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5G: the Future of Iot Takes a Look at the Market Drivers, Trends and Cellular Technology Solutions That Will Create Our Connected Future

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5G: the Future of Iot Takes a Look at the Market Drivers, Trends and Cellular Technology Solutions That Will Create Our Connected Future CONTENTS Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 4 2. IoT Market Overview ................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1 5G and IoT Market Growth ................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 Market Drivers ................................................................................................................................... 11 2.2.1 Expanded Internet Connectivity .............................................................................................. 12 2.2.2 High Mobile Adoption .............................................................................................................. 14 2.2.3 Low Cost Sensors ................................................................................................................... 15 2.2.4 Large IoT Investments ............................................................................................................ 15 2.2.5 Global Application Trends and Use Cases ............................................................................. 17 2.2.6 3GPP Standards ..................................................................................................................... 18 2.2.7 Emerging New Mobile Broadband Technology ....................................................................... 19 2.2.8 Growing Importance of Automation and Big Data ................................................................... 21 2.2.9 Artifical Intelligence and Machine Learning ............................................................................ 21 2.2.10 Edge Computing and the Cloud .............................................................................................. 22 2.2.11 More Advanced Use Cases Across Vertical Domains............................................................ 23 2.2.12 Security Assurance ................................................................................................................ 25 2.2.13 IPv6 ........................................................................................................................................ 27 2.2.14 Open Source .......................................................................................................................... 28 2.3 Market Analysis for IoT ...................................................................................................................... 30 2.4 IoT Platforms ..................................................................................................................................... 32 2.5 Industrial IoT ...................................................................................................................................... 33 2.6 Smart Cities ....................................................................................................................................... 38 2.6.1 Artifical Intelligence and Machine Learning ............................................................................ 39 2.6.2 Smart Grids ............................................................................................................................. 40 2.7 Enterprise IoT .................................................................................................................................... 40 2.7.1 Enterprise IoT Benefits and Opportunities ................................................................................. 42 1 2.8 Consumer IoT .................................................................................................................................... 43 2.8.1 Smart Homes .......................................................................................................................... 45 2.8.2 Wearables ............................................................................................................................... 47 2.8.3 Connected Car ........................................................................................................................ 48 2.9 IoT Market Overview - Conclusion .................................................................................................... 50 3. IoT Requirements .................................................................................................................................... 50 3.1 3GPP Requirements .......................................................................................................................... 50 3.1.1 Release 16 .............................................................................................................................. 50 3.1.2 Release 17 .............................................................................................................................. 66 3.2 Vertical Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 67 3.2.1 Application Areas and Use Cases of Cyber-Physical Applications in Vertical Domains ........ 69 3.2.2 Security Requirements ........................................................................................................... 78 3.3 Evolution from 4G IoT........................................................................................................................ 81 4. 5G IoT Solutions ..................................................................................................................................... 83 4.1 5G Architecture .................................................................................................................................. 83 4.1.1 Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication (URLLC) .................................................... 83 4.1.2 Integration of 5G with IEEE Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) technology ............................ 86 4.1.3 Flexible Deployment Models for Non-Public Networks ........................................................... 90 4.1.4 3GPP IoT Protocols ................................................................................................................ 90 4.2 Spectrum Options for Licensed, Unlicensed and Shared Bands ...................................................... 92 4.2.1 Licensed Spectrum ................................................................................................................. 92 4.2.2 Unlicensed Spectrum .............................................................................................................. 94 4.2.3 Shared Spectrum .................................................................................................................... 95 4.2.4 Choice of Frequency Bands for IOT Applications ................................................................... 97 4.3 New Radio Enhancements for Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications ........................... 98 4.3.1 Flexible NR Framework .......................................................................................................... 98 4.3.2 Non-Slot Based Scheduling (Mini-Slot Scheduling) ............................................................... 99 4.3.3 Semi-Persistant Scheduling for DL Transmission ................................................................ 101 2 4.3.4 UL Grant Free Transmission ................................................................................................ 102 4.3.5 Multiplexing of URLLC and eMBB ........................................................................................ 104 4.3.6 Enhancements of PDCCH .................................................................................................... 105 4.3.7 Enhancements of HARQ Feedback ...................................................................................... 107 4.3.8 Support of Separate CQI and MCS Tables for URLLC ........................................................ 109 4.4 NB-IOT and eMTC Enhancement ................................................................................................... 111 5. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................ 113 Appendix ................................................................................................................................................... 114 Appendix A. Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 114 Appendix B. List of Referenced 5G Americas Whitepapers .................................................................. 120 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................... 121 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5G: The Future of IoT takes a look at the market drivers, trends and cellular technology solutions that will create our connected future. Market drivers provide added value through connectivity of all “things” ranging from street lighting to home appliances to industrial robotics. Providing connectivity to things has become easier with improvements in the economics of end devices,
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