction • Nitrogen is used commercially as an inerting agent to keep material free of contaminants (including oxygen) that may corrode equipment, present a fire hazard, or be toxic. • A lower oxygen concentration (e.g., caused by an increased amount of nitrogen) can have a range of effects on the human body and can be fatal if if falls below 10% Effects of Oxygen Deficiency on the Human Body Atmospheric Oxygen Concentration (%) Possible Results 20.9 Normal 19.0 Some unnoticeable adverse physiological effects 16.0 Increased pulse and breathing rate, impaired thinking and attention, reduced coordination 14.0 Abnormal fatigue upon exertion, emotional upset, faulty coordination, poor judgment 12.5 Very poor judgment and coordination, impaired respiration that may cause permanent heart damage, nausea, and vomiting <10 Inability to move, loss of consciousness, convulsions, death Source: Compressed Gas Association, 2001 Statistics on Incidents CSB reviewed cases of nitrogen asphyxiation that occurred in the US between 1992 and 2002 and determined the following: • 85 incidents of nitrogen asphyxiation resulted in 80 deaths and 50 injuries. • The majority of
    [Show full text]
  • Respiratory Physiology - Part B Experimental Determination of Anatomical Dead Space Value (Human 9 - Version Sept
    Comp. Vert. Physiology- BI 244 Respiratory Physiology - Part B Experimental Determination of Anatomical Dead Space Value (Human 9 - Version Sept. 10, 2013) [This version has been modified to also serve as a tutorial in how to run HUMAN's artificial organs] Part of the respiratory physiology computer simulation work for this week allows you to obtain a hand-on feeling for the effects of anatomical dead space on alveolar ventilation. The functional importance of dead space can explored via employing HUMAN's artificial respirator to vary the respiration rate and tidal volume. DEAD SPACE DETERMINATION Introduction The lack of unidirectional respiratory medium flow in non-avian air ventilators creates the existence of an anatomical dead space. The anatomical dead space of an air ventilator is a fixed volume not normally under physiological control. However, the relative importance of dead space is adjustable by appropriate respiratory maneuvers. For example, recall the use by panting animals of their dead space to reduce a potentially harmful respiratory alkalosis while hyperventilating. In general, for any given level of lung ventilation, the fraction of the tidal volume attributed to dead space will affect the resulting level of alveolar ventilation, and therefore the efficiency (in terms of gas exchange) of that ventilation. [You should, of course, refresh your knowledge of total lung ventilation, tidal volume alveolar ventilation.] Your objective here is to observe the effects of a constant "unknown" dead space on resulting alveolar ventilation by respiring the model at a variety of tidal volume-frequency combinations. You are then asked to calculate the functional dead space based on the data you collect.
    [Show full text]
  • Clinical Management of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections When Novel Coronavirus Is Suspected: What to Do and What Not to Do
    INTERIM GUIDANCE DOCUMENT Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infections when novel coronavirus is suspected: What to do and what not to do Introduction 2 Section 1. Early recognition and management 3 Section 2. Management of severe respiratory distress, hypoxemia and ARDS 6 Section 3. Management of septic shock 8 Section 4. Prevention of complications 9 References 10 Acknowledgements 12 Introduction The emergence of novel coronavirus in 2012 (see http://www.who.int/csr/disease/coronavirus_infections/en/index. html for the latest updates) has presented challenges for clinical management. Pneumonia has been the most common clinical presentation; five patients developed Acute Respira- tory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Renal failure, pericarditis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) have also occurred. Our knowledge of the clinical features of coronavirus infection is limited and no virus-specific preven- tion or treatment (e.g. vaccine or antiviral drugs) is available. Thus, this interim guidance document aims to help clinicians with supportive management of patients who have acute respiratory failure and septic shock as a consequence of severe infection. Because other complications have been seen (renal failure, pericarditis, DIC, as above) clinicians should monitor for the development of these and other complications of severe infection and treat them according to local management guidelines. As all confirmed cases reported to date have occurred in adults, this document focuses on the care of adolescents and adults. Paediatric considerations will be added later. This document will be updated as more information becomes available and after the revised Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines are published later this year (1). This document is for clinicians taking care of critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory infec- tion (SARI).
