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An Approach to the Patient with a Dry Mouth
MedicineToday 2014; 15(4): 30-37 PEER REVIEWED FEATURE 2 CPD POINTS An approach to the patient with a dry mouth Key points • The subjective complaint of ELHAM AFLAKI MD; TAHEREH ERFANI MD; NICHOLAS MANOLIOS MB BS(Hons), PhD, MD, FRACP, FRCPA; xerostomia needs to be MARK SCHIFTER FFD, RCSI(Oral Med), FRACDS(Oral Med) differentiated from true salivary hypofunction. Dry mouth is a common and disabling problem. After exclusion of treatable • Salivary hypofunction can significantly reduce quality causes, treatment is symptomatic to prevent the consequences of salivary of life through its adverse hypofunction, such as tooth decay and infection of the oral mucosa. effects on taste, mastication, swallowing, cleansing of the erostomia, or the subjective feeling of neuropathic-induced orofacial dysaesthesia) mouth, killing of microbes a dry mouth, is a common complaint. and psychological and psychiatric disorders, and speech. It is often a consequence of salivary such as anxiety and depression. • Salivary hypofunction is a hypofunction (hyposalivation), in substantive risk factor for X which there is objective evidence of reduced NORMAL SALIVA PRODUCTION dental caries, oral mucosal salivary output or qualitative changes in saliva. Under normal physiological conditions, the disease and infection, Typically, patients complain of oral dryness salivary glands produce 1000 to 1500 mL of particularly oral candidiasis. only when salivary secretion is reduced by more saliva daily as an ultrafiltrate from the circu- • Patients should be than half.1 As saliva has a crucial role in taste lating plasma. Therefore, simple dehydration investigated for contributory perception, mastication, swallowing, cleansing reduces saliva production. The parotid glands and underlying causes, of the mouth, killing of microbes and speech, are the major source of serous saliva (60 to 65% which include drugs and abnormalities in saliva production can signif- of total saliva volume), producing the stimu- rheumatological diseases. -
WITHOUTUS010307409B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No
WITHOUTUS010307409B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 10 , 307 ,409 B2 Chase et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Jun . 4 , 2019 ( 54 ) MUSCARINIC COMBINATIONS AND THEIR (52 ) U . S . CI. USE FOR COMBATING CPC . .. .. A61K 31/ 4439 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 9 /0056 HYPOCHOLINERGIC DISORDERS OF THE (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 9 / 7023 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 31 / 166 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 31 / 216 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; A61K 31 /4178 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31/ 439 (71 ) Applicant: Chase Pharmaceuticals Corporation , ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31 /44 (2013 . 01 ) ; A61K Washington , DC (US ) 31/ 454 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31/ 4725 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A61K 31 /517 (2013 .01 ) ; A61K 45 / 06 ( 72 ) Inventors : Thomas N . Chase , Washington , DC (2013 . 01 ) (US ) ; Kathleen E . Clarence -Smith , ( 58 ) Field of Classification Search Washington , DC (US ) CPC .. A61K 31/ 167 ; A61K 31/ 216 ; A61K 31/ 439 ; A61K 31 /454 ; A61K 31 /4439 ; A61K (73 ) Assignee : Chase Pharmaceuticals Corporation , 31 /4175 ; A61K 31 /4725 Washington , DC (US ) See application file for complete search history. ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (56 ) References Cited patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U . S . C . 154 (b ) by 0 days . U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 5 ,534 ,520 A 7 / 1996 Fisher et al. ( 21) Appl . No. : 15 /260 , 996 2008 /0306103 Al 12 /2008 Fisher et al. 2011/ 0021503 A1* 1/ 2011 Chase . .. A61K 31/ 27 ( 22 ) Filed : Sep . 9 , 2016 514 / 215 2011/ 0071135 A1 * 3 / 2011 Chase . .. .. .. A61K 31/ 166 (65 ) Prior Publication Data 514 / 215 2011 /0245294 Al 10 / 2011 Paborji et al. -
Anthem Blue Cross Drug Formulary
