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2017 STATISTICAL HANDBOOK The MIMAROPA Women and Men 2017 Publication was compiled and consolidated by the Philippine Statistics Authority Regional Statistical Services Office (RSSO) MIMAROPA. For technical inquiries, please contact us at (6343) 286-7491.

TERMS OF USE OF PSA RSSO MIMAROPA PUBLICATIONS

The PSA RSSO MIMAROPA reserves its exclusive right to reproduce all its publications in whatever form. Any part of this publication should not be reproduced, recopied, lent or repackaged for other parties for any commercial purposes without written permission from the PSA RSSO MIMAROPA. Any part of this publication may only be reproduced for internal use of the recipient/customer company. Should any portion of the data in this publication included in a report/ article, the title of the publication and the PSA RSSO MIMAROPA should be cited as the source of the data. Any information derived from the processing of data contained in this publication will not be the responsibility of PSA RSSO MIMAROPA.

Published every year by the Philippine Statistics Authority Regional Statistical Services Office MIMAROPA 2/F Emerald Bldg., J. P. Rizal Street, Camilmil, Calapan City 5200 Oriental Mindoro, Philippines

ISSN:

October 2018 FOREWORD

The 2017 Statistical Handbook on Women and Men in st MIMAROPA, 1 Edition, presents the latest available gender statistics through tables and charts with short explanatory texts and brief analyses highlighting important features of the data. Data for provinces and cities are also provided whenever possible. The PSA Regional Statistical Service Office MIMAROPA hopes that this publication will be a tool of government planners and policy makers in the development of gender-related commitments of our country.

This publication contains latest available gender statistics under the following chapters, namely: (1) Population and Families, (2) Work, (3) Agriculture, (4) Education, (5) Health, (6) Social Welfare, (7) Public Life, (8) Peace and Human Rights, (9) Violence Against Women and Children, (10) Environment and (11) Migration.

W e acknowledge the generous support of our data sources in providing data for this publication and we look forward to comments and suggestions from users on how we can further improve the quality and usefulness of this publication.

LENI R. RIOFLORIDO Regional Director

iii TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword iii Table of Contents v Introduction ix Standards Symbols Used x

Priority Sectors on Gender Concerns

Chapter 1 Population and Families 1

Chapter 2 Work 28

Chapter 3 Agriculture 49

Chapter 4 Education 60

Chapter 5 Health 81

Chapter 6 Social Welfare 93

Chapter 7 Public Life 99

Chapter 8 Peace and Human Rights 107

Chapter 9 Violence Against Women and Children 118

Chapter 10 Environment 125

Chapter 11 Migration 133

Annexes Glossary of Terms 145 List of Philippine Laws in Support of women's Welfare and Rights 150 List of Data Sources 154 The Philippine Statistics Authority 155

iv INTRODUCTION

Gender statistics are indispensable in planning, decision - making and monitoring of Gender and Development (GAD) programs and projects at the subnational level.

This handbook is the first edition prepared for MIMAROPA. It presents the latest available gender statistics through tables and charts with short explanatory texts and brief analyses highlighting important features of the data. It also incorporates the updates on population based on 2015 Census of Population.

This publication contains latest available gender statistics under the following chapters, namely: (1) Population and Families, (2) Work, (3) Agriculture, (4) Education, (5) Health, (6) Social Welfare, (7) Public Life, (8) Peace and Human Rights, (9) Violence Against Women and Children, (10) Environment and (11) Migration.

Each chapter contains gender statistics presented in tables and graphs. This handbook also includes a Glossary of Terms and List of Philippine Laws in Support of W omen’s Welfare and Rights.

The data sources of this publication are the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) MIMAROPA, Civil Service Commission (CSC) MIMAROPA, Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) MIMAROPA, Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) MIMAROPA, Department of Agriculture (DA) MIMAROPA, Department of Education (DepEd) MIMAROPA, Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) MIMAROPA, DOH Center for Health Development (DOH-CHO) MIMAROPA, Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) MIMAROPA, Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) MIMAROPA, Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) MIMAROPA, Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) MIMAROPA, Environmental Management Bureau (EMB) MIMAROPA and Central Office, Philippine National Police (PNP) MIMAROPA, Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), Prosecution’s Office MIMAROPA, Public Attorney’s Office (PAO) MIMAROPA, Supreme Court (SC), Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) MIMAROPA.

v STANDARD SYMBOLS USED

Symbol Meaning

SY School Year ... Data not Available .. Not Applicable - Nil or zero * Less than 500

vi 1

PPEACEOPULA T ANDION AND FHUMANAMILIE S RIGHTS

Population dynamics influence to a great extent the role of women in society. Women are the childbearers and carers of the home. A rapidly growing population and the increasing demand to control it puts pressure on women struggling to balance family, household and economic activities. This contributes to their multiple burdens as they are confined to traditional roles they have in society. In this regard, gender statistics on population and families serve as key indicators on which leaders, planners and policy makers of both the government and private sectors can base standards and policies in addressing social needs that definitely include gender concerns.

This chapter presents regional and/or provincial data on population by age group, sex ratio, marital status, median age at first marriage, average number of children ever born among married women and age dependency ratio. Data were obtained from the results of 2015 Census of Population and 2010 Census-Based Population Projections; and 2003, 2008 and 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey of the Philippine Statistics Authority. Data on gender development index and gender equality ratio were also included. 2

CHAPTER 1: POPULATION AND FAMILIES

List of Tables

Table 1.1 Projected Population and Sex Ratio by Province, 5 MIMAROPA: 2020 and 2015 (Medium Assumptions)

Table 1.2 Household Population and Sex Ratio by Age Group, 6 MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.3 Household Population 10 Years and Over by Sex and 7 Marital Status, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.4 Number of Families and Family Income by Income Class, 9 Sex and Age of the Family Head, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.5 Household Population (Youth) Aged 15-24 by Sex, Age Group 13 and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.6 Number of Household by Sex of Household Head by Province 14 MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.7 Household Population (Senior Citizens) by Sex, Age Group 16 and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 1.8 Number of Institutional Living Quarters and Their Resident 18 Population by Sex and Region: 2015

Table 1.9 Gender Development Index by Component and Province, 20 MIMAROPA: 2003 and 2000

Table 1.10 Gender Equality Ratio by Component and Province, 21 MIMAROPA: 2003 and 2000

Table 1.11 Number of Live Births by Sex, Place of Occurrence and Usual 22 Residence of Mother (Region), Philippines: 2016

Table 1.12 Number of Live Births by Sex, Place of Occurrence and Usual 23 Residence of Mother (Region), Philippines: 2015 3

Table 1.13 Number and Percent Distribution of Deaths by Sex and 24 Usual Residence, Philippines: 2016

Table 1.14 Number and Percent Distribution of Deaths by Sex and 25 Usual Residence, Philippines: 2015

Table 1.15 Number and Percent Distribution of Infant Deaths by Usual 26 Residence and Sex, Philippines: 2016

Table 1.16 Number and Percent Distribution of Infant Deaths by Usual 27 Residence and Sex, Philippines: 2015

List of Figures

Figure 1.1 Population Pyramid, MIMAROPA: 2015 4

Figure 1.2 Median Age at First Marriage Among Women 25 to 49 11 Years Old MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

Figure 1.3 Average Number of Children Ever Born to Women Age 15 12 to 49 Years, MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

Figure 1.4 Distribution of Household Household by Sex of Household 15 Head by Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Figure 1.5 Household Population (Senior Citizens) by Sex, Age 17 Group and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Figure 1.6 Number of Institutional Living Quarters and Their Resident 19 Population by Sex and Region: 2015 4 Population and Families

Age Under 5 5-9 FIGURE 1.1 Population Pyramid, MIMAROPA: 2015 10-14 15-19 80+ Women Men 20-24 75-79 25-29 70-74 30-34 65-69 35-39 60-64 40-44 55-59 45-49 50-54 50-54 45-49 55-59 40-44 60-64 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 Under 5 15 10 5 0 5 10 15

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

In 2015, the region's population was relatively young as shown by the broad-based population pyramid. Population and Families 5

TABLE 1.1 Projected Population and Sex Ratio by Province, MIMAROPA: 2020 and 2015 (Medium Assumptions) 2020 Sex PROVINCE Women Men No. % No. % Ratio

MIMAROPA 1,663,100 48.8 1,746,900 51.2 105

Marinduque 134,400 49.2 138,700 50.8 103 Occidental Mindoro 273,800 48.3 292,500 51.7 107 Oriental Mindoro 477,900 49.2 494,300 50.8 103 Palawan 607,800 48.5 645,400 51.5 106 Romblon 169,200 49.0 176,000 51.0 104 Continued

Table 1.1 - Continued 2025 Sex PROVINCE Women Men No. % No. % Ratio

MIMAROPA 1,821,300 48.9 1,906,100 51.1 105

Marinduque 146,200 49.3 150,500 50.7 103 Occidental Mindoro 299,200 48.4 318,500 51.7 107 Oriental Mindoro 522,300 49.2 539,000 50.8 104 Palawan 669,100 48.7 706,000 51.3 107 Romblon 184,500 49.0 192,100 51.0 103 Continued

Table 1.1 - Concluded 2030 Sex PROVINCE Women Male No. % No. % Ratio

MIMAROPA 1,972,100 48.9 2,059,800 51.1 104

Marinduque 157,400 49.2 162,400 50.8 103 Occidental Mindoro 323,200 48.5 343,300 51.5 106 Oriental Mindoro 565,200 49.3 582,300 50.7 103 Palawan 726,300 48.7 764,000 51.3 105 Romblon 200,000 49.0 207,800 51.0 104 Source: Phiippine Statistics Authority, 2010 Census-Based Population Projections National, Regional and Provincial Population Projections

By 2020, the region's total population will reach 3.4 millon, of which there were more men with 51.2 percent than women with 48.8 percent of the total population. 6 Population and Families

TABLE 1.2 Household Population and Sex Ratio by Age Group, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men Age Group Sex Ratio No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,440,578 100.0 1,505,927 100.0 105

Under 1 32,067 2.2 34,287 2.3 107 1-4 135,313 9.4 144,470 9.6 107 5-9 170,588 11.8 182,888 12.1 107 10-14 166,213 11.5 177,455 11.8 107 15-19 150,704 10.5 161,171 10.7 107 20-24 124,778 8.7 130,899 8.7 105 25-29 106,054 7.4 109,413 7.3 103 30-34 95,332 6.6 100,303 6.7 105 35-39 86,842 6.0 93,995 6.2 108 40-44 76,877 5.3 83,554 5.5 109 45-49 69,367 4.8 74,367 4.9 107 50-54 58,919 4.1 63,433 4.2 108 55-59 49,629 3.4 51,111 3.4 103 60-64 38,462 2.7 38,016 2.5 99 65-69 28,796 2.0 25,789 1.7 90 70-74 20,351 1.4 16,306 1.1 80 75-79 15,305 1.1 10,348 0.7 68 80 years and over 14,981 1.0 8,122 0.5 54

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

Of the 2,946,505 household population in 2015, men accounted for 51.1 percent while women comprised 48.9 percent. These figures resulted in a sex ratio of 105 men for every 100 women.

Based on the 2015 census counts, women gain dominating over men starting age group 60 years old and over. Population and Families 7

TABLE 1.3 Household Population 10 Years and Over by Sex and Marital Status, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men Province/Marital Status No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,102,610 1 00.0 1,144,282 100.0 Single 420,270 3 8.1 529,217 4 6.2 Married 489,144 4 4.4 482,758 4 2.2 Widowed 77,670 7.0 24,257 2.1 Divorced/Separated 15,529 1.4 2 121,8267 1.0 Common-Law/Live-in 99,823 9.1 96,081 8.4 Unknown 174 0.0 102 0.0

Marinduque 91,284 1 00.0 90,751 100.0 Single 33,945 3 7.2 42,310 4 6.6 Married 40,602 4 4.5 38,655 4 2.6 Widowed 8 ,154 8.9 2,236 2.5 Divorced/Separated 1 ,208 1.3 882 1.0 Common-Law/Live-in 7 ,375 8.1 6,613 7.3 Unknown - - 55 0 .06

Occidental Mindoro 175,832 1 00.0 186,748 100.0 Single 63,730 3 6.2 83,332 4 4.6 Married 80,552 4 5.8 80,262 4 3.0 Widowed 11,793 6.7 4,212 2.3 Divorced/Separated 2 ,424 1.4 2,047 1.1 Common-Law/Live-in 17,281 9.8 16,853 9.0 Unknown 52 0.0 42 0.0

Oriental Mindoro 319,659 1 00.0 325,010 100.0 Single 121,462 3 8.0 148,864 4 5.8 Married 140,730 4 4.0 138,769 4 2.7 Widowed 24,289 7.6 6,557 2.0 Divorced/Separated 5 ,331 1.7 3,892 1.2 Common-Law/Live-in 27,846 8.7 26,928 8.3 Unknown 1 3.1 - - Continued 8 Population and Families

Table 1.3 - Concluded

Women Men Province/Marital Status No. % No. %

Palawan 403,528 1 00.0 429,085 100.0 Single 157,278 3 9.0 199,930 4 6.6 Married 181,685 4 5.0 180,696 4 2.1 Widowed 22,823 5.7 8,672 2.0 Divorced/Separated 5 ,233 1.3 3,993 0.9 Common-Law/Live-in 36,390 9.0 35,791 8.3 Unknown 119 0.0 3 7.0

Romblon 112,307 1 00.0 112,688 100.0 Single 43,855 3 9.0 54,781 4 8.6 Married 45,575 4 0.6 44,376 3 9.4 Widowed 10,611 9.4 2,580 2.3 Divorced/Separated 1 ,333 1.2 1,053 0.9 Common-Law/Live-in 10,931 9.7 9,896 8.8 Unknown 2 0.0 2 0.0

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

Of the household population 10 years and over in 2015, there were more single men (46.2 percent) than women (38.1 percent) in the region. Meanwhile, women outnumbered men among married, widowed, and other marital arrangement. Population and Families 9

TABLE 1.4 Number of Families and Family Income by Income Class, by Sex and Age of the Family Head, MIMAROPA: 2015

Under 40,000 40,000 - 59,999 Number of Sex Total Income Families Income Families Income Families Age of the Family Head Reporting Reported Reporting Reported (In thousands) (In million Php) (In thousands) (In million Php) (In thousands) (In million Php)

IVB - MIMAROPA 697 17 567 40 2,086 Below 25 16 154,612 0 16 2 87 25 - 34 71 1,844 2 64 5 232 35 - 44 151 10,411 1 22 2 106 45 - 54 171 33,587 1 39 2 119 55 - 64 154 40,597 2 75 8 423 65 and over 134 41,880 11 351 22 1,120 26,294 Men 547 121,819 9 324 24 1,255 Below 25 13 1,237 0 16 2 87 25 - 34 63 8,707 2 64 5 232 35 - 44 136 27,474 1 22 2 106 45 - 54 138 32,133 1 39 2 87 55 - 64 118 34,300 2 58 5 266 65 and over 80 17,968 4 124 9 476

Women 150 32,792 7 243 16 832 Below 25 3 606 - - - - 25 - 34 8 1,704 - - - - 35 - 44 16 6,113 - - - - 45 - 54 33 8,464 - - 1 32 55 - 64 36 7,580 1 17 3 156 65 and over 55 8,326 7 227 13 644 Continued 10 Population and Families

Table 1.4 - Concluded 60,000 - 99,999 100,000 - 249,999 250,000 and over Sex Families Income Families Income Families Income Age of the Family Head Reporting Reported Reporting Reported Reporting Reported (In thousands) (In million Php) (In thousands) (In million Php) (In thousands) (In million Php)

IVB - MIMAROPA 141 11,431 333 51,326 166 89,201 Below 25 6 478 6 942 1 321 25 - 34 21 1,725 35 5,331 9 3,059 35 - 44 27 2,244 88 13,384 34 17,830 45 - 54 28 2,227 92 14,305 48 23,908 55 - 64 31 2,563 66 10,512 46 28,307 65 and over 28 2,193 45 6,853 29 15,777

Men 110 8,991 278 42,942 125 68,307 Below 25 6 425 5 709 - - 25 - 34 19 1,566 30 4,480 7 2,36 35 - 44 25 2,131 81 12,222 27 12,9935 45 - 54 20 1,624 80 12,569 35 17,813 55 - 64 21 1,740 53 8,519 37 23,716 65 and over 19 1,505 29 4,443 19 11,420

Women 31 2,440 54 8,384 42 20,894 Below 25 1 53 2 232 1 321 25 - 34 2 159 5 851 2 694 35 - 44 2 114 8 1,162 7 4,837 45 - 54 8 603 11 1,736 13 6,095 55 - 64 10 822 13 1,993 9 4,592 65 and over 9 689 16 2,410 10 4,356 Source: PSA, 2015 Family Income and Expenditure Survey

In 2015, the number of families who were headed by men accounted to 547 (in thousands). This was higher compared to women which was 150 (in thousands). Men also accounted a higher total income of 121, 819 (in millions) compared to women with 32, 792 (in millions). Population and Families 11

FIGURE 1.2 Median Age at First Marriage Among Women 25 to 49 Years Old, MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

21.0

20.5 20.3

20031 20082 20133

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2003, 2008 and 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

The median age at first marriage among women 25 to 49 years old decreased from 2003 to 2008. On the other hand, the median age at first marriage among women increased from 20.3 in 2008 to 20.5 in 2013. 12 Population and Families

FIGURE 1.3 Average Number of Children Ever Born to Women Age 15 to 49 Years, MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

5.0

4.0 4.0

20031 20082 20133

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2003, 2008 and 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS)

Total fertility rate or the average number of children ever born to women age 15 to 49 years showed a declining trend, from 5.0 in 2003 to around 4.0 children in 2013. Population and Families 13

TABLE 1.5 Household Population (Youth) Aged 15-24 by Sex, Age Group and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men Province/Age Group No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 275,482 48.5 292,070 51.5 15-19 150,704 48.3 161,171 51.7 20-24 124,778 48.8 130,899 51.2

Marinduque 19,241 47.1 21,575 52.9 15-19 11,335 46.7 12,955 53.3 20-24 7,906 47.8 8,620 52.2

Occidental Mindoro 43,294 48.2 46,580 51.8 15-19 23,558 48.1 25,374 51.9 20-24 19,736 48.2 21,206 51.8

Oriental Mindoro 77,971 48.7 82,273 51.3 15-19 42,247 48.4 45,075 51.6 20-24 35,724 49.0 37,198 51.0

Palawan 109,525 49.1 113,687 50.9 15-19 59,050 49.0 61,447 51.0 20-24 50,475 49.1 52,240 50.9

Romblon 25,451 47.7 27,955 52.3 15-19 14,514 47.1 16,320 52.9 20-24 10,937 48.5 11,635 51.5

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

In 2015, there were more men with 51.5 percent (292,070) than women with 48.5 percent (275,482) among the youth in the region. 14 Population and Families

TABLE 1.6 Number of Household by Sex of Household Head by Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Total Women Household Head Men Household Head Province Household Head No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 682,668 109,103 16.0 573,665 84.0

Marinduque 54,508 11,283 20.7 43,225 79.3 Occidental Mindoro 111,714 14,920 13.4 96,794 86.6 Oriental Mindoro 160,029 26,294 16.4 133,735 83.6 Palawan 195,074 22,820 11.7 172,254 88.3 Romblon 68,362 14,403 21.1 53,959 78.9

Calapan City 30,734 6,645 21.6 24,089 78.4 Puerto Princesa 62,247 12,638 20.3 49,609 79.7 City

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

In 2015, there are 682,668 total household heads in MIMAROPA Region. Majority of the households are being headed by men which comprised 84.0 percent. Among the provinces, Palawan got the highest percentage of male household head that was 88.3 percent while Romblon recorded the highest female household head of 21.1 percent. Population and Families 15

FIGURE 1.4 Distribution of Household by Sex of Household Head by Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men

172,254

133,735

96,794

53,959 49,609 43,225 24,089 22,820 26,294 14,403 14,920 12,638 6,645 11,283

Puerto Calapan City Romblon Palawan Oriental Occidental Marinduque Princesa City Mindoro Mindoro

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

In 2015, there are 682,668 total household heads in MIMAROPA Region. 573,665 households are being headed by men while 109,103 households are headed by women. Among the provinces, Palawan got the highest number of male household head, 172,254, while Romblon recorded the highest female household head of 26,294. 16 Population and Families

TABLE 1.7 Household Population (Senior Citizens) by Sex, Age Group and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015 Women Men Province/Age Group No. % No. % MIMAROPA 117,895 54.5 98,581 45.5 60-64 38,462 50.3 38,016 49.7 65-69 28,796 52.8 25,789 47.2 70-74 20,351 55.5 16,306 44.5 75-79 15,305 59.7 10,348 40.3 80 and over 14,981 64.8 8,122 35.2 Marinduque 14,092 56.5 10,849 43.5 60-64 4,282 51.4 4,041 48.6 65-69 3,442 53.6 2,976 46.4 70-74 2,506 57.2 1,873 42.8 75-79 1,912 62.5 1,148 37.5 80 and over 1,950 70.6 811 29.4 Occidental Mindoro 17,311 53.4 15,080 46.6 60-64 5,844 50.1 5,816 49.9 65-69 4,374 52.1 4,026 47.9 70-74 2,876 54.4 2,406 45.6 75-79 2,162 57.6 1,592 42.4 80 and over 2,055 62.4 1,240 37.6 Oriental Mindoro 35,184 56.3 27,279 43.7 60-64 11,671 51.4 11,030 48.6 65-69 8,692 54.9 7,139 45.1 70-74 5,933 58.0 4,295 42.0 75-79 4,428 62.3 2,684 37.7 80 and over 4,460 67.7 2,131 32.3 Palawan 34,503 50.7 33,549 49.3 60-64 11,987 48.0 12,983 52.0 65-69 8,491 49.2 8,773 50.8 70-74 5,758 51.1 5,513 48.9 75-79 4,299 55.2 3,496 44.8 80 and over 3,968 58.8 2,784 41.2 Romblon 16,805 58.7 11,824 41.3 60-64 4,678 53.0 4,146 47.0 65-69 3,797 56.9 2,875 43.1 70-74 3,278 59.6 2,219 40.4 75-79 2,504 63.7 1,428 36.3 80 and over 2548 68.8 1156 31.2 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population Population and Families 17

FIGURE 1.5 Household Population (Senior Citizens) by Sex and Age Group, MIMAROPA: 2015

45 40 35 Women Men

30 s d 25 san u o

h 20 t

In 15 10 5 0 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80 & over

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

Women live longer than men. In 2015, more than half or 54.5 percent of the senior citizens in the region were women.

