DOCSLIB.ORG

Unknown and Unseen the Needs and Issues of Kashmiris in Rochdale

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Unknown and Unseen the Needs and Issues of Kashmiris in Rochdale Unknown and Unseen The needs and issues of Kashmiris in Rochdale Professor Virinder S Kalra, University of Warwick (Principal Investigator) Dr Martin Hyde, Swansea University (Statistician) Mr Shams Rehman (Research Assistant) The2019 needs and issues of Kashmiris in Rochdale 1 CONTENTS Forewords ..........................................................................4 9. The socio-economic context in Rochdale .......... 23 Executive Summary ..........................................................6 Introduction ................................................................6 10. Kashmiris and Ethnic Monitoring ........................ 24 Key Findings ...............................................................6 10.1 Kashmiri category and Service Provision .....24 Rochdale Kashmiri Population .................................6 10.2 Language and service provision ...................25 Lack of Awareness .....................................................6 10.3. The Numbers: How Many Kashmiris Language Barriers .....................................................6 are there in Rochdale? .............................................26 Economic marginalisation ........................................7 Health Status ...............................................................7 11. Needs and Issues .................................................... 29 Educational Attainment ............................................7 11.1 Economic Conditions ......................................30 Crime, Discrimination and Safety ............................8 11.1.0. The changing nature of employment Religion ........................................................................8 amongst Kashmiris ..................................................31 Community Infrastructure ........................................8 11.1.1. Business ethos ..............................................32 Conclusion ..................................................................8 11.1.2. Gender and Economy .................................32 Recommendations .....................................................8 11.2. Social Issues .....................................................33 11.2.0.Health and Healthy Living ...........................33 1. Main Report: Introduction .....................................10 11.2.1. Lack of awareness about and access to services .................................................................35 2. Background of the research ..................................11 11.2.2. Healthy Living ..............................................36 11.3. Education .........................................................36 3. Aims of the research ...............................................12 12. Crime, Discrimination and Safety ........................ 38 4. Methodology ...........................................................13 12.1 Fear of crime .....................................................38 4.1 Methods ..............................................................13 12.2 Harassment and discrimination ....................38 4.1.0 Qualitative methods .......................................13 12.3. Drugs ................................................................39 4.1.1 Quantitative methods ....................................13 13. Religion .................................................................... 40 5. Formula to estimate the Kashmiri population ...14 13.1. Extremism ........................................................41 6. Kashmiris in Rochdale Survey (KiRS) ...................15 14. Cultural life ............................................................... 44 7. Key Findings .............................................................16 15. Community Infrastructure and Engagement 7.1 Existing sources of data on the Kashmiri Capacity ................................................................... 45 Community ...............................................................16 15.1 First generation ‘back home’ networks ........45 7.1.0. Self-Identification or Write In .......................16 15.2 Politics and welfare .........................................45 7.1.1. Extended categories ......................................16 15.3 Mosques ...........................................................46 7.1.2 Limitations of the existing data sources 15.4 Women’s participation in and extended categories. ......................................16 community networks ...............................................46 7.2. Awareness amongst council service providers about the Kashmiri Community ...........17 16. Conclusion .................................................................47 8. Who are Rochdale Kashmiris and How many? ..19 17. Recommendations .................................................. 