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Masarykova Univerzita Filozofická Fakulta Ústav Klasických Studií Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav klasických studií Magisterská diplomová práce 2019 Bc. Gabriela Klimszová Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Ústav klasických studií Dějiny starověku Bc. Gabriela Klimszová Aëtius a Attila ve filmové tvorbě Magisterská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Jarmila Bednaříková, CSc. Brno 2019 Prohlašuji, že jsem diplomovou práci vypracovala samostatně s využitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … Podpis autora práce Zde bych chtěla poděkovat doc. PhDr. Jarmila Bednaříková, CSc., za její trpělivost, laskavost a odborné vedení, bez něhož by tato práce nemohla vzniknout. Obsah Obsah ............................................................................................................................................................. 5 Úvod ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 Prameny ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 Ammianus Marcellinus ............................................................................................................... 10 Priskos z Pania ............................................................................................................................. 10 Jordanes ........................................................................................................................................ 10 Flavius Merobaudes .................................................................................................................... 11 Řehoř z Tours .............................................................................................................................. 11 Sidonios Apollinaris .................................................................................................................... 11 1. Stav Římské říše v pozdní antice ..................................................................................................... 12 1. 1. Stavy ................................................................................................................................ 13 1. 2. Armáda ........................................................................................................................... 16 1. 3. Daňový systém .............................................................................................................. 17 1. 4. Náboţenství ................................................................................................................... 18 1. 5. Západořímská říše na konci 4. století a na počátku 5. století ................................. 20 1. 6. Valentinianus III. a jeho vláda ..................................................................................... 22 1. 7. Flavius Aëtius ................................................................................................................. 23 2. Hunové a Hunská říše ...................................................................................................................... 27 2. 1. Hunové a Římská říše ................................................................................................... 28 2. 2. Attilova říše .................................................................................................................... 29 2. 3. Vpád do Galie ................................................................................................................ 33 2. 4. Bitva na Catalaunských polích ..................................................................................... 35 2. 5. Vpád do severní Itálie ................................................................................................... 37 2. 6. Attilova smrt .................................................................................................................. 38 3. Historie ve filmu ................................................................................................................................ 41 3. 1. Attila 2001 ...................................................................................................................... 41 5 3. 2. Komparace s antickými prameny ................................................................................ 43 Postava císaře Valentiniana III. ............................................................................................ 43 Postava Flavia Aëtia ............................................................................................................... 44 Postava Attily .......................................................................................................................... 45 Vztah mezi Aëtiem a Attilou................................................................................................. 46 Zavraţdění Bledy .................................................................................................................... 47 Honoriin vzkaz ....................................................................................................................... 47 Bitva na Catalaunských polích .............................................................................................. 48 Attilova smrt ............................................................................................................................ 50 Aëtiova smrt ............................................................................................................................ 51 3. 3. Attila 1954 ...................................................................................................................... 52 3. 4. Komparace s antickými prameny ................................................................................ 53 Postava císaře Valentiniana III. ............................................................................................ 53 Postava Flavia Aëtia ............................................................................................................... 54 Postava Attily .......................................................................................................................... 55 Honoriin vzkaz ....................................................................................................................... 55 Vztah mezi Aëtiem a Attilou................................................................................................. 56 Zavraţdění Bledy .................................................................................................................... 57 Bitva na Catalaunských polích .............................................................................................. 57 Attilova smrt ............................................................................................................................ 58 Aëtiova smrt ............................................................................................................................ 58 4. Komparace filmů ............................................................................................................................... 59 Postava císaře Valentiniana III. ................................................................................................. 59 Postava Flavia Aëtia .................................................................................................................... 59 Postava Attily ............................................................................................................................... 60 Honoriin vzkaz ............................................................................................................................ 60 Vztah mezi Aëtiem a Attilou ..................................................................................................... 61 Zavraţdění Bledy ......................................................................................................................... 61 6 Bitva na Catalaunských polích................................................................................................... 62 Attilova smrt ................................................................................................................................ 62 Aëtiova smrt ................................................................................................................................. 62 Attilův a Aëtiův vzhled ............................................................................................................... 63 Závěr ............................................................................................................................................................ 69 Bibliografie .................................................................................................................................................. 73 Prameny ........................................................................................................................................ 73 Literatura ...................................................................................................................................... 74 7 Úvod Cílem této práce je srovnání dvou filmových zpracování o Attilovi. Bude se jednat o americko-litevský film Attila z roku 2001 a francouzsko-italský film Attila z roku 1954. Zaměřím se na hlavní postavy obou filmů, a to na hunského krále Attilu a západořímského
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