In all age groups of senior citizens, population of women were higher than men. 18 Population and Families

TABLE 1.8 Number of Institutional Living Quarters and Their Resident Population by Sex and Region, Philippines: 2015

Institutional Population Type of Institutional Population and Region Number of Institutions Both Sexes Men Women

PHILIPPINES Total 21,325 405,588 295,941 109,647 Hotels, lodging houses, dormitories, and 12,080 114,392 58,866 55,526 others Hospitals and nurses' homes 333 7,530 4,593 2,937 Welfare institutions 752 24,514 11,172 13,342 Corrective and penal institutions 548 148,270 136,068 12,202 Convents, nunneries, seminaries, and 3,555 44,359 27,873 16,486 boarding schools Military camps 1,410 27,700 25,080 2,620 Logging, mining, and construction/public 933 16,043 15,242 801 works camps Oceangoing and interisland/coastal vessels 33 425 389 36 Others 1,680 22,355 16,658 5,697

MIMAROPA REGION Total 1,009 16,855 14,202 2,653 Hotels, lodging houses, dormitories, and others 524 3,092 1,655 1,437 Hospitals and nurses' homes 20 56 33 23 Welfare institutions 22 356 179 177 Corrective and penal institutions 48 8,313 8,149 164 Convents, nunneries, seminaries, and 179 1,275 794 481 boarding schools Military camps 108 1,642 1,602 40 Logging, mining, and construction/public works camps 51 860 791 69 Oceangoing and interisland/coastal vessels 6 219 211 8 Others 51 1,042 788 254

In 2015, the institutional population of men was higher with 14, 202 compared to women with 2, 653. Men outnumbered women in all types of institutional population in the region. Population and Families 19

FIGURE 1.6 Number of Institutional Living Quarters and Their Resident Population by Sex and Region: 2015

Hotels, lodging houses, dormitories, 1,655 and others 1,437

Hospitals and nurses' homes 33 23

Welfare institutions 179 177

Corrective and penal institutions 8,149 164 Convents, nunneries, seminaries, and 794 boarding schools 481

Military camps 1,602 40 Logging, mining, and 791 construction/public works camps 69 Oceangoing and interisland/coastal 211 vessels 8

Others 788 254

Men Women

In 2015, majority of female population (1,437) resides in Hotels, Lodging houses, Dormitories and other, and the least number (8) of female population resides in Oceangoing and inter-island/coastal vessels. Meanwhile, 8,149 of the male population are in Corrective and Penal Institutions and the least number of male population resides in Hospitals and nurse's homes. 20 Population and Families

TABLE 1.9 Gender Development Index by Component and Province, MIMAROPA: 2003 and 2000

Gender Gender Gender Province Education Income GDI Health Index Index Index

2003 Marinduque 0.7149 0.8485 0.1495 0.5709 Occidental Mindoro 0.7066 0.7242 0.3283 0.5864 Oriental Mindoro 0.7212 0.8277 0.2263 0.5917 Palawan 0.6877 0.7778 0.1678 0.5444 Romblon 0.6981 0.8359 0.1074 0.5471

2000 Marinduque 0.6998 0.9004 0.1038 0.5680 Occidental Mindoro 0.6892 0.7995 0.1418 0.5435 Oriental Mindoro 0.7062 0.8880 0.2219 0.6054 Palawan 0.6677 0.7827 0.1558 0.5354 Romblon 0.6779 0.8448 0.0610 0.5279 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Poverty and Human Development Statistics Division

In 2003, women and men in Oriental Mindoro enjoyed the highest achievement in terms of human development among five provinces in MIMAROPA with Gender Development Index (GDI) estimated at 0.5917.

Across provinces, Occidental Mindoro recorded the biggest improvement in GDI from 0.5435 in 2000 to 0.5864 in 2003 and Gender Income Index from 0.1418 in 2000 to 0.3283 in 2003. Romblon recorded the biggest improvement in Gender Health Index from 0.6779 in 2000 to 0.6981 in 2003. On the other hand, all provinces increased in Gender Education Index.

In 2003, Oriental Mindoro recorded the highest Gender Health Index with 0.7149, while Palawan earns the lowest having 0.6877. When it comes to Gender Education Index, Marinduque is in the peak obtaining 0.8385, while Occidental Mindoro reported the lowest having 0.7242. In Gender Income Index, Occidental Mindoro recorded the highest with 0.3283, whilst Romblon stated the lowest obtaining 0.1074. Population and Families 21

TABLE 1.10 Gender Equality Ratio by Component and Province, MIMAROPA: 2003 and 2000

Health Education Income Province Equality Equality Equality GER Ratio Ratio Ratio

2003 Marinduque 0.9977 1.0570 1.5017 1.1656 Occidental Mindoro 1.0071 1.1263 1.4526 1.1811 Oriental Mindoro 0.9963 1.0650 2.6490 1.4113 Palawan 1.0071 1.0431 1.7548 1.2261 Romblon 1.0154 1.0080 4.0204 1.6025

2000 Marinduque 0.9976 1.0352 1.0784 1.0365 Occidental Mindoro 1.0146 1.0552 0.7259 0.9194 Oriental Mindoro 0.9962 1.0415 1.4289 1.1403 Palawan 1.0073 1.0663 1.2561 1.1050 Romblon 1.0159 1.0733 2.8286 1.4556

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Poverty and Human Development Statistics Division

In 2003, all provinces in the region posted Gender Equality Ratio (GER) greater than 1, which means women have an advantage over men. Women in Romblon emerged as the most advantaged, recording the highest GER at 1.6025. 22 Population and Families

TABLE 1.11 Number of Live Births by Sex, by Place of Occurrence, and by Usual Residence of Mother (Region), Philippines: 2016 Number Region Place of Occurrence Usual Residence Both Sexes Men Women Both Sexes Men Women Philippines 1,731,289 903,694 827,595 1,731,289 903,694 827,595 National Capital Region 241,061 125,512 115,549 219,936 114,535 105,401 Cordillera Administrative Region 31,779 16,435 15,344 29,285 15,106 14,179 Region I - Ilocos 81,162 42,427 38,735 82,206 43,004 39,202 Region II - Cagayan Valley 56,630 29,693 26,937 58,490 30,701 27,789 Region III - Central Luzon 189,153 99,395 89,758 191,245 100,455 90,790 Region IV-A - CALABARZON 234,741 121,872 112,869 251,344 130,470 120,874 MIMAROPA Region 48,714 25,439 23,275 48,888 25,505 23,383 Region V - Bicol 115,623 59,923 55,700 116,092 60,145 55,947 Region VI - Western Visayas 115,885 60,756 55,129 114,774 60,179 54,595 Region VII - Central Visayas 115,885 76,358 69,313 145,550 76,288 69,262 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 74,308 38,965 35,343 74,725 39,172 35,553 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 62,488 32,606 29,882 63,556 33,192 30,364 Region X - Northern Mindanao 91,315 47,668 43,647 89,359 46,683 42,676 Region XI - Davao 92,463 48,078 44,385 90,828 47,240 43,588 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 80,675 42,260 38,415 78,919 41,306 37,613 Region XIII - Caraga 42,946 22,335 20,611 44,135 22,941 21,194 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 26,675 13,972 12,703 31,067 16,307 14,760 Foreign Countries - - - 890 465 425 Continued Table 1. - Concluded Percent Difference (Place of Place of Usual Region Occurrence Less Usual Occurrence Residence Residence of the Mother) Both Sexes Philippines 100.0 100.0 - National Capital Region 13.9 12.7 21,125 Cordillera Administrative Region 1.8 1.7 2,494 Region I - Ilocos 4.7 4.7 -1,044 Region II - Cagayan Valley 3.3 3.4 -1,860 Region III - Central Luzon 10.9 11.0 -2,092 Region IV-A - CALABARZON 13.6 14.5 -16,603 MIMAROPA Region 2.8 2.8 -174 Region V - Bicol 6.7 6.7 -469 Region VI - Western Visayas 6.7 6.6 1,111 Region VII - Central Visayas 8.4 8.4 121 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 4.3 4.3 -417 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3.6 3.7 -1,068 Region X - Northern Mindanao 5.3 5.2 1,956 Region XI - Davao 5.3 5.2 1,635 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 4.7 4.6 1,756 Region XIII - Caraga 2.5 2.5 -1,189 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 1.5 1.8 -4,392 Foreign Countries 0.0 0.1 -890 Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division In 2016, the number of live births in MIMAROPA region by place of occurrence reached 48,714. This was lower by 174 compared to the number of live births in the region by usual residence which was 48,888. Meanwhile, in terms of the place of occurrence, the number of live births of men was higher with 25,439 than women with 23,275. The same case applied to the number of live births by usual residence wherein men with 25,505 outnumbered women with 23,383. Population and Families 23

TABLE 1.12 Number of Live Births by Sex, by Place of Occurrence, and by Usual Residence of Mother (Region), Philippines: 2015 Number Region Place of Occurrence Usual Residence Both Sexes Men Women Both Sexes Men Women Philippines 1,744,767 910,877 833,890 1,744,767 910,877 833,890 National Capital Region 252,826 132,237 120,589 231,766 121,196 110,570 Cordillera Administrative Region 32,885 17,114 15,771 30,873 16,088 110,570 Region I - Ilocos 84,766 44,231 40,535 85,871 44,774 41,097 Region II - Cagayan Valley 60,433 31,471 28,962 60,511 31,516 28,995 Region III - Central Luzon 194,267 101,849 92,418 196,217 102,803 93,414 Region IV-A - CALABARZON 242,480 125,840 116,640 260,339 135,270 125,069 MIMAROPA Region 49,904 26,001 23,903 50,122 26,092 24,030 Region V - Bicol 114,718 59,996 54,722 115,210 60,250 54,960 Region VI - Western Visayas 118,534 61,461 57,073 118,788 61,622 57,166 Region VII - Central Visayas 148,513 77,411 71,102 148,319 77,312 71,007 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 76,322 40,210 36,112 76,771 40,470 36,301 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 56,579 29,446 27,133 58,109 30,281 27,828 Region X - Northern Mindanao 89,682 46,965 42,717 87,155 45,628 41,527 Region XI - Davao 91,271 47,912 43,359 90,009 47,209 42,800 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 78,998 41,317 37,681 77,479 40,511 36,968 Region XIII - Caraga 41,270 21,497 19,773 42,304 22,040 20,264 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 11,319 5,919 5,400 14,784 7,742 7,042 Foreign Countries - - - 140 73 67 Continued Table 1. - Concluded Percent Difference (Place of Place of Usual Region Occurrence Less Usual Occurrence Residence Residence of the Mother) Both Sexes Philippines 100.0 100.0 - National Capital Region 14.5 13.3 21,060 Cordillera Administrative Region 1.9 1.8 2,012 Region I - Ilocos 4.9 4.9 -1,105 Region II - Cagayan Valley 3.5 3.5 -78 Region III - Central Luzon 11.1 11.2 -1,950 Region IV-A - CALABARZON 13.9 14.9 -17,859 MIMAROPA Region 2.9 2.9 -218 Region V - Bicol 6.6 6.6 -492 Region VI - Western Visayas 6.8 6.8 -254 Region VII - Central Visayas 8.5 8.5 194 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 4.4 4.4 -449 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3.2 3.3 -1,530 Region X - Northern Mindanao 5.1 5.0 2,527 Region XI - Davao 5.2 5.2 1,262 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 4.5 4.4 1,519 Region XIII - Caraga 2.4 2.4 -1,034 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 0.6 0.8 -3,465 Foreign Countries 0.0 0.0 -140 Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Civil Registration Service, Vital Statistics Division In 2015, the number of live births in MIMAROPA region by place of occurrence reached 49,904. This was lower by 218 compared to the number of live births in the region by usual residence which was 50,122. Meanwhile, in terms of the place of occurrence, the number of live births of men was higher with 26,001 than women with 23,903. The same case applied to the number of live births by usual residence wherein men with 26,092 outnumbered women with 24,030. 24 Population and Families

TABLE1.13 Number and Percent Distribution of Deaths by Sex and by Usual Residence, Philippines: 2016

Both Sexes Men Women Usual Residence of the Deceased Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Philippines 582,183 100.0 334,678 57.5 247,505 42.5

National Capital Region 76,839 13.2 44,455 7.6 32,384 5.6 Cordillera Administrative Region 8,329 1.4 4,875 0.8 3,454 0.6 Region I -Ilocos Region 35,666 6.1 19,819 3.4 15,847 2.7 Region II -Cagayan Valley 20,952 3.6 12,292 2.1 8,660 1.5 Region III -Central Luzon 68,757 11.8 39,354 6.8 29,403 5.1 Region IV-A -CALABARZON 82,764 14.2 47,357 8.1 35,407 6.1 Region IV-B -MIMAROPA 16,105 2.8 9,420 1.6 6,685 1.1 Region V -Bicol 36,228 6.2 20,566 3.5 15,662 2.7 Region VI - Western Visayas 51,256 8.8 29,203 5.0 22,053 3.8 Region VII - Central Visayas 47,937 8.2 26,911 4.6 21,026 3.6 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 23,821 4.1 13,482 2.3 10,339 1.8 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 17,457 3.0 10,202 1.8 7,255 1.2 Region X - Northern Mindanao 26,070 4.5 15,245 2.6 10,825 1.9 Region XI - Davao 29,260 5.0 17,197 3.0 12,063 2.1 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 22,115 3.8 13,335 2.3 8,780 1.5 Region XIII - CARAGA 14,939 2.6 8,667 1.5 6,272 1.1 ARMM 3,236 0.6 1,971 0.3 1,265 0.2 Foreign Countries 452 0.1 327 0.1 125 *

Source: PSA, CRS-VSD Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration

* Less than 0.1 percent

In 2016, the total number of deaths by usual residence in MIMAROPA reached 16,105 which was 2.8 percent of the country's percentage. The number of deaths of men in the region was higher with 9,420 compared to women with 6,685. Population and Families 25

TABLE1.14 Number and Percent Distribution of Deaths by Sex and by Usual Residence, Philippines: 2015

Both Sexes Men Women Usual Residence of the Deceased Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Philippines 560,605 100.0 321,624 57.4 238,981 42.6

National Capital Region 74,530 13.3 42,603 7.6 31,927 5.7 Cordillera Administrative Region 7,909 1.4 4,611 0.8 3,298 0.6 Region I -Ilocos Region 34,190 6.1 18,851 3.4 15,339 2.7 Region II -Cagayan Valley 20,212 3.6 11,849 2.1 8,363 1.5 Region III -Central Luzon 65,540 11.7 37,529 6.7 28,011 5.0 Region IV-A -CALABARZON 80,778 14.4 46,499 8.3 34,279 6.1 Region IV-B -MIMAROPA 15,012 2.7 8,814 1.6 6,198 1.1 Region V -Bicol 35,086 6.3 19,852 3.5 15,234 2.7 Region VI - Western Visayas 29,082 5.2 16,505 2.9 12,577 2.2 Region VII - Central Visayas 38,578 6.9 21,419 3.8 17,159 3.1 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 23,658 4.2 13,316 2.4 10,342 1.8 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 16,573 3.0 9,585 1.7 6,988 1.2 Region X - Northern Mindanao 24,551 4.4 14,262 2.5 10,289 1.8 Region XI - Davao 27,549 4.9 16,319 2.9 11,230 2.0 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 20,547 3.7 12,424 2.2 8,123 1.4 Region XIII - CARAGA 14,387 2.6 8,410 1.5 5,977 1.1 ARMM 2,938 0.5 1,766 0.3 1,172 0.2 Negros Island Region 29,147 5.2 16,755 3.0 12,392 2.2 Foreign Countries 338 0.1 255 0.1 83 *

Source: PSA, CRS-VSD Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration * Less than 0.1 percent In 2015, 2.7 percent of the percentage of deaths by usual residence in the country was recorded for MIMAROPA. The region had 15,012 total number of deaths for the year. The number of deaths of men in the region was higher with 8,814 compared to women with 6,198. 26 Population and Families

Table 1.15 Number and Percent Distribution of Infant Deaths by Usual Residence, by Sex, Philippines: 2016 Both Sexes Men Region Women Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Philippines 21,874 100.0 12,566 57.4 9,308 42.5

National Capital Region 3,687 16.9 2,126 9.7 1,561 7.1 Cordillera Administrative Region 250 1.1 137 0.6 113 0.5 Region I -Ilocos Region 1,205 5.5 662 3.0 543 2.5 Region II -Cagayan Valley 604 2.8 355 1.6 249 1.1 Region III -Central Luzon 2,480 11.3 1,424 6.5 1,056 4.8 Region IV-A -CALABARZON 3,727 17.0 2,124 9.7 1,603 7.3 Region IV-B -MIMAROPA 693 3.2 411 1.9 282 1.3 Region V -Bicol 1,517 6.9 866 4.0 651 3.0 Region VI - Western Visayas 1,383 6.3 775 3.5 608 2.8 Region VII - Central Visayas 1,828 8.4 1,048 4.8 780 3.6 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 682 3.1 376 1.7 306 1.4 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 594 2.7 340 1.6 254 1.2 Region X - Northern Mindanao 1,000 4.6 610 2.8 390 1.8 Region XI - Davao 1,000 4.6 598 2.7 402 1.8 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 666 3.0 381 1.7 285 1.3 Region XIII - CARAGA 345 1.6 205 0.9 140 0.6 ARMM 209 1.0 125 0.6 84 0.4 Foreign Countries 4 * 3 * 1 * Source: PSA, CRS-VSD Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration * Less than 0.1 percent In 2016, the total number of infant deaths by usual residence in MIMAROPA reached 693 which was 3.2 percent of the country's percentage. The number of infant deaths of men in the region was higher with 411 compared to women with 282. Population and Families 27

Table 1.16 Number and Percent Distribution of Infant Deaths by Usual Residence, by Sex, Philippines: 2015

Both Sexes Men Region Women Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Philippines 20,750 100.0 12,086 59.7 8,664 43.8

National Capital Region 3,811 18.4 2,252 10.9 1,559 7.5 Cordillera Administrative Region 257 1.2 149 0.7 108 0.5 Region I -Ilocos Region 1,169 5.6 668 3.2 501 2.4 Region II -Cagayan Valley 581 2.8 346 1.7 235 1.1 Region III -Central Luzon 2,368 11.4 1,392 6.7 976 4.7 Region IV-A -CALABARZON 3,657 17.6 2,134 10.3 1,523 7.3 Region IV-B -MIMAROPA 675 3.3 402 1.9 273 1.3 Region V -Bicol 1,311 6.3 745 3.6 566 2.7 Region VI - Western Visayas 895 4.3 495 2.4 400 1.9 Region VII - Central Visayas 1,336 6.4 742 3.6 594 2.9 Region VIII - Eastern Visayas 563 2.7 352 1.7 211 1.0 Region IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 529 2.5 323 1.6 206 1.0 Region X - Northern Mindanao 806 3.9 462 2.2 344 1.7 Region XI - Davao 892 4.3 515 2.5 377 1.8 Region XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 637 3.1 368 1.8 269 1.3 Region XIII - CARAGA 344 1.7 216 1.0 128 0.6 ARMM 196 0.9 111 0.5 85 0.4 Negros Island Region 722 3.5 414 3.4 308 3.6 Foreign Countries 1 * - - 1 *

Source: PSA, CRS-VSD Note: Figures are not adjusted for under-registration * Less than 0.1 percent In 2015, 3.3 percent of the percentage of infant deaths by usual residence in the country was recorded for MIMAROPA. The region had 675 total number of infant deaths for the year. The number of infant deaths of men in the region was higher with 402 compared to women with 273. 28

WPEACEORK AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Women have been joining the labor force partly out of economic necessity and partly in response to economic opportunities. However, there remain wide gaps in women and men labor force participation rates. This can be attributed to biases against women as well as constraints imposed on them by domestic responsibilities. The data reflected in this sector will help our laborers and policy makers identify specific areas where such gender concerns are present and where gender sensitive approaches are required.

This chapter contains data on labor/employment status of women and men, employment by major occupation and industry groups and highest grade completed. These were taken from the results of 2016 Labor Force Survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority. Data on Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) from the Survey on Overseas Filipinos were also included. Provincial data on number of workers terminated due to closure or retrenchment, membership of women and men in workers organizations, and number of registered job applicants in Public Employment Service Offices (PESO) were obtained from the DOLE. 29 CHAPTER 2: WORK

List of Tables

Table 2.1 Employment Indicators of Household Population Aged 31 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Table 2.2a Number and Percentage Distribution of Population 15 years 33 Old and Over by Employment Status, Sex and Age Group: 2015

Table 2.2b Number and Percentage Distribution of Population 15 years 34 Old and Over by Employment Status, Sex and Age Group: 2016

Table 2.3a Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons 35 by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Table 2.3b Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons 36 by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 2.4 Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons 38 by Major Industry Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Table 2.5a Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by 40 Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2016

Table 2.5b Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by 41 Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2015

Table 2.6 Number of Workers Terminated Due to Closure or 44 Retrenchment by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Table 2.7 Membership in Workers Organizations by Sex and Province, 45 MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Table 2.8 Number of Registered Job Applicants in Public Employment 46 Service Office by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 2.9 Number of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Owners by 47 Sex and Total Number of Employment and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 2.10 Membership in Operating Cooperatives by Sex, MIMAROPA: 48 2014-2016 30

List of Figures

Figure 2.1 Employment Indicators of Household Population Aged 32 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 2.2a Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group 37 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 2.2b Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group 37 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 2.3 Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Industry Group 39 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 2.4a Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by 42 Highest Grade Completed and Sex: October 2016

Figure 2.4b Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by 43 Highest Grade Completed and Sex: October 2015 Work 31

TABLE 2.1 Employment Indicators of Household Population Aged 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

2016 2015 Population 15 Years Old and Over Women Men Women Men

(in thousands) 974 1,023 997 1,047

Labor Force Participation Rate (%) 50.8 79.2 52.5 78.0 Employment Rate 95.2 96.4 96.9 96.6 Unemployment Rate 4.8 3.6 3.1 3.4 Underemployment Rate 17.0 24.8 16.2 23.7

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2017 Gender Statistics on Labor and Employment

Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of women decreased by 1.7 percentage point from 52.5 percent in 2015 to 50.8 percent in 2016. On the other hand, LFPR for men increased by 1.2 percentage point from 78.0 percent in 2015 to 79.2 percent in 2016.

