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Lillll~~~~M~~~~~~~~~~ Lill! PP: 85 't6 . of/ 7o.f,r The following interview with Mr. Gordon James Cavanagh was recorded for the Battye Library Oral History Programme on the 22nd August, 1975 by Jean Teasdale. Mr. Cavanagh talks mainly about the early days of the 20th century in the Esperance area as well as the Ravensthorpe and Norseman areas. You wanted where I was born. I was born at Kilkenny, South Australia, came across to Western Australia in 1896. How old were you then? About 18 months. We arrived 1n Norseman December 96. We lived there till about the end of 98 or 99. And my father worked at the Battery. Government Battery that was and Mum and the f our boys we turned in a fruit van, a bloke named Hungry Harrison. Jack Harrison was his name but they called him Hungry, went back to Esperance. And we lived there until my family left there in 1940 and my mother .... Do you remember much about Norseman? While you were living in Norseman. I ... '~ . ~~ ....... afterwards off an on that's all. But I had a sister born at Esperance, in fact I had two sisters born at Esperance, one before the turn of the century and one after it. And when I was nearly ten I went to work- for Brook's Station. Coming through from Israelite Bay ... ~ ... a mob of sheep. And I had my llth birthday sitting up on Moutn Edward. Do you know where Mount Edward is? No. It's about ten mile out before you get to Mt. Merrivale. And I worked with that mob of sheep through to Norseman , Southern Hills . What was the purpose of that? Were you taking them to market or. No. It was a very, very bad year. 1906 that was and he was bringing sheep down near Dempster Station, ... ... come down that way ..... How big a mob? Just on a thousand. But half of them got poisoned near the Thomas River. l illl l3~ ~ ~ ~1111m~ ~~ ~~~03522226~~ ~~ lill! l l l ~2~ ~ ~ ~~ 2. Were you the only one shepherding them? No, we had natives with him then. And it was burnt country and nobody woke up to the poison that shot up and · ~ - ~ ···>~ for a couple of days and I finished up with 450 of those sheep. And then he sold his wagon and horses there and he wanted to sell some sheep but he had to go on to Norseman, the butcher there, so we went around that way, travelling 8 mile a day, that's about all. You had your horse and dog and .... y~~~- ~~... you were on foot. You went that slowly. When he had this break up with the poison of the sheep, with his natives, one native woman got sick and he brought her to the doctor at Esperance. She was talking to me before she got to the town. She'd never seen a town, but she was dead when he brought her to the doctor's place. Well that meant, the natives went and he had a bloke named Billy ~r a few weeks with him, then he had an old Scotchman called Chambers. Scotty Chambers for six weeks and old then I and another/chap went out and ..... And was it a tribe? A particular tribe helped you shepherd ..... No the natives went. But before that, did they follow you and cook for you and so forth? Oh no. The natives you mean? Yes. Oh no. When this woman died, native woman, her husband and the other natives they'd go, they won't stop and that was the end, you see. Well that's when he C ~ for a few weeks and Billy left him and he got Scotty Chambers. He was a ... Qeer. bloke that knocked around Esperance. A ~ -· by profession but a bum by profession too. He was a drunk. Well then he was at it for six weeks and of course he wanted more beer and an old swaggy and I went out to give him a hand with the sheep and then the swaggy stopped a few weeks and he went on and Scotty come back again and then another kid come out named Doust, stopped for a few weeks and he cleared out and then we had a half-caste named Jimmy Yeats and he went on to Norseman, right on to Southern Hills. You know where Southern Hills is? Yes. And then we picked up some natives 3 • there that used to work for Brooks and Jimmy came back to Esperance. Well we went right near Balladonia and down to Bal ~~ and I was there nearly three years. I learnt to shear there and learnt a lot about sheep. Well they brought me back to go to school. I was about thirteen years and nine months old ...... You'd never been to school. Oh very little. And I wasn't much of a scholar. Figures I was all right to ...... I could work figures out but other things I was pretty slow. I didn't seem to be interested. Anything outside yes., but then I worked as a surveyor for a few months and then I went through to Katanning with a mob of horses for Daws. And I worked on their orchard for a few months and then I worked for ... they tried to get me back to school, I think they did for two or three weeks. I worked as a surveyor and in 1912 I went up to Shepherd's farm .... I did a lot of fencing, around helping with . ~ . but I went up to Shepherd's Farm at Grass Patch and I was there from about October 1912 to February 1914. Then I went down to Esperance. I worked on the salts. And I was working on the road near Gibson Soak when the war broke out. And a couple of months after that I went to the war. How old were you then? 19. What did you join? I was working on the road about a mile form Gibson Soak . They were going to put a railway line down there. What age would I have been? I would have been 19. Yes I turned 19 just about that time. And I came up here to Perth in 1914. I was too late. They wouldn't take any more recruits till January 15 and I went away in April 1915. I was on the sea going over when the landing at the Dardenelles. Well I was there about 4 months and after the evacuation I was in hospital the day my.regime~t moved out of the where they were camped and I missed them by a day but they said they would send for me but they called for volunteers to go to France in the artillery so I finished up in France. What did you originally join? Which group ... 4. lOth Light Horse. Yes. And then I was in the 4th. ~ Artillery, 110 .... ~ . ~ - . ~ ....... France. And I was o ne of the lucky ones. I only got smacked slightly a couple of times . And I was lucky enough to be in London when the Armistice was signed on leave. People don't know that there was two hotels selling grog at the same time at Gibson Soak. Now that building was almost opposite the other one, only one block further north on the opposite side and we used to camp in that and that bui lding was still there when I came back in 1919. It only lasted a few months because things died, you see, but that did open the bar for a few months. What about early Esperance? If you were living in Esperance right from the beginning of the century you must be able to tell me a bit about the early town, the personalities. Yes. Well you see ..... D ~when they went down in the 60's they were practical men, they knew what they were doing. You know where their old homestead is? Well was you there when the old shed was down near the, right in front, near the beach? No. Well they had a big two-storey shed there and then a lean-to at the back and they had a little railway line, a little truck line and they used to chart their own ship. I can remember the Rachel Cowen was one, they were schooners, the Eclipse, Rachel Cowen, the Eclipse, there was four different ones came at different times . Where did they come from? South Australia. Used to charter from South Australia and the wool used to go .. to South Australia. Well the back of th~t was their original shearing shed but a lot of people don't think it was you see and they reckon that about four or five mile out e~st, that was their first shed but it was not. It was ........ Dempsters had it and they could almost roll the wool off the sheep's back onto the schooners and they had a little truck it used to carry four bails down you see and it went on the dinghies and they used to have a wench or a windlass and they'd pull it out. If they had a chance. ~ ...~ ... it's 5 . only a couple of hundred yards out from the shed. And that's / where Dempster's ~~-l .Ct . 1 But when the town broke out and the people all come, they couldn't bring about 20,000 sheep througQ the town and all there so I suppose , .
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