48 8.1. Origins of Rochdale Kashmiris ........................19 8.2. Languages .........................................................20 8.3. Labour Migration: The Kashmiri Community in Rochdale .........................................20 8.4. Historical context of the marginalisation and invisibility of Kashmiris in Britain ...................21 2 Unknown and Unseen The needs and issues of Kashmiris in Rochdale 3 FOREWORDS As a Kashmiri who arrived in the UK in early 70’s, prominent right across the borough than ever before. growing up in Rochdale had its challenges. At home, I It is with great pleasure that I present to you this very ethnic monitoring systems which makes it difficult for was a Kashmiri, at school a Pakistani, and in my head, However, that is not enough. Clarity of categorisation important report on the needs and issues of Rochdale policy makers to include any specific needs and issues I was starting to feel British. Unknown and Unseen is a for local services is a minimal requirement and Kashmiris titled aptly ‘Unknown and Unseen’ as this of this particular minority community such as in health, ground-breaking study that finally sheds light on the essential for community cohesion. This data should is the first ever research report of its kind on a British communication, education and employment areas. plight of Rochdale’s Kashmiri community, including a be share with other authorities where large Kashmiri community whose existence can be traced back in lack of recognition locally and its subsequent impact communities live so that they too can learn from our 1830s and estimated reaching to a million mark soon I also hope that the formula developed for this on the community as a whole. experience. I am convinced that recognition leading but little is known about this group of British citizens research will be proved valuable for estimating to deeper understanding will improve local level among the policy makers. Kashmiris population in other towns and cities till the It would be tempting to classify this report as service delivery, therefore changes to national census community is included in the national census and overzealous identity politics, but that would be a big categorisation will have a national impact. Crucially, I hope all relevant officers, elected members and other systems of gathering statistics and monitoring mistake. By denying a community its heritage, you providers can start to design services that engage interested members of public will find this report community trends etc. deny its history and stifle its potential. If you do not rather than marginalise Kashmiris to build a stronger both informative and interesting and that it will give recognise differences, you cannot value strengths. If and more cohesive environment for all. you a greater understanding of the British Kashmiri you cannot differentiate language and culture, how community. can you communicate ideas and values? More importantly, I hope that you will gain an The Kashmir Youth Project’s (a community centre appreciation of the difficulties and challenges faced Tony Lloyd MP for Rochdale established in 1979) sole purpose is to help the by our community due to their exclusion from the Shadow Secretary for Northern Ireland Kashmiri community settle and engage with the wider society. As its CEO I know we have tackled many Zulf Ali of the issues raised in this report, and on our 40th Chief Executive Officer anniversary, the Kashmiri community is now more Kashmir Youth Project Rochdale’s Kashmiris community plays a vital role in and present. Reading it certainly gave me a greater supporting the borough and the local authority. From understanding of the challenges sections of the ACKNOWLEDGMENTS elected members to local business and community community, not least elderly women, face on a daily leaders, Kashmiris provide many citizens who work basis. hard for the good of Rochdale and its people. One of my deputy leaders, Cllr Daalat Ali, and the current But, crucially, Unknown and Unseen also offers Several people contributed and participated in this of this research was not possible without the hard mayor, Cllr Mohamed Zaman, are two such people. achievable recommendations designed to address research from inception to completion in different work done by the volunteers trained for this purpose. these challenges head on. Ways we can offer the capacities and wish to extend our thanks to all of them. Therefore, a big thank you to all of you who the Yet, as this report highlights, these remarkable Kashmir community the support they have shown the surveys. We also appreciate the time and information achievements are set against a backdrop of an borough over the years. First of all we
Load more

Recommended publications
  • M a R T I N Woolley Landscape Architects
    OLDHAM MILLS STRATEGY LANDSCAPE OVERVIEW February 2020 MARTIN WOOLLEY LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS DOCUMENT CONTROL TITLE: LANDSCAPE OVERVIEW PROJECT: OLDHAM MILLS STRATEGY JOB NO: L2.470 CLIENT: ELG PLANNING for OLDHAM MBC Copyright of Martin Woolley Landscape Architects. All Rights Reserved Status Date Notes Revision Approved DRAFT 2.3.20 Draft issue 1 MW DRAFT 24.3.20 Draft issue 2 MW DRAFT 17.4.20 Draft issue 3 MW DRAFT 28.7.20 Draft issue 4 MW CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Scope 3 Methodology 3 BACKGROUND Background History 6 Historical Map 1907 7 LANDSCAPE BASELINE Topography & Watercourses 11 Bedrock Geology 12 National Character Areas 13 Local Landscape Character 14 GMC Landscape Sensitivity 15 Conservation Areas 16 Greenbelt 17 Listed, Converted, or Demolished Mills (or consented) 18 ASSESSMENT Assessment of Landscape Value 20 Remaining Mills Assessed for Landscape Value 21 Viewpoint Location Plan 22 Viewpoints 1 to 21 23 High Landscape Value Mills 44 Medium Landscape Value Mills 45 Low Landscape Value Mills 46 CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions 48 Recommendations 48 Recommended Mill Clusters 50 APPENDIX Landscape Assessment Matrix 52 1 SCOPE 1.0 SCOPE 1.1 Martin Woolley Landscape Architects were appointed in November 2019 to undertake 2.4 A photographic record of the key views of each mill assisted the assessment stage and a Landscape Overview to accompany a Mill Strategy commissioned by Oldham provided panoramic base photographs for enabling visualisation of the landscape if a Metropolitan Borough Council. particular mill were to be removed. 1.2 The Landscape Overview is provided as a separate report providing an overall analysis 2.5 To further assist the assessment process, a range of ‘reverse montage’ photographs were of the contribution existing mills make to the landscape character of Oldham District.