The employment rate of women decreased by 1.7 percentage points from 96.9 percent in 2015 to 95.2 percent in 2016. Meanwhile, the employment rate of men also decreased by 0.2 percentage points from 96.6 percent in 2015 to 96.4 percent in 2016.

The unemployment rate of women increased by 1.7 percentage points from 3.1 percent in 2015 to 4.8 percent in 2016. The unemployment rate of men increased by 0.2 percentage points from 3.4 percent in 2015 to 3.6 percent in 2016.

The underemployment rate of women increased by 0.8 percentage points from 16.2 percent in 2015 to 17.0 percent in 2016. The underemployment rate of men increased by 1.1 percentage points from 23.7 percent in 2015 to 24.8 percent in 2016. 32 Work

LFPR FIGURE 2.1 Employment Indicators of Household Population Employment Aged 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, Unemployment MIMAROPA: 2016 Women Men

95.2 96.4 79.2

50.8

4.8 3.6

LFPR Employment Unemployment

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2017 Gender Statistics on Labor and Employment

Employment rate for men was higher with 96.4 percent compared to women with 95.2 percent. The labor force participatin rate for men was also higher with 79.2 percent than women with 50.8 percent. Work 33

TABLE 2.2a Number and Percentage Distribution of Population 15 Years Old and Over by Employment Status, by Sex and Age Group, MIMAROPA: 2015 ANNUAL ESTIMATES Population 15 In the Not in the Sex and Age Group Years Old and Labor Employed Unemployed Labor Over Force Force

Men 32,417 25,062 23,406 1,656 7,355 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15 - 24 30.7 21.1 19.4 45.9 63.1 25 - 34 23.0 27.6 27.4 30.8 7.6 35 - 44 18.0 22.2 22.9 11.5 3.8 45 - 54 13.8 16.7 17.3 7.4 4.2 55 - 64 8.5 # 9.2 3.7 7.5 65 and over 5.9 # 3.8 0.7 13.9 Not reported 0.0 # 0.0 - 0.0

Women 32,519 16,280 15,335 945 16,239 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15 - 24 29.5 19.9 17.7 54.6 39.1 25 - 34 22.8 25.9 25.6 30.9 19.7 35 - 44 17.8 22.3 23.2 8.4 13.2 45 - 54 13.8 17.9 18.8 4.1 9.5 55 - 64 8.8 # 10.4 1.5 7.8 65 and 7.4 # 4.3 0.5 10.6 Not reported 0.0 # 0.0 - 0.0

Notes: The methodology for the computation of annual estimates of labor and employment indicators is based on NSCB Resolution No. 9, Approving and Adopting the Official Methodology for Generating Annual Labor and Employment Estimates , using the average estimates of the four LFS rounds. 0.0 - Less than 0.05 percent. 34 Work

TABLE 2.2b Number and Percentage Distribution of Population 15 Years Old and Over by Employment Status, by Sex and Age Group, MIMAROPA: 2016 ANNUAL ESTIMATES Population 15 In the Not in the Sex and Age Group Years Old and Labor Employed Unemployed Labor Over Force Force Men 34,184 26,521 25,035 1,486 7,663

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15 - 24 29.5 20.0 18.5 45.3 62.5 25 - 34 22.5 27.1 27.0 30.2 6.7 35 - 44 17.9 22.1 22.7 11.4 3.5 45 - 54 14.3 17.2 17.7 8.1 4.2 55 - 64 9.4 9.8 10.1 4.1 8.3 65 and over 6.4 3.9 4.1 1.0 14.9 Not reported 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0

Women 34,127 16,840 15,963 877 17,287

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 15 - 24 28.1 18.4 16.5 52.8 37.5 25 - 34 21.7 24.3 24.1 27.8 19.2 35 - 44 17.5 22.3 22.9 9.8 12.8 45 - 54 14.3 18.9 19.6 5.9 9.8 55 - 64 9.9 11.3 11.7 2.8 8.7 65 and over 8.5 4.9 5.1 0.9 12.0 Not reported 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0

Notes: The methodology for the computation of annual estimates of labor and employment indicators is based on a Resolution found in the PSA website, Approving and Adopting the Official Methodology for Generating Annual Labor And Employment Estimates, using the average estimates of the four LFS rounds.

The annual estimates are based on the final results of the January, April, July and October 2016 rounds of LFS.

0.0 - Less than 0.05 percent.

Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Annual Labor and Employment Estimates for 2016 Work 35

TABLE 2.3a Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 (Number in thousands)

2016 Major Occupation Group Women Men Total No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,252 471 100.0 780 100.0

Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate 199 106 22.5 93 12.0 Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and Supervisors Professionals 42 30 6.5 11 1.4 Technicians and Associate 22 12 2.6 10 1.2 Professionals Clerical Support Workers 32 19 4.0 13 1.7 Service and Sales Workers 133 78 16.6 54 7.0 Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and 268 54 11.5 214 27.4 Fishery Workers Craft and Related Trades Workers 67 8 1.7 58 7.5 Plant and Machine Operators and 34 1 0.2 33 4.2 Assemblers Elementary Occupations 422 146 30.9 276 35.4 Armed Forces Occupations 2 0 0.0 2 0.2 Others 31 16 3.4 15 1.9

Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

In 2016, almost one-third or 30.9 percent of women were employed at elementary occupations (Crop Farm Laborers, Livestock Farm Laborers, Forestry Laborers, Fishery and Aquaculture Laborers, Garden and Horticulture Laborers, Building Construction Laborers, Hand Packers, and Freight Handlers) followed by Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and Supervisors with 22.5 percent. Likewise, 35.4 percent of men were also employed at elementary occupations. This was followed by skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers with 27.4 percent.

Armed forces occupations has the least number of employed men and women in the region. 36 Work

TABLE 2.3b Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015 (Number in thousands)

2015 Major Occupation Group Women Men Total No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,296 507 100.0 789 100.0

Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and Supervisors 175 91 18.0 84 10.6 Professionals 53 39 7.7 14 1.8 Technicians and Associate Professionals 27 13 2.6 14 1.8 Clerical Support Workers 50 31 6.2 18 2.3 Service and Sales Workers 138 76 15.1 62 7.8 Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers 291 65 12.8 226 28.6 Craft and Related Trades Workers 69 9 1.7 61 7.7 Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers 30 1 0.1 29 3.7 Elementary Occupations 460 181 35.7 279 35.3 Armed Forces Occupations 4 1 0.2 3 0.4

Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

In 2015, 35.7 percent of women were employed at elementary occupations. This was followed by Officials of Government and Special Interest Organizations, Corporate Executives, Managers, Managing Proprietors, and Supervisors with 18.0 percent. Likewise, 35.3 percent of men were also employed at elementary occupations followed by skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers with 28.6 percent.

Armed forces occupations also has the least number of employed men and women in the region in 2015. Work 37

FIGURE 2.2a Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 Women Men Professionals 73.2 26.8 Service and Sales Workers 59.1 40.9 Clerical Support Workers 58.4 41.6 Technicians and Associate… 56.2 43.8 Officials of Government and Special… 53.2 46.8 Elementary Occupations 34.5 65.5 Skilled Agricultural Forestry and… 20.2 79.8 Plant and Machine Operators and…3.1 96.9 Armed Forces Occupation0.0 100.0

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

FIGURE 2.2b Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Occupation Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015 Women Professionals Men 73.6 26.4 Clerical Support Workers 62.0 38.0 Service and Sales Workers 55.1 44.9 Officials of Government and Special… 52.0 48.0 Technicians and Associate… 48.1 51.9 Elementary Occupations 39.3 60.7 Armed Forces Occupation 25.0 75.0 Skilled Agricultural Forestry and… 22.3 77.7 Craft and Related Trades Workers 13.0 87.0 Plant and Machine Operators and…3.3 96.7 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

For both years, employed women in the region were mostly professionals, service and sales workers, clerical support workers, technicians and associate professionals, and officials of government and special interest organizations, corporate executives, managers, managing proprietors, and supervisors.

On the other hand, most of the employed men were under plant and machine operators and assemblers, armed forces occupations, craft and related trades workers, and skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers in 2016. In 2015, most of the employed men were under plant and machine operators and assemblers, craft and related trades workers, skilled agricultural forestry and fishery workers, and armed forces occupation. 38 Work

TABLE 2.4 Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Major Industry Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 (Number in thousands) Women Men Major Industry Group Total No. % No. % MIMAROPA 1,252 471 100.0 780 100.0 Agriculture 546 142 30.1 404 51.8 Agriculture, hunting, and forestry 431 132 27.9 299 38.3 Fishing 115 10 2.2 105 13.5 Industry 170 29 6.2 141 18.1 Mining and quarrying 7 1 0.2 6 0.8 Manufacturing 60 27 5.6 34 4.3 Electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning 3 - 0.1 3 0.4 supply Water supply; sewerage, waste management - - - - 0.1 and remediation activities Construction 99 1 0.3 97 12.5 Services 535 300 63.6 235 30.1 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor 195 134 28.4 61 7.8 and motorcycles Transportation and storage 75 1 0.2 74 9.4 Accommodation and food service activities 44 29 6.2 15 1.9 Information and communication 3 2 0.3 1 0.2 Financial and insurance activities 9 5 1.0 4 0.5 Real estate activities - - 0.1 - - Professional, scientific and technical activities 2 1 0.2 1 0.1 Administrative and support service activities 13 3 0.7 10 1.3 Public administration and defense; 78 39 8.2 39 5.0 compulsory social security Education 38 29 6.1 9 1.2 Human health and social work activities 7 5 1.0 2 0.3 Arts, entertainment and recreation 8 2 0.5 6 0.7 Other service activities 63 50 10.6 13 1.7 Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods and services-producing activities of households for own use - - - - - Activities of extraterritorial organizations - - - - - and bodies

Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

The largest proportion of employed women with 28.4 percent were engaged in Wholesale and Retail Trade. On the other hand, most of the employed men with 38.3 percent were engaged in Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry. Work 39

FIGURE 2.3 Proportion of Employed Persons by Major Industry Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Women Men

Other Service Activities 79.4 20.6

Education 75.8 24.2

Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles 68.7 31.3

Human Health and Social Work Activities 67.6 32.4

Accommodation and Food Service Activities 65.9 34.1

Financial and Insurance Activities 56.3 43.7

Information and Communication 51.0 49.0

Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security 49.9 50.1

Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 47.3 52.7

Manufacturing 44.1 55.9

Agriculture, Hunting, and Forestry 30.6 69.4

Arts, Entertainment and Recreation 30.2 69.8

Administrative and Support Service Activities 26.0 74.0

Mining and Quarrying 13.1 86.9

Fishing 8.8 91.2

Transportation and Storage 1.5 98.5

Construction 1.4 98.6

Electricity, Gas, Steam, and Air Conditioning Supply 0.0 100.0

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

Most of the employed women were engaged in Education, Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles, Human Health and Social Work Activities, Accommodation and Food Service Activities, Financial and Insurance Activities, Information and Communication, and Other Service Activities.

On the other hand, men mostly worked in Electricity, Gas, Steam and Air Conditioning Supply, Construction, Transportation and Storage, Fishing, Mining & Quarrying, Administrative Support Service Activities, Arts, Entertainment and Recreation, Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry, Manufacturing, Professional, Scientific and Techical Activities, and Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security. 40 Work

TABLE 2.5a Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2016 (Number in thousands)

2016 Highest Grade Completed Women Men Total No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,274 481 37.8 792 62.2

No Grade Completed 65 24 36.5 41 63.5

Elementary 426 133 31.2 293 68.8 Undergraduate 233 68 29.1 165 70.9 Graduate 193 65 33.7 128 66.3

High School 501 185 37.0 316 63.0 Undergraduate 204 70 34.6 133 65.4 Graduate 297 115 38.7 182 61.3

Post Secondary 45 17 36.9 28 63.1 Undergraduate 4 1 17.1 3 82.9 Graduate 41 16 38.8 25 61.2

College 237 123 51.8 114 48.2 Undergraduate 98 41 41.7 57 58.3 Graduate 138 82 58.9 57 41.1

Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

In 2016, employed women and men in the region have low educational attainment. The

More than half or 58.9 percent of the employed women have completed college. Among employed men, a smaller proportion or 41.1 percent have completed college. Work 41

TABLE 2.5b Number and Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2015 (Number in thousands)

2015 Highest Grade Completed Women Men Total No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 1,315 534 40.6 781 59.4

No Grade Completed 36 14 38.7 22 61.3

Elementary 435 151 34.6 284 65.4 Undergraduate 193 56 29.0 137 71.0 Graduate 242 95 39.1 147 60.9

High School 480 182 37.9 298 62.1 Undergraduate 181 56 31.0 125 69.0 Graduate 299 126 42.0 173 58.0

Post Secondary 58 26 44.6 32 55.4 Undergraduate 5 3 54.6 2 45.5 Graduate 53 23 43.7 30 56.3

College 305 161 52.9 144 47.1 Undergraduate 114 49 42.6 65 57.4 Graduate 191 113 59.0 78 41.0

Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Labor Force Survey

In 2015, employed women and men in the region have low educational attainment. The

More than half or 59 percent of the employed women have completed college. Among employed men, a smaller proportion or 41 percent have completed college. 42 Work

Figure 2.4a Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2016

College Graduate College Undergraduate Post Secondary Graduate Post Secondary Undergraduate High School Graduate Men High School Undergraduate Women Elementary Graduate Elementary Undergraduate No Grade Completed

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

In 2016, the percentage of employed men in the region was 24.4 percent higher than employed women. However, employed women who were college graduates comprised 58.9 percent of the total employed persons which was higher compared to 41.1 percent employed men. Work 43

Figure 2.4b Percentage Distribution of Employed Persons by Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: October 2015

College Graduate College Undergraduate Post Secondary Graduate Post Secondary Undergraduate High School Graduate High School Undergraduate Men Elementary Graduate Women Elementary Undergraduate No Grade Completed

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

In 2015, the percentage of employed men in the region was about 59.4 percent which was higher than employed women with 40.6 percent.In terms of highest grade completed, 59.0 percent of the employed persons were women while 41.0 percent were employed men. In addition, employed women who were post secondary undergraduates constituted 54.6 percent which was higher than the 45.5 percent employed men. 44 Work

TABLE 2.6 Number of Workers Terminated Due to Closure or Retrenchment by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Women Men Province No. % No. % 2016

MIMAROPA 49 44.1 62 55.9

Marinduque - - - - Occidental Mindoro 20 39.2 31 60.8 Oriental Mindoro 18 45.0 22 55.0 Palawan 11 55.0 9 45.0 Romblon - - - -

2015

MIMAROPA 13 39.4 20 60.6

Marinduque - - - - Occidental Mindoro 13 40.6 19 59.4 Oriental Mindoro - - 1 100.0 Palawan - - - - Romblon - - - -

Source: Department of Labor and Employment MIMAROPA

The number of workers terminated due to closure or retrenchments increased by 78 (236.4 %) from 33 in 2015 to 111 in 2016.

In 2016, more men (55.9 percent) were terminated than women (44.1) workers. Work 45

TABLE 2.7 Membership in Workers Organizations by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Women Men Province Total No. % No. %

2016 MIMAROPA 25,363 11,537 45.5 13,826 54.5

Marinduque 1,650 761 46.1 889 53.9 Occidental Mindoro 6,581 2,790 42.4 3,791 57.6 Oriental Mindoro 7,314 3,392 46.4 3,922 53.6 Palawan 5,387 2,530 47.0 2,857 53.0 Romblon 4,431 2,064 46.6 2,367 53.4

2015 MIMAROPA 31,411 12,691 40.4 18,720 59.6

Marinduque 3,251 980 30.1 2,271 69.9 Occidental Mindoro 15,166 4,738 31.2 10,428 68.8 Oriental Mindoro 6,575 3,136 47.7 3,439 52.3 Palawan 3,275 1,574 48.1 1,701 51.9 Romblon 3,144 2,263 72.0 881 28.0

Source: Department of Labor and Employment MIMAROPA

Membership in workers organization decreased by 6048 (19.3 %), from 31,411 in 2015 to 25,363 in 2016.

In 2016, membership in workers organizations in the region was dominated by men. More than half or 54.5 percent of the members of the workers organizations were men, while women accounted for 45.5 percent. 46 Work

TABLE 2.8 Number of Registered Job Applicants in Public Employment Service Office by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men Province Total No. % No. %

2016

MIMAROPA 105,692 - - - -

Marinduque 12,319 - - - - Occidental Mindoro 12,198 - - - - Oriental Mindoro 22,992 - - - - Palawan 44,621 - - - - Romblon 13,562 - - - -

2015

MIMAROPA 86,669 29,717 34.3 56,952 65.7

Marinduque 9,854 4,289 43.5 5,565 56.5 Occidental Mindoro 6,419 915 14.3 5,504 85.7 Oriental Mindoro 18,215 6,951 38.2 11,264 61.8 Palawan 47,702 16,800 35.2 30,902 64.8 Romblon 4,479 762 17.0 3,717 83.0 Note: Data on 2016 disaggregation by sex is not possible as reported by DOLE MIMAROPA. Source: Department of Labor and Employment MIMAROPA

In 2015, men job applicants (65.7 percent) dominated women job applicants (34.3 percent) in DOLE's Public Employment Service Offices (PESO) in the region. The same trend was noted in all provinces. Work 47

TABLE 2.9 Number of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Owners by Sex and Total Number of Employment and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Number of Gender of Owner Total Number of Province SMEs/BN Women Men Employment

2014 MIMAROPA 10,416 5,876 4,491 21,031

Marinduque 1,165 707 444 2 ,806 Occidental Mindoro 1,314 538 776 4 ,626 Oriental Mindoro 2,130 1,075 1,020 5 ,263 Palawan 4,902 3,138 1,764 4 ,419 Romblon 905 418 487 3 ,917

2015 MIMAROPA 11,935 6,741 5,123 22,940

Marinduque 1,103 695 420 3 ,310 Occidental Mindoro 1,434 572 862 5 ,094 Oriental Mindoro 2,307 1,191 1,033 5 ,751 Palawan 6,045 3,869 2,176 4 ,319 Romblon 1,046 414 632 4 ,466

2016 MIMAROPA 12,188 6,646 5,542 27,036

Marinduque 1,178 459 719 3 ,688 Occidental Mindoro 1,493 536 957 5 ,499 Oriental Mindoro 2,675 1,527 1,148 8 ,751 Palawan 5,705 3,652 2,053 4 ,549 Romblon 1,137 472 665 4 ,549

Source: Department of Trade and Industry MIMAROPA

There was a 2.1 percent increase in the total number of SMES/BN Registration in MIMAROPA from a 11,935 in 2015 to 12,188 in 2016.

Among the provinces of MIMAROPA, Palawan got the highest number of SMES/BN registration with 46.8 percent followed by Oriental Mindoro with 21.9 percent. 48 Work

TABLE 2.10 Membership in Operating Cooperatives by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014 - 2016

Indicator 2014 2015 2016

Total Number of Operating Cooperatives 643 470 487

Membership

Regular 146,496 136,667 167,423 Women 72,871 68,150 87,837 Men 73,625 68,517 79,586

Associate 11,735 Women … … 6215 Men … … 5520

Board of Directors Total … … … Women … … … Men … … …

Source: Cooperative Development Authority MIMAROPA

In 2016, membership in operating cooperatives in the region increased by 3.6 percent from 470 in 2015 to 487 in 2016.

The number of regular membership in MIMAROPA increased by 22.5 percent from 136,667 in 2015 to 167,423 in 2016. 49

AGRICULTURE

Women's contribution to agricultural productivity remains unrecognized. Their role in the farm is taken for granted. This can be observed in the bias of agricultural development programs toward men farmers. The gender-related data on this sector, for instance, show that most recipients of government sponsored agricultural programs are men farmers. Thus, there is a need to improve appreciation of women's role in agriculture and to ensure their access to farming skills enhancement programs and other

Data included in this chapter are number of agricultural operators by highest grade completed taken from the 2002 Census Agriculture of the Philippine Statistics Authority; number of beneficiaries/trainees of the various programs of the Department of Agriculture and holders of Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land Ownership Award and agrarian reform beneficiaries from the DAR. 50

CHAPTER 3: AGRICULTURE

List of Tables

Table 3.1 Number of Agricultural Operators by Highest Grade 51 Completed, Sex and Province MIMAROPA: 2002

Table 3.2 Number of Beneficiaries/Trainees of DA by Program and Sex, 55 MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Table 3.3 Holders of Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land 56 Ownership Award (CLOA) by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

List of Figures

Figure 3.1 Distribution of Agricultural Operators by Highest Grade 54 Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2002

Figure 3.2 Number of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries by Sex, 57 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Figure 3.3 Percentage of Holder/Farm Operators by Sex, 58 MIMAROPA: 2012

Figure 3.4 Number of household Members Engaged in Agricultural 59 Activities by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2012 Agriculture 51

TABLE 3.1 Number of Agricultural Operators by Province, Highest Grade Completed, and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2002

Province/Highest Grade Completed Women Men Not Reported

MIMAROPA 23,182 195,483 2,302

No Grade Completed 1,036 12,312 110 Elementary Undergraduate 6,811 52,799 546 Graduate 6,731 55,156 587 High School Undergraduate 2,284 24,128 279 Graduate 2,625 26,313 241 Post Secondary Course 318 2,628 22 College Undergraduate 1,005 8,798 107 Graduate 2,049 10,771 170 Post Graduate 91 494 3 Cannot Remember 232 2,084 237

Marinduque 3,151 16,162 192

No Grade Completed 42 129 4 Elementary Undergraduate 898 4,706 57 Graduate 1,036 5,760 52 High School Undergraduate 380 1,777 12 Graduate 410 2,010 17 Post Secondary Course 52 207 - College Undergraduate 73 519 4 Graduate 235 896 20 Post Graduate 12 20 - Cannot Remember 13 138 26

Continued 52 Agriculture

Table 3.1 - Continued Province/Highest Grade Completed Women Men Not Reported

Occidental Mindoro 2,378 35,123 264

No Grade Completed 118 4,058 15 Elementary Undergraduate 624 7,844 36 Graduate 622 9,421 68 High School Undergraduate 217 4,067 22 Graduate 244 4,662 20 Post Secondary Course 40 748 - College Undergraduate 153 1,825 13 Graduate 326 2,210 24 Post Graduate 12 74 - Cannot Remember 22 214 66

Oriental Mindoro 6,245 57,188 606

No Grade Completed 327 3,389 21 Elementary Undergraduate 2,070 16,723 133 Graduate 1,800 16,238 185 High School Undergraduate 463 6,410 92 Graduate 617 7,349 48 Post Secondary Course 66 717 4 College Undergraduate 238 2,460 22 Graduate 556 3,112 59 Post Graduate 11 132 - Cannot Remember 97 658 42 Continued Agriculture 53

Table 3.1 - Concluded

Province/Highest Grade Completed Women Men Not Reported

Palawan 6,542 62,495 804

No Grade Completed 409 4,429 57 Elementary Undergraduate 1,450 16,443 206 Graduate 1,733 16,729 172 High School Undergraduate 733 8,450 95 Graduate 960 8,511 103 Post Secondary Course 136 749 13 College Undergraduate 409 3,077 56 Graduate 618 3,241 30 Post Graduate 47 197 - Cannot Remember 47 669 72

Romblon 4,866 24,515 436 No Grade Completed 140 307 13 Elementary Undergraduate 1,769 7,083 114 Graduate 1,540 7,008 110 High School Undergraduate 491 3,424 58 Graduate 394 3,781 53 Post Secondary Course 24 207 5 College Undergraduate 132 917 12 Graduate 314 1,312 37 Post Graduate 9 71 3 Cannot Remember 53 405 31

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2002 Census of Agriculture 54 Agriculture

FIGURE 3.1 Distribution of Agricultural Operators by Highest Grade Completed and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2002

Women Men

No Grade Completed 7.8% 92.2% Elementary 11.1% 88.9% High School 8.9% 91.1% Post Sec. Course 10.8% 89.2% College 13.5% 86.5% Post Graduate 15.6% 84.4% Cannot Remember 10.0% 90.0%

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2002 Census of Agriculture

Majority or 88.5 percent of the agricultural operators in the region were male, while female accounted for only 10.5 percent.

