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Hadrian and the Greek East
HADRIAN AND THE GREEK EAST: IMPERIAL POLICY AND COMMUNICATION DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Demetrios Kritsotakis, B.A, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2008 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Fritz Graf, Adviser Professor Tom Hawkins ____________________________ Professor Anthony Kaldellis Adviser Greek and Latin Graduate Program Copyright by Demetrios Kritsotakis 2008 ABSTRACT The Roman Emperor Hadrian pursued a policy of unification of the vast Empire. After his accession, he abandoned the expansionist policy of his predecessor Trajan and focused on securing the frontiers of the empire and on maintaining its stability. Of the utmost importance was the further integration and participation in his program of the peoples of the Greek East, especially of the Greek mainland and Asia Minor. Hadrian now invited them to become active members of the empire. By his lengthy travels and benefactions to the people of the region and by the creation of the Panhellenion, Hadrian attempted to create a second center of the Empire. Rome, in the West, was the first center; now a second one, in the East, would draw together the Greek people on both sides of the Aegean Sea. Thus he could accelerate the unification of the empire by focusing on its two most important elements, Romans and Greeks. Hadrian channeled his intentions in a number of ways, including the use of specific iconographical types on the coinage of his reign and religious language and themes in his interactions with the Greeks. In both cases it becomes evident that the Greeks not only understood his messages, but they also reacted in a positive way. -
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier
This page intentionally left blank Byzantium’s Balkan Frontier is the first narrative history in English of the northern Balkans in the tenth to twelfth centuries. Where pre- vious histories have been concerned principally with the medieval history of distinct and autonomous Balkan nations, this study regards Byzantine political authority as a unifying factor in the various lands which formed the empire’s frontier in the north and west. It takes as its central concern Byzantine relations with all Slavic and non-Slavic peoples – including the Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians and Hungarians – in and beyond the Balkan Peninsula, and explores in detail imperial responses, first to the migrations of nomadic peoples, and subsequently to the expansion of Latin Christendom. It also examines the changing conception of the frontier in Byzantine thought and literature through the middle Byzantine period. is British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, Keble College, Oxford BYZANTIUM’S BALKAN FRONTIER A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, – PAUL STEPHENSON British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow Keble College, Oxford The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcón 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org © Paul Stephenson 2004 First published in printed format 2000 ISBN 0-511-03402-4 eBook (Adobe Reader) ISBN 0-521-77017-3 hardback Contents List ofmaps and figurespagevi Prefacevii A note on citation and transliterationix List ofabbreviationsxi Introduction .Bulgaria and beyond:the Northern Balkans (c.–) .The Byzantine occupation ofBulgaria (–) .Northern nomads (–) .Southern Slavs (–) .The rise ofthe west,I:Normans and Crusaders (–) . -
The Villas of the Eastern Adriatic and Ionian Coastlands
Chapter 17 The villas of the eastern Adriatic and Ionian coastlands William Bowden (University of Nottingham) Introduction The eastern coasts of the Adriatic and Ionian seas – the regions of Istria, Dalmatia and Epirus – saw early political and military intervention from Rome, ostensibly to combat Illyrian piracy but also to participate in the internecine struggles between Macedonia and its neighbors, sometimes at the request of one or other of the protagonists. Istria fell to Rome in 177 BCE and was ultimately incorporated into regio X (Venetia et Histria) of Italia by Augustus in 7 BCE. After 168 BCE, much of the coast to the south was effectively under Roman control, with merchant shipping able to operate under Roman protection.1 The Illyrian tribes, however, notably the Delmatae, continued to exist in periodic conflict with Rome until they were finally subdued by Octavian (who later took the name of Augustus) from 35-33 BCE. Further to the south, many of the tribes of Epirus sided with the Macedonians against Rome in the Third Macedonian War, consequently suffering significant reprisals at the hands of Aemilius Paullus in the aftermath in 167 BCE. Epirus was formally incorporated within the Roman province of Macedonia after 146 BCE. The founding of Roman colonies in Epirus (at Butrint, Photike, Dyrrhachium, and Byllis), Dalmatia (at Iader, Narona, Salona, Aequum, possibly Senia, and Epidaurum), and Istria (at Tergeste, Parentium, and Pula) is likely to have had a decisive effect on land-holding patterns because land was redistributed -