    [Show full text]
  • Consanguinity and Its Sociodemographic Differentials in Bhimber District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
    J HEALTH POPUL NUTR 2014 Jun;32(2):301-313 ©INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR DIARRHOEAL ISSN 1606-0997 | $ 5.00+0.20 DISEASE RESEARCH, BANGLADESH Consanguinity and Its Sociodemographic Differentials in Bhimber District, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan Nazish Jabeen, Sajid Malik Human Genetics Program, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan ABSTRACT Kashmiri population in the northeast of Pakistan has strong historical, cultural and linguistic affini- ties with the neighbouring populations of upper Punjab and Potohar region of Pakistan. However, the study of consanguineous unions, which are customarily practised in many populations of Pakistan, revealed marked differences between the Kashmiris and other populations of northern Pakistan with respect to the distribution of marriage types and inbreeding coefficient (F). The current descriptive epidemiological study carried out in Bhimber district of Mirpur division, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, demonstrated that consanguineous marriages were 62% of the total marriages (F=0.0348). First-cousin unions were the predominant type of marriages and constituted 50.13% of total marital unions. The estimates of inbreeding coefficient were higher in the literate subjects, and consanguinity was witnessed to be rising with increasing literacy level. Additionally, consanguinity was observed to be associated with ethnicity, family structure, language, and marriage arrangements. Based upon these data, a distinct sociobiological structure, with increased stratification and higher genomic homozygos- ity, is expected for this Kashmiri population. In this communication, we present detailed distribution of the types of marital unions and the incidences of consanguinity and inbreeding coefficient (F) across various sociodemographic strata of Bhimber/Mirpuri population. The results of this study would have implication not only for other endogamous populations of Pakistan but also for the sizeable Kashmiri community immigrated to Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Guide
    ROCHESTERNH.ORG GREATER ROCHESTER CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 2016 • 1 It’s about People. 7HFKQRORJ\ 7UXVW frisbiehospital.com People are the foundation of what health that promotes faster healing, better health, care is about. People like you who are and higher quality of life. looking for the best care possible—and It’s this approach that has allowed us to people like the professionals at Frisbie develop trust with our patients, and to Memorial Hospital who are dedicated to become top-rated nationally for our quality providing it. of care and services. :HXVHWKHODWHVWWHFKQRORJ\WRKHOSÀQG VROXWLRQVWKDWEHQHÀWSDWLHQWV7HFKQRORJ\ 11 Whitehall Road, Rochester, NH 03867 | Phone (603) 332-5211 2 • 2016 GREATER ROCHESTER CHAMBER OF COMMERCE ROCHESTERNH.ORG contents Editor: 4 A Message from the Chamber Greater Rochester Chamber of Commerce 5 City of Rochester Welcome 6 New Hampshire Economic Development Photography Compliments of: 7 New Hampshire & Rochester Facts Cornerstone VNA Frisbie Memorial Hospital 8 Rochester – Ideal Destination, Convenient Location Great Bay Community College 10 Rochester History Greater Rochester Chamber of Commerce Revolution Taproom & Grill 11 Arts, Culture & Entertainment Rochester Economic Development 13 Rochester Business & Industry Rochester Fire Department A Growing & Diverse Economy Rochester Historical Society Rochester Main Street 14 Rochester Growth & Development Rochester Opera House Business & Industrial Parks Rochester Police Department 15 Rochester Commercial Districts Produced by: 16 Helpful Information Rochester
    [Show full text]
  • Khalistan & Kashmir: a Tale of Two Conflicts
    123 Matthew Webb: Khalistan & Kashmir Khalistan & Kashmir: A Tale of Two Conflicts Matthew J. Webb Petroleum Institute _______________________________________________________________ While sharing many similarities in origin and tactics, separatist insurgencies in the Indian states of Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir have followed remarkably different trajectories. Whereas Punjab has largely returned to normalcy and been successfully re-integrated into India’s political and economic framework, in Kashmir diminished levels of violence mask a deep-seated antipathy to Indian rule. Through a comparison of the socio- economic and political realities that have shaped the both regions, this paper attempts to identify the primary reasons behind the very different paths that politics has taken in each state. Employing a distinction from the normative literature, the paper argues that mobilization behind a separatist agenda can be attributed to a range of factors broadly categorized as either ‘push’ or ‘pull’. Whereas Sikh separatism is best attributed to factors that mostly fall into the latter category in the form of economic self-interest, the Kashmiri independence movement is more motivated by ‘push’ factors centered on considerations of remedial justice. This difference, in addition to the ethnic distance between Kashmiri Muslims and mainstream Indian (Hindu) society, explains why the politics of separatism continues in Kashmir, but not Punjab. ________________________________________________________________ Introduction Of the many separatist insurgencies India has faced since independence, those in the states of Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir have proven the most destructive and potent threats to the country’s territorial integrity. Ostensibly separate movements, the campaigns for Khalistan and an independent Kashmir nonetheless shared numerous similarities in origin and tactics, and for a brief time were contemporaneous.