Of the 220,967 agricultural operators in the region, 55.5 percent had attended or completed elementary education, 25.3 percent had reached or finished high school, and 10.4 percent were college undergraduate or academic degree holder. Agriculture 55

TABLE 3.2 Number of Beneficiaries/Trainees of DA by Program and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Women Men Program No. % No. % 2016 MIMAROPA 14, 758 38.7 23, 397 61.3 Rice Program 10, 640 39.1 16, 538 60.9 Corn/Cassava Program 1, 753 43.9 2, 237 56.1

High Value Commercial Crops 399 44.5 497 55.5 Program Livestock Program 522 19.8 2, 111 80.2 Organic Program 65 48.5 69 51.5 Various Support Devices 1, 379 41.5 1, 945 58.5

2015 MIMAROPA 19, 201 42.7 25, 814 57.3 Rice Program 13, 424 41.5 18, 947 58.5 Corn/Cassava Program 1, 481 43.5 1, 920 56.5

High Value Commercial Crops 842 39.0 1, 316 61.0 Program Livestock Program 754 39.9 1, 137 60.1 Organic Program 20 7.7 240 92.3 Various Support Devices 2, 680 54.3 2, 254 45.7

Source: Department of Agriculture (DA) MIMAROPA

The number of DA beneficiaries/trainees in MIMAROPA decreased by 15.2 percent from 45,015 in 2015 to 38,155 in 2016. Rice Program beneficiaries has the highest decrease with 16.0 percent from 32,371 in 2015 to 27,178 in 2016.

In 2016, three of the five beneficiaries/trainees in the region were men, while the rest or two of five were women. 56 Agriculture

TABLE 3.3 Holders of Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land Ownership Award (CLOA) by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Province Women Men Women Men Women Men

MIMAROPA 277 508 271 583 344 492

Marinduque 29 36 1 3 1 17 Occidental Mindoro 91 223 75 180 82 256 Oriental Mindoro 51 76 36 95 14 27 Palawan 77 128 159 305 247 192 Romblon 29 45 - - - -

*Romblon - no accomplishment for the year 2015 up to present

Source: Department of Agrarian Reform MIMAROPA

The number of Emancipation Patents and Certificate of Land Ownership Award (CLOA) holders in the region decreased by 2.1 percent, from 854 in 2015 to 836 in 2016.

In 2016, majority or 58.9 percent of the Emancipation Patents and CLOA holders were men, while the rest or 41.1 percent were women. The province of Palawan has the highest number of holders in 2015 with 464 holders and in 2016 with 439 holders. Agriculture 57

FIGURE 3.2 Number of Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

583 508 492

344 Women 277 271 Men

2014 2015 2016

Source: Department of Agrarian Reform MIMAROPA

In 2016, the number of agrarian reform beneficiaries in MIMAROPA decreased by only 2.1 percent, from 854 in 2015 to 836 in 2016. 58 Agriculture

Figure 3.3 Percentage of Holder/Farm Operators by Sex: MIMAROPA, 2012

Women, 20%

Men, 80%

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Census of Agriculture and Fisheries 2012

In 2012, the MIMAROPA region recorded 277 thousand holders/farm operators aged 15 years and over. Eighty percent (80%) were identified as men while the remaining 20% are women. Agriculture 59

Figure 3.4 Number of Household Members Engaged in Agricultural Activities by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2012 (in Thousands)

300

250

200

150

100

50

0 Women Men

*Mean age is 42 years old

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Census of Agriculture and Fisheries 2012

In 2012, A total of 409 thousand household members were engaged in agriculture. The graph shows that there are less women household members (124 thousand) than men (285 thousand). 60

EDPEACEUCA TI ANDON HUMAN RIGHTS

Education is important in shaping the role of women in society. The type and level of education that a woman gets determines her place in the world of work. This can be observed in the kind of gender-typing of fields of study and specialization in schools today which often results to a bias where men eventually get most of the highest occupational ranks and the highest paying positions. In addition, women's traditional roles in the home keep many of them from using their educational training and skills for remunerative work. The data reflected here will help articulate these and similar other gender concerns.

This chapter contains data on simple and functional literacy rate of women and men in the region, highest educational attainment of the household population 5 years old and over, and enrolment in elementary and secondary levels. Data on enrolment and graduates in Technical-Vocational Educational Training (TVET) Programs are also presented. Data were taken from the PSA, DepEd, and TESDA. 61

CHAPTER 4: EDUCATION

List of Tables

Table 4.1 Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational 62 Attainment, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2010

Table 4.2 Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational 65 Attainment, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 4.3 Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old who were currently 68 Attending School by Age Group and Sex: 2015

Table 4.4 Enrolment in Public Schools by Level of Education, Sex, 70 Province/City, MIMAROPA: SY 2016-2017

Table 4.5a Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by 72 Age Group and Sex: 2010

Table 4.5b Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by 75 Age Group and Sex: 2015

Table 4.6 Enrolment of TVET Programs by Sex and Cluster Program, 79 MIMAROPA: CY 2016

Graduates of TVET Programs by Sex and Cluster Program, Table 4.7 MIMAROPA: CY 2016 80

List of Figures

Figure 4.1 Distribution of Household Population 5 Years and Over 64 by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2010

Figure 4.2 Distribution of Household Population 5 Years and Over 67 by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Figure 4.3 Number of Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old 78 and Over by Age Group and Sex: 2015 62 Education

TABLE 4.1 Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational Attainment, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2010

Province/Highest Educational Attainment Women Men

MIMAROPA 1,171,549 1,228,123 No Grade Completed 67,405 73,116 Pre-school 41,149 44,959 Elementary 475,433 558,442 High School 370,543 363,482 Post Secondary 27,264 32,850 College Undergraduate 87,315 81,267 Academic Degree Holder 91,144 62,953 Post Baccalaureate 3,144 1,897 Not Stated - -

Marinduque 100,213 102,555 No Grade Completed 2,236 2,620 Pre-school 3,502 3,810 Elementary 41,382 45,719 High School 33,109 32,508 Post Secondary 3,088 3,528 College Undergraduate 7,414 7,235 Academic Degree Holder 8,312 6,033 Post Baccalaureate 426 221 Not Stated - -

Occidental Mindoro 190,079 202,077 No Grade Completed 13,364 14,958 Pre-school 7,233 7,981 Elementary 77,206 92,874 High School 58,543 57,622 Post Secondary 5,171 5,725 College Undergraduate 12,995 12,083 Academic Degree Holder 14,579 9,874 Post Baccalaureate 344 197 Not Stated - - Continued Education 63

Table 4.1 - Concluded

Province/Highest Educational Attainment Women Men

Oriental Mindoro 340,368 351,633 No Grade Completed 16,947 18,838 Pre-school 11,852 12,994 Elementary 137,453 158,700 High School 113,298 107,736 Post Secondary 9,638 11,995 College Undergraduate 21,395 19,757 Academic Degree Holder 26,462 18,291 Post Baccalaureate 809 471 Not Stated - -

Palawan 416,594 444,098 No Grade Completed 30,686 32,228 Pre-school 14,260 15,454 Elementary 168,017 204,089 High School 125,102 125,195 Post Secondary 6,592 7,929 College Undergraduate 36,548 33,634 Academic Degree Holder 31,037 21,291 Post Baccalaureate 1,193 791 Not Stated - -

Romblon 124,295 127,760 No Grade Completed 4,172 4,472 Pre-school 4,302 4,720 Elementary 51,375 57,060 High School 40,491 40,421 Post Secondary 2,775 3,673 College Undergraduate 8,963 8,558 Academic Degree Holder 10,754 7,464 Post Baccalaureate 372 217 Not Stated - -

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2010 Census of Population and Housing

In 2010, 43.1 percent of the population in the region have reached only elementary level.

Women had higher educational attainment compared to men. They outnumbered men among academic degree holders (59.1 percent) and post baccalaureate holders (62.4 percent). 64 Education

FIGURE 4.1 Distribution of Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2010

Women Men

Post Baccalaureate 62.4 37.6

Academic Degree Holder 59.1 40.9

College Undergraduate 51.8 48.2

Post Secondary 45.4 54.6

High School 50.5 49.5

Elementary 46.0 54.0

Pre-school 47.8 52.2

No Grade Completed 48.0 52.0

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2010 Census of Population and Housing Education 65

TABLE 4.2 Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational Attainment, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015

Province/Highest Educational Attainment Women Men

MIMAROPA 1,275,352 1,340,645 No Grade Completed 63,617 67,382 Pre-school 39,935 43,758 Elementary 476,049 575,585 High School 438,319 447,485 Post Secondary 25,929 24,794 College Undergraduate 114,454 100,377 Academic Degree Holder 114,222 79,347 Post Baccalaureate 2,124 1,314 Not Stated 703 603

Marinduque 104,606 105,068 No Grade Completed 2,420 2,616 Pre-school 2,990 3,233 Elementary 39,088 44,034 High School 36,941 36,761 Post Secondary 3,352 2,620 College Undergraduate 9,254 8,258 Academic Degree Holder 10,114 7,193 Post Baccalaureate 348 189 Not Stated 99 164

Occidental Mindoro 204,716 221,367 No Grade Completed 11,221 12,666 Pre-school 6,357 7,110 Elementary 80,953 101,279 High School 67,287 69,650 Post Secondary 5,373 5,123 College Undergraduate 16,027 13,665 Academic Degree Holder 17,278 11,718 Post Baccalaureate 168 98 Not Stated 52 58 Continued 66 Education

Table 4.1 - Concluded

Province/Highest Educational Attainment Women Men

Oriental Mindoro 368,524 377,883 No Grade Completed 16,863 18,073 Pre-school 13,010 13,990 Elementary 132,829 156,179 High School 133,612 132,802 Post Secondary 7,659 7,222 College Undergraduate 30,730 26,175 Academic Degree Holder 32,909 22,871 Post Baccalaureate 692 391 Not Stated 220 180

Palawan 468,559 505,211 No Grade Completed 29,089 29,856 Pre-school 14,024 15,318 Elementary 174,623 219,955 High School 155,186 162,311 Post Secondary 6,680 6,596 College Undergraduate 47,498 42,484 Academic Degree Holder 40,530 28,059 Post Baccalaureate 597 431 Not Stated 332 201

Romblon 128,947 131,116 No Grade Completed 4,024 4,171 Pre-school 3,554 4,107 Elementary 48,556 54,138 High School 45,293 45,961 Post Secondary 2,865 3,233 College Undergraduate 10,945 9,795 Academic Degree Holder 13,391 9,506 Post Baccalaureate 319 205 Not Stated - -

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population Education 67

FIGURE 4.2 Distribution of Household Population 5 Years and Over by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Women Men

Not Stated 53.8 46.2 Post Baccalaureate 61.8 38.2 Academic Degree Holder 59.0 41.0 College Undergraduate 53.3 46.7 Post Secondary 51.1 48.9 High School 49.5 50.5 Elementary 45.3 54.7 Pre-school 47.7 52.3 No Grade Completed 48.6 51.4

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

In 2015, 40.2 percent of the population in the region have reached only elementary level.

Women had higher educational attainment compared to men. They outnumbered men among academic degree holders (59.0 percent) and post baccalaureate holders(61.8 percent). 68 Education

TABLE 4.3 Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old Who Were Currently Attending School by Age Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old Women Men Age Group Total No % No %

MIMAROPA 889,311 436,524 49.1 452,787 50.9 5 - 9 331,762 160,614 48.4 171,148 51.6 10 - 14 327,290 160,077 48.9 167,213 51.1 15 - 19 193,548 98,358 50.8 95,190 49.2 20 - 24 36,711 17,475 47.6 19,236 52.4

Marinduque 74,579 36,260 48.6 38,319 51.4 5 - 9 26,554 12,890 48.5 13,664 51.5 10 - 14 27,149 13,304 49.0 13,845 51.0 15 - 19 17,528 8,597 49.0 8,931 51.0 20 - 24 3,348 1,469 43.9 1,879 56.1

Occidental Mindoro 143,699 70,288 48.9 73,411 51.1 5 - 9 55,136 26,631 48.3 28,505 51.7 10 - 14 54,213 26,370 48.6 27,843 51.4 15 - 19 29,228 14,888 50.9 14,340 49.1 20 - 24 5,122 2,399 46.8 2,723 53.2

Oriental Mindoro 247,300 121,837 49.3 125,463 50.7 5 - 9 94,079 45,784 48.7 48,295 51.3 10 - 14 91,354 44,661 48.9 46,693 51.1 15 - 19 52,828 27,017 51.1 25,811 48.9 20 - 24 9,039 4,375 48.4 4,664 51.6 Continued Education 69

Table 4.3 - Concluded Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old Age Group Women Men Total No % No %

Palawan 331,562 163,230 49.2 168,332 50.8 5 - 9 123,077 59,538 48.4 63,539 51.6 10 - 14 120,475 59,114 49.1 61,361 50.9 15 - 19 72,817 37,229 51.1 35,588 48.9 20 - 24 15,193 7,349 48.4 7,844 51.6

Romblon 92,171 44,909 48.7 47,262 51.3 5 - 9 32,916 15,771 47.9 17,145 52.1 10 - 14 34,099 16,628 48.8 17,471 51.2 15 - 19 21,147 10,627 50.3 10,520 49.7 20 - 24 4,009 1,883 47.0 2,126 53.0

In 2015, 50.9 percent of the household population 5 to 24 years old who were currently attending school were men. This was higher compared to women with 49.1 percent.

The percentage of men who were currently attending school was higher in all age groups except for 15-19 years old with 49.2 percent compared to women with 50.8 percent. 70 Education

TABLE 4.4 Enrolment in Public Schools by Level of Education, Sex, Province/City, MIMAROPA: SY 2016-2017

Level of Education/ Girls Boys Total Province/City No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 763,475 376,808 49.4 354,229 46.4

Kindergarten 58,344 30,487 52.3 27,857 47.7

Marinduque 4,069 2,099 51.6 1,970 48.4 Occidental Mindoro 9,012 4,713 52.3 4,299 47.7 Oriental Mindoro 15,702 8,261 52.6 7,441 47.4 Palawan 18,314 9,534 52.1 8,780 47.9 Romblon 5,322 2,785 52.3 2,537 47.7

Calapan City 2,143 1,085 50.6 1,058 49.4 Puerto Princesa City 3,782 2,010 53.1 1,772 46.9

Elementary 455,611 238,851 52.4 216,760 47.6

Marinduque 34,163 18,006 52.7 16,157 47.3 Occidental Mindoro 78,049 40,976 52.5 37,073 47.5 Oriental Mindoro 104,447 54,558 52.2 49,889 47.8 Palawan 142,275 74,466 52.3 67,809 47.7 Romblon 45,644 24,187 53.0 21,457 47.0

Calapan City 16,743 8,719 52.1 8,024 47.9 Puerto Princesa City 34,290 17,939 52.3 16,351 47.7

Junior High School 217,082 107,470 49.5 109,612 50.5

Marinduque 17,610 8,793 49.9 8,817 50.1 Occidental Mindoro 35,583 17,615 49.5 17,968 50.5 Oriental Mindoro 45,740 22,908 50.1 22,832 49.9 Palawan 65,625 32,098 48.9 33,527 51.1 Romblon 24,205 12,198 50.4 12,007 49.6

Calapan City 10,150 5,033 49.6 5,117 50.4 Puerto Princesa City 18,169 8,825 48.6 9,344 51.4 Continued Education 71

Table 4.4 - Concluded

Level of Education/ Girls Boys Total Province/City No. % No. %

Senior High School 32,438

Marinduque 2,736 Occidental Mindoro 4,055 Oriental Mindoro 6,765 Palawan 10,394 *no available data as to sex Romblon 4,314

Calapan City 1,342 Puerto Princesa City 2,832

Source: Department of Education, EBEIS SY 2016-2017

There were more girls (49.4 percent) than boys (46.4 percent) enrolled in public elementary schools in the region during SY 2016-2017. On the other hand, more girls (52.4 percent) than boys (47.6 percent) were enrolled in public elementary schools in the same school year.

Of all the enrollees in public schools in the region, Elementary level (217,082) contributed the largest number of enrolled pupils. 72 Education

TABLE 4.5a Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Age Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2010

Literate Age Group Women Men Total No % No %

MIMAROPA 1,977,565 967,350 48.9 1,010,215 51.1 10 - 14 328,882 160,090 48.7 168,792 51.3 15 - 19 290,751 140,424 48.3 150,327 51.7 20 - 24 220,924 106,533 48.2 114,391 51.8 25 - 29 188,424 91,971 48.8 96,455 51.2 30 - 34 172,730 83,278 48.2 89,451 51.8 35 - 39 158,280 76,275 48.2 82,005 51.8 40 - 44 142,812 68,780 48.2 74,033 51.8 45 - 49 123,951 59,693 48.2 64,255 51.8 50 - 54 104,287 50,796 48.7 53,492 51.3 55 - 59 79,038 38,773 49.1 40,265 50.9 60 - 64 59,857 30,455 50.9 29,404 49.1 65 years old and overer 107,627 60,283 56.0 47,345 44.0

Marinduque 173,606 86,106 49.6 87,500 50.4 10 - 14 28,580 13,688 47.9 14,893 52.1 15 - 19 23,604 11,146 47.2 12,458 52.8 20 - 24 15,862 7, 405 46.7 8, 458 53.3 25 - 29 13,391 6, 548 48.9 6, 843 51.1 30 - 34 13,651 6, 614 48.5 7, 037 51.5 35 - 39 13,219 6, 596 49.9 6, 623 50.1 40 - 44 12,915 6, 409 49.6 6, 506 50.4 45 - 49 11,269 5, 637 50.0 5, 631 50.0 50 - 54 10,690 5, 357 50.1 5, 333 49.9 55 - 59 8, 865 4, 497 50.7 4, 368 49.3 60 - 64 7, 375 3, 842 52.1 3, 533 47.9 65 years old and overer 14,184 8, 368 59.0 5, 817 41.0 Continued Education 73

Table 4.5a - Concluded Literate Age Group Women Men Total No % No % Occidental Mindoro 318,468 154,734 48.6 163,735 51.4 10 - 14 53,169 25,968 48.8 27,201 51.2 15 - 19 46,963 22,457 47.8 24,506 52.2 20 - 24 36,004 17,157 47.7 18,847 52.3 25 - 29 31,204 15,052 48.2 16,152 51.8 30 - 34 28,400 13,632 48.0 14,768 52.0 35 - 39 26,140 12,498 47.8 13,642 52.2 40 - 44 23,325 11,232 48.2 12,094 51.8 45 - 49 19,774 9, 513 48.1 10,261 51.9 50 - 54 16,327 7, 859 48.1 8, 468 51.9 55 - 59 12,056 5, 858 48.6 6, 198 51.4 60 - 64 er 9, 279 4, 743 51.1 4, 536 48.9 65 years old and ov 15,827 8, 765 55.4 7, 062 44.6

Oriental Mindoro 577,242 284,816 49.3 292,425 50.7 10 - 14 95,069 46,273 48.7 48,796 51.3 15 - 19 84,296 40,506 48.1 43,790 51.9 20 - 24 64,046 31,068 48.5 32,977 51.5 25 - 29 54,542 26,875 49.3 27,667 50.7 30 - 34 51,356 25,035 48.7 26,321 51.3 35 - 39 47,092 22,876 48.6 24,216 51.4 40 - 44 42,347 20,568 48.6 21,779 51.4 45 - 49 36,313 17,632 48.6 18,680 51.4 50 - 54 30,775 15,386 50.0 15,389 50.0 55 - 59 23,770 11,836 49.8 11,934 50.2 60 - 64 er 17,294 9, 116 52.7 8, 179 47.3 65 years old and ov 30,341 17,645 58.2 12,696 41.8

Palawan 695,687 336,543 48.4 359,144 51.6 10 - 14 115,679 56,621 48.9 59,058 51.1 15 - 19 105,367 52,058 49.4 53,309 50.6 20 - 24 83,586 40,708 48.7 42,878 51.3 25 - 29 71,994 35,091 48.7 36,904 51.3 30 - 34 63,426 30,260 47.7 33,165 52.3 35 - 39 55,964 26,637 47.6 29,327 52.4 40 - 44 48,580 22,959 47.3 25,621 52.7 45 - 49 42,603 20,024 47.0 22,579 53.0 50 - 54 34,505 16,171 46.9 18,335 53.1 55 - 59 25,093 11,763 46.9 13,330 53.1 60 - 64 er 18,389 8, 634 47.0 9, 756 53.1 65 years old and ov 30,500 15,618 51.2 14,882 48.8 Continued 74 Education