Erythromycin/Sulfisoxazole (generic) INTRODUCTION Penicillins ...................................................................... Anthem Blue Cross uses a formulary Amoxicillin (generic) (preferred list of drugs) to help your doctor Amoxicillin/Clavulanate (generic/Augmentin make prescribing decisions. This list of drugs chew/XR) is updated quarterly, by a committee Ampicillin (generic) consisting of doctors and pharmacists, so that Dicloxacillin (generic) the list includes drugs that are safe and Penicillin (generic) effective in the treatment of diseases. If you Quinolones ..................................................................... have any questions about the accessibility of Ciprofloxacin/XR (generic) your medication, please call the phone number Levofloxacin (Levaquin) listed on the back of your Anthem Blue Cross Sulfonamides ................................................................ member identification card. Erythromycin/Sulfisoxazole (generic) In most cases, if your physician has Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (generic) determined that it is medically necessary for Sulfisoxazole (generic) you to receive a brand name drug or a drug Tetracyclines .................................................................. that is not on our list, your physician may Doxycycline hyclate (generic) indicate “Dispense as Written” or “Do Not Minocycline (generic) Substitute” on your prescription to ensure Tetracycline (generic) access to the medication through our network ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS (ORAL) _________________ of community -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/0108602 A1 Chu Et Al
US 2003O1086O2A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2003/0108602 A1 Chu et al. (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 12, 2003 (54) TABLETS AND METHODS FOR MODIFIED (22) Filed: Jul. 8, 2002 RELEASE OF HYDROPHILIC AND OTHER ACTIVE AGENTS Related U.S. Application Data (75) Inventors: James Shunnan Chu, Palo Alto, CA (63) Continuation of application No. 09/599,102, filed on (US); Yisong Yang, Sunnyvale, CA May 19, 2000, now Pat. No. 6,419,954. (US); Joseph A. Fix, Half Moon Bay, CA (US) Publication Classification Correspondence Address: (51) Int. Cl. ............................................... A61K 9/20 TOWNSEND AND TOWNSEND AND CREW, (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/465 LLP TWO EMBARCADERO CENTER EIGHTH FLOOR (57) ABSTRACT SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111-3834 (US) (73) Assignee: Yamanouchi Pharma Technologies, The invention provides a tablet and methods for making the Inc., Palo Alto, CA (US) tablet comprising a gel-forming material and at least one particle comprising an active agent in contact with a coating (21) Appl. No.: 10/191,979 material to modify release of the active agent. Patent Application Publication Jun. 12, 2003 Sheet 1 of 11 US 2003/0108602 A1 (O) N 3(O) 2(O) A/G /A Patent Application Publication Jun. 12, 2003. Sheet 2 of 11 US 2003/0108602 A1 O / O2 OOO OO O Q(SO39 O KC O () i88. OOO OO Okk (ki (k) <k. SJS19O OO <! o O OSS) O O 33 kg) O<< 3k 32 "ooO O & : A/6, 2O Patent Application Publication Jun. 12, 2003 Sheet 3 of 11 US 2003/0108602 A1 Active POWCer (Cevimeline HCI) Formulation Parameters -Pretreatment of Active -Binder: Solid or Solution Binder -% Content of Binder (HPC or PEO/PEG) -Amount of Water Process Parameters -Equipment Selection -Spray Technique Pelletization -Product Temperature (Granulation) -Drying Procedure Process -Milling Technique -High Shear G -Fluid-Bed G In-Process Tests -Yield Active Pellet/Granules -Physical Characteristics -ASSay FIG. -
Dopamine: a Role in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hypertension
Journal of Human Hypertension (2000) 14, Suppl 1, S47–S50 2000 Macmillan Publishers Ltd All rights reserved 0950-9240/00 $15.00 www.nature.com/jhh Dopamine: a role in the pathogenesis and treatment of hypertension MB Murphy Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland The catecholamine dopamine (DA), activates two dis- (largely nausea and orthostasis) have precluded wide tinct classes of DA-specific receptors in the cardio- use of D2 agonists. In contrast, the D1 selective agonist vascular system and kidney—each capable of influenc- fenoldopam has been licensed for the parenteral treat- ing systemic blood pressure. D1 receptors on vascular ment of severe hypertension. Apart from inducing sys- smooth muscle cells mediate vasodilation, while on temic vasodilation it induces a diuresis and natriuresis, renal tubular cells they modulate sodium excretion. D2 enhanced renal blood flow, and a small increment in receptors on pre-synaptic nerve terminals influence nor- glomerular filtration rate. Evidence is emerging that adrenaline release and, consequently, heart rate and abnormalities in DA production, or in signal transduc- vascular resistance. Activation of both, by low dose DA tion of the D1 receptor in renal proximal tubules, may lowers blood pressure. While DA also binds to alpha- result in salt retention and high blood pressure in some and beta-adrenoceptors, selective agonists at both DA humans and in several animal models of hypertension. receptor classes have been studied in the treatment of -
Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals Carlotta Cocchetti 1, Jiska Ristori 1, Alessia Romani 1, Mario Maggi 2 and Alessandra Daphne Fisher 1,* 1 Andrology, Women’s Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Florence University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; [email protected] (C.C); jiska.ristori@unifi.it (J.R.); [email protected] (A.R.) 2 Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Careggi University Hospital, 50139 Florence, Italy; [email protected]fi.it * Correspondence: fi[email protected] Received: 16 April 2020; Accepted: 18 May 2020; Published: 26 May 2020 Abstract: Introduction: To date no standardized hormonal treatment protocols for non-binary transgender individuals have been described in the literature and there is a lack of data regarding their efficacy and safety. Objectives: To suggest possible treatment strategies for non-binary transgender individuals with non-standardized requests and to emphasize the importance of a personalized clinical approach. Methods: A narrative review of pertinent literature on gender-affirming hormonal treatment in transgender persons was performed using PubMed. Results: New hormonal treatment regimens outside those reported in current guidelines should be considered for non-binary transgender individuals, in order to improve psychological well-being and quality of life. In the present review we suggested the use of hormonal and non-hormonal compounds, which—based on their mechanism of action—could be used in these cases depending on clients’ requests. Conclusion: Requests for an individualized hormonal treatment in non-binary transgender individuals represent a future challenge for professionals managing transgender health care. For each case, clinicians should balance the benefits and risks of a personalized non-standardized treatment, actively involving the person in decisions regarding hormonal treatment. -
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System
AHFS Pharmacologic-Therapeutic Classification System Abacavir 48:24 - Mucolytic Agents - 382638 8:18.08.20 - HIV Nucleoside and Nucleotide Reverse Acitretin 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Abaloparatide 68:24.08 - Parathyroid Agents - 317036 Aclidinium Abatacept 12:08.08 - Antimuscarinics/Antispasmodics - 313022 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - Acrivastine 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 306003 4:08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 Abciximab 48:04.08 - Second Generation Antihistamines - 394040 20:12.18 - Platelet-aggregation Inhibitors - 395014 Acyclovir Abemaciclib 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 381045 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317058 84:04.06 - Antivirals - 381036 Abiraterone Adalimumab; -adaz 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 311027 92:36 - Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs - AbobotulinumtoxinA 56:92 - GI Drugs, Miscellaneous - 302046 92:20 - Immunomodulatory Agents - 302046 92:92 - Other Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents - 12:20.92 - Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Miscellaneous - Adapalene 84:92 - Skin and Mucous Membrane Agents, Acalabrutinib 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 317059 Adefovir Acamprosate 8:18.32 - Nucleosides and Nucleotides - 302036 28:92 - Central Nervous System Agents, Adenosine 24:04.04.24 - Class IV Antiarrhythmics - 304010 Acarbose Adenovirus Vaccine Live Oral 68:20.02 - alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors - 396015 80:12 - Vaccines - 315016 Acebutolol Ado-Trastuzumab 24:24 - beta-Adrenergic Blocking Agents - 387003 10:00 - Antineoplastic Agents - 313041 12:16.08.08 - Selective -
Anticholinergic Drugs Improve Symptoms but Increase Dry Mouth in Adults with Overactive Bladder Syndrome