The End of Local Magistrates in the Roman Empire
The end of local magistrates in the Roman Empire Leonard A. CURCHIN University of Waterloo, Canadá [email protected] Recibido: 15 de julio de 2013 Aceptado: 10 de diciembre de 2013 ABSTRACT Previous studies of the status of local magistrates in the Late Empire are unsatisfying and fail to explain when and why local magistracies ended. With the aid of legal, epigraphic, papyrological and literary sources, the author re-examines the functions and chronology of both regular and quasi-magistrates, among them the curator, defensor and pater civitatis. He finds that the expense of office-holding was only part of the reason for the extinction of regular magistracies. More critical was the failure of local magistrates to control finances and protect the plebeians. Key words: Cursus honorum. Late Roman Empire. Roman administration. Roman cities. Roman gov- ernment. Roman magistrates. El fin de los magistrados locales en el Imperio romano RESUMEN Los estudios previos relativos a la condición de los magistrados locales durante el Bajo Imperio son poco satisfactorios, porque dejan sin aclarar cuándo y cómo se extinguieron las magistraturas locales. Con ayuda de fuentes jurídicas, epigráficas, papirológicas y literarias, el autor examina de nuevo las funciones y la cronología de magistrados regulares y cuasi-magistrados, como el curator, el defensor y el pater civitatis. Se considera que los gastos aparejados a los cargos públicos explican sólo en parte la extinción de las magistraturas regulares; más crucial fue, en este sentido, el hecho de que los magistra- dos locales de este período fallasen a la hora de restringir los gastos o de proteger a los plebeyos. -
A List of D1ta11kta George Huxley
A List of "aplekta" [Greek] Huxley, George Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Spring 1975; 16, 1; ProQuest pg. 87 A List of d1tA11Kta George Huxley HE ONLY complete manuscript of the De Ceremoniis of Con Tstantine Porphyrogenitus, the Lipsiensis of saec. XII,1 in dudes, ff.l-21 recto, three texts which do not belong to the ceremonial treatise, although Reiske oddly entitled them Appendix ad librum primum. 2 All three texts are closely related in subject matter. The first is {m60enc TWV {Jaet>..tKWV Tafet8lwv Kat {nrop.VTJCLC Twv a1T>..orJKTWV (pp.444-45 ed. Bonn). The second is bca 8et 1Tapacf>v>..&TTELV {JaoA.lwc p.l>..A.ovToc TafEtSevew (pp.445-54). The third, &a Set ylvecOat, TOV p.ey&>..ov Kat vt/J'fJ>I.Ov flact>..lwc TWV •pw/Latwv iJ-tAAoVTOC q,occaTEVCat (pp.455-508), is a treatise dedicated to Romanos, the emperor's son. The three texts together form material assembled for a treatise, which Bury entitled '17'Ept Twv {JactAtKwv TafetSlwv; he suggested that the first and second sections had been prepared for incorporation in the third. They were, however, not incorporated, but, Bury further suggested, the redactor who is responsible for the form in which the De Ceremoniis has come down had found all three pieces in physical juxtaposition.3 Here I am concerned only with the text of the first of the three pieces, the list of a'1TATJKTa (a'1TAtKTa< applicatus), 'etapes' or 'stations', at which the emperor halts on his way through Asia Minor. Since the • list provides valuable evidence for East Roman military organisation in Asia Minor, it is important that historical conclusions should not be drawn from a defective text. -
Armenia and the Pontus
A r me n ia an d t he p on t u s BY E I R AM ARC D . S The Stat e of A rm e nia that is to be crea ted by th e Peace Co nference wi ll nat ura lly i nclude wi t hi nit s co n fi nes th e dis nd— l A t riet of Trebiz o the B lack Sea litt ora of rmenia . Ther e d in n n l i s t o be foun this regio a co siderab e Greek populat ion . V n l n . d l M r e iz e os , in the mem ora um on the t erri toria claims w S u d of Greece , hich he bmit te t o the Peace Conferenc e , advoca t ed that said district be incl uded in the pr opose d A — A n S tat e of Armenia . Greek rmenian com mi ssi o which held it s sessio ns in Pa ris has already agre ed upon a p lan which will insure the Greeks of Trebi zond full cu lt ural n \V e t n n and aut o om y . rej oice tha Arme ia Gre ek l eaders have thus laid t he foundation of an Arme no - Greek rap roch ement ld n and n p , which shou devel op i t o a clos e e during n friendshi p between the two ki dr ed races . Thi s paper has two purposes " (a ) To examine and det er t h e n and mine geographical , e th ographical , his torical eco nomic st atus of Po ntus and (b ) t o show tha t Pontus is an A n i nt egral part of rme ia . -
Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831
Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450 General Editor Florin Curta VOLUME 16 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/ecee Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 By Panos Sophoulis LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: Scylitzes Matritensis fol. 11r. With kind permission of the Bulgarian Historical Heritage Foundation, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Brill has made all reasonable efforts to trace all rights holders to any copyrighted material used in this work. In cases where these efforts have not been successful the publisher welcomes communications from copyright holders, so that the appropriate acknowledgements can be made in future editions, and to settle other permission matters. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sophoulis, Pananos, 1974– Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775–831 / by Panos Sophoulis. p. cm. — (East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450, ISSN 1872-8103 ; v. 16.) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-20695-3 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Byzantine Empire—Relations—Bulgaria. 2. Bulgaria—Relations—Byzantine Empire. 3. Byzantine Empire—Foreign relations—527–1081. 4. Bulgaria—History—To 1393. I. Title. DF547.B9S67 2011 327.495049909’021—dc23 2011029157 ISSN 1872-8103 ISBN 978 90 04 20695 3 Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. -
Co-Operation Between the Viking Rus' and the Turkic Nomads of The
Csete Katona Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries MA Thesis in Medieval Studies Central European University Budapest May 2018 CEU eTD Collection Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ Chair, Examination Committee ____________________________________________ Thesis Supervisor ____________________________________________ Examiner ____________________________________________ Examiner CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Reader CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 Co-operation between the Viking Rus’ and the Turkic nomads of the steppe in the ninth-eleventh centuries by Csete Katona (Hungary) Thesis submitted to the Department of Medieval Studies, Central European University, Budapest, in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts degree in Medieval Studies. Accepted in conformance with the standards of the CEU. ____________________________________________ External Supervisor CEU eTD Collection Budapest May 2018 I, the undersigned, Csete Katona, candidate for the MA degree in Medieval Studies, declare herewith that the present thesis is exclusively my own work, based on my research and only such external information as properly credited in notes and bibliography. -
Bulletin 3 – 2005
Volume 3, 2005 The Australian Archaeological Institute at Athens BULLETIN Volume 3, 2005 The AAIA Bulletin Table of Contents Letter from the Director 2 Letter from the Director ACTIVITIES IN GREECE Deputy Director’s Report from Athens 4 Dear Members and Friends of the Institute, Museums and Exhibitions in Greece 5 The 25th Anniversary Symposium 7 I am very glad that I can report in this issue of the Bulletin on two FeatuRE ARTICLES important occurrences during the past few months that have affected The Byzantine Castle at Torone the AAIA very favourably. by Pamela Armstrong 9 Roman Theatres in a Greek World by Frank Sear 16 As it was announced in the 2004 AAIA Bulletin the symposium to Ten Years of Archaeological Research at celebrate the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the Institute took Xobourgo (Island of Tenos in the Cyclades) place in Athens between October 0 and 3 2005. It was launched by the by Nota Kourou 23 Governor of New South Wales, her Excellency Professor Marie Bashir, ACTIVITIES IN AUSTRALIA AC, and the key-note lecture was given in the “Aula” of the Athens Relocation of the Institute’s Headquarters 30 Significant Donations 31 Archaeological Society by the Arthur and Renée George Professor of The Institutional and Corporate Members, Classical Archaeology of the University of Sydney, Professor Margaret and Governors of the AAIA 32 Miller. The Visiting Professorship 2005 33 REPORTS FROM THE “FRIENDS” On the Australian side the opening session was attended by the The Sydney Friends 34 Ambassador, H.E. Mr. Paul Tighe, by the president of the Institute and The Tasmanian Friends 35 Chancellor of the University of Sydney, the Hon. -
Islamicizing Motifs in Byzantine Lead Seals: Exoticizing Style and the Expression of Identity Alicia Walker Bryn Mawr College, [email protected]