    [Show full text]
  • Millyard District Millyard District
    Millyard District Millyard District Abstract In the decades following the closure of the mills, Nashua continued to grow and prosper, but in a The Millyard District has always been home to primarily suburban spatial pattern. The more tra- local manufacturing and industrial businesses. ditional urban fabric of the downtown and Millyard Since 1823, the district housed small and me- saw periods of disinvestment and stagnation as dium sized industrial uses. After the collapse of the suburbs simultaneously expanded. the traditional mill businesses in the 1940’s, these buildings saw new uses - residential, artist spac- Recently, the City of Nashua and the State com- es, churches, and light manufacturing. These pleted a road project through the Millyard called buildings have kept their traditional charm and the Broad Street Parkway. The project created a property owners have allowed the interior spac- second north south connection over the Nashua es to be transformed for tenant needs. With low river and opened up the formerly closed off mill vacancy and low business turnover in the area, district to the broader community. The project did it is clear that there is demand to be located in come at a significant financial cost and required the Millyard District. Connectivity within the dis- the demolition of several historic mill buildings. trict and to Nashua’s downtown is major problem While local reviews of the project are generally facing the Millyard District. positive, the road has disrupted the pedestrian environment in the Millyard, creating western and Through improved pedestrian connections in the eastern portions due to a lack of proper pedestri- district, businesses and residential units would be an road crossing facilities.
    [Show full text]
  • PAKISTAN: REGIONAL RIVALRIES, LOCAL IMPACTS Edited by Mona Kanwal Sheikh, Farzana Shaikh and Gareth Price DIIS REPORT 2012:12 DIIS REPORT
    DIIS REPORT 2012:12 DIIS REPORT PAKISTAN: REGIONAL RIVALRIES, LOCAL IMPACTS Edited by Mona Kanwal Sheikh, Farzana Shaikh and Gareth Price DIIS REPORT 2012:12 DIIS REPORT This report is published in collaboration with DIIS . DANISH INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES 1 DIIS REPORT 2012:12 © Copenhagen 2012, the author and DIIS Danish Institute for International Studies, DIIS Strandgade 56, DK-1401 Copenhagen, Denmark Ph: +45 32 69 87 87 Fax: +45 32 69 87 00 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.diis.dk Cover photo: Protesting Hazara Killings, Press Club, Islamabad, Pakistan, April 2012 © Mahvish Ahmad Layout and maps: Allan Lind Jørgensen, ALJ Design Printed in Denmark by Vesterkopi AS ISBN 978-87-7605-517-2 (pdf ) ISBN 978-87-7605-518-9 (print) Price: DKK 50.00 (VAT included) DIIS publications can be downloaded free of charge from www.diis.dk Hardcopies can be ordered at www.diis.dk Mona Kanwal Sheikh, ph.d., postdoc [email protected] 2 DIIS REPORT 2012:12 Contents Abstract 4 Acknowledgements 5 Pakistan – a stage for regional rivalry 7 The Baloch insurgency and geopolitics 25 Militant groups in FATA and regional rivalries 31 Domestic politics and regional tensions in Pakistan-administered Kashmir 39 Gilgit–Baltistan: sovereignty and territory 47 Punjab and Sindh: expanding frontiers of Jihadism 53 Urban Sindh: region, state and locality 61 3 DIIS REPORT 2012:12 Abstract What connects China to the challenges of separatism in Balochistan? Why is India important when it comes to water shortages in Pakistan? How does jihadism in Punjab and Sindh differ from religious militancy in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)? Why do Iran and Saudi Arabia matter for the challenges faced by Pakistan in Gilgit–Baltistan? These are some of the questions that are raised and discussed in the analytical contributions of this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Urban Panel Review Paper Rochdale June 2018