    [Show full text]
  • Exercise and Cellular Respiration Lab
    California State University of Bakersfield, Department of Chemistry Exercise and Cellular Respiration Lab Standards: MS-LS1-7 Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. Introduction: I. Background Information. Cellular respiration (see chemical reaction below) is a chemical reaction that occurs in your cells to create energy; when you are exercising your muscle cells are creating ATP to contract. Cellular respiration requires oxygen (which is breathed in) and creates carbon dioxide (which is breathed out). This lab will address how exercise (increased muscle activity) affects the rate of cellular respiration. You will measure 3 different indicators of cellular respiration: breathing rate, heart rate, and carbon dioxide production. You will measure these indicators at rest (with no exercise) and after 1 and 2 minutes of exercise. Breathing rate is measured in breaths per minute, heart rate in beats per minute, and carbon dioxide in the time it takes bromothymol blue to change color. Carbon dioxide production can be measured by breathing through a straw into a solution of bromothymol blue (BTB). BTB is an acid indicator; when it reacts with acid it turns from blue to yellow. When carbon dioxide reacts with water, a weak acid (carbonic acid) is formed (see chemical reaction below). The more carbon dioxide you breathe into the BTB solution, the faster it will change color to yellow. The purpose of this lab activity is to analyze the effect of exercise on cellular respiration. Background: I.
    [Show full text]
  • QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR BREATHING Name:______Please Answer the Questions Below for ONLY the PATIENT Seeing the Doctor Today, Date of Birth:______You OR Your Child
    QUESTIONS ABOUT YOUR BREATHING Name:_____________________________________ Please answer the questions below for ONLY THE PATIENT seeing the doctor today, Date of Birth:_______________________________ you OR your child. Today’s Date:_______________________________ 1. Have you/has your child had shortness of breath, 9. At what age did you/did your child start having coughing, wheezing (whistling in the chest) during the day? breathing trouble?_____________ r Yes r No 10. Do any blood relatives (parent, brother, sister, child) have: 2. Have you/has your child had breathing trouble at night r Asthma r Allergies or early in the morning r Yes r No 11. Do you or anyone in the family smoke? r Yes r No 3. Has breathing trouble kept you/kept your child from school/ work/normal activities? r Yes r No 12. Are you/is your child ever in smoky places? r Yes r No 4. Have you/has your child ever been to a doctor, urgent care, 13. Check any of the things that make your/your child’s emergency room or a hospital for breathing trouble? r Yes r No breathing worse, or tell us about others. 5. Do you/does your child get colds that settle in the chest, r Breathing in chemicals, dusts, fumes at work r Colds or flu r Strong odors, like cleaners or perfumes or coughing that lasts 10 days or more after a cold is gone? r Animals r Weather r Yes r No r Dust r Exercise 6. Have you/has your child ever needed steroid pills or syrup r Pollen and mold r Cigarette and other smoke (prednisone, prednisolone, prelone) for breathing trouble? r Medicines:___________________________________________ r Yes r No _______________________________________________________ If yes, how many times has this happened? ___________________ r Other things: 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Brownie's THIRD LUNG
    BrMARINEownie GROUP’s Owner’s Manual Variable Speed Hand Carry Hookah Diving System ADVENTURE IS ALWAYS ON THE LINE! VSHCDC Systems This manual is also available online 3001 NW 25th Avenue, Pompano Beach, FL 33069 USA Ph +1.954.462.5570 Fx +1.954.462.6115 www.BrowniesMarineGroup.com CONGRATULATIONS ON YOUR PURCHASE OF A BROWNIE’S SYSTEM You now have in your possession the finest, most reliable, surface supplied breathing air system available. The operation is designed with your safety and convenience in mind, and by carefully reading this brief manual you can be assured of many hours of trouble-free enjoyment. READ ALL SAFETY RULES AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL AND FOLLOW THEM WITH EACH USE OF THIS PRODUCT. MANUAL SAFETY NOTICES Important instructions concerning the endangerment of personnel, technical safety or operator safety will be specially emphasized in this manual by placing the information in the following types of safety notices. DANGER DANGER INDICATES AN IMMINENTLY HAZARDOUS SITUATION WHICH, IF NOT AVOIDED, WILL RESULT IN DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY. THIS IS LIMITED TO THE MOST EXTREME SITUATIONS. WARNING WARNING INDICATES A POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS SITUATION WHICH, IF NOT AVOIDED, COULD RESULT IN DEATH OR INJURY. CAUTION CAUTION INDICATES A POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS SITUATION WHICH, IF NOT AVOIDED, MAY RESULT IN MINOR OR MODERATE INJURY. IT MAY ALSO BE USED TO ALERT AGAINST UNSAFE PRACTICES. NOTE NOTE ADVISE OF TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS THAT REQUIRE PARTICULAR ATTENTION BY THE OPERATOR OR THE MAINTENANCE TECHNICIAN FOR PROPER MAINTENANCE AND UTILIZATION OF THE EQUIPMENT. REGISTER YOUR PRODUCT ONLINE Go to www.BrowniesMarineGroup.com to register your product.
