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POLICY BRIEF by George Bunn & John B
ary ald Reagan Libr Courtesy Ron POLICY BRIEF by George Bunn & John B. Rhinelander LAWS September 2007 Reykjavik Revisited: Toward a World Free of Nuclear Weapons It would be fine with At their October 1986 Reykjavik summit meeting, Ronald Reagan me if we eliminated all and Mikhail Gorbachev agreed orally that their two governments should "nuclear weapons. eliminate all their nuclear weapons. Reagan said, “It would be fine with me if we eliminated all nuclear weapons.” Gorbachev replied, “We can do that.” Reagan’s secretary of state, George Shultz, participated in the – Ronald Reagan, discussion. While that proposal later floundered over U.S. plans for October 1986 missile defense and differences over the Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) " Treaty, the goal of going to zero nuclear weapons is highly relevant today.1 George Shultz, now at the Hoover Institution on the campus of Stanford University, organized a conference to review the goal of Reykjavik in October 2006, the 20th anniversary of the Reykjavik This policy brief made possible summit. He invited former high-level government officials and other by the Lawyers Alliance for World experts to consider major changes in current U.S. nuclear-weapon control Security, an independent partner and reduction policies, including the ultimate goal of a world free of of the World Security Institute. nuclear weapons. He had the assistance of Sidney Drell, a distinguished Stanford physicist who has long been an adviser to the U.S. government 1 The best treatment of this extraordinary meeting is Don Oberdorfer, The Turn (1991), chap. 5, 155-209, including page 202 for the Reagan- Gorbachev quotes (This has been republished under soft cover under the new title, From The Cold War To A New Era: The United States and the Soviet Union, 1983-1991). -
The American-Scandinavian Foundation
THE AMERICAN-SCANDINAVIAN FOUNDATION BI-ANNUAL REPORT JULY 1, 2011 TO JUNE 30, 2013 The American-Scandinavian Foundation BI-ANNUAL REPORT July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2013 The American-Scandinavian Foundation (ASF) serves as a vital educational and cultural link between the United States and the five Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. A publicly supported nonprofit organization, the Foundation fosters cultural understanding, provides a forum for the exchange of ideas, and sustains an extensive program of fellowships, grants, internships/training, publishing, and cultural events. Over 30,000 Scandinavians and Americans have participated in its exchange programs over the last century. In October 2000, the ASF inaugurated Scandinavia House: The Nordic Center in America, its headquarters, where it presents a broad range of public programs furthering its mission to reinforce the strong relationships between the United States and the Nordic nations, honoring their shared values and appreciating their differences. 58 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 • AMscan.ORG H.M. Queen Margrethe II H.E. Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson Patrons of Denmark President of Iceland 2011 – 2013 H.E. Tarja Halonen H.M. King Harald V President of Finland of Norway until February, 2012 H.M. King Carl XVI Gustaf H.E Sauli Niinistö of Sweden President of Finland from March, 2012 H.R.H. Princess Benedikte H.H. Princess Märtha Louise Honorary of Denmark of Norway Trustees H.E. Martti Ahtisaari H.R.H. Crown Princess Victoria 2011 – 2013 President of Finland,1994-2000 of Sweden H.E. Vigdís Finnbogadóttir President of Iceland, 1980-1996 Officers 2011 – 2012 Richard E. -
New Documents on Mongolia and the Cold War
Cold War International History Project Bulletin, Issue 16 New Documents on Mongolia and the Cold War Translation and Introduction by Sergey Radchenko1 n a freezing November afternoon in Ulaanbaatar China and Russia fell under the Mongolian sword. However, (Ulan Bator), I climbed the Zaisan hill on the south- after being conquered in the 17th century by the Manchus, Oern end of town to survey the bleak landscape below. the land of the Mongols was divided into two parts—called Black smoke from gers—Mongolian felt houses—blanketed “Outer” and “Inner” Mongolia—and reduced to provincial sta- the valley; very little could be discerned beyond the frozen tus. The inhabitants of Outer Mongolia enjoyed much greater Tuul River. Chilling wind reminded me of the cold, harsh autonomy than their compatriots across the border, and after winter ahead. I thought I should have stayed at home after all the collapse of the Qing dynasty, Outer Mongolia asserted its because my pen froze solid, and I could not scribble a thing right to nationhood. Weak and disorganized, the Mongolian on the documents I carried up with me. These were records religious leadership appealed for help from foreign countries, of Mongolia’s perilous moves on the chessboard of giants: including the United States. But the first foreign troops to its strategy of survival between China and the Soviet Union, appear were Russian soldiers under the command of the noto- and its still poorly understood role in Asia’s Cold War. These riously cruel Baron Ungern who rode past the Zaisan hill in the documents were collected from archival depositories and pri- winter of 1921. -
ASD-Covert-Foreign-Money.Pdf