Source of funding: Evid Based Nurs: first published as 10.1136/ebn.6.2.49 on 1 April 2003. Downloaded from Review: anticholinergic drugs improve symptoms but Health Research Council of Aotearoa increase dry mouth in adults with overactive bladder New Zealand. syndrome For correspondence: Jean Hay-Smith, Hay-Smith J, Herbison P,Ellis G, et al. Anticholinergic drugs versus placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in adults. Dunedin School of Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002;(3):CD003781 (latest version May 29 2002). Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New QUESTION: What are the effects of anticholinergic drugs in adults with overactive Zealand. jean.hay-smith@ bladder syndrome? otago.ac.nz Data sources Parallel arm studies of anticholinergic drugs v placebo for overactive bladder syndrome in Studies were identified by searching the Cochrane adults at 12 days to 12 weeks* Incontinence Group trials register (to January 2002) Weighted event rates and reference lists of relevant papers. Anticholinergic Study selection Outcomes drugs Placebo RBI (95% CI) NNT (CI) Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials in Self reported cure or adults with symptomatic diagnosis of overactive bladder improvement (8 studies) 63% 45% 41% (29 to 54) 6 (5 to 8) syndrome, urodynamic diagnosis of detrusor overactiv- RRI (CI) NNH (CI) ity, or both, that compared an anticholinergic drug Dry mouth (20 studies) 36% 15% 138 (70 to 232) 5 (4 to 7) (given to decrease symptoms of overactive bladder) with Outcomes Weighted mean difference (CI) placebo or no treatment. Studies of darifenacin, emepronium bromide or carrageenate, dicyclomine Number of leakage episodes in 24 hours (9 − chloride, oxybutynin chloride, propiverine, propanthe- studies) 0.56 (–0.73 to –0.39) Number of micturitions in 24 hours (8 studies) −0.59 (–0.83 to –0.36) line bromide, tolterodine, and trospium chloride were Maximum cystometric volume (ml) (12 studies) 54.3 (43.0 to 65.7) included. -
Properties and Units in Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology
Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 479–552, 2000. © 2000 IUPAC INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE SCIENTIFIC DIVISION COMMITTEE ON NOMENCLATURE, PROPERTIES, AND UNITS (C-NPU)# and INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY AND HUMAN HEALTH DIVISION CLINICAL CHEMISTRY SECTION COMMISSION ON NOMENCLATURE, PROPERTIES, AND UNITS (C-NPU)§ PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN THE CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES PART XII. PROPERTIES AND UNITS IN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY (Technical Report) (IFCC–IUPAC 1999) Prepared for publication by HENRIK OLESEN1, DAVID COWAN2, RAFAEL DE LA TORRE3 , IVAN BRUUNSHUUS1, MORTEN ROHDE1, and DESMOND KENNY4 1Office of Laboratory Informatics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark; 2Drug Control Centre, London University, King’s College, London, UK; 3IMIM, Dr. Aiguader 80, Barcelona, Spain; 4Dept. of Clinical Biochemistry, Our Lady’s Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland #§The combined Memberships of the Committee and the Commission (C-NPU) during the preparation of this report (1994–1996) were as follows: Chairman: H. Olesen (Denmark, 1989–1995); D. Kenny (Ireland, 1996); Members: X. Fuentes-Arderiu (Spain, 1991–1997); J. G. Hill (Canada, 1987–1997); D. Kenny (Ireland, 1994–1997); H. Olesen (Denmark, 1985–1995); P. L. Storring (UK, 1989–1995); P. Soares de Araujo (Brazil, 1994–1997); R. Dybkær (Denmark, 1996–1997); C. McDonald (USA, 1996–1997). Please forward comments to: H. Olesen, Office of Laboratory Informatics 76-6-1, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), 9 Blegdamsvej, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgment, with full reference to the source, along with use of the copyright symbol ©, the name IUPAC, and the year of publication, are prominently visible. -
UFC PROHIBITED LIST Effective June 1, 2021 the UFC PROHIBITED LIST
UFC PROHIBITED LIST Effective June 1, 2021 THE UFC PROHIBITED LIST UFC PROHIBITED LIST Effective June 1, 2021 PART 1. Except as provided otherwise in PART 2 below, the UFC Prohibited List shall incorporate the most current Prohibited List published by WADA, as well as any WADA Technical Documents establishing decision limits or reporting levels, and, unless otherwise modified by the UFC Prohibited List or the UFC Anti-Doping Policy, Prohibited Substances, Prohibited Methods, Specified or Non-Specified Substances and Specified or Non-Specified Methods shall be as identified as such on the WADA Prohibited List or WADA Technical Documents. PART 2. Notwithstanding the WADA Prohibited List and any otherwise applicable WADA Technical Documents, the following modifications shall be in full force and effect: 1. Decision Concentration Levels. Adverse Analytical Findings reported at a concentration