Table 4.5a - Concluded Literate Age Group Women Men Total No % No % Romblon 212,562 105,151 49.5 107,411 50.5 10 - 14 36,385 17,540 48.2 18,844 51.8 15 - 19 30,521 14,257 46.7 16,264 53.3 20 - 24 21,426 10,195 47.6 11,231 52.4 25 - 29 17,293 8, 405 48.6 8, 889 51.4 30 - 34 15,897 7, 737 48.7 8, 160 51.3 35 - 39 15,865 7, 668 48.3 8, 197 51.7 40 - 44 15,645 7, 612 48.7 8, 033 51.3 45 - 49 13,992 6, 887 49.2 7, 104 50.8 50 - 54 11,990 6, 023 50.2 5, 967 49.8 55 - 59 9, 254 4, 819 52.1 4, 435 47.9 60 - 64 7, 520 4, 120 54.8 3, 400 45.2 65 years old and ov er 16,775 9, 887 58.9 6, 888 41.1 Education 75

TABLE 4.5b Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Age Group and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Literate Women Men Age Group Total No % No %

MIMAROPA 2,186,973 1,072,660 49.0 1,114,313 51.0 10 - 14 339,060 164,225 48.4 174,835 51.6 15 - 19 307,275 148,579 48.4 158,696 51.6 20 - 24 250,457 122,243 48.8 128,214 51.2 25 - 29 209,850 103,333 49.2 106,517 50.8 30 - 34 189,875 92,468 48.7 97,407 51.3 35 - 39 174,974 83,924 48.0 91,050 52.0 40 - 44 155,312 74,370 47.9 80,942 52.1 45 - 49 139,236 67,128 48.2 72,108 51.8 50 - 54 118,420 57,041 48.2 61,379 51.8 55 - 59 97,568 48,073 49.3 49,495 50.7 60 - 64 73,563 36,941 50.2 36,622 49.8 65 years old and over 131,383 74,335 56.6 57,048 43.4

Marinduque 180,664 90,641 50.2 90,023 49.8 10 - 14 27,677 13,477 48.7 14,200 51.3 15 - 19 24,157 11,288 46.7 12,869 53.3 20 - 24 16,424 7,873 47.9 8,551 52.1 25 - 29 13,985 7,135 51.0 6,850 49.0 30 - 34 13,577 6,841 50.4 6,736 49.6 35 - 39 14,013 6,899 49.2 7,114 50.8 40 - 44 12,914 6,468 50.1 6,446 49.9 45 - 49 12,605 6,247 49.6 6,358 50.4 50 - 54 10,781 5,458 50.6 5,323 49.4 55 - 59 9,962 5,101 51.2 4,861 48.8 60 - 64 8,261 4,246 51.4 4,015 48.6 65 years old and over 16,308 9,608 58.9 6,700 41.1 Continued 76 Education Table 4.5b - Concluded Literate Age Group Women Men Total No % No %

Occidental Mindoro 349,360 169,537 48.5 179,823 51.5 10 - 14 56,333 27,104 48.1 29,229 51.9 15 - 19 47,913 23,098 48.2 24,815 51.8 20 - 24 39,670 19,101 48.1 20,569 51.9 25 - 29 33,808 16,297 48.2 17,511 51.8 30 - 34 31,118 15,012 48.2 16,106 51.8 35 - 39 28,336 13,415 47.3 14,921 52.7 40 - 44 25,607 12,176 47.5 13,431 52.5 45 - 49 22,612 10,873 48.1 11,739 51.9 50 - 54 18,455 8,749 47.4 9,706 52.6 55 - 59 14,943 7,305 48.9 7,638 51.1 60 - 64 11,150 5,615 50.4 5,535 49.6 65 years old and over 19,415 10,792 55.6 8,623 44.4

Oriental Mindoro 630,302 312,489 49.6 317,813 50.4 10 - 14 94,717 45,895 48.5 48,822 51.5 15 - 19 86,398 41,838 48.4 44,560 51.6 20 - 24 71,813 35,192 49.0 36,621 51.0 25 - 29 60,688 30,171 49.7 30,517 50.3 30 - 34 54,925 27,030 49.2 27,895 50.8 35 - 39 51,566 25,112 48.7 26,454 51.3 40 - 44 45,847 22,152 48.3 23,695 51.7 45 - 49 41,056 20,038 48.8 21,018 51.2 50 - 54 34,883 17,060 48.9 17,823 51.1 55 - 59 29,019 14,572 50.2 14,447 49.8 60 - 64 21,954 11,286 51.4 10,668 48.6 65 years old and over 37,436 22,143 59.1 15,293 40.9

Palawan 8 04,234 3 89,001 48.4 4 15,233 51.6 10 - 14 1 25,365 6 0,867 48.6 6 4,498 51.4 15 - 19 1 18,175 5 7,914 49.0 6 0,261 51.0 20 - 24 1 00,173 4 9,219 49.1 5 0,954 50.9 25 - 29 8 2,770 4 0,454 48.9 4 2,316 51.1 30 - 34 7 3,472 3 5,233 48.0 3 8,239 52.0 35 - 39 6 5,116 3 0,796 47.3 3 4,320 52.7 40 - 44 5 5,528 2 6,131 47.1 2 9,397 52.9 45 - 49 4 7,970 2 2,651 47.2 2 5,319 52.8 50 - 54 4 0,767 1 9,043 46.7 2 1,724 53.3 55 - 59 3 2,113 1 5,242 47.5 1 6,871 52.5 60 - 64 2 3,499 1 1,176 47.6 1 2,323 52.4 65 years old and over 3 9,286 2 0,275 51.6 1 9,011 48.4 Continued Education 77

Table 4.5b - Concluded Literate Age Group Women Men Total No % No %

Romblon 222,413 110,992 49.9 111,421 50.1 10 - 14 34,968 16,882 48.3 18,086 51.7 15 - 19 30,632 14,441 47.1 16,191 52.9 20 - 24 22,377 10,858 48.5 11,519 51.5 25 - 29 18,599 9,276 49.9 9,323 50.1 30 - 34 16,783 8,352 49.8 8,431 50.2 35 - 39 15,943 7,702 48.3 8,241 51.7 40 - 44 15,416 7,443 48.3 7,973 51.7 45 - 49 14,993 7,319 48.8 7,674 51.2 50 - 54 13,534 6,731 49.7 6,803 50.3 55 - 59 11,531 5,853 50.8 5,678 49.2 60 - 64 8,699 4,618 53.1 4,081 46.9 65 years old and over 18,938 11,517 60.8 7,421 39.2 78 Education

Figure 4.3 Number of Literacy of the Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Age Group and Sex, , MIMAROPA: 2015

180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 Women 60,000 Men 40,000 20,000 - 10 - 14 15 - 19 20 - 2425 - 2930 - 34 35 - 39 40 - 4445 - 49 50 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 years old and over

In 2010, the percentage of literate men was reported higher with 51.1 percent compared to literate women with 48.9 percent. The literacy percentage of men was higher in all age groups except for 60-64 years old and 65 years old and over with 49.1 percent and 44.0 percent compared to women with 50.9 percent and 56.0 percent respectively.

In 2015, the percentage of literate men was reported higher with 51.0 percent compared to literate women with 49.0 percent. The literacy percentage of men was higher in all age groups except for 60-64 years old and 65 years old and over with 49.8 percent and 43.4 percent compared to women with 50.2 percent and 56.6 percent respectively. Education 79

TABLE 4.6 Enrolment of TVET Programs by Sex and Cluster Program, MIMAROPA: CY 2016

2016 Cluster Program Women Men No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 22,351 41.5 31,553 58.5

Agriculture and Fishery 469 63.6 268 36.4 Processed Food and Beverages 2,408 76.2 753 23.8 Tourism (including Hotel and Restaurant) 6,244 70.5 2,612 29.5 Metal and Engineering 343 12.1 2,487 87.9 Garments 1,074 97.0 33 3.0 Construction 1,019 7.9 11,934 92.1 Communication/Information Technology 1,812 70.1 773 29.9 Electronics 613 21.8 2,194 78.2 Maritime 1 100.0 - - Health, Social & Other Communication 4,274 71.7 1,683 28.3 Dev't. Services Automotive and Land Transportation 414 7.4 5,152 92.6 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning 9 4.3 201 95.7 and Refrigeration Other 3,671 51.5 3,463 48.5

TVET - Technical-Vocational Educational Training Source: Technical Education and Skills Development Authority MIMAROPA

There were more women enrollees in the following cluster programs: Tourism (including Hotel and Restaurant), Health, Social & Other Communication Development Services, Processed Food and Beverages, Communication/Information Technology, Garments, Agriculture and Fisheries , Maritime, and Others.

On the other hand, there were more men enrollees in the following programs: Construction, Automotive and Land Transportation, Metal and Engineering, Electronics, 669 and Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration. 368 1,079 1,052 47 5,551 353 80 Education

TABLE 4.7 Graduates of TVET Programs by Sex and Cluster Program, MIMAROPA: SY 2016

2016 Cluster Program Women Men No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 20,964 44.6 26,048 55.4

Agriculture and Fishery 431 63.2 251 36.8 Processed Food and Beverages 2,250 76.6 689 23.4 Tourism (including Hotel and Restaurant) 4,967 71.4 1,992 28.6 Metal and Engineering 618 21.8 2,216 78.2 Garments 1,070 97.1 32 2.9 Construction 676 7.4 8,519 92.6 Communication/Information Technology 1,788 70.2 760 29.8 Electronics 1,278 42.0 1,762 58.0 Maritime 1 11.1 8 88.9 Health, Social & Other Communication 3,724 70.3 1,570 29.7 Dev't. Services Automotive and Land Transportation 377 7.6 4,556 92.4 Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning 1 1.1 89 98.9 and Refrigeration Other 3,783 51.2 3,604 48.8

TVET - Technical-Vocational Educational Training Source: Technical Education and Skills Development Authority MIMAROPA

Gender-typing of courses exists. There were more men graduates in men-dominated programs such as Construction, Automotive and Land Transportation, Metal and Engineering, Electronics, Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, and Maritime.

Meanwhile, there were more women graduates in women-dominated courses such as Tourism (including Hotel and Restaurant), Health, Social & Other Communication Development Services, Processed Food and Beverages, Communication/Information Technology, Garments, Agriculture and Fishery, and Others. 81

HEAPEACELT H AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Women's health is of immense importance due to women's inherent roles like pregnancy and childbirth. Therefore, they remain vulnerable to health risks and nutritional problems. The gender-related data on this sector provide planners, policy makers and implementers both in government and private sectors the information to guide them determine appropriate steps that can effectively address women's generally poor state of health.

Data on this chapter include contraceptive prevalence rate, infant and under-five mortality rates taken from the results of the National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) of the Philippine Statistics Authority. Data on maternal mortality rate came from the Vital Statistics Report of the PSA. Leading causes of infant and maternal mortality and victims of sexually transmitted diseases were obtained from the Department of Health - Center for Health Development MIMAROPA. This chapter also presents data on underweight children by Province and City from the National Nutrition Council, and projected life expectancy from PSA. 82

CHAPTER 5: HEALTH

List of Tables

Table 5.1 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate by Method Used, 83 MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

Table 5.2 Number of Victims of Sexually Transmitted Diseases by Type 85 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 5.3 Ten Leading Causes of Maternal Mortality, MIMAROPA: 2016 86

Table 5.4 Ten Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, MIMAROPA: 2016 87

Table 5.5 Number of Underweight Children 0-6 Years Old by Nutritional 88 Status, Sex and Province/City, MIMAROPA: 2016

Table 5.6 Projected Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex and Province, 89 MIMAROPA: 2010-2020 (Medium Series)

Table 5.7 Percentage of Young Women Age 15-24 with Comprehensive 90 Knowledge About HIV Prevention, MIMAROPA: 2017

Table 5.8 Percentage of Ever-Married Women Aged 15-49 who have ever 91 Experienced Emotional, Physical or Sexual Violence Committed by their Husband/Partner by Region: 2017

List of Figures

Figure 5.1 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate by Method Used, 84 MIMAROPA: 2013 Health 83

TABLE 5.1 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate by Method Used, MIMAROPA: 2003, 2008 and 2013

Type of Method Used 2003 2008 2013

Any Method 42.5 53.6 51.2

Modern Methods 31.0 36.1 39.7 Female Sterilization 8.7 6.4 5.9 Male Sterilization 0.3 - 0.0 Pill 13.7 22.4 23.8 IUD 3.0 3.2 2.1 Injectables 4.0 1.4 5.7 Male Condom 0.8 2.3 1.3 Mucus/Billings/Ovulation 0.3 0.3 0.0 Standard Days - - 0.0 LAM 0.3 0.0 0.5 Other Modern Methods - - 0.5

Traditional Methods 11.5 17.5 11.5 Calendar/Rhythm/Periodic Abstinence 5.3 4.3 3.6 Withdrawal 6.0 11.6 6.7 Other Traditional Methods 0.3 1.5 1.3

Not Currently Using 57.5 46.4 48.8 Note: 1. Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. 2. If more than one method is used, only the most effective method is considered in this tabulation.Any methods not shown were reported by fewer than 0.05 percent of currently married overall. 3. LAM=Lactational amenorrhea method Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2003, 2008 and 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey

Contraceptive use among currently married women aged 15-49 years old decreased by 2.4 percentage points from 53.6 percent in 2008 to 51.2 percent in 2013. Modern method of contraception increased its use by 3.6 percentage points from 36.1 percent in 2008 to 39.7 percent in 2013. Pill remained as the most preferred modern method. Traditional methods of contraception decreased by 6.0 percentage points from 17.5 percent in 2008 to 11.5 percent in 2003. Withdrawal was the most preferred traditional methods of family planning of currently married women aged 15-49 years old. 84 Health

FIGURE 5.1 Contraceptive Prevalence Rate by Method Used, MIMAROPA: 2013

48.8

39.7

11.5

Modern Methods Traditional Methods Not Currently Using

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2003, 2008 and 2013 National Demographic and Health Survey Health 85

TABLE 5.2 Number of Victims of Sexually Transmitted Diseases by Type and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2016 Type of Disease Total Women Men

Total 1,117 926 191

Gonorrhea 307 187 120 Non-Gonococcal Infections 765 701 64 Bacterial Vaginosis … … .. Trichomoniasis 45 38 7 Genital Warts … … … Genital Herpes … … … Continued

Table 5.2 - Concluded

2014 Type of Disease Total Women Men

Total 1,397 1,396 1

Gonorrhea 117 117 - Non-Gonococcal Infections 761 761 - Bacterial Vaginosis 474 474 .. Trichomoniasis 45 44 1 Genital Warts … … … Genital Herpes - - -

… - Data not available

Source: Department of Health MIMAROPA, Infectious Disease Cluster (2014 data), Regional Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit (2016 data)

Victims of sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the region decreased by 20.0 percent, from 1,397 reported cases in 2014 to 1,117 cases in 2016. Nearly all or 83.0 percent of the reported cases in 2016 were afflicted women.

In 2016, among the type of STDs, Non-Gonococcal Infections had the highest number of reported cases among women with 91.6 percent and 8.4 percent among men. 86 Health

TABLE 5.3 Ten Leading Causes of Maternal Mortality, MIMAROPA: 2016

Rate Per 100,000 Leading Cause Number Live Births

MIMAROPA 45

1. Postpartum Hemorrhage 10 18.8 2. Severe Eclampsia 8 15.1 3. Hypovolemic Shock 7 13.2 4. Septicemia 6 11.3 5. Uncontrolled hypertension 4 7.5 6. Abruptio Placenta 3 5.7 7. Uterine Atony 2 3.8 8. Hypoxic Encephalopathy 2 3.8 9. Pregnancy induced hypertension 2 3.8 10. Amniotic Fluid Embolism 1 1.9

Source: Department of Health MIMAROPA

In 2016, Postpartum Hemorrhage in pregnancy was reported as the number one leading cause of maternal mortality in MIMAROPA, with a total of 10 cases or 18 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Severe Eclampsia followed, with 8 cases or 15 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Health 87

TABLE 5.4 Ten Leading Causes of Infant Mortality, MIMAROPA: 2016

Leading Cause Number Rate Per 1,000

1. Neonatal Sepsis/Septicemia 53 1.0 2. Pneumonia 51 1.0 3. Undetermined/unknown 29 0.6 4. Prematurity 26 0.5 5. Respiratory Distress Syndrome 15 0.3 6. Fetus and Newborn affected by maternal factors & complications of labor & 15 0.3 delivery 7. Respiratrory & cardiovascular disorder 15 0.3 specific to the perinatal period 8. Congenital Anomaly 14 0.3 9. Age with severe dehydration 14 0.3 10. Intrauterine fetal distress 13 0.2

Total: 245

Source: Department of Health MIMAROPA

In 2016, Neonatal Sepsis/Septicemia was the leading cause of infant mortality in the region, with 53 cases or 1 death per 1,000 live births. Pneumonia followed, with 51 cases or about one death per 1,000 livebirth. 88 Health

TABLE 5.5 Number of Underweight Children 0-6 Years Old by Nutritional Status, Sex and Province/City, MIMAROPA: 2016

Severely Underweight Province/City Total Total Underweight Girls Boys Girls Boys

MIMAROPA 24,078 11,663 12,415 7,315 3,477 3,838

Marinduque 1,274 653 621 234 117 117 Occidental Mindoro 4,403 2,045 2,358 1,606 750 856 Oriental Mindoro 6,718 3,330 3,388 1,772 821 951 Palawan 8,541 4,128 4,413 2,851 1,355 1,496 Romblon 1,816 896 920 365 194 171

Puerto Princesa City 1,326 611 715 487 240 247

Source: Department of Health MIMAROPA, Nutrition Unit, Local Health Support Division

In 2016, the Operation Timbang (OPT) results showed that there were more underweight boys (51.6 %) than underweight girls (48.4%) in MIMAROPA.

The OPT results also showed that there were more severely underweight boys (52.5%) than severely underweight girls (47.5%).

Among the provinces and cities in the region, Palawan recorded the most number of severely underweight children at 39.0 percent. Oriental and Occidental Mindoro followed with 24.2 percent and 22.0 percent share, respectively. Health 89

TABLE 5.6 Projected Life Expectancy at Birth by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2045 (Medium Series)

Province 2015-2020 2020-2025 2025-2030 2030-2035 2035-2040 2040-2045

MIMAROPA Women 73.65 75.34 76.86 78.24 79.49 80.65 Men 68.60 70.31 71.88 73.33 74.67 75.94

Marinduque Women 71.92 73.67 75.25 76.68 77.97 79.17 Men 66.46 68.20 69.79 71.26 72.62 73.87

Occidental Mindoro Women 72.34 74.03 75.54 76.91 78.15 79.28 Men 66.72 68.45 70.04 71.49 72.84 74.08

Oriental Mindoro Women 74.07 75.71 77.16 78.43 79.58 80.63 Men 68.17 69.83 71.35 72.75 74.04 75.25

Palawan Women 72.77 74.41 75.87 77.19 78.40 79.50 Men 67.25 68.87 70.37 71.77 73.07 74.30

Romblon Women 72.65 74.30 75.78 77.12 78.32 79.42 Men 67.07 68.73 70.27 71.68 72.99 74.22

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2010 Census-Based Population Projections in collaboration with the Inter-Agency Working Group on Population Projections.

Based on the 2015-2020 projections, women are expected to live longer than men by an average of five years. Women posted an average life expectancy of 74 years compared to men at 69 years.

By 2040-2045, women would have lived up to 81 years while men up to 76 years. 90 Health

Table 5.7 Percentage of Young Women Age 15-24 with Comprehensive Knowledge About HIV Prevention, MIMAROPA: 2017

Percentage with Region knowledge about HIV Women prevention

National Capital Region 23.4 1 ,646 Cordillera Administrative Region 43.7 186 I Ilocos Region 10.7 496 II Cagayan Valley 11.0 292 III Central Luzon 20.2 874 IVA CALABARZON 25.1 1,316 MIMAROPA 22.0 231 V Bicol Region 16.1 623 VI Western Visayas 14.1 530 VII Central Visayas 16.3 577 VIII Eastern Visayas 17.9 393 IX Zamboanga Peninsula 17.3 252 X Northern Mindanao 14.3 348 XI Davao Region 27.4 397 XII SOCCSKSARGEN 20.3 363 XIII Caraga 25.0 232 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 14.2 318

Note: Knowledge about HIV prevention means knowing that consistent use of condoms during sexual intercourse and having just one uninfected faithful partner can reduce the chance of getting HIV, knowing that a healthy-looking person can have HIV, and rejecting the two most common local misconceptions about transmission or prevention of HIV

Source: National Demographic and Health Survey

In 2017, the highest percentage of young women age 15 -24 with comprehensive knowledge about HIV prevention was noted in Cordillera Administrative Region. In MIMAROPA Region, 22.0 percent of the young women are knowledgeable about HIV prevention. Health 91

Table 5.8 Percentage of Ever-Married Women Aged 15-49 Who Have Ever Experienced Emotional, Physical or Sexual Violence Committed by Their Husband/Partner, MIMAROPA: 2017 Physical and Emotional Physical Sexual Region Sexual Violence Violence Violence Violence

National Capital Region 10.0 9.0 1.6 1.1 Cordillera Administrative Region 12.3 8.7 3.1 2.1 I Ilocos Region 24.7 19.0 6.3 5.1 II Cagayan Valley 16.6 13.4 5.6 4.6 III Central Luzon 11.9 8.5 3.7 2.9 IVA CALABARZON 15.4 12.5 3.6 2.9 MIMAROPA 20.9 13.9 5.2 3.7 V Bicol Region 33.0 24.2 11.9 8.7 VI Western Visayas 25.1 14.8 5.5 4.4 VII Central Visayas 33.7 14.5 6.0 4.2 VIII Eastern Visayas 35.0 22.6 8.9 6.8 IX Zamboanga Peninsula 38.7 15.3 9.2 5.3 X Northern Mindanao 18.2 12.0 4.2 3.6 XI Davao Region 19.6 15.7 4.0 3.6 XII SOCCSKSARGEN 23.6 11.0 7.1 3.3 XIII Caraga 44.7 22.6 14.9 9.5 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 5.3 2.9 1.0 0.6 Continued 92 Health

Table 5.8 - Concluded Physical, Physical or Physical or Sexual and Sexual or Region Sexual Emotional Emotional Violence Violence Violence

National Capital Region 0.7 9.5 15.6 Cordillera Administrative Region 1.5 9.6 16.0 I Ilocos Region 3.6 20.2 33.1 II Cagayan Valley 3.1 14.4 20.6 III Central Luzon 2.3 9.3 15.4 IVA CALABARZON 1.9 13.1 22.5 MIMAROPA 2.3 15.4 27.2 V Bicol Region 6.9 27.4 43.4 VI Western Visayas 3.5 15.9 30.6 VII Central Visayas 4.1 16.3 38.0 VIII Eastern Visayas 5.0 24.7 43.2 IX Zamboanga Peninsula 4.5 19.3 43.4 X Northern Mindanao 2.6 12.6 22.6 XI Davao Region 2.9 16.0 26.9 XII SOCCSKSARGEN 2.2 14.8 29.8 XIII Caraga 7.5 28.0 51.8

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 0.5 3.3 6.7 Source: National Demographic and Health Survey

Based on Table 5.8, in MIMAROPA region, there are 20.9 percent ever-married women age 15 to 49 who have experienced emotional violence, 13.9 encountered physical violence while 5.2 percent were victims of sexual violence. Moreover, 3.7 percent of ever-married women experienced both physical and sexual violence while 2.3 percent happened to be victims of the three kinds of violence. 93

SOCIAPEACEL ANDWEL FARE HUMAN RIGHTS

The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) is the government arm through which welfare services are extended to the disadvantaged sectors of society. These so called disadvantaged sectors of society are, in most cases, comprised of women and children. In this regard, government planners and policy makers need to consider gender sensitivity in formulating and delivering social welfare services. Hence, the data reflected here will amply help them better attune their approaches to gender concerns.