overt C Foreign Covert Money Financial loopholes exploited by AUGUST 2020 authoritarians to fund political interference in democracies AUTHORS: Josh Rudolph and Thomas Morley © 2020 The Alliance for Securing Democracy Please direct inquiries to The Alliance for Securing Democracy at The German Marshall Fund of the United States 1700 18th Street, NW Washington, DC 20009 T 1 202 683 2650 E [email protected] This publication can be downloaded for free at https://securingdemocracy.gmfus.org/covert-foreign-money/. The views expressed in GMF publications and commentary are the views of the authors alone. Cover and map design: Kenny Nguyen Formatting design: Rachael Worthington Alliance for Securing Democracy The Alliance for Securing Democracy (ASD), a bipartisan initiative housed at the German Marshall Fund of the United States, develops comprehensive strategies to deter, defend against, and raise the costs on authoritarian efforts to undermine and interfere in democratic institutions. ASD brings together experts on disinformation, malign finance, emerging technologies, elections integrity, economic coercion, and cybersecurity, as well as regional experts, to collaborate across traditional stovepipes and develop cross-cutting frame- works. Authors Josh Rudolph Fellow for Malign Finance Thomas Morley Research Assistant Contents Executive Summary �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 1 Introduction and Methodology �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� -
S:\FULLCO~1\HEARIN~1\Committee Print 2018\Henry\Jan. 9 Report
Embargoed for Media Publication / Coverage until 6:00AM EST Wednesday, January 10. 1 115TH CONGRESS " ! S. PRT. 2d Session COMMITTEE PRINT 115–21 PUTIN’S ASYMMETRIC ASSAULT ON DEMOCRACY IN RUSSIA AND EUROPE: IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY A MINORITY STAFF REPORT PREPARED FOR THE USE OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JANUARY 10, 2018 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Relations Available via World Wide Web: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/congress/index.html U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 28–110 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Mar 15 2010 04:06 Jan 09, 2018 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5012 Sfmt 5012 S:\FULL COMMITTEE\HEARING FILES\COMMITTEE PRINT 2018\HENRY\JAN. 9 REPORT FOREI-42327 with DISTILLER seneagle Embargoed for Media Publication / Coverage until 6:00AM EST Wednesday, January 10. COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS BOB CORKER, Tennessee, Chairman JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho BENJAMIN L. CARDIN, Maryland MARCO RUBIO, Florida ROBERT MENENDEZ, New Jersey RON JOHNSON, Wisconsin JEANNE SHAHEEN, New Hampshire JEFF FLAKE, Arizona CHRISTOPHER A. COONS, Delaware CORY GARDNER, Colorado TOM UDALL, New Mexico TODD YOUNG, Indiana CHRISTOPHER MURPHY, Connecticut JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming TIM KAINE, Virginia JOHNNY ISAKSON, Georgia EDWARD J. MARKEY, Massachusetts ROB PORTMAN, Ohio JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon RAND PAUL, Kentucky CORY A. BOOKER, New Jersey TODD WOMACK, Staff Director JESSICA LEWIS, Democratic Staff Director JOHN DUTTON, Chief Clerk (II) VerDate Mar 15 2010 04:06 Jan 09, 2018 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 S:\FULL COMMITTEE\HEARING FILES\COMMITTEE PRINT 2018\HENRY\JAN. -
Democratic Information in an Age of Corporate Power
14 09/2016 N°14 Democratic Information in an Age of Corporate Power Democratic Information in an Age of Corporate Power The Passerelle Collection The Passerelle Collection, realised in the framework of the Coredem initiative (Communauté des sites de ressources documentaires pour une démocratie mondiale– Community of Sites of Documentary Resources for a Global Democracy), aims at presenting current topics through analyses, propos- als and experiences based both on field work and research. Each issue is an attempt to weave together various contribu- tions on a specific issue by civil society organisations, media, trade unions, social movements, citizens, academics, etc. The publication of new issues of Passerelle is often associated to public conferences, «Coredem’s Wednesdays» which pursue a similar objective: creating space for dialogue, sharing and build- ing common ground between the promoters of social change. All issues are available online at: www.coredem.info Coredem, a Collective Initiative Coredem (Community of Sites of Documentary Resources for a Global Democracy) is a space for exchanging knowl- edge and practices by and for actors of social change. More than 30 activist organisations and networks share informa- tion and analysis online by pooling it thanks to the search engine Scrutari. Coredem is open to any organisation, net- work, social movement or media which consider that the experiences, proposals and analysis they set forth are building blocks for fairer, more sustainable and more responsible societies. Ritimo, the Publisher The organisation Ritimo is in charge of Coredem and of publishing the Passerelle Collection. Ritimo is a network for information and documentation on international solidarity and sustainable development. -
France's Yellow Vests