    [Show full text]
  • What Are the Health Effects from Exposure to Carbon Monoxide?
    CO Lesson 2 CARBON MONOXIDE: LESSON TWO What are the Health Effects from Exposure to Carbon Monoxide? LESSON SUMMARY Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, tasteless, colorless and nonirritating Grade Level: 9 – 12 gas that is impossible to detect by an exposed person. CO is produced by the Subject(s) Addressed: incomplete combustion of carbon-based fuels, including gas, wood, oil and Science, Biology coal. Exposure to CO is the leading cause of fatal poisonings in the United Class Time: 1 Period States and many other countries. When inhaled, CO is readily absorbed from the lungs into the bloodstream, where it binds tightly to hemoglobin in the Inquiry Category: Guided place of oxygen. CORE UNDERSTANDING/OBJECTIVES By the end of this lesson, students will have a basic understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying CO toxicity. For specific learning and standards addressed, please see pages 30 and 31. MATERIALS INCORPORATION OF TECHNOLOGY Computer and/or projector with video capabilities INDIAN EDUCATION FOR ALL Fires utilizing carbon-based fuels, such as wood, produce carbon monoxide as a dangerous byproduct when the combustion is incomplete. Fire was important for the survival of early Native American tribes. The traditional teepees were well designed with sophisticated airflow patterns, enabling fires to be contained within the shelter while minimizing carbon monoxide exposure. However, fire was used for purposes other than just heat and cooking. According to the historian Henry Lewis, Native Americans used fire to aid in hunting, crop management, insect collection, warfare and many other activities. Today, fire is used to heat rocks used in sweat lodges.
    [Show full text]
  • Affinity of Small-Molecule Solutes to Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, and Chemically Patterned Interfaces in Aqueous Solution
    Affinity of small-molecule solutes to hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and chemically patterned interfaces in aqueous solution Jacob I. Monroea, Sally Jiaoa, R. Justin Davisb, Dennis Robinson Browna, Lynn E. Katzb, and M. Scott Shella,1 aDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; and bDepartment of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 Edited by Peter J. Rossky, Rice University, Houston, TX, and approved November 17, 2020 (received for review September 30, 2020) Performance of membranes for water purification is highly influ- However, a molecular understanding that links membrane enced by the interactions of solvated species with membrane surface chemistry to solute affinity and hence membrane func- surfaces, including surface adsorption of solutes upon fouling. tional properties remains incomplete, due in part to the complex Current efforts toward fouling-resistant membranes often pursue interplay among specific interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonds, surface hydrophilization, frequently motivated by macroscopic electrostatics, dispersion) and molecular morphology (e.g., sur- measures of hydrophilicity, because hydrophobicity is thought to face and polymer configurations) that are difficult to disentangle increase solute–surface affinity. While this heuristic has driven di- (11–14). Chemically heterogeneous surfaces are even less un- verse membrane functionalization strategies, here we build on derstood but can affect fouling in complex ways.
    [Show full text]
  • Breathing Air Quality, Sampling and Testing
    Breathing Air Quality, Sampling and Testing Environmental Health Laboratory Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health University of Washington Funding and support from The State of Washington Department of Labor & Industries Safety & Health Investment Projects Medical Aid and Accident Fund Breathing Air Quality, Sampling, and Testing Environmental Health Laboratory Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health University of Washington Funding and support from The State of Washington Department of Labor & Industries Safety & Health Investment Projects Medical Aid and Accident Funds 1 University of Washington Environmental Health Laboratory Table of Contents Overview ...............................................................................1 Background ...........................................................................2 Regulated Components of Breathing Air ...............................7 Performance of Breathing Air Testing Kits ............................9 Laboratory Accreditation .....................................................18 Guidance Summary .............................................................19 Glossary ..............................................................................20 References ...........................................................................22 List of Tables Table 1. Breathing Air Quality Specifications ........................2 Table 2. Description of Kits Tested ........................................9
    [Show full text]