This chapter contains data on number of women in especially difficult situations, children in need of special protection, trafficked victims served and beneficiaries of various programs/projects of the DSWD. 94

CHAPTER 6: SOCIAL WELFARE

List of Tables

Table 6.1 Distribution of Women in Especially Difficult Circumstances 95 (WEDC) Served Through Community-Based Social Welfare Programs/Projects by Case Category, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 6.2 Number of Cases of Child Abuse Served Through Community 96 Based Social Welfare Programs/Projects by Type of Abuse and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 6.3 Number of Trafficked Victims Served Through Crisis Intervention 97 Unit (CIU) by Sex and Place of Origin, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 6.4 Number of Beneficiaries of Sustainable Livelihood 98 Program (SLP) by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

List of Figures

Figure 6.1 Number of Beneficiaries of Sustainable Livelihood 98 Program (SLP) by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2016 Social Welfare 95

TABLE 6.1 Distribution of Women in Especially Difficult Circumstances (WEDC) Served Through Community-Based Social Welfare Programs/Projects by Case Category, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Case Category No. % No. % No. %

Total 199 - 41 - 358 -

Sexually Abused (Rape and ------Incest) Physically Abused/Maltreated - 12 29.3 - Victims of Trafficking 4 2.0 13 31.7 2 0.6 Victims of Illegal Recruitment - - - Abandoned - - - Economically Abused - 2 4.9 - Balik Probinsya - 1 2.4 - In Crisis 163 81.9 1 2.4 343 95.8 Referral - 11 26.8 - Overseas Filipino Worker - - - Solo Parent - - - Victims of Armed Conflict - - - Persons with Disability - - - Other Needy Adults - - - Senior Citizen 32 16.1 1 2.4 13 3.6

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development MIMAROPA

The number of women in especially difficult circumstances (WEDC) served by the DSWD through its community based programs/projects substantialy increased by 88.5 percent from 41 in 2015 to 358 in 2016.

WEDC cases served in 2016 were in crisis (95.81 percent), senior citizen (3.6 percent) and victims of trafficking (0.6 percent). 96 Social Welfare

TABLE 6.2 Number of Cases of Child Abuse Served Through Community Based Social Welfare Programs/Projects by Type of Abuse and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Type of Abuse Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys Total Girls Boys

Total 36 20 16 12 11 1 39 21 18

Abandoned 7 2 5 - - - 2 - 2 Neglected - - - 4 3 1 16 7 9 Surrendered 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - Sexually Abused 11 11 - 6 6 - 14 13 1 Sexually Exploited ------Physically Abused 10 4 6 - - - 7 1 6 Children in Situation/ Involved in Armed ------Conflict Child Labor ------Child Trafficking - - - 1 1 - - - - Children with Disability 7 2 5 ------Children in Conflict ------with the Law Others (children in various disability, ------orphan, street children, etc.) Illegal Recruitment ------

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development MIMAROPA

A total of 39 children in need of special protection was served by DSWD in 2016. This is higher by 27 cases compared with twelve cases in 2015. In 2016, most of these children were neglected (41.0 percent) and sexually abused (35.9 percent) children.

In 2016, almost half or 53.8 percent of the children served and protected were girls. Boys acccounted for 46.2 percent. Social Welfare 97

TABLE 6.3 Number of Trafficked Victims Served Through Crisis Intervention Unit (CIU) by Sex and Place of Origin, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Region/Province Total Women Men Total Women Men Total Women Men

MIMAROPA 4 4 - 54 13 41 3 2 1

Marinduque - - - 1 - 1 - - - Occidental Mindoro 1 1 - - - - 2 1 1 Oriental Mindoro 1 1 - 2 2 - - - - Palawan - - - 1 1 - - - - Romblon 2 2 - 50 10 40 1 1 -

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development MIMAROPA

The number of trafficked victims served by the DSWD decreased to three cases from 54 cases in 2015. The three cases of trafficked victim came from Occidental Mindoro (2 cases) and Romblon (1 case). 98 Social Welfare

TABLE 6.4 Number of Beneficiaries of Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

2016 2015 Region/Province Total Women Men Total Women Men

MIMAROPA 8,791 5,773 3,018 16,760 13,172 3,588

Marinduque 775 672 103 1,132 1,067 65 Occidental Mindoro 1,225 569 656 1,648 1,348 300 Oriental Mindoro 677 368 309 2,721 2,285 436 Palawan 4,308 3,180 1,128 9,051 6,971 2,080 Romblon 1,806 984 822 2,208 1,501 707

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development MIMAROPA

FIGURE 6.1 Number of Beneficiaries of Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 3,180

Women 1,128 984 Men 672 656 822 569 368 103 309

Marinduque Occidental Oriental Palawan Romblon Mindoro Mindoro

Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development MIMAROPA

A total of 8,791 beneficiaries of Sustainable Livelihood Program (SLP) in the region was served by DSWD in 2016.

In 2016, majority or 65.7 percent of the total beneficiaries were women. Men accounted for 34.3 percent. Among provinces, Palawan recorded the most number of beneficiaries at 49.0 percent. 99

PUBPEACELI C ANDLIFE HUMAN RIGHTS

The exposure of women to roles which in the past were solely assumed by men can now be observed. Their participation in government service, politics and in other decision- making structures in the region has increased. However, their participation remains low when compared with men. In politics, for instance, their number is marginal. Nevertheless, the data reflected here sufficiently prove that women possess the potential to be at par with men. These can motivate them to actively engage in functions that empower them to contribute in development processes.

This chapter contains data on number of registered voters and voter's turnout by province, women and men politicians in the region by position and justice professionals. Data on women and men government personnel by major subdivision and level of position are also included. Data sources are: COMELEC, DILG, PAO and CSC. 100

CHAPTER 7: PUBLIC LIFE

List of Tables

Table 7.1 Number of Registered Voters and Voter's Turnout by Sex 101 and Province, MIMAROPA: 2013 and 2016

Table 7.2 Number of Elected Government Officials in National and Local 102 Elections by Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2013 - 2016

Table 7.3 Number of Justice Professionals in Government by Type of 104 Profession and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 7.4 Number of Government Personnel by Major Subdivision of Service 105 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Table 7.5 Number of Government Career Personnel by Level of Position and 106 Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

List of Figures

Figure 7.1 Proportion of Elected Government Officials in National and Local 103 Elections by Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 7.2 Proportion of Justice Professionals in Government by Type of 104 Profession and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 7.3 Number of Government Personnel by Major Subdivision of Service 105 and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 7.4 Number of Government Career Personnel by Level of Position and 106 Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 Public Life 101

TABLE 7.1 Number of Registered Voters and Voter's Turnout by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2013 and 2016

Reference Registered Voters Voter's Turnout (%) Period/Region/ Total Men Women Total Men Women Province

2016 MIMAROPA 1,589,326 785,922 803,404 81.6 80.4 82.7

Marinduque 136,110 65,192 70,918 86.7 86.3 87.1 Occidental Mindoro 249,734 124,269 125,465 80.1 78.9 81.3 Oriental Mindoro 445,216 216,587 228,629 81.5 81.2 81.9 Palawan 583,057 293,963 289,094 80.8 79.1 82.5 Romblon 175,209 85,911 89,298 82.2 80.9 83.6

2013 MIMAROPA 1,552,520 780,143 772,377 77.2 76.0 78.4

Marinduque 129,954 62,338 67,616 82.9 82.2 83.5 Occidental Mindoro 246,536 125,640 120,896 77.6 76.2 73.2 Oriental Mindoro 419,629 207,589 212,040 79.2 78.4 79.7 Palawan 582,146 298,964 283,182 73.9 72.5 75.5 Romblon 174,255 85,612 88,643 78.6 78.1 79.2

Source: Commission on Elections

There were more women with 803, 404 registered voters than men with 785, 922 in the 2016 national and local elections, but voter's turnout was higher for women at 82.7 percent compared to men at 80.4 percent.

On the other hand, there were more men with 780, 143 registered voters than women with 772, 377 in the 2013 national and local elections. Voter's turnout was higher for women at 78.4 percent compared to men at 76.0 percent. 102 Public Life

TABLE 7.2 Number of Elected Government Officials in National and Local Elections by Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2013 and 2016

2016 MIMAROPA Total Women Men

Number of Women and Men Politicians by Position 798 167 631

Congresspersons 8 1 7 Governors 5 1 4 Vice Governors 5 0 5 Board Members 46 8 38 Mayors 73 23 50 Vice Mayors 73 10 63 Councilors 588 124 464 Continued

Table 7.2 - Concluded

2013 MIMAROPA Total Women Men

Number of Women and Men Politicians by Position 797 152 645

Congresspersons 8 2 6 Governors 5 1 4 Vice Governors 5 0 5 Board Members 46 12 34 Mayors 73 16 57 Vice Mayors 73 9 64 Councilors 587 112 475

Source: Department of Interior and Local Government MIMAROPA

In MIMAROPA, women politicians increased by 9.9 percent from 152 in 2013 to 167 in 2016. On the other hand, men politician in the local politics decreased by 2.2 percent from 645 in 2013 to 631 in 2016.

Women's participation in local politics has increased in the number of women holding councilor and congressional positions.

FIGURE 7.1 Proportion of Elected Government Officials in Public Life 103

FIGURE 7.1 Proportion of Elected Government Officials in National and Local Elections by Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Women Men

Councilors 21.1 78.9

Vice Mayors 13.7 86.3

Mayors 31.5 68.5

Board Members 17.4 82.6

Vice Governors 100.0

Governors 20.0 80.0

Congresspersons 12.5 87.5

Source: Department of Interior and Local Government MIMAROPA

Men politicians dominated all electoral positions in 2016, but largely in vice- gubernatorial, congressional, vice mayoral, board members, and gubernatorial positions.

On the other hand, a half proportion of women politicians were noted in mayoral and councilor. 104 Public Life

TABLE 7.3 Number of Justice Professionals in Government by Type of Profession and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Type of Profession Total Total Total Women Men Women Men Women Men

Total 97 44 53 107 51 56 120 56 64

Government Lawyer 26 10 16 27 11 16 29 15 14 Prosecutor 32 22 10 36 24 12 42 23 19 Judge 39 12 27 44 16 28 49 18 31 Source: Supreme Court, Public Attorney's Office, Prosecution's Office

FIGURE 7.2 Proportion of Justice Professionals in Government by Type of Profession and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Judges 36.7 63.3

Women Prosecutors 54.8 45.2 Men

Government Lawyers 51.7 48.3

Source: Supreme Court, Public Attorney's Office, Prosecution's Office

In 2016, 46.7 percent of the justice professionals in the region were women and 53.3 were men.

Women government lawyers comprised 51.7 percent, while women prosecutors and judges shared 54.8 percent and 36.7 percent, respectively in 2016. Public Life 105

TABLE 7.4 Number of Government Personnel by Major Subdivision of Service and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

2016 2015 Category of Service Women Men Women Men

Total 12,894 10,711 15,059 17,541

National Agencies (NGAs) 6,097 3,366 1,555 3,852 Government Owned and Controlled 34 88 2,821 860 Corporations (GOCCs) Local Government Units (LGUs) 5,865 6,246 8,717 10,776 State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) 898 1,011 1,966 2,053

Source: Civil Service Commission

FIGURE 7.3 Number of Government Personnel by Major Subdivision of Service and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 6,097 6,246 5,865

Women Men 3,366

1,011 898 34 88

NGAs GOCCs LGUs SUCs

Source: Civil Service Commission

The number of government personnel by major subdivisions of service decreased by 27.6 percent from 32,600 in 2015 to 23,605 in 2016.

In 2016, among the major subdivisions of service, women dominated the NGAs comprising of 64.4 percent of the total number of personnel. Meanwhile, GOCCs, LGUs and SUCs were dominated by men with 72.1 percent, 51.6 percent and 53.0 percent shares, respectively. 106 Public Life

TABLE 7.5 Number of Government Career Personnel by Level of Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Level of Position Women Men Women Men Women Men

Total 13,457 16,356 14,073 19,018 14,099 17,345

First Level 4,133 6,677 4,105 7,161 4,447 7,418 Second Level 3,158 2,433 3,164 2,402 3,198 2,423 Third Level 16 27 15 25 15 23 Non-Executive Career 121 294 114 297 120 295 Job Order 3,869 4,665 4,134 5,591 4,106 4,835 Contract of Service 2,160 2,260 2,541 3,542 2,213 2,351

Source: Civil Service Commission

FIGURE 7.4 Proportion of Government Career Personnel by Level of Position and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

Women Men Contract of Service 48.5 51.5

Job Order 45.9 54.1

Non-Executive Career 28.9 71.1

Third Level 39.5 60.5

Second Level 56.9 43.1

First Level 37.5 62.5

Source: Civil Service Commission

In 2016, more than half or 55.2 percent of government personnel in the region were men.

There were more men than women government personnel occupying first level (62.5%), third level (60.5%), non-executive career (71.1%), job order (54.1%) and contract of service (51.5%) positions. On the other hand, more women than men were holding second level (56.9%) position in 2016. 107

PEAPEACECE A ANDND HUHUMANMAN RIGH RIGHTSTS

Development is sustained when peace is maintained. However, experience shows that development is at times hampered due to discordant events. Cases of social unrest arise from violations of human rights and commission of crimes where in most instances, women are helpless victims. In this light, gender statistics on peace and human rights is gathered to help law enforcers and peacekeepers improve their efforts by aligning priorities in favor of women protection and encouraging women participation.

This chapter contains data on number of index and non-index crimes by province; number of index crimes by type; number of women and men in peacekeeping by province; number of clients assisted by the Commission on Human Rights (CHR); number of children in conflict with the law; and number of women inmates at Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) Jails. Data were taken from the PNP, BJMP, and Parole and Probation Administration (PPA). 108

CHAPTER 8: PEACE AND HUMAN RIGHTS

List of Tables

Table 8.1 Number of Index and Non-index Crimes by Province, MIMAROPA: 109 2014-2016

Table 8.2 Number of Index Crimes by Type, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016 110

Table 8.3 Number of Peacekeeping Personnel by Sex, Province and Office, 112 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 8.4 Jail Population by Sex and Classification, 114 MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 8.5 Number of Detained Children in Conflict with the Law 116 by Type of Crime Committed and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 8.6 Number of Women Inmates in BJMP Jails by Type of Crime 117 Committed, MIMAROPA: 2016

List of Figures

Figure 8.1 Distribution of Index Crimes by Type, MIMAROPA: 2016 111

Percentage Distribution of Jail Population by Sex Figure 8.2 and Classification, MIMAROPA: 2015 115 Peace and Human Rights 109

TABLE 8.1 Number of Index and Non-index Crimes by Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Non-Index Province Index Crimes Total Crimes 2014 MIMAROPA 5,124 4,736 9,860

Marinduque 394 740 1,134 Occidental Mindoro 942 866 1,808 Oriental Mindoro 1,412 1,079 2,491 Palawan 1,964 1,639 3,603 Romblon 412 412 824

2015 MIMAROPA 3,187 5,199 8,386

Marinduque 227 783 1,010 Occidental Mindoro 558 810 1,368 Oriental Mindoro 758 1,552 2,310 Palawan 1,337 1,732 3,069 Romblon 307 322 629

2016 MIMAROPA 2,145 4,937 7,082

Marinduque 90 503 593 Occidental Mindoro 332 590 922 Oriental Mindoro 540 1,383 1,923 Palawan 980 1,554 2,534 Romblon 203 907 1,110

Source: Police Regional Office MIMAROPA

The reported index crimes in MIMAROPA decreased by 32.7 percent from 3,187 cases in 2015 to 2,145 cases in 2016. On the other hand, the reported non-index crimes also decreased by five percent from 5,199 cases in 2015 to 4,937 in 2016.

Reported cases of crimes are lowest in Marinduque. There was more index crime in Palawan with 980 cases in 2016. Similarly reported cases of non-index crime, also Palawan is highest with 1, 554 cases. 110 Peace and Human Rights

TABLE 8.2 Number of Index Crimes by Type, MIMAROPA: 2015-2016

Type of Crime 2016 2015

Total 2,145 3,184

Crime vs Person 1,236 1,519

Physical Injuries 695 960

Murder 193 176

Homicide 69 62

Rape 279 321

Crime vs Property 909 1,665

Robbery 309 549

Theft 439 829

Carnapping 158 258

Cattle Rustling 3 29

Source: Police Regional Office MIMAROPA

Total number index crimes reported to the police decreased by 32.6 percent from 3,184 in 2015 to 2,145 in 2016.

Decreases were observed among all types of index crime except for murder and homicide that posted an increase of 9.7 percent and 11.3 percent, respectively from 2015 to 2016.

FIGURE 8.1 Distribution of Index Crimes by Type, Peace and Human Rights 111

FIGURE 8.1 Distribution of Index Crimes by Type, MIMAROPA: 2016 Homicide 3.2% Cattle Rustling Carnapping 0.1% 7.4% Physical Injuries 32.4% Murder 9.0%

Rape 13.0%

Robbery Theft 14.4% 20.5%

Source: Police Regional Office MIMAROPA

Physical injuries comprised the biggest proportion or 32.4 percent of the total reported index crimes in the region in 2016. Theft followed at 20.5 percent.

On the other hand, cattle rustling had the least share at 0.1 percent. 112 Peace and Human Rights

TABLE 8.3 Number of Peacekeeping Personnel by Sex, Province and Office, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 Province Women Men No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 831 19.7 3394 80.3

Regional Headquarters 47 29.2 114 70.8 Regional Headquarters Support Group 101 26.7 277 73.3 Regional Public Safety Batallion (RPSB) 22 4.6 458 95.4

Marinduque 47 18.0 214 82.0 Occidental Mindoro 94 16.8 464 83.2 Oriental Mindoro 159 18.3 708 81.7 Palawan 168 24.4 521 75.6 Romblon 87 19.1 369 80.9

Puerto Princesa City Police Office 106 28.3 269 71.7 Continued

Table 8.3 - Continued

2015 Province Women Men No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 830 18.6 3640 81.4

Regional Headquarters 52 31.0 116 69.0 Regional Headquarters Support Group 33 5.2 596 94.8 Regional Public Safety Batallion (RPSB) 61 11.5 469 88.5

Marinduque 44 20.9 167 79.1 Occidental Mindoro 119 19.9 478 80.1 Oriental Mindoro 157 18.3 701 81.7 Palawan 173 25.8 497 74.2 Romblon 85 19.8 344 80.2

Puerto Princesa City Police Office 106 28.0 272 72.0 Continued Peace and Human Rights 113

Table 8.3 - Concluded

2016 Province Women Men No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 979 20.7 3757 79.3

Regional Headquarters 60 29.4 144 70.6 Regional Headquarters Support Group 194 27.8 503 72.2 Regional Public Safety Batallion (RPSB) 63 11.1 507 88.9

Marinduque 40 16.8 198 83.2 Occidental Mindoro 119 20.5 461 79.5 Oriental Mindoro 142 17.6 666 82.4 Palawan 152 21.7 547 78.3 Romblon 94 20.3 368 79.7

Puerto Princesa City Police Office 115 24.1 363 75.9

Source: Police Regional Office MIMAROPA

In 2016, there were more men with 79.3 percent or 3,757 than women with only 20.7 percent or 979 peacekeeping personnel in the region. The province of Palawan including Puerto Princesa City has the highest number of peacekeeping personnel with 24.9 percent or a total of 1,177 personnel. 114 Peace and Human Rights

TABLE 8.4 Jail Population by Sex and Classification, MIMAROPA: 2015

2015 Classification Women Men Total No % No %

MIMAROPA

Sentenced 11 - - 11 100.0

Adult 11 - - 11 100.0 Minor - - - - -

Detained 872 53 6.1 819 93.9

Adult 868 53 6.1 815 93.9 Minor 4 - - 4 100.0

Total 883 53 6.0 830 94.0

Adult 879 53 6.0 826 94.0 Minor 4 - - 4 100.0 Source: Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

In 2015, the jail population in the region reached 883 wherein 830 were men and 53 were women. Out of 830 men, 826 were adult while 4 were minor. Meanwhile, no minor women were sentenced or detained and all 53 recorded were adult. Peace and Human Rights 115

FIGURE 8.2 Percentage Distribution of Jail Population by Sex, MIMAROPA: 2015

Men Women

6%

94%

Source: Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

In 2015, 94% of the jail population are men while 6% are women detainees. 116 Peace and Human Rights

TABLE 8.5 Number of Detained Children in Conflict with the Law by Type of Crime Committed and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Type of Crime Committed Total Girls Boys

2014 Total 10 1 9

Murder 0 0 0 Theft 1 1 0 Robbery 3 0 3 Others 6 0 6

2015 Total 15 3 12

Murder 1 0 1 Theft 4 1 3 Robbery 4 2 2 Others 6 0 6

2016 Total 14 2 12

Murder 3 0 3 Theft 3 1 2 Robbery 0 0 0 Others 8 1 7

Source: Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

The number of detained children in conflict with the law increased by 40.0 percent from 10 in 2014 to 14 in 2016.