H-Diplo H-Diplo/ISSF Policy Series: France’s Yellow Vests: Lessons from a Revolt Discussion published by George Fujii on Wednesday, April 24, 2019 H-Diplo | ISSF POLICY Series 2-5 (2019): France’s Yellow Vests: Lessons from a Revolt Published on 24 April 2019 | issforum.org Forum Editors: Michael C. Behrent and Diane Labrosse Web and Production Editor: George Fujii Shortlink: http://tiny.cc/PR-2-5 Permalink: https://issforum.org/roundtables/policy/2-5-yellow-vests PDF URL: https://issforum.org/ISSF/PDF/Policy-Roundtable-2-5.pdf Contents Introduction by Michael C. Behrent, Appalachian State University. 2 Essay by Emile Chabal, University of Edinburgh. 8 Essay by Valérie Charolles, école des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (Paris)Translated for H-Diplo by Michael C. Behrent 12 Essay by Valérie Charolles, école des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (Paris) 16 Essay by Daniel A. Gordon, Edge Hill University. 20 © Copyright 2019 The Authors Introduction by Michael C. Behrent, Appalachian State University In the ongoing saga of contemporary populism, France’s Yellow Vest movement has sounded something like the other shoe dropping. In 2016, Brexit and Donald Trump’s election shattered prevailing political orthodoxies by mobilizing populations around a potent cocktail of xenophobia, protectionism, and sovereignism. Forces with a family resemblance to these movements are calling the shots in Italy, Hungary, and Poland. Yet while France had for years been a major breeding ground Citation: George Fujii. H-Diplo/ISSF Policy Series: France’s Yellow Vests: Lessons from a Revolt. H-Diplo. 04-24-2019. https://networks.h-net.org/node/28443/discussions/4050156/h-diploissf-policy-series-france%E2%80%99s-yellow-vests-lessons-revolt Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License. -
Conference: Repairing the U.S.-NATO-Russia Relationship and Reducing the Risks of the Use of Nuclear Weapons
Conference: Repairing the U.S.-NATO-Russia Relationship and Reducing the Risks of the Use of Nuclear Weapons Convened by The Simons Foundation and Simon Fraser University’s Morris J. Wosk Centre for Dialogue Morris J. Wosk Centre for Dialogue, Simon Fraser University 580 West Hastings Street, Vancouver 26-28 September 2018 List of Participants Dr. Bruce G. Blair Conference Chair; Research Scholar, Program on Science and Global Security, Princeton University; Co-Founder, Global Zero Dr. Bruce G. Blair is a research scholar in the Program on Science and Global Security at Princeton University and is co-founder of the Global Zero movement for the elimination of nuclear weapons. From 2011 to 2017, he served as a member of the U.S. Secretary of State’s International Security Advisory Board. For many years, Blair was a senior fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies Program at the Brookings Institution and served as a project director at the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment. He previously served in the U.S. Air Force as a Minuteman ICBM launch control officer and as a support officer for the Airborne Command Post of the Strategic Air Command. Blair holds a PhD in operations research from Yale University. Dr. James Acton Jessica T. Mathews Chair and Co-director of Nuclear Policy Program Carnegie Endowment for International Peace James Acton holds the Jessica T. Mathews Chair and is co-director of the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. A physicist by training, Acton’s current research focuses on the escalation risks of advanced conventional weapons. -
2020 France Country Report | SGI Sustainable Governance Indicators
France Report Yves Mény, Henrik Uterwedde, Reimut Zohlnhöfer (Coordinator) Sustainable Governance Indicators 2020 © vege - stock.adobe.com Sustainable Governance SGI Indicators SGI 2020 | 2 France Report Executive Summary France enjoys solid institutions of governance, and under the Fifth Republic has benefited from the most stable, consensual and efficient period of the past 200 years. Yet the country has struggled to effectively address the challenges associated with Europeanization and globalization. The helplessness of the previous conservative and socialist governments faced with the deep economic crisis has contributed to the rise of radical populist parties on the left (La France Insoumise) and the right (National Rally), and a deep distrust between large segments of the population and the political class. The 2017 presidential election failed to remedy this situation, as the upsurge of the Yellow Vest movement (Gilets jaunes) showed particularly between November 2018 and June 2019. The social tensions are still acute and ready to unfold. Politically, aside from the unexpected landslide victory of a candidate who had no party support, one of the most striking consequences of the 2017 election has been the dramatic fragmentation of the traditional parties of government. The Socialist party of former President François Hollande is in pieces, lacking either a viable program or viable leadership. In October 2018, the left wing seceded, and the leaders of each the various factions have either been defeated or have retired. After the collapse of their candidate in the presidential election, the Conservatives (Les Républicains) chose a young new leader (Laurent Wauquiez) who was later forced to resign in June 2019 after the failure of his strategy at the European elections. -
Russia's Promotion of Illiberal Populism