    URBAN PANEL REVIEW PAPER Rochdale Contents 1. Introduction 2. Initial thoughts 3. The southern part of the Heritage Action Zone 4. The town centre and northern part of the Heritage Action Zone 5. Other matters 6. Conclusions and Recommendations 1 Introduction 1.1 Since the beginning of the nineteenth century, Drake Street, the Regency thoroughfare which connected the centre of one of Lancashire’s most successful textile towns with its railway station, was Rochdale’s principal shopping street. It was a street which, for almost 150 years, was the bustling commercial heart of the town with department stores, two Co-operatives (including the Rochdale Pioneers’ first bespoke shop), impressive public halls and numerous small shops and businesses. 1.2 By the end of the twentieth Century, however, all this had changed. The structural changes in the retail economy, nationally, combined with the northerly shift of the main retail focus of the town due to the opening of not one, but two, large shopping centres had a catastrophic impact upon the vitality and viability of this historic thoroughfare. Today, several of what were Drake Street’s most iconic buildings have gone or have been irreparably altered, many other properties lie vacant or, at best, in marginal uses, and a large proportion are in a parlous state of repair. The once bustling street full of people that was shown in photographs of Drake Street from the 1960s is now largely devoid of activity. 1.3 Whilst Rochdale town centre, itself, also witnessed a similar downturn in its economic fortunes during the same period, the decline was nowhere near as marked nor the impacts upon its buildings and townscape quite so severe.
    [Show full text]
  • Lowell National Historical Park Foundation Document (Overview Version
    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Overview Lowell National Historical Park Massachusetts © James Higgins Contact Information For more information about the Lowell National Historical Park Foundation Document, contact: [email protected] or (978) 970-5000 or write to: Superintendent, Lowell National Historical Park, 67 Kirk Street, Lowell, MA 01852 Description © James Higgins Growth and change have long dominated the American As crowded tenements took the place of Lowell’s well system of values. Industry flourished in 19th-century regulated system of boarding houses, Lowell became an America as major technological advancements in industrial city similar to others in New England. transportation, power production, and industrial manufacturing facilitated a fundamental shift from rural Competition within the textile industry increased continually farm-based communities to a modern urban-industrial throughout the 19th century. Eventually, the combination of society. Lowell, Massachusetts, 30 miles northwest a cheaper, less unionized workforce; newer, more efficient of Boston, was founded in 1822 as a seminal planned factories and machinery; cheaper real estate; and lower industrial city and became one of the most significant taxes persuaded the textile industry to move south. Eight of textile producing centers in the country. The city of Lowell Lowell’s original 10 textile firms closed their doors for good is not, as is sometimes claimed, the birthplace of the during the 1920s, and the remaining two closed in the 1950s. Industrial Revolution in America. Most of the developments The city fell into a long depression that lasted through the associated with this phenomenon in the nation’s history 1960s.
    [Show full text]
  • Greater Manchester… Significantly Lower Than the National Average (73.9%)
    Where to now for widening access? 2020 and beyond A brief story of University Campus Oldham... History, location, context, challenges, opportunities. Parallels with the students’ journeys Oldham Oldham’s History At its peak, the most productive cotton spinning mill town in the world producing more cotton than France and Germany combined. Oldham’s People Total population (000s):218.8 % White, British: 80.484 % White Irish: 0.823 % White, other: 1.463 % Mixed: 1.6 % Asian or Asian British: 13.574 % Black or Black British: 1.234 % Chinese: 0.32 % Other: 0.411 SOURCE: ONS Employment Oldham (64.8%) currently has the 8th highest employment rate within Greater Manchester… significantly lower than the national average (73.9%). The employment rate in Oldham over the last 5 years has shown no measureable improvement whereas across England the employment rate has increased by 3.9 percentage points. Source: Annual Population Survey 2015 Wages Oldham has traditionally had low wage levels in terms of residents and work place earning potential. In 2011, Oldham had both the lowest residential (£412 per week) and workplace (£399 per week) median weekly wage levels in Greater Manchester. By 2015 wages for both residents (£444 a week) and those working in Oldham (£428 a week) remain significantly below the England averages (£533 and £532 a week respectively). Qualifications Even though progress has been made in recent years, Oldham still has a significantly higher percentage of its working age population with no qualifications (15.0%), compared to the GM (10.1%) and national (8.4%) averages. Young people are gaining higher levels of qualifications, it will take many decades for Oldham to narrow the gap to national rates.