In 2016, more crimes were committed by boys with 85.7 percent than women with only 14.29 percent. Peace and Human Rights 117

TABLE 8.6 Number of Women Inmates in BJMP Jails by Type of Crime Committed, MIMAROPA: 2016

Type of Crime Committed Number %

Total 90 100.0

Rape 1 1.1

Murder 4 4.4

Homicide 0 0.0

Drug-related 57 63.3

Theft 2 2.2

Robbery 1 1.1

Others 25 27.8

Source: Bureau of Jail Management and Penology MIMAROPA

In 2016, majority or 63.3 percent of the crimes committed by women inmates in BJMP Jails were drug-related. 118

VIOLPEACEENCE AND AG AINST WHUMANOMEN & RIGHTSCHILDREN

Women and children are potential victims of specific kinds of violence on account of their socially constructed role, for women as the "weaker sex", and for children being dependents of their parents or other adults. It is a major issue that cuts across cultures, religions, classes and regional boundaries. They are continuously exposed to violence in their homes, in the streets, in their schools and in their workplaces.

From the childhood "games" of boys peeping at girls to various acts of lasciviousness, from seduction to abduction, from molestation to wife beating, from prostitution to rape - all these are crimes that specially apply only to women, with very few exceptions. Data in this sector signals to the government and all sectors concerned to take urgent moves to address the issue.

This chapter provides data on the reported cases of violence against women and children in the region by classification of offense and place of occurrence. Provincial data on the number of cases of violence against women and children are also presented. Data were taken from the Philippine National Police Regional Office MIMAROPA. 119

CHAPTER 9: VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND CHILDREN

List of Tables

Table 9.1 Cases of Violence Against Women by Classification of Offense, 120 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 9.2 Cases of Violence Against Children by Classification of Offense, 122 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 9.3 Cases of Violence Against Children by Place of Occurrence and 124 Province/City, MIMAROPA: 2016

List of Figures

Figure 9.1 Number of Cases of Violence Against Women 121 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Figure 9.2 Number of Cases of Violence Against Children 123 MIMAROPA: 2014-2016 120 Violence Against Women and Children

TABLE 9.1 Cases of Violence Against Women by Classification of Offense, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Classification of Offense No. % No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 557 100.0 592 100.0 632 100.0

Rape 82 14.7 63 10.6 87 13.8 Attempted Rape 27 4.8 21 3.5 - - Acts of Lasciviousness 27 4.8 34 5.7 49 7.8 Physical Injuries/Maltreatment 24 4.3 13 2.2 5 0.8 Concubinage 6 1.1 7 1.2 8 1.3 Homicide/Murder 14 2.5 8 1.4 4 0.6 Attempted/Frustrated Homicide 8 1.4 9 1.5 - - Attempted/Frustrated Murder 6 1.1 9 1.5 - - Attempted/Frustrated Parricide ------Threats 7 1.3 5 0.8 2 0.3 Oral Defamation - - 4 0.7 2 0.3 Alarm and Scandal ------Illegal Recruitment ------Robbery/Theft 50 9.0 44 7.4 29 4.6 Unjust Vexation 1 0.2 2 0.3 2 0.3 Mauling ------Slander 2 0.4 - - 2 0.3 Harrassment ------Sexual Abuse ------Damage to Property ------Abduction 3 0.5 - - - - Violation of RA 9262 (VAWC) 290 52.1 361 61.0 430 68.0 RA 9208 4 0.7 6 1.0 5 0.8 Stabbing ------Trespass - - - - 2 0.3 Voyeurism (RA 9995) ------Sexual Harassment - - - - 3 0.5 Parricide 6 1.1 6 1.0 2 0.3 Forcible Abduction ------Source: Philippine National Police

The cases of violence against women by classification offense increased by 6.8 percent from 592 in 2015 to 632 in 2016.

In 2016, among the cases of VAW in the region, Violation of RA 9262 (VAWC) recorded the most number of cases with 68.0 percent.

FIGURE 9.1 Number of Cases of Violence Against Women, Violence Against Women and Children 121

FIGURE 9.1 Number of Cases of Violence Against Women, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016 632

592

557

2014 2015 2016

Source: Philippine National Police 122 Violence Against Women and Children

TABLE 9.2 Cases of Violence Against Children by Classification of Offense, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 2015 2016 Classification of Offense No. % No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 694 100.0 678 100.0 570 100.0

Rape 267 38.5 253 37.3 235 41.2 Incestuous Rape 12 1.7 19 2.8 - - Attempted Rape 19 2.7 23 3.4 - - Sexual Harassment - - - - 1 0.2 Acts of Lasciviousness 74 10.7 53 7.8 20 3.5 Physical Injuries/Maltreatment 33 4.8 28 4.1 3 0.5 Abduction/Kidnapping 12 1.7 6 0.9 2 0.4 Violation of RA 9208 (TIP) 4 0.6 4 0.6 4 0.7 Anti-Pornography (RA 9775) - - - - 2 0.4 Child Prostitution ------Attempt to Commit Child Trafficking ------Qualified Seduction - - - - 1 0.2 Simple Seduction - - - - 4 0.7 Consented Abduction - - - - 1 0.2 Forcible Abduction 12 1.7 6 0.9 - - Statutory Rape 30 4.3 13 1.9 - - Attempted/Frustrated Murder 9 1.3 6 0.9 - - Homicide ------Attempted/Frustrated Homicide 17 2.4 10 1.5 0.0 RA 7610 (Physical and Emotional Abuse) 179 25.8 222 32.7 273 47.9 Violation of RA 9262 17 2.4 23 3.4 17 3.0 Parricide 4 0.6 2 0.3 - - Infantcide ------Theft/Robbery 1 0.1 7 1.0 1 0.2 Oral Defamation - - - - 1 0.2 Abandonment/Neglect 1 0.1 - - - - Mauling ------Unjust Vexation 2 0.3 1 0.1 4 0.7 Inducing a Minor to Abandoned Home ------Peeping ------Seduction 1 0.1 2 0.3 - - Threat - - - - 1 0.2 Anti-Hazing Law ------Shooting ------Bullying ------Source: Philippine National Police

The number of cases of violence against children in the region significantly declined by 15.9 percent from 678 in 2015 to 570 in 2016. Violence Against Women and Children 123

694

FIGURE 9.2 Number of Cases of Violence Against Children, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

694 678

570

2014 2015 2016

Source: Philippine National Police 124 Violence Against Women and Children

TABLE 9.3 Cases of Violence Against Children by Place of Occurrence and Province/City, MIMAROPA: 2016

Place of Occurrence Province Public Private Total Home School Places Places

MIMAROPA 603 431 137 22 13

Marinduque 36 21 12 2 1 Occidental Mindoro 84 60 19 1 4 Oriental Mindoro 166 129 32 4 1 Palawan 140 97 35 6 2 Romblon 89 66 16 4 3

Calapan City 33 20 11 1 1 Puerto Princesa City 55 38 12 4 1

Source: Philippine National Police

Majority or 71.5 percent of the cases of violence against children in the region occurred at home.

Among the five provinces, excluding the two cities (Calapan City and Puerto Princesa City) in the region, Oriental Mindoro recorded the highest cases of violence against children. 125

ENVIRONMENPEACE AND T HUMAN RIGHTS

The increasing participation of women in environment-related activities has underscored several issues and concerns, resulting in a heightened need for appropriate government interventions. Among these pressing concerns include the adverse effects on women in their capacities as: (a) gatherers of fuel, water and food; (b) producer and in-charge of consumption needs; (c) household waste managers; (d) care givers for the sick and those with disabilities; and (e) in their reproductive roles. Another is the limited access of women in the distribution of patents. Data available in this sector will greatly help in identifying specific issues and programs which will address these concerns.

Data included in this chapter are number of business owners/operators who applied for clearance from the EMB and number of patentees by type, area of patents awarded, and average area awarded per patentee of the DENR. 126

CHAPTER 10: ENVIRONMENT

List of Tables

Table 10.1 Number of Women and Men Business Owners/Operators 127 Who Applied for Clearance by Type and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Table 10.2 Number of Patentees by Type, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 131 2014-2016

List of Figures

Figure 10.1 Number of Women and Men Business Owners/Operators Who 130 Applied for Clearance by Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2016

Figure 10.2 Number of Patentees by Type and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016 132 Environment 127

TABLE 10.1 Number of Women and Men Business Owners/Operators Who Applied for Clearance by Type and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

2014 Province/Type of Permit Women Men

MIMAROPA

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 20 82 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 87 283

Marinduque

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 1 7 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 0 20

Occidental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 5 16 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 46 80

Oriental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 3 24 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 16 58

Palawan

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 10 31 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 21 111

Romblon

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 1 4 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) 4 14 Continued 128 Environment

Table 10.1 - Continued

2015 Province/Type of Permit Women Men

MIMAROPA

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 18 52 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Marinduque

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 0 0 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Occidental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 5 20 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Oriental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 3 8 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Palawan

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 6 18 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Romblon

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 4 6 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … … Continued Environment 129

Table 10.1 - Concluded

2016 Province/Type of Permit Women Men

MIMAROPA

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 96 206 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Marinduque

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 2 6 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Occidental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 20 41 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Oriental Mindoro

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 21 50 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Palawan

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 41 74 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Romblon

Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) 12 35 Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) … …

Note: … data not available CNC application and processing from 2015-2016 were transferred to EMB Central Office.

Source: Environmental Management Bureau

In 2016, there were more men with 68.2 percent or 206 than women with only 31.8 or 96 business owners/operators applied for Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) in the region.

On the other hand, men recorded the most number of business owners/operators applied for Certificate of Non-Coverage (CNC) at 76.5 percent or 283 in 2014. 130 Environment

FIGURE 10.1 Number of Women and Men Business Owners/Operators Who Applied for Clearance by Type and Province, MIMAROPA: 2016 74

Women Men 50 41 41 35

20 21 12 6 2

Marinduque Occidental Mindoro Oriental Mindoro Palawan Romblon

Source: Environmental Management Bureau Environment 131

TABLE 10.2 Number of Patentees by Type, Sex and Province, MIMAROPA: 2014-2016

Province/Type of 2014 2015 2016 Patent Women Men Women Men Women Men

MIMAROPA 3,986 5,065 2,047 2,500 1,098 1,138 Regular 1,927 2,198 963 1,162 915 911 CARP 2,059 2,867 1,084 1,338 183 227

Marinduque 247 291 136 139 225 221 Regular 113 167 89 82 164 157 CARP 134 124 47 57 61 64

Occidental Mindoro 683 818 299 370 533 548 Regular 471 460 138 148 411 385 CARP 212 358 161 222 122 163

Oriental Mindoro 331 806 824 1,030 163 211 Regular 166 382 342 422 163 211 CARP 165 424 482 608 … …

Palawan 2,337 2,793 788 961 … … Regular 982 1,018 394 510 … … CARP 1,355 1,775 394 451 … …

Romblon 388 357 … … 177 158 Regular 195 171 … … 177 158 CARP 193 186 … … … …

Note: 1. Patents include free and miscellaneous sales patents. 2. Regular patents include residential, industrial and commercial lands 3. CARP - Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources MIMAROPA

The total number of patentees reported in the region decreased by 52.8 percent from 4,547 in 2015 to 2,236 in 2016.

In 2016, among the provinces, Occidental Mindoro recorded the most number of patentees with 48.3 percent and Romblon recorded lowest with 15. 0 percent.

FIGURE 10.2 Number of Patentees by Type and Sex, 132 Environment

FIGURE 10.2 Number of Patentees by Type and Sex, MIMAROPA: 2016

915 911

Women Men

227 183

Regular Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)

Source: Department of Environment and Natural Resources MIMAROPA 133

Female migration has continued to grow and they have become a prominent feature of Filipino migration and wider international mobility. Although laws regarding the admission of migrant workers are generally gender neutral, the demand for domestic workers, nurses, and entertainers focuses on the recruitment of migrant women. However, some Filipino women working overseas have been raped and sexually abused and harassed. Some workers have been forced to work in slave- like conditions. Others have been arrested from alleged criminal activities and denied due process of law, in some cases suffering harsh punishments. The data presented in this sector will significantly help in identifying specific issues and programs which will address these concerns.

Data included in this chapter are number of overseas workers 15 years old and over, distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs), and percentage distribution of Overseas Contract Workers (OCWs). 134

CHAPTER 11: MIGRATION

Table 11.1 Overseas Workers 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, Province and 135 City in MIMAROPA: 2015

Table 11.2 Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers by Sex, Region and 136 Philippines: 2016 and 2015

Table 11.3 Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers by Sex and Region 2017 137

Table 11.4 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers 138 by Sex, Region: 2015 (In Percent)

Table 11.5 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers 139 by Sex, Region: 2016 (In Percent)

Table 11.6 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers 140 by Sex, Region: 2017 (In Percent) Migration 135

Table 11.1 Overseas Workers 15 Years Old and Over by Sex, Province and City in MIMAROPA: 2015 2015 PROVINCE Women Men Total No. % No. %

MIMAROPA 31,831 15,266 4 8.0 16,565 5 2.0

Marinduque 3,559 1,274 3 5.8 2,285 6 4.2 Occidental Mindoro 5,034 2,525 5 0.2 2,509 4 9.8 Oriental Mindoro 12,907 6,925 5 3.7 5,982 4 6.3 Palawan 2,342 1,087 4 6.4 1,255 5 3.6 Romblon 2,747 1,092 3 9.8 1,655 6 0.2

Calapan City 3,579 1667 4 6.6 1912 5 3.4 Puerto Princesa City 1,663 696 4 1.9 967 5 8.1

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2015 Census of Population

In 2015, the total number of overseas workers in MIMAROPA reached 31,831. The percentage of men overseas workers in the region with 52.0 percent was higher compared to women with 48.0 percent.

Meanwhile, the province of Oriental Mindoro accounted the highest number of overseas workers in the region with 12,907. The percentage of women overseas workers in the province with 53.7 percent was higher compared to men with 46.3 percent. 136 Migration

TABLE 11.2 Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workers by Sex, Region and Philippines: 2016 and 2015 (Number in thousands)

2016 2015 Region Total Women Men Total Women Men

Philippines 2,447 1,250 1,197 2,447 1,250 1,197

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 National Capital Region 12.9 16.5 9.8 11.0 9.0 13.4 Cordillera Administrative 1.8 1.4 2.2 2.3 3.1 1.4 Region I Ilocos Region 8.4 6.6 9.9 9.5 10.9 7.9 II Cagayan Valley 5.3 3.1 7.2 6.0 8.3 3.6 III Central Luzon 12.7 14.5 11.1 15.1 12.7 17.5 IVA CALABARZON 21.0 23.4 19.0 17.9 15.5 20.4 MIMAROPA 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.5 2.2 V Bicol Region 4.0 3.4 4.5 3.1 3.3 2.9 VI Western Visayas 4.9 4.5 5.1 8.7 9.4 8.0 VII Central Visayas 4.9 6.8 3.2 6.3 4.7 8.0 VIII Eastern Visayas 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.6 2.1 3.1 IX Zamboanga Peninsula 2.3 2.1 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.1 X Northern Mindanao 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.8 2.8 2.8 XI Davao Region 3.0 2.4 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.0 XII SOCCSKSARGEN 4.3 2.4 6.0 4.4 6.2 2.5 XIII Caraga 1.9 1.4 2.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 Autonomous Region in Muslim 1.9 1.0 2.8 1.5 2.1 0.9 Mindanao Note: Details may not add up to total due to rounding. The estimates cover overseas Filipinos whose departure within the last five years and who are working or hard worked during the past six months (April to September) of the survey period. Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Survey on Overseas Filipinos

In 2016, there were more women Overseas Filipino Workers (2.0 percent) than men (1.7 percent).

In MIMAROPA, women Overseas Filipino Workers (OFW) increased by 0.5 percent from 1.5 percent in 2015 to 2.0 percent in 2016, while men OFW decreased by 0.5 percent from 2.2 in 2015 to 1.7 percent in 2016. Migration 137

TABLE 11.3 Distribution of Overseas Filipino Workersby Sex, Philippines: 2017

Both Sexes Men Women Region Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Philippines 2,339 100.0 1,084 100.0 1,255 100.0 Number (In thousands) National Capital Region 222 9.5 122 11.3 99 7.9 Cordillera Administrative Region 54 2.3 17 1.6 38 3.0 I - Ilocos Region 210 9.0 80 7.4 130 10.4 II - Cagayan Valley 159 6.8 44 4.1 115 9.2 III - Central Luzon 302 12.9 162 14.9 139 11.1 IVA - CALABARZON 484 20.7 262 24.2 223 17.8 IVB - MIMAROPA 42 1.8 18 1.7 24 1.9 V - Bicol Region 89 3.8 37 3.4 53 4.2 VI - Western Visayas 222 9.5 108 10.0 114 9.1 VII - Central Visayas 143 6.1 99 9.1 44 3.5 VIII - Eastern Visayas 49 2.1 28 2.6 20 1.6 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 49 2.1 16 1.5 33 2.6 X - Northern Mindanao 58 2.5 26 2.4 33 2.6 XI - Davao Region 70 3.0 18 1.7 53 4.2 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 98 4.2 22 2.0 78 6.2 Caraga 40 1.7 13 1.2 26 2.1 Autonomous Region in Muslim 44 1.9 10 0.9 34 2.7 Mindanao

Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. The estimates cover overseas Filipinos whose departure occurred within the last five years and who are working or had worked abroad during the past six months (April to September) of the survey period.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2017 Survey on Overseas Filipinos

In 2017, the number of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) in the region was 42 thousand which comprised 1.8 percent of the OFWs in the country. The percentage of women OFWs with 1.9 percent was higher compared to men with 1.7 percent. 138 Migration

TABLE 11.4 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers by Sex, Philippines: 2015 (In Percent)

Region 2015 Both Men Women Sexes

Philippines (In Thousands) 2,377 1,168 1,209

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 National Capital Region 10.9 13.1 8.8 Cordillera Administrative Region 2.3 1.4 3.1 I - Ilocos Region 9.6 8.0 11.2 II - Cagayan Valley 6.1 3.6 8.5 III - Central Luzon 15.3 17.9 12.9 IVA - CALABARZON 17.8 20.3 15.4 IVB - MIMAROPA 1.9 2.3 1.5 V - Bicol Region 3.2 2.9 3.4 VI - Western Visayas 8.8 8.2 9.4 VII - Central Visayas 6.2 7.9 4.5 VIII - Eastern Visayas 2.6 3.1 2.1 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 2.0 1.7 2.4 X - Northern Mindanao 2.7 2.7 2.8 XI - Davao Region 3.0 1.9 4.1 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 4.4 2.5 6.3 XIII - Caraga 1.8 1.7 1.8 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 1.4 0.7 2.0 Negros Island Region - - - Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding.

The estimates cover overseas Filipinos whose departure occurred within the last five years and who are working or had worked abroad during the past six months (April to September) of the survey period.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Survey on Overseas Filipinos

In 2015, 1.9 percent of the Overseas Contract Workers (OCW) were from the region. The percentage of men OCW was higher with 2.3 percent compared to women with 1.5 percent. Migration 139

TABLE 11.5 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers by Sex, Philippines: 2016 (In Percent)

Region 2016 Both Men Women Sexes

Philippines (In Thousands) 2,185 1,013 1,171

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 National Capital Region 13.0 16.8 9.7 Cordillera Administrative Region 1.7 1.3 2.1 I - Ilocos Region 8.6 6.8 10.1 II - Cagayan Valley 5.4 3.1 7.4 III - Central Luzon 12.8 14.7 11.1 IVA - CALABARZON 21.2 23.6 19.1 IVB - MIMAROPA 1.9 2.0 1.7 V - Bicol Region 4.0 3.3 4.6 VI - Western Visayas 5.0 4.7 5.2 VII - Central Visayas 4.8 6.8 3.1 VIII - Eastern Visayas 2.1 2.3 1.9 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 2.1 1.9 2.3 X - Northern Mindanao 2.6 2.7 2.6 XI - Davao Region 2.9 2.2 3.6 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 4.4 2.4 6.1 XIII - Caraga 1.9 1.3 2.4 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 1.5 0.5 2.4 Negros Island Region 4.1 3.6 4.6 Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding.

The estimates cover overseas Filipinos whose departure occurred within the last five years and who are working or had worked abroad during the past six months (April to September) of the survey period.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, Survey on Overseas Filipinos

In 2016, 1.9 percent of the Overseas Contract Workers (OCW) were from MIMAROPA region. The percentage of men OCW was higher with 2.0 percent compared to women with 1.7 percent. 140 Migration

TABLE 11.6 Percentage Distribution of Overseas Contract Workers by Sex, Philippines: 2017

Both Sexes Men Women Region Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent

Philippines 2,270 100.0 1,049 100.0 1,220 100.0 Number (In thousands)

National Capital Region 213 9.4 119 11.4 96 7.6 Cordillera Administrative Region 52 2.3 17 1.6 37 2.9 I - Ilocos Region 207 9.1 78 7.5 127 10.5 II - Cagayan Valley 157 6.9 43 4.2 112 9.3 III - Central Luzon 288 12.7 156 14.7 135 11.0 IVA - CALABARZON 479 21.1 254 24.5 217 18.1 IVB - MIMAROPA 41 1.8 18 1.7 23 1.9 V - Bicol Region 89 3.9 36 3.4 51 4.2 VI - Western Visayas 220 9.7 105 10.3 111 9.2 VII - Central Visayas 132 5.8 95 8.4 43 3.5 VIII - Eastern Visayas 48 2.1 27 2.7 20 1.6 IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 48 2.1 16 1.5 32 2.6 X - Northern Mindanao 59 2.6 25 2.5 32 2.7 XI - Davao Region 64 2.8 18 1.7 51 3.8 XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 98 4.3 21 2.0 76 6.3 Caraga 39 1.7 13 1.2 26 2.1 Autonomous Region in Muslim 39 1.7 9 0.6 33 2.7 Mindanao

Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding. The estimates cover overseas Filipinos whose departure occurred within the last five years and who are working or had worked abroad during the past six months (April to September) of the survey period.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority, 2017 Survey on Overseas Filipinos

The percentage of Overseas Contract Workers (OCWs) in the region was 1.8 percent of the OCWs in the country in 2017. There were 23 thousand women OCWs in MIMAROPA which was higher compared to men OCWs with only 18 thousand. 141 142

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

Acts of Lasciviousness - acts that are lascivious in nature, which include but are not limited to intentional touching, either direct or through clothing, of the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh or buttocks; or the introduction of any object into the genitalia, anus or mouth of any child whether of the same or opposite sex with an intent to abuse, humiliate, harass, degrade, or arouse or gratify the sexual desire of any person; bestiality; masturbation; lascivious exhibition of the genital or pubic area of a person, etc ..