below the following Decision Concentration Levels shall be managed by USADA as Atypical Findings. • Cannabinoids: natural or synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or Cannabimimetics (e.g., “Spice,” JWH-018, JWH-073, HU-210): any level • Clomiphene: 0.1 ng/mL1 • Dehydrochloromethyltestosterone (DHCMT) long-term metabolite (M3): 0.1 ng/mL • Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): 0.1 ng/mL2 • GW-1516 (GW-501516) metabolites: 0.1 ng/mL • Epitrenbolone (Trenbolone metabolite): 0.2 ng/mL 2. SARMs/GW-1516: Adverse Analytical Findings reported at a concentration at or above the applicable Decision Concentration Level but under 1 ng/mL shall be managed by USADA as Specified Substances. 3. Higenamine: Higenamine shall be a Prohibited Substance under the UFC Anti-Doping Policy only In-Competition (and not Out-of- Competition). -
Safety Data Sheet
SAFETY DATA SHEET SECTION 1: PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME DHEA (Prasterone) (Micronized) PRODUCT CODE 0733 SUPPLIER MEDISCA Inc. Tel.: 1.800.932.1039 | Fax.: 1.855.850.5855 661 Route 3, Unit C, Plattsburgh, NY, 12901 3955 W. Mesa Vista Ave., Unit A-10, Las Vegas, NV, 89118 6641 N. Belt Line Road, Suite 130, Irving, TX, 75063 MEDISCA Pharmaceutique Inc. Tel.: 1.800.665.6334 | Fax.: 514.338.1693 4509 Rue Dobrin, St. Laurent, QC, H4R 2L8 21300 Gordon Way, Unit 153/158, Richmond, BC V6W 1M2 MEDISCA Australia PTY LTD Tel.: 1.300.786.392 | Fax.: 61.2.9700.9047 Unit 7, Heritage Business Park 5-9 Ricketty Street, Mascot, NSW 2020 EMERGENCY PHONE CHEMTREC Day or Night Within USA and Canada: 1-800-424-9300 NSW Poisons Information Centre: 131 126 USES Adjuvant; Androgen SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION GHS CLASSIFICATION Toxic to Reproduction (Category 2) PICTOGRAM SIGNAL WORD Warning HAZARD STATEMENT(S) Reproductive effector, prohormone. Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. May cause harm to breast-fed children. Causes serious eye irritation. Causes skin and respiratory irritation. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. AUSTRALIA-ONLY HAZARDS Not Applicable. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENT(S) Prevention Wash thoroughly after handling. Obtain special instructions before use. Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. Do not breathe dusts or mists. Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing. Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, face protection. Avoid release to the environment. Response IF ON SKIN (HAIR): Wash with plenty of water. -
Urinary Antispasmodics TCO 02.2018
Therapeutic Class Overview Urinary antispasmodics INTRODUCTION • Overactive bladder (OAB) is defined as urinary urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually with frequency and nocturia, in the absence of a causative infection or pathological conditions. Urinary incontinence has been shown to greatly reduce quality of life in areas such as mental and general health in addition to physical and social functioning (American Urological Association 2019, Coyne et al 2008, Haab 2014, International Continence Society 2015). Children with OAB usually have detrusor overactivity as diagnosed through cystometric evaluation. Neurogenic detrusor overactivity is predominantly caused by a congenital neural tube defect in children (Austin et al 2016, Franco ○ et al 2020). • Behavioral therapies (eg, bladder training, bladder control strategies, pelvic floor muscle training and fluid management) are considered first-line treatment in all patients with OAB (American Urological Association 2019). • Urinary antispasmodics are used as first-line pharmacological therapy in OAB (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 2015, American Urological Association 2019, Blok et al 2020, Burkhard et al 2018). Anticholinergic therapy has been frequently used in patients with neurogenic detrusor overactivity, but there are limited data in this specific population (Haab 2014). • The○ urinary antispasmodics used for the treatment of OAB belong to 2 classes of drugs, which include anticholinergic compounds known as muscarinic receptor antagonists, and the beta-3 adrenergic agonist (AR), mirabegron. The anticholinergic agents act as antagonists of acetylcholine at muscarinic cholinergic receptors, thereby relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder and decreasing bladder contractions. ○ . Oral immediate-release (IR) and extended-release (ER) formulations (LA, XL, and XR) are available for oxybutynin (Ditropan), tolterodine (Detrol), and trospium.