    [Show full text]
  • Making Borders Irrelevant in Kashmir Will Be Swift and That India-Pakistan Relations Will Rapidly Improve Could Lead to Frustrations
    UNiteD StateS iNStitUte of peaCe www.usip.org SpeCial REPORT 1200 17th Street NW • Washington, DC 20036 • 202.457.1700 • fax 202.429.6063 ABOUT THE REPO R T P. R. Chari and Hasan Askari Rizvi This report analyzes the possibilities and practicalities of managing the Kashmir conflict by “making borders irrelevant”—softening the Line of Control to allow the easy movement of people, goods, and services across it. The report draws on the results of a survey of stakeholders and Making Borders public opinion on both sides of the Line of Control. The results of that survey, together with an initial draft of this report, were shown to a group of opinion makers in both countries (former bureaucrats and diplomats, members of the irrelevant in Kashmir armed forces, academics, and members of the media), whose comments were valuable in refining the report’s conclusions. P. R. Chari is a research professor at the Institute Summary for Peace and Conflict Studies in New Delhi and a former member of the Indian Administrative Service. Hasan Askari • Neither India nor Pakistan has been able to impose its preferred solution on the Rizvi is an independent political and defense consultant long-standing Kashmir conflict, and both sides have gradually shown more flexibility in Pakistan and is currently a visiting professor with the in their traditional positions on Kashmir, without officially abandoning them. This South Asia Program of the School of Advanced International development has encouraged the consideration of new, creative approaches to the Studies, Johns Hopkins University. management of the conflict. This report was commissioned by the Center • The approach holding the most promise is a pragmatic one that would “make for Conflict Mediation and Resolution at the United States borders irrelevant”—softening borders to allow movement of people, goods, and Institute of Peace.
    [Show full text]
  • New Hampshire
    DOVER NEW HAMPSHIRE City of Opportunity A Message from Dover Economic reetings, Development and City Planning G & Community Development On behalf of the city of Dover, NH, I thank you for considering our great community. Dover was established in 1623 and has a rich history of industry, education and Dover, New Hampshire: Unique, Cooperative, culture which rivals any community in the State or region. Proactive. That’s how we see our city. Dover has worked hard to build a business-friendly, proactive government Dover is a great place to live, work and play. From our his- infrastructure, where departments cooperate to assist toric downtown to our rich cultural events, Dover is a place existing businesses, and relocating companies, so that where people want to settle down and raise their families. both fulfill their potential. Great schools, family friendly events and close proximity One example of this cooperation, is the close to the State University hub add to the appeal of Dover. working relationship between the Dover Business & Industrial Development Authority and the City of Dover Our proximity to major highways, deep water ports, and Planning and Community Development Department. regional airports adds to the draw of an already vibrant Both entities work together with our clients from start to community. Dover is within a one hour drive of major finish. This integration ensures that permitting, engineer- cities, the Atlantic Ocean, the White Mountains and a ing, plan acceptance, variance consideration, and zoning number of prime hiking and ski resorts. approvals happen in a transparent and expeditious man- ner. There is a keen awareness that common sense and Dover offers an educated workforce, a technologically flexibility within the rules are needed to make projects advanced infrastructure and a proactive Planning Board work.
    [Show full text]
  • Cotton and the Community: Exploring Changing Concepts of Identity and Community on Lancashire’S Cotton Frontier C.1890-1950
    Cotton and the Community: Exploring Changing Concepts of Identity and Community on Lancashire’s Cotton Frontier c.1890-1950 By Jack Southern A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree of a PhD, at the University of Central Lancashire April 2016 1 i University of Central Lancashire STUDENT DECLARATION FORM I declare that whilst being registered as a candidate of the research degree, I have not been a registered candidate or enrolled student for another aware of the University or other academic or professional institution. I declare that no material contained in this thesis has been used for any other submission for an academic award and is solely my own work. Signature of Candidate ________________________________________________ Type of Award: Doctor of Philosophy School: Education and Social Sciences ii ABSTRACT This thesis explores the evolution of identity and community within north east Lancashire during a period when the area gained regional and national prominence through its involvement in the cotton industry. It examines how the overarching shared culture of the area could evolve under altering economic conditions, and how expressions of identity fluctuated through the cotton industry’s peak and decline. In effect, it explores how local populations could shape and be shaped by the cotton industry. By focusing on a compact area with diverse settlements, this thesis contributes to the wider understanding of what it was to live in an area dominated by a single industry. The complex legacy that the cotton industry’s decline has had is explored through a range of settlement types, from large town to small village.
    [Show full text]