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College History of Art Faculty Research and Scholarship History of Art 2012 Islamicizing Motifs in Byzantine Lead Seals: Exoticizing Style and the Expression of Identity Alicia Walker Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs Custom Citation Alicia Walker, "Islamicizing Motifs in Byzantine Lead Seals: Exoticizing Style and the Expression of Identity," Medieval History Journal 15.2 (2012): 381-408. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs/61 For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Medieval History Journal http://mhj.sagepub.com/ Islamicising Motifs in Byzantine Lead Seals: Exoticising Style and the Expression of Identity Alicia Walker The Medieval History Journal 2012 15: 385 DOI: 10.1177/097194581201500207 The online version of this article can be found at: http://mhj.sagepub.com/content/15/2/385 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for The Medieval History Journal can be found at: Email Alerts: http://mhj.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://mhj.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://mhj.sagepub.com/content/15/2/385.refs.html >> Version of Record - Mar 20, 2013 What is This? Downloaded from mhj.sagepub.com at BRYN MAWR COLLEGE on April 15, 2013 Islamicising Motifs in Byzantine Lead Seals: Exoticising Style and the Expression of Identity Alicia Walker* Among a relatively small number of ninth- to eleventh-century Byzantine lead seals with animal motifs, scholars have long recognised that some show Islamicising stylistic and iconographic features. -
Investigations Into Germanic Mythology, Volume 1 by Viktor Rydberg
Undersökningar i Germanisk Mytologi, första delen. Investigations into Germanic Mythology, Volume 1 by Viktor Rydberg I. The Myth of the Primeval Age and Migrations I. INTRODUCTION. A. THE PROTO- INDO-EUROPEANS. 1. THE USE OF THE WORDS GERMAN AND GERMANIC. The nation divided into many tribes whose main bulk inhabited the extensive territory east of the Rhine river and north of the wooded Hercynian Mountains were already called Germans by the Romans and Gauls at the beginning of our era. That these tribes constituted a single nation was obvious to the Romans by the conspicuous similarity they all had in physical type, as well as, upon closer acquaintance, by their similar dialects, which evidently were variations of one and the same peculiar language and finally, by their similar customs, traditions, and religion. The characteristics of the Germanic physical type by Roman standards were a tall stature, blonde hair, blue eyes, and a light complexion. Even the authorities from whom the Roman historian Tacitus collected his information when he wrote his Germania — an invaluable work in regard to the history of culture— knew that in the so-called Suebian Sea, north of the Germanic continent, lay another important part of Germania, inhabited by Sviones, a people divided into several communities, which their kinsmen on the continent described as rich in weapons and fleets, and in warriors on land and sea (Tacitus, Germania 44). This northern sea- enclosed portion of Germania is called Scandinavia, Scandia, by other authors of the Roman Empire; and there can be no doubt that thereby was intended the peninsula which, as far back as historical memory extends, has been inhabited by the ancestors of the Swedes and the Norwegians. -
ORBIS LATINUS Online Dr
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I and J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z contents | previous | next A Aara, s. Abrinca 2. Aarhusium, Arusium, Arhusia, Remorum domus, Aarhuus, St., Dänemark (Jütland). Aarhusum, Ahaus, St., Preußen (Westfalen). Aarimous, s. Aurimontium. Aasona, s. Ausa nova [sic -- no such entry]. Aaziacum s. Aciacum. Abacaenum, Tripi, St., Sizilien. Abacantus, Abancay, Fl. u. St., Peru (Südamer.). Abacella, s. Abbatis cella. Abacum, Abuzanum, Abodiacum, Abudiacum, Abbach, Mfl., Bayern (Niederb.). Aballaba, Aballava, eh. Oschf. b. Papcastle, D., England (Cumberland). Aballo, Aballum, Avalo, Avallon, St., Frankr. (Yonne). Aballum, s. Aballo. Abantonium, Albantonium Aubanton, St., Frankr. (Aisne). Abasci, Abassabad, St., Rußand (Kaukasien). Abatereni, s. Obotriti. Abavyvariensis comitatus, d. Komitat v. Abauj-Toma, Ungarn. Abbatia, s. die Beinamen. Abbaticovilla, s. Abbatis villa. Abbatis burgus, Bourg d'Abbé, D., Frankr. (Loiret). Abbatis cella od. zella, Abbacella, Appacella, Appencellense od. Appolitanense monst., Appenzell, St., Schweiz. Abbatis pons, Pont d'Abbé, St., Frankr. (Finistere). Abbatis villa, Abbavilla, Abbaticovilla, 1. Abbeville, St., Frankr. (Somme). ---2. Abbans, D., Frankr. (Doubs). Abbavilla, s. Abbatis villa. Abbefortia, Abbotsford, Schl., Schottland. Abbenhulis, Appelhülsen, D., Preuß. (Westfalen). Abbentonia, Abintonia, Abindonia, Abingdon, St., England (Berks). Abbenwilare, Appenweier, Mfl., Baden (Offenburg). Abcudia, Abcoude, St., Niederlande. (Utrecht). Abdara,Abdera, Abdra, Adra, St., Spanien (Andalusien). Abdera, s. Abdara. Abdiacum, s. Fauces 1. Abdra, s. Abdara. Abdriti, s. Obotriti. Abdua, Addua, Adus, Adda, Nfl. d. Po, Italien (Lombardei). Abella, Abellae, Avella, St., Italien (Avellino). Abellinum, Avellino, St., Italien (Avellino). Abellinum, Marsicum, Marsico Vetere, St., Italien (Potenza). Abenda, s. Powundia. Abensperga, Aventinum, Castrum Rauracense, Abusina, Arusena, Abensberg, St., Bayern (Niederb.).