Age Dependency Ratio - is the ratio of persons in the "dependent" ages (generally under age 15 and over age 64) to those in the "economically productive" ages (15-64 years) in the population. It is sometimes divided into the old-age dependency (the ratio of people aged 65 and older to those aged 15-64 years) and the child dependency (ratio of people under 15 to those aged 15-64 years).

Armed Forces Occupations - this major group includes all jobs held by members of the armed forces. Members of the armed forces are those personnel who are currently serving in the armed forces, including auxiliary services, whether on a voluntary or compulsory basis, and who are not free to accept civilian employment and are subject to military discipline. Included are members of the army, navy, air force and other military services, as well as conscripts enrolled for military training or other service for a specified period.

Battering - an act of inflicting physical harm on a woman resulting to physical and psychological/emotional distress preventing her from doing what she wishes or forcing her to behave in a manner that is unacceptable to her.

Career Service - characterized by entrance based on merit and fitness to be determined as far as practicable by competitive examination, or based on highly technical qualifications; opportunity for advancement to higher career positions; and security of tenure.

Child Abuse - the maltreatment, whether habitual or not, of a child, which includes any of the following: a) Psychological and physical abuse, neglect, cruelty, sexual abuse and emotional maltreatment; b) Any act by deeds or words which debases, degrades or demeans the intrinsic worth and dignity of a child as a human being; c) Unreasonable deprivation of the her/his basic needs for survival such as food and shelter; d) Failure to immediately give medical treatment to an injured child resulting in serious impairment of her/his growth and development or in her/his permanent incapacity or death.

Child Labor - the illegal employment of children below 15 years old, or those below 18 years old in hazardous occupation. 143

Child Mortality Rate (CMR) - the probability of dying between exact age one and age five, expressed as the number of deaths of children from exact age one and age five, expressed as the number of deaths of children from 1,000 children surviving to age 12 months at the beginning of the period. Child Sexual Abuse - the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of a child to engage in or assist another person to engage in sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct, or the molestation, prostitution, or incest with children.

Child Trafficking - the act of trading or dealing with children, including but not limited to, the buying and selling of children for money, or for any other consideration, or barter.

Children - individuals who are below 18 years of age.

Children in Conflict with the Law - refers to anyone under 18 who comes into contact with the justice system as a result of being suspected or accused of committing an offense.

Children in Especially Difficult Circumstances - are children in need of care and protection for their social adjustment and economic self-sufficiency. They may be classified as neglected, abandoned, physically and sexually abused or exploited to include also the street children, delinquents and offenders.

Children in Situation of Armed Conflict - children who are: a) members of displaced families as a result of armed conflict; b) physically weakened, orphaned or disabled as a result of armed conflict; c) combatants and those mobilized for other armed conflict-related activities; and d) disrupted from schooling due to armed conflict.

Clerical and Support Workers - workers in this group record, organize, store, compute and retrieve information related, and perform a number of clerical duties in connection with money-handling operations, travel arrangements, requests for information, and appointments.

CLOA Holder - refers to a farmer-beneficiary who was awarded a Certificate of Land Ownership Agreement (CLOA) for the land he or she tills under Executive Order No. 6657 otherwise known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law. The CLOA is also a title issued to farmer-beneficiaries either individually or collective.

Concubinage - an act of keeping a mistress in the conjugal dwelling, or shall have sexual intercourse, under scandalous circumstances, with a woman who is not his wife, or shall cohabit with her in any other place, shall be punished by prison correctional in its minimum and medium periods. 144

Contraceptive Prevalence Rate - the number of women using contraceptive methods over the total number of women of reproductive age (15-49 years old).

Craft and Related Trades Workers - workers in this group apply specific knowledge and skills in the fields to construct and maintain buildings, form metal, erect metal structures, set machine tools, or make, fit, maintain and repair machinery, equipment or tools, carry out printing work, produce or process foodstuffs, textiles, or wooden, metal and other articles, including handicraft goods.

Crime Rate - number of crimes committed per 100,000 population.

Disability - refers to any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being.

Economic Abuse - denial of access/control over economic resources. This includes but is not limited to: denial or withdrawal of financial support, prohibiting the woman to get a job, forcing the woman to get a job to support the family while her partner refuses to get a job of his own, control over conjugal finances, using family money for his vices, destroying household property, and other abuses that pertain to economic conditions.

Elementary Occupations - occupations in this group involve the performance of simple and routine tasks which may require the use of handheld tools and considerable physical effort.

Employed - include all persons 15 years old and over as of their last birthday and during the basic survey reference period are reported as either: a) At work. Those who do any work even for one hour during the reference period for pay or profit, or work without pay on the farm or business enterprise operated by a member of the same household related by blood, marriage, or adoption; OR b) With a job but not at work. Those who have a job or business but are not at work because of temporary illness/injury, vacation, or other reasons. Likewise, persons who expect to report for work or to start operation of a farm or business enterprise within two weeks from the date of the enumerator's visit, are considered employed.

Employment Rate - percentage of the total number of employed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force.

Functional Literacy - represents a significantly higher level of literacy which includes not only reading and writing skills but also numeric skills. This skill must be sufficiently advanced to enable the individual to participate fully and effectively in activities commonly occurring in his life situation that require a reasonable capability of communicating by written language. 145

Gender - the socially learned behavior and expectations associated with the two sexes. It also refers to the socially differentiated roles and characteristics attributed by a given culture to women and men.

Gender Development Index (GDI) - a composite index measuring average achievement in the three basic dimensions captured in the human development index, (i.e., a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living), adjusted to account inequalities between women and men. It is measured by taking the average of the same components as HDI but adjusted to gender disparities.

Gender Disparity Index (GeDI) - a measure to illustrate whether overall human development is being shared equitably by women and men. Gender Education Index (GEi) - an index which measures gender disparity in the quality of life in terms of access to education.

Gender Equality Ratio (GER) - a measure indicating whether women or men have more advantage in terms of development.

Gender Health Index (GHI) - an index which measures gender disparity in the quality of life in terms of longevity and health life.

Gender Income Index (GII) - an index which measures gender disparity in the quality of life in terms of income.

Grave Coercion - an act of violence, threat or intimidation done by any person who, without any authority of law, prevents a woman from doing something not prohibited by law, or compel her to do something against her will, whether it be right or wrong.

Grave Threat - an expression and manifestation to do an act constituting a crime against the personhood, honor, and property of the woman victim and her family.

Household - a social unit consisting of a person living alone or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have a common arrangement in the preparation and consumption of food.

Household Head - refers to the person responsible for care and organization of the household. He/she usually provides the chief source of income for the household. In the case of a household consisting of two or more unrelated persons sharing the same cooking facilities and meals, the head is usually the eldest male or female in the group regarded as such by the older members. 146

Household Population - the aggregate of private household population. Compared to total population, this excludes population enumerated in institutional households such as national/provincial/municipal/city jail/detention centers, military camps, tuberculosis pavilions, mental hospitals, leprosaria/leper colonies or drug rehabilitation centers. Household Size - number of usual members in a private household.

Incest - sexual abuse committed against a child by a person who is related to her/him within fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity and who exercises influence, authority or moral ascendancy over her/him.

Index Crimes - refer to those violations of the penal code considered to have socio-economic significance, and occur with sufficient regularity to be meaningful. These include crimes versus person (murder, homicide, physical injury and rape), and crimes versus property (robbery and theft).

Infant Mortality Rate - the probability of dying between birth and age one, expressed as the number of infant deaths or deaths occurring before reaching 12 months of life in a given period per 1,000 live births.

Labor Force, (Persons in the) - the population 15 years old and over whether employed or unemployed who contribute to the production of goods and services in the country.

Labor Force Participation Rate - proportion in percent of the total number of persons in the labor force to the total population 15 years old and over.

Less Serious Physical Injury - an act by any person who shall inflict upon a woman physical injuries not described in Articles 262-264, but which shall incapacitate the woman for labor for ten days or more, or shall require medical attendance for the same period. Life Expectancy - represents the average number of years remaining to a person who survives to the beginning of a given age or interval x.

Malicious Mischief - an act of causing damage to a woman obstructing her to perform public functions, or using any poisonous or corrosive substance on her.

Manager - workers in this group plan, direct, coordinate and evaluate the overall activities of enterprises, governments and other organizations, or of organizational units within them, and formulate and review their policies, laws, rules and regulations..

Maternal Mortality Ratio - the ratio between the number of women who died (for reasons of pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium) to the number of reported live births in a given year, expressed as the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. 147

Neglected - children who were not provided with adequate food, clothing, shelter, basic education or medical care so as to seriously endanger the physical, mental, social and emotional growth and development of the child. for reasons other than poverty.

Non-Index Crimes - refer to all other crimes not classified as index crimes. These are mostly composed of victimless offenses (e.g., crimes against national security, crimes against the fundamental laws of the state, crimes against public order, crimes against public morals, and violations of special laws).

Nutritional Status - The condition of the body resulting from the intake, absorption, and utilization of food.

Overseas Contract Worker (OCW) - a Filipino worker who is presently and temporarily out of the country to fulfill an overseas work contract for a specific length of time, or who is presently at home on vacation but still has an existing overseas work contract.

Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) - a Filipino worker who is to be engaged, is engaged, or has been engaged in a remunerated activity in a country of which he/she is not a legal resident. Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers - workers in this group operate and monitor industrial and agricultural machinery equipment on the spot or by remote control, drive and operate trains, motor vehicles and mobile machinery and equipment, or assemble products from component parts according to strict specifications and procedures.

Population - total number of individuals in a territory at a specified time. It covers both nationals and aliens, native and foreign-born persons, internees, refugees and any other group physically present within the borders of a country at a specified time. In assembling national demographic statistics for publication, the basic aim has been to obtain data for the physically present (or "de facto") population rather than for the legally established resident (or "de jure") inhabitants.

Professionals - workers in this group increase the existing stock of knowledge, apply scientific or artistic concepts and theories, teach about the foregoing in a systematic manner, or engage in any combination of these activities.

Rape - an act committed by a man who shall have carnal knowledge of a child under any of the following circumstances: through force, threat or intimidation; when the child is deprived of reason, or otherwise unconscious; by means of fraudulent machination or grave abuse of authority; and when the offended party is under 12 years of age or is demented, even though none of the circumstances mentioned above be present. 148

Senior Citizen or Older Persons - refers to persons 60 years of age and over who need assistance to cope with and cushion the social and economic impact of the aging process otherwise known as RA 7432.

Service and Sales Workers - workers in this group provide personal and protective services related to travel, housekeeping, catering, personal care, or protection against fire and unlawful acts, or demonstrate and sell goods in wholesale or retail shops and similar establishments, as well as at stalls and on markets.

Sex Ratio - the ratio between males and females in a population expressed in number of males per 100 females.

Sexual Abuse - an act, which is sexual in nature, committed against a woman without her consent. Sexual abuses include but are not limited to the following: rape, sexual harassment, acts of lasciviousness; treating a woman as a sex object; making demeaning and sexually suggestive remarks; physically attacking the sexual parts of her body; forcing her to watch pornographic video shows or see pornographic materials; catching the husband having sex with another woman in the marital bedroom; forcing the wife and mistress to sleep with the husband in the same room.

Simple Literacy - the ability to read and write with understanding simple messages in any language or dialect.

Simple Literacy Rate - the percentage of the population 10 years old and over, who can read, write and understand simple messages in any language or dialect.

Skilled Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Workers - workers in this group grow and harvest field or tree and shrub crops, gather wild fruits and plants, breed, tend or hunt animals, produce a variety of animal husbandry products, cultivate, conserve and exploit forests, breed or catch fish and cultivate or gather other forms of aquatic life in order to provide food, shelter and income for themselves and their households.

Technicians and Associate Professionals - workers in this group perform mostly technical and related tasks connected with research and the application of scientific or artistic concepts and operational methods, and government or business regulations.

Trafficking in Persons - a form of modern-day slavery wherein traffickers often prey on individuals who are poor, frequently unemployed or underemployed, predominantly women and children who are often lured with false promises of good jobs and better lives, but then forced to work under brutal and inhuman conditions and are exploited for sexual purposes. 149 Total Fertility Rate - the average number of children that would be born alive to a woman (or group of women) during her lifetime if she were to pass through her childbearing years conforming to the age specific fertility rates of a given time period.

Under-Five Mortality Rate- the probability of dying between birth and age five, expressed as the number of deaths below age five per 1,000 live births during a given period.

Underemployment Rate - percentage of the total number of underemployed persons to the total number of employed persons.

Unemployment Rate - percentage of the total number of unemployed persons to the total number of persons in the labor force.

Violence Against Women - an act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual, or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life. It encompasses all forms of violation of women's rights, including threats and reprisals, exploitation, harassment and other forms of control.

Women in Especially Difficult Circumstances (WEDC) - are women in need of specific attention to the prevention or eradication of their exploitations in any form such as, but not limited to, prostitution and illegal recruitment, as well as the promotion of skills for employment and self-actualization. 150

LIST OF PHILIPPINE LAWS IN SUPPORT

OF WOMEN’S WELFARE AND RIGHTS

RA 6655 An Act Establishing and Providing for a Free Public Secondary dated 4/26/88 Education For Other Purposes

RA 6657 An Act Instituting a Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program to dated 6/10/88 Promote Social Justice and Industrialization, Providing The Mechanism for Its Implementation and for Other Purposes

RA 6725 An Act Strengthening The Prohibition on Discrimination Against dated 4/27/89 Women with Respect To Terms and Conditions of Employment, Amending for the Purpose Article One Hundred Thirty-Five of the Labor Code, As Amended

RA 6728 An Act Providing the Government Assistance to Students and dated 6/10/89 Teachers in Private Education and Appropriating Funds Therefor

RA 6809 An Act Lowering the Age of Majority From Twenty- One to dated 12/31 Eighteen Years, Amending for the Purpose EO No. 209, and for /89 Other Purposes

RA 6938 An Act to Ordain a Cooperative Code of the Philippines. dated 3/10/90

RA 6949 An Act to Declare March Eight of Every Year as a Working dated 4/10/90 Special Holiday to Be Known as National Women's Day

RA 6955 An Act to Declare Unlawful The Practice of Matching for dated 6/13/90 Marriage to Foreign Nationals On a Mail-Order Basis and For Other Similar Practices, Including the Advertisement, Publication, Printing or Distribution of Brochures, Fliers and other Propaganda Materials in Furtherance Thereof and Providing Penalty Therefor

RA 6972 An Act Establishing a Day Care Center in Every Barangay dated 11/23/30 Instituting Therein A Total Development and Protection of Children Program Appropriating Funds Therefor, and For Other Purposes

RA 7192 An Act Promoting the Integration of Women as Full and Equal dated 12/11/91 Partners of Men In Development and Nation Building and for Other Purposes 151

RA 7305 The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers dated 3/26/92

RA 7309 An Act Creating a Board of Claims Under the Department of dated 3/30/92 Justice For Victims Of Unjust Imprisonment or Detention and Victims of Violent Crimes and for Other Purposes

RA 7322 An Act Increasing Maternity Benefits in Favor of Women dated 3/30/92 Workers in the Private Sector, Amending For The Purpose Section 14-A of Republic Act No. 1161, As Amended And For Other Purposes

RA 7394 The Consumer Act of the Philippines dated 4/13/92

RA 7432 An Act To Maximize The Contribution of Senior Citizens To dated 4/23/92 Nation Building, Grant Benefits And Special Privileges And For Other Purposes

RA 7600 An Act Requiring All Government And Private Health Institutions dated 6/17/92 With Obstetrical Services to Adopt Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Practices and for Other Purposes

RA 7610 An Act Providing for Stronger Deterrence And Special Protection dated 6/17/92 Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination, Providing Penalties For Its Violation, And For Other Purposes

RA 7655 An Act Increasing the Minimum Wage of Househelpers dated 8/19/93 Amending for the Purpose Article 143 of Presidential Decree No. 142, Amended

RA 7658 An Act Prohibiting the Employment of Children Below 15 Years dated 11/9/93 of Age in Public and Private Undertakings, Amending for its Purpose Section 12, Article VIII of RA 7610

RA 7659 An Act to Impose the Death Penalty on Certain Heinous Crimes, dated 12/13/93 Amending for the Purpose the Revised Penal Code, As Amended, Other Special Penal Laws, and for Other Purposes

RA 7688 An Act Giving Representation to Women in Social Security dated 3/3/94 Commission Amending for the Purpose Section 3(A) of Republic Act No. 1161, as Amended 152

RA 7877 An Act Declaring Sexual Harassment Unlawful in the dated 2/8/95 Employment, Education Training Environment, and for Other Purposes

RA 7822 An Act Providing Assistance to Women Engaging in Micro and dated 2/20/95 Cottage Business Enterprises, and for Other Purposes

RA 8042 An Act to Institute The Policies of Overseas Employment and dated 2/20/95 Establish a Higher Standard Protection and Promotion of the Welfare of Migrant Workers, Their Families and Overseas Filipinos in Distress, and for other Purposes

RA 8171 An Act Providing for the Repatriation of Filipino Women who dated 10/23/95 Have Lost Their Philippines Citizenship by Marriage to Aliens and of Natural-Born Filipinos

RA 8187 An Act Granting Paternity Leave of Seven (7) Days With Full dated 6/11/96 Pay to All Married Male Employees in the Private and Public Sectors for the First Four (4) Deliveries of the Legitimate Spouse With Whom He is Cohabiting and for other Purposes

RA 8353 An Act Expanding the Definition of the Crime of Rape, dated 9/30/97 Reclassifying The Same as a Crime Against Persons, Amending for the Purpose Act No. 3815, As Amended, Otherwise Known As the Revised Penal Code, and for other Purposes

RA 8369 An Act Establishing Family Courts, Granting Them Exclusive dated 10/28/97 Original Jurisdiction Over Child and Family Cases, Amending BP No. 192, As Amended, Otherwise Known as the Judiciary Reorganization Act of 1980. Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes

RA 8505 An Act Providing Assistance and Protection for Rape Victims, dated 2/13/98 Establishing for the Purpose a Rape Crisis Center in Every Province and City, Authorizing the Appropriation of Funds Therefor, and for Other Purposes

RA 8972 An Act Providing for Benefits and Privileges to Solo Parents and dated 11/07/00 Their Children, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes

RA 9208 An Act to Institute Policies to Eliminate Trafficking in Persons dated 6/19/03 Especially Women and Children, Establishing the Necessary Institutional Mechanisms for the Protection and Support of Trafficked Persons, Providing Penalties for its Violations, and for Other Purposes 153

RA 9257 An Act Granting Additional Benefits and Privileges to Senior dated 7/28/03 Citizens Amending for the Purpose RA 7432, Otherwise Known as "An Act to Maximize the Contribution of Senior Citizens to Nation Building, Grant Benefits and Special Privileges and for Other Purposes

RA 9262 An Act Defining Violence Against Women and Their Children, dated 3/08/04 Providing for the Protective Measures for Victims, Prescribing Penalties Therefor, and for Other Purposes

RA 9344 An Act Establishing a Comprehensive Juvenile Justice and dated 5/19/06 Welfare System, Creating the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council Under the Department of Justice, Appropriating Funds Therefor And For Other Purposes

RA 9710 An Act Providing for The Magna Carta of Women dated 8/14/09

RA 9995 An Act defining and penalizing the crime of photo and video voyeurism, prescribing penalties therefor and for other purposes. 154

LIST OF DATA SOURCES

Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), MIMAROPA

Civil Service Commission (CSC), MIMAROPA

Commission on Elections (COMELEC)

Cooperative Development Authority (CDA), MIMAROPA

Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR), MIMAROPA

Department of Agriculture (DA), MIMAROPA

Department of Education (DepEd), MIMAROPA

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), MIMAROPA

DOH Center for Health Development (DOH-CHO), MIMAROPA

Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG), MIMAROPA

Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE), MIMAROPA

Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), MIMAROPA

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), MIMAROPA

Environmental Management Bureau (EMB), MIMAROPA

Philippine National Police (PNP), MIMAROPA

Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), MIMAROPA

Prosecution’s Office, MIMAROPA

Public Attorney's Office (PAO), MIMAROPA

Supreme Court (SC)

Technical Education and Skill Development Authority (TESDA), MIMAROPA 155

THE PHILIPPINE STATISTICS AUTHORITY

LISA GRACE S. BERSALES Undersecretary National Statistician and Civil Registrar General

Deputy National Statisticians

JOSIE B. PEREZ ESTELA T. DE GUZMAN Censuses and Technical Civil Registration and Central Coordination Office Support Office

ROMEO S. RECIDE Sectoral Statistics Office

REGIONAL STATISTICAL SERVICE OFFICE MIMAROPA

LENI R. RIOFLORIDO Regional Director

MARIBEL L. BERNARDO PILAR P. MENDOZA Division Chief Division Chief Statistical Operations and Civil Registration and Coordination Division Administrative Support Division

PROVINCIAL STATISTICAL OFFICE

GEMMA N. OPIS EFREN C. ARMONIA Officer-In Charge Chief Statistical Specialist Marinduque Oriental Mindoro

SAMUEL A. VILLAR MARIA LALAINE M. RODRIGUEZ Chief Statistical Specialist Chief Statistical Specialist Occidental Mindoro Palawan

LINO P. FAMINIALAGAO Chief Statistical Specialist Romblon

Regional Statistical Service Office MIMAROPA

2nd Floor, Emerald Building, Brgy. Camilmil Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro Telephone Nos. (043) 286-2340/ (043) 286-7491

Website: rssomimaropa.psa.gov.ph Email addresses: [email protected] [email protected]