alliance for securing democracy PolicyBrief 2019 | No. 042 Russia’s Promotion of Illiberal Populism: Tools, Tactics, Networks By Laura Rosenberger and Thomas Morley Understanding the rise of illiberal populism has been tools in different combinations in multiple countries. a focus of recent debate on both sides of the Atlantic. Second, Russia uses cross-border networks as vectors This “illiberal international” has many faces, often of influence across the transatlantic space, often seemingly at odds: Donald Trump and Jill Stein in the The Russian United States, Marine Le Pen and Jean-Luc Melenchon facilitated by Russian in France, la Lega and the Five Star Movement in oligarchs or other figures government 1 “ uses a range Italy. A combination of internal and external factors close to the regime, who drive these movements, including domestic forces serve as transnational of largely such as income inequality and a sense of government connectors of populist asymmetric irresponsiveness, and transnational trends like migration movements. Finally, while tools to and technological change. At the same time, Russia and interactions between the support a its leadership have sought to exploit and strengthen Russian government, diverse set these movements as a means to weaken the West and its proxies, and illiberal of actors gain relative power – by deepening societal polarization, populists often use shared across the amplifying divisive issues on which these movements social, cultural, or religious values, for Russia these transatlantic feed, providing financial support, and connecting space...” movements across borders. This paper does not analyze pathways are utilitarian the internal drivers of these movements or transnational means not ideological ends, trends, but stipulates that they are important. -
George Shultz, Nuclear Statecraft and the Vision for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons1 Stephan Kieninger
George Shultz, Nuclear Statecraft and the Vision for a World Free of Nuclear Weapons1 Stephan Kieninger Summary As Secretary of State, George Shultz worked hard to help protect Ronald Reagan’s and Mikhail Gorbachev’s shared goal of a world free of nuclear weapons. This article looks into Shultz’s contribution to Reagan’s groundbreaking arms control diplomacy and its pivotal role for the peaceful end of the Cold War highlighting the contemporary significance of Reagan’s and Shultz’s vision at a time when the global challenge is to build from scratch a new arms control architecture for the 21th century, something that will need strength, patient statecraft and the long-term management of adversarial relations with Russia and China. The article sheds new light on the complexities of Ronald Reagan’s approach: On the one hand, Reagan wanted America’s victory in the battle with the Soviet Union. At the same time, he wanted to abolish nuclear weapons, and reducing nuclear weapons required patient statecraft and the relaunch of U.S.-Soviet cooperation. Ronald Reagan and George Shultz managed to weave these aims together combining strength and diplomacy in new ways in an effort to advance freedom and promote democracy. About the Author Stephan Kieninger is an independent historian and the author of two books on the history of détente and Euro-Atlantic security: The Diplomacy of Détente. Cooperative Security Policies from Helmut Schmidt to George Shultz (2018) and Dynamic Détente. The United States and Europe, 1964– 1975 (2016). He received his PhD from Mannheim University. Formerly, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins SAIS, a fellow at the Berlin Center for Cold War Studies, and a senior researcher at the Federal German Archives. -
Confronting a Crisis: Tools for Analysis and Interpretation
COURSE OUTLINE CONFRONTING A CRISIS: TOOLS FOR ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION Teachers(s): David Chuter, Bertrand Epstein, Romain Poirot-Lellig, Guillaume Le Duc, Jérôme Spinoza, Léonard Vincent Academic year 2017/2018: Paris School of International Affairs – Spring Semester BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION David CHUTER: A former UK civil servant, David Chuter spent his career in the Ministry of Defence, where he dealt with a wide range of generally international issues, including European Security, the Balkans (including war crimes and transitional justice) and the political support of arms exports. He has been involved in Security Sector Reform since the defence and security transition in South Africa between 1993 and 1995. From 2005-2008 he worked in the Délégation aux Affaires Stratégiques of the Ministry of Defence, as Special Advisor to the Policy Director. He is now an independent author, lecturer and consultant based in Paris, and author of a number of books on security questions. Bertrand EPSTEIN: Officer, currently working on policies for the Amy staff. He previously worked for the disarmament and strategic affairs department of the MFA, where he specialized on defence and security related issues in Africa. He worked for the Cabinet of the Ministry of Defence from 2011 to 2013. A helicopter pilot, he served in several army aviation units and was deployed in the field both in national and multinational operations. He is a graduate of Saint-Cyr military academy, the United States Command and General Staff College, and the French War College. Romain POIROT-LELLIG: Former Political Adviser to the Special Representative of the European Union for Afghanistan, based in Kabul from 2008 to 2010, in Mali and Burkina Faso between 2013 and 2015, Romain Poirot-Lellig began his career as a financial journalist (at La Tribune) then as an investment banker and public affairs adviser between Paris